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31-653: Tulumaje is a small village situated along the Rio Motagua , the largest river of Guatemala . This village is characterized by a predominantly hot and humid climate; droughts are rare, because of the abundant sources of water such as the Motagua river and Las Vegas river, both surrounding the place. The area is largely forested, bringing to the region frequent rainy days. Tulumaje is situated in San Agustín Acasaguastlán , El Progreso Department , to

62-413: A fresh environment. Barrio El campo is situated at the opposite side of the above-mentioned neighborhoods. It is also a dry place, with different facilities of access through well paved roads. El campo is a field where different soccer(football) matches are held; the football championship brings enjoyable moments to all Tulumajense people, and it invites different other villages to compete. Barrio El aripinal

93-506: A time by oceanic crust. The Pacific Ocean floor subducted under this oceanic crust between the continents. The CLIP drifted into the same area, but as it was less dense and thicker than the surrounding oceanic crust, it did not subduct, but rather overrode the ocean floor, continuing to move eastward relative to North America and South America. With the formation of the Isthmus of Panama 3 million years ago, it ultimately lost its connection to

124-580: A valley that has the only known source of jadeitite (jade) in Mesoamerica . Green jade, which was used by the Aztec and Maya people, was re-discovered in the 1950s by American geologist William Foshag , who was directed by a local tomato farmer. The rarer blue-green jade, used by the Olmec people, was re-discovered further north of the river in 2002. The Olmecs were believed to have first settled in

155-862: Is a mostly oceanic tectonic plate underlying Central America and the Caribbean Sea off the northern coast of South America . Roughly 3.2 million square kilometres (1.2 million square miles) in area, the Caribbean plate borders the North American plate , the South American plate , the Nazca plate and the Cocos plate . These borders are regions of intense seismic activity, including frequent earthquakes , occasional tsunamis , and volcanic eruptions. The northern boundary with

186-408: Is characterized to be right next to Puente Tulumaje, and the main entrance is often called Dona Chavelita by the people who get off the bus that run from El Progreso, Las Champas, or come from Morazan, Pasagua and Tulumajillo. Barrio El lajal is characterized to be a dry place, of rocky roads, and situated at a high hill with little forestation. Houses are made of adobe walls and tile roofs that provides

217-403: Is especially dangerous in the marine protected areas of Honduras and Guatemala, in which conservation efforts are prioritized in an effort to maintain species diversity. The pollution also affects the many Indigenous communities who rely on the resources that the river provides. Additionally, members of coastal communities must often pick up the trash themselves and are financially burdened by

248-574: Is near the river's north bank, as are several smaller sites with jade quarries and workshops. The river was also an important commerce route during the Pre-Columbian era. The trade route played a role in facilitating the transfer of goods, ideas, and even people. The river's use as a trade route is evidenced by jade items and specific methods of pottery having been discovered across multiple different regions in Mesoamerica . Pollution

279-520: Is played out-loud by a rocola, and men play poker, drink until late night. On May 29, 2010, Hurricane Agatha was the biggest natural disaster that hit this village, leaving to it huge losses to many families. Rio Motagua flooded and destroyed huge extensions of lands, houses and took with it all cattle that was being fed, horses, chicken farms, etc. It was a tense night, and many families stayed awake all night long waiting for that majestic river lower down its size. Guatemalan government provided help to all

310-711: Is reported to have first affected the river in 2003 when industrial waste from a power plant in Guatemala City was carried down the Río Las Vacas , one of its tributaries . Those living along the river were instructed not to use the contaminated water for drinking, cooking, or cleaning.   The water quality of rivers in Guatemala is generally poor because there are no standard measures for maintaining river water conditions. Water quality regulation policy also often fails to dictate responsibilities between

341-571: Is right next to El campo, and it counts with different stores, and well paved roads as well. Barrio El centro is where people join for different kinds of activities held in Tulumaje. Great religious, traditional, and educational events are held through the year. The church faces the park, the primary school and the communal hall are directed to the main street; and different stores and pharmacies make an easy access to families get their everyday-goods. Cantinas are common in Tulumaje, and every weekend music

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372-760: The Central America Volcanic Arc . The usual theory of the origin of the Caribbean plate was confronted by a contrasting theory in 2002. The mainstream theory holds that it is the Caribbean large igneous province (CLIP) which formed in the Pacific Ocean tens of millions of years ago, perhaps originating at the Galápagos hotspot . As the Atlantic Ocean widened, North America and South America were pushed westward, separated for

403-542: The Leeward Antilles ) and Colombia . This boundary is in part the result of transform faulting , along with thrust faulting and some subduction. The rich Venezuelan petroleum fields possibly result from this complex plate interaction. The Caribbean plate is moving eastward about 22 millimetres (0.87 in) per year in relation to the South American plate. In Venezuela, much of the movement between

434-658: The Virgin Islands . Part of the Puerto Rico Trench , the deepest part of the Atlantic Ocean (roughly 8,400 metres or 27,600 feet), lies along this border. The Puerto Rico Trench is at a complex transition from the subduction boundary to the south and the transform boundary to the west. The eastern boundary is a subduction zone, the Lesser Antilles subduction zone , where oceanic crust of

465-526: The government and non-government organizations to ensure safe water and clean oceans. The river begins in the Western Highlands of Guatemala and runs along the Atlantic slope. Traveling in an easterly direction, it passes through 14 of Guatemala’s departments and contains seven distinct ecoregions . Along its course, water flows in from 29 other major rivers. The final few kilometres of

496-490: The Caribbean plate and the South American plate occurs along the faults of Boconó , El Pilar , and San Sebastián . The western portion of the plate is occupied by Central America. The Cocos plate in the Pacific Ocean is subducted beneath the Caribbean plate, just off the western coast of Central America. This subduction forms the volcanoes of Guatemala , El Salvador , Nicaragua , and Costa Rica , also known as

527-901: The Caribbean plate. What would eventually become present-day Central America, part of the western plate boundary, was still isolated in the Pacific. 58.5 to 56.5 Ma , during the Late Paleocene , a local sea-level low-stand assisted by the continental uplift of the western margin of South America, resulted in a fully operative land bridge over which several groups of mammals apparently took part in an interchange. For example, specimens have been assigned to xenarthra , didelphidae , and phorusrhacidae from Eocene North America and Europe (although these have been criticized ), and Peradectes from Paleocene South America. The Great American Interchange in which land and freshwater fauna migrated between North America and South America via

558-664: The Late Cretaceous. This migration eventually resulted in a volcanic arc stretching from northwestern South America to the Yucatán Peninsula , today represented by the Aves Islands and the Lesser and Greater Antilles . This arc was the subject of constant tectonism and sea-level fluctuation, but lasted until the mid-Eocene and intermittently formed a land bridge along the eastern and northern boundaries of

589-535: The Motagua River valley in around 3000 BC. They constructed figures, masks, and ornaments using the blue-green jade. The Maya likely settled in the Motagua River valley in around 2000 BC. They used the green jade to make beads and amulets. These objects were often used for religious rituals or to signify wealth. The Maya site of Copán , located along the river, contains several ruins of monuments and religious structures. The important Maya site of Quirigua

620-1012: The North American plate is a transform or strike-slip boundary that runs from the border area of Belize , Guatemala ( Motagua Fault ), and Honduras in Central America, eastward through the Cayman trough along the Swan Islands Transform Fault before joining the southern boundary of the Gonâve microplate . East of the Mid-Cayman Rise this continues as the Walton fault zone and the Enriquillo–Plantain Garden fault zone into eastern Hispaniola . From there it continues into Puerto Rico , and

651-490: The Pacific. The more recent theory asserts that the Caribbean plate came into being from an Atlantic hotspot which no longer exists. This theory points to evidence of the absolute motion of the Caribbean plate which indicates that it moves westward, not east, and that its apparent eastward motion is only relative to the motions of the North American plate and the South American plate . The Caribbean plate began its eastward migration 80  million years ago (Ma) during

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682-466: The Río Las Vacas tributary. It is one of the world’s most polluted rivers and accounts for about two percent of plastic emissions into the world’s oceans. Those living along the river also contribute to the pollution, as each person disposes, on average, 1.15 pounds of waste each day. As the pollution from the river reaches the Caribbean , it begins to harm marine environments. This pollution

713-606: The South American plate is being subducted under the Caribbean plate. Subduction forms the volcanic islands of the Lesser Antilles Volcanic Arc from the Virgin Islands in the north to the islands off the coast of Venezuela in the south. This boundary contains seventeen active volcanoes, most notably Soufriere Hills on Montserrat ; Mount Pelée on Martinique ; La Grande Soufrière on Guadeloupe ; Soufrière Saint Vincent on Saint Vincent ; and

744-504: The affected families. 14°56′N 90°02′W  /  14.933°N 90.033°W  / 14.933; -90.033 Rio Motagua The Motagua River valley contains sources of jadeitite , which has been used by many Indigenous communities that have inhabited the region. The Motagua River is also one of the most plastic-emitting rivers in the world, contributing around two percent of global plastic pollution emissions into oceans annually. Conservation efforts have been driven by

775-540: The east of Guatemala City . It's composed of various neighborhoods. San Esteban is the most important one, with a big affluence of sawmill factories, providing the people with good opportunities of employment; different other families dedicate themselves to the livestock, having great amounts of cattle, which they feed at their own lands near river Motagua or Las Vegas. Those families as well own huge extensions of lands, on which they harvest lemon or other kinds of tropical fruits. Barrio El puente connects Barrio El lajal, and it

806-452: The effects of pollution on popular industries such as fishing and tourism. Though the right to safe drinking water is mandated in Guatemala, it is obstructed by poor waste management regulations and limited government intervention. Much of Guatemala’s rural population works in agriculture, which further increases the demand for safe water. The Guatemalan government began to take action by constructing bio-fences to filter waste traveling down

837-494: The government and individual departments, and has not been adequately implemented or coordinated at the administrative level. Despite this, attempts at legislation to improve water quality regulation have often prolonged for multiple years in the Guatemalan Congress . The river is highly polluted with untreated sewage , industrial waste, tons of sediment (garbage) and blackwater from Guatemala City carried by

868-782: The river as the test site for its experimental "Interceptor Trashfence," which attempts to filter out solid pollutants as they flow downriver. Río Cocoyá , Río Cotón, Río Suchicul, Río Morazán, Río Comajá, Río Lato, Río Huijo, Río La Palmilla, Río Teculutan, Río Pasabien, Río Hondo, Río Jones, Río Los Achiotes, Río Mayuelas, Río El Lobo, Quebrada Agua Fría, Quebrada La Vegega, Río Las Conchas Río Chipaca, Rio Agua Escondida, Rio Quisaya, Rio Pixcayá, Río Cotzibal, Río Las Vacas, Río Grande, Río Ovejas, Río El Tambor, Río San Vicente, Río Grande o Zapaca , Río Carí, Río Las Naranjas, Río Biafra, Río El Islote, Río Jubuco, Río Lagarto, Río Tepemechín, Río Juyamá, Río Bobos , Río Animas, Río Chiquito, Río Nuevo o Cacao Caribbean Plate The Caribbean plate

899-729: The river form part of the Guatemala–Honduras border . The river mouth opens at El Quetzalito Beach, which is located along the Guatemalan coast, and flows into the Gulf of Honduras. The Motagua River valley also marks the Motagua Fault , the tectonic boundary between the North American and the Caribbean Plates . The Motagua fault has been the source of several major earthquakes in Guatemala . The river runs in

930-595: The river. They have also worked with the Stockholm International Water Institute to implement the National Water and Sanitation Policy in Guatemala, which outlines a number of objectives to improve regulation and conservation. Conservation projects such as 4ocean’s Project Guatemala seek to involve local government and community members in prioritizing limiting waste from reaching the ocean. The Ocean Cleanup also chose

961-423: The submarine volcano Kick 'em Jenny which lies about 10 km north of Grenada . Large historical earthquakes in 1839 and 1843 in this region are possibly megathrust earthquakes. Along the geologically complex southern boundary, the Caribbean plate interacts with the South American plate forming Barbados , Trinidad and Tobago (all on the Caribbean plate), and islands off the coast of Venezuela (including

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