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45-587: Monarch was built as a sidewheel towboat at Fulton , Ohio , in 1853. She sank in the Ohio River at Louisville , Kentucky , on 5 March 1861, but was refloated and repaired. The United States Army purchased her at Pittsburgh , Pennsylvania , in April 1862 for service in support of Union Army operations and converted her into a ram in 1862 for service in conjunction with the Western Flotilla on

90-660: A "hip" barge due to the size of lock chambers. These boats tend to be limited to 5,000 horsepower (3,728 kW). Towboats in line-haul service operate 24/7 and have the latest in navigational equipment, such as color radar, GPS systems, electronic river charts, and specialized radio communications. Boats that traverse the Intracoastal Waterway (ICW) are commonly referred to as "ditch boats" or "canal boats". ICW tows usually consist of 1 to 6 barges ranging in size, usually "strung out" end to end when loaded or "breasted up" side by side when empty. Towboats always push

135-581: A U.S. Army-U.S. Navy expedition in Mississippi up the Yazoo River with troops landing at various points along the shore and destroying Confederate artillery batteries on the river. Union ships captured the sidewheel paddle steamer CSS Fairplay above Vicksburg on 27 August 1862; Monarch then cruised the Yazoo with the sidewheel paddle steamer USS  General Bragg to prevent Confederate use of

180-595: A mega-sports complex for young athletes. The Winterville Mounds Historic Site , with more than twelve earthwork mounds constructed by people of the Plaquemine Mississippian culture , is a survival north of the county seat of the deep indigenous history along the Mississippi River. This culture was particularly prominent from 13th to the 15th centuries, long before European exploration. Earthwork mounds were built by peoples in this area from

225-473: A new site (the third, current Greenville) three miles away, at the highest point on the Mississippi River between the towns of Vicksburg and Memphis . Much of the land belonged to the Roach and Blanton families; the major part of the area selected was within property owned by Mrs. Harriet Blanton Theobald . She welcomed the idea of a new Greenville, and donated land for schools, churches and public buildings. She

270-703: A rectangular shape 6 to 7 barges long and 5 to 6 barges wide, depending on the number of barges in tow. The whole tow, excluding the towboat, can easily be over 1,200 feet (370 m) long and 200 feet (61 m) wide, covering over 6 acres (2.4 ha) and holding thousands of tons of cargo. In the United States above St. Louis on the Upper Mississippi River and on other rivers such as the Illinois , Ohio , Arkansas , Tennessee and Cumberland , boats can handle only up to 16 barges including

315-579: A second just west of the city near the Greenville Bridge known as Harlow's Casino Resort. Chicago Mill and Lumber Co. operated a lumber mill on the lake two-tenths of a mile south of the casino levee parking lot; the mill specialized in making hardwood boxes until it closed. According to the United States Census Bureau , the city has a total area of 27.7 square miles (72 km ), of which 26.9 square miles (70 km )

360-1003: A small portion of the city lies in the Western Line School District . Greenville High School is the public high school of the Greenville district, while O'Bannon High School serves Western Line residents. The private schools, Washington School and Greenville Christian School , also serve the city, as well as St. Joseph Catholic School (K-12), a parochial school which is part of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Jackson . The diocese formerly operated Our Lady of Lourdes Elementary School, which merged into St. Joseph in 2016. The Greenville Higher Education Center offers non-credit community courses and credit courses from Delta State University , Mississippi Delta Community College (MDCC), and Mississippi Valley State University . All of Washington County

405-673: Is a historic towboat moored on the Muskingum River in Marietta, Ohio, at the Ohio River Museum. A National Historic Landmark , she is the only intact steam-driven sternwheel towboat still on the United States river system. Greenville, Mississippi Greenville is the ninth-most populous city in the U.S. state of Mississippi , and the largest city by population in the Mississippi Delta region. It

450-594: Is currently provided by Contour Airlines with nonstop Embraer regional jet flights to Dallas/Fort Worth (DFW) and Nashville (BNA). U.S. Highway 61 , U.S. Highway 82 and the Great River Road ( Mississippi Highway 1 ) are the main transportation arteries through the Greenville area. U.S. Highway 82 is a major part of the Mississippi Delta's transportation network, as it connects to Interstate 55 and other major four-lane highways. In addition,

495-645: Is in the service area of MDCC. Delta Democrat Times is the daily newspaper of the town. The Greenville Bucks were a minor-league baseball team in the Cotton States League from 1922 to 1955. The Greenville Bluesmen were an independent minor league professional baseball team from 1996–2001 in Greenville. The Mississippi Miracles , formerly the Mississippi Stingers , were an American Basketball Association franchise from 2004–2006 in Greenville. Greenville will become host to

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540-478: Is land and 0.8 square miles (2.1 km ) (2.82%) is water. As of the 2020 United States Census , there were 29,670 people, 12,142 households, and 7,405 families residing in the city. As of the 2013 American Community Survey , there were 33,928 people living in the city. 75.9% were African American , 21.7% White , 0.0% Native American , 0.8% Asian , 0.9% from some other race and 0.7% from two or more races . 1.2% were Hispanic or Latino of any race. As of

585-597: Is now known as Mississippi. The current city of Greenville is the third in the State to bear the name. The first, (known as Old Greenville ) located to the south near Natchez , was the Jefferson County seat from 1803-1825 but became defunct soon after the American Revolution , as European-American settlement was then still concentrated in the eastern states. This ghost town was in no way related to

630-469: Is the county seat of Washington County . The population was 29,670 at the 2020 Census . This area was occupied by indigenous peoples for thousands of years. When the French explored here, they encountered the historic Natchez people . As part of their colony known as La Louisiane , the French established a settlement at what became Natchez, Mississippi . Other Native American tribes also lived in what

675-703: The Mississippi River as part of the Army′s United States Ram Fleet under Lieutenant Colonel Charles Ellet, Jr. She was commissioned at Pittsburgh with Captain R. W. Sanford in command. After fitting out at New Albany , Indiana , Monarch began active duty with the Ram Fleet. Steaming downriver in May 1862, she scouted Fort Pillow , Tennessee , in June 1862 and joined her sister ship ,

720-581: The Tennessee Valley . With the fall of Vicksburg in July 1863 and the collapse of Confederate naval forces on the western rivers, Monarch ′s mission was accomplished. She was laid up on the Mississippi River below St. Louis , Missouri , after July 1863 and was dropped from the naval list in 1864, but remained in reserve, ready for recall to active service. She was sunk by ice in December 1864, but

765-516: The census of 2000, there were 41,633 people, 18,784 households, and 14,422 families living in the city. The population density was 1,548.8 inhabitants per square mile (598.0/km ). There were 16,251 housing units at an average density of 604.6 per square mile (233.4/km ). The racial makeup of the city was 28.92% White , 69.60% Black , 0.07% Native American , 0.71% Asian , 0.01% Pacific Islander , 0.20% from other races , and 0.49% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 0.71% of

810-411: The steamer Paul Jones and to hinder communications with Vicksburg. Later that year, Monarch swept naval mines in the Yazoo. Monarch joined 11 other ships in the expedition to capture Fort Hindman , Arkansas, 4 January 1863, a point that Rear Admiral David Dixon Porter noted as "a tough nut to crack." Joining efforts with Major General William Tecumseh Sherman 's troops on 9 January 1863,

855-484: The "tow" of barges, which are lashed together with steel cables usually 1 to 1.5 in (25.4 to 38.1 mm) in diameter. The term towboat arises from steamboat days, when steamboat fortunes began to decline and to survive, steamboats began to "tow" wooden barges alongside to earn additional revenue. Eventually, the railroad expansion following the American Civil War ended the steamboat era. During

900-490: The 1940s and 1950s to the flourishing club scene to hear Delta blues , big band , jump blues and jazz . Record companies came to Greenville to recruit talent. It was similar to Beale Street in mid-20th century Memphis . In the early 21st century, the Mississippi Blues Commission was established to commemorate this music in the state's history and culture. It has identified sites throughout

945-496: The 19th century, towboats were used to push showboats , which lacked steam engines to free up space for a theater. The Binnenvaartmuseum ('Inland Shipping Museum') in Dordrecht , South Holland , Netherlands is centered around René Siegfried , a River Rhine pusher boat which was built in 1963 and decommissioned in 1989. The W. P. Snyder Jr. , also known as W. H. Clingerman, W. P. Snyder Jr. State Memorial, or J. L. Perry,

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990-577: The 9th century. The people in this region were influenced by the larger Mississippian culture , which built similar ceremonial sites throughout the Mississippi Valley and its tributaries. The historic Natchez people are considered the only contemporary surviving group of the Mississippian culture at the time of European exploration. The Winterville Mounds has been designated as a state park and National Historic Landmark . A museum on

1035-597: The Delta as part of the Mississippi Blues Trail . Southern Whispers Restaurant on Nelson Street in Greenville was the second site identified on this trail; this was a stop on the Chitlin' Circuit in the early days of the blues. The historic marker in front of the restaurant commemorates its importance in the history of the blues in Mississippi. In 2020 the city ordered churches to shut down to prevent

1080-642: The Greenwood–Greenville rail line for freight traffic. North of Greenville, the Great River Railroad 's line to Rosedale branches off. Circa 2008 there were ten grocery stores operated by ethnic Chinese people . There were 42 such stores in the city in 1951, but since then there had been a flight of ethnic Chinese from the Delta. Most of Greenville is served by the Greenville Public School District , while

1125-447: The U.S. Highway 82 bypass is being constructed to provide a transportation route at the southern end of the Delta, connecting at the new Mississippi River Bridge and ending near Leland. The four-lane Greenville Bridge , a $ 206 million cable-stayed span crossing the Mississippi River into Arkansas , opened in 2010, replacing the two-lane Benjamin G. Humphreys Bridge , which opened in 1940. The Columbus and Greenville Railway operates

1170-515: The Union ships fought in the Battle of Arkansas Post and shared in the capture of Fort Hindman on 11 January. In February 1863, Monarch steamed up the Yazoo to Greenville , Mississippi, to relieve Commander Prichett, controlling guerilla activity. In April 1863, she joined the rams USS  Fulton , USS  Lioness , and USS  T. D. Horner in supporting Colonel Ellet's marine brigade in

1215-481: The United States, south of the Chain of Rocks Lock across from St. Louis on the Mississippi River , the river is open with no locks or impediments other than channel size and depth. Larger boats can run this segment of the river with the maximum tow size of 42 barges southbound and 40+ northbound. A typical River tow might be 35 to 42 barges, each about 200 feet (61 m) long by 35 feet (11 m) wide, configured in

1260-404: The average family size was 3.34. In the city, the population was spread out, with 31.4% under the age of 18, 10.1% from 18 to 24, 26.3% from 25 to 44, 20.5% from 45 to 64, and 11.8% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 32 years. For every 100 females, there were 85.4 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 77.5 males. The median income for a household in the city

1305-773: The battle, Monarch rammed the cottonclad rams CSS Colonel Lovell and General Beauregard . The Union forces took Memphis , Tennessee, on 6 June 1862, clearing the upper Mississippi River of Confederate forts and naval craft. On 26 June 1862, Monarch and the ram USS  Lancaster pursued General Earl Van Dorn down the Mississippi and up the Yazoo River , the Confederates burning General Earl Van Dorn below Yazoo City , Mississippi , to prevent her capture. Beginning in June 1862, Monarch operated against Vicksburg , Mississippi. Monarch and five other ships departed Helena , Arkansas , on 16 August 1862 on

1350-747: The bow for pushing barges of various heights. These boats usually operate on rivers and inland waterways . Multiple barges lashed together, or a boat and any barges lashed to it, are referred to as a "tow" and can have dozens of barges. Many of these vessels, especially the long distance, or long haul boats, include living quarters for the crew. Towboat engine outputs range from less than 600 horsepower (447 kW) up to 11,100 horsepower (8,277 kW). Most towboats are from 35 to 200 feet (11 to 61 m) long, and 21 to 56 feet (6.4 to 17.1 m) wide. Smaller boats are used in harbors , fleeting areas and around locks while larger boats operate in "line-haul" operations over long distances and between major ports. In

1395-432: The city was 59.41% (26,867) Black or African American , 39.54% (17,881) White , 0.08% (37) Native American , 0.41% (185) Asian , and 0.01% (4) from other races . 0.56% (252) were Hispanic or Latino of any race. Greenville Mid Delta Regional Airport , located in unincorporated Washington County , northeast of downtown Greenville, serves the city and the Mississippi Delta region. Commercial passenger air service

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1440-411: The county was named. This Greenville was thriving hamlet in the antebellum years, as cotton plantations developed in the area generated high profits for major planters. They used indentured Whites, captured Indians and African slaves as farmhands on the plantations. Washington County's two previous county seats, New Mexico and Princeton , were located along the Mississippi River and had been eroded by

1485-463: The government to make treaties to extinguish Native American land claims in exchange for lands west of the Mississippi River. They forced most of the Southeastern tribes to Indian Territory during the following decade. After it became necessary to move the county seat of Washington County in 1844 due to loss of land to the newly formed Issaquena County, the not-yet established second Greenville

1530-473: The grounds displays artifacts recovered in professional excavations and adds to the interpretation of this complex, and the park has walking trails. It is located about 3 miles north of the city. It can be reached at 2415 Highway 1 N. The movies Crossroads (1986) and The Reivers (1969) were filmed in Greenville. Also, the 1975 song " Mississippi " by the Dutch band Pussycat mentions Greenville throughout

1575-411: The population. There were 14,784 households, out of which 35.8% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 37.8% were married couples living together, 27.7% had a female householder with no husband present, and 29.5% were non-families. Of all households, 25.8% were made up of individuals, and 10.4% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.77 and

1620-581: The second Greenville except that they eventually shared a name. Many migrants came to the area of the future, second Greenville, located approximately 150 miles north of the first Greenville, from the eastern and Upper South states, seeking land for developing cotton plantations, and this area became a trading center for the region's plantations. In 1830 the United States Congress passed the Indian Removal Act , which authorized

1665-726: The sidewheel paddle steamer USS  Queen of the West , and the ironclad gunboats USS  Benton , USS  Cairo , USS  Carondelet , USS  Louisville , and USS  St. Louis in the Battle of Memphis on 6 June 1862. Engaging the Confederate River Defense Fleet, the rams destroyed seven of the Confederate ships, wiping out the Defense Fleet as an effective naval force. During

1710-485: The spread of COVID-19 and issued citations and fines to those attending a drive-in church gathering. The U.S. Justice Department intervened on behalf of the church. Greenville is located on the eastern bank of Lake Ferguson, an oxbow lake left from an old channel of the Mississippi River . One floating casino is located on the lake near the downtown area known as the Trop Casino Greenville, with

1755-606: The waters, to the point that they were destroyed. As county seat, Greenville was the trading, business, and cultural center for the large cotton plantations that surrounded it. Most plantations were located directly on the Mississippi and other major navigable tributaries. The interior bottomlands were not developed until after the Civil War. The town (the second Greenville, eventually also referred to as Old Greenville by its residents who may not have been familiar with Mississippi's first Greenville, which by then had disappeared)

1800-429: Was $ 25,928, and the median income for a family was $ 30,788. Males had a median income of $ 29,801 versus $ 20,707 for females. The per capita income for the city was $ 13,992. About 25.7% of families and 29.6% of the population were below the poverty line , including 38.2% of those under age 18 and 23.6% of those age 65 or over. As of the census of 1990 , there were 45,226 people living in the city. The racial makeup of

1845-401: Was called the " Mother of Greenville ". Major Richard O’Hea, who had planned the wartime defense fortifications at Vicksburg, was hired to lay out the new town. Greenville recovered prosperity, still based on cotton, despite the decline in world markets for this commodity. In the early 20th century, its elite families had considerable political influence in the state, and US Senator Leroy Percy

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1890-423: Was designated to be the future county seat and finally became so upon its founding in 1847. American William W. Blanton filed for land from the United States government and was granted section four, township eighteen, range eight west; this plot now constitutes most of current downtown Greenville (the third). It was named by its founders for General Nathanael Greene , friend of President George Washington , for whom

1935-484: Was destroyed during the Union Army's actions related to the siege of Vicksburg . Troops from a Union gunboat landed at Greenville. In retaliation for being fired upon, they burned every building. The inhabitants took refuge in plantation homes of the area. When the war ended, veterans of Mississippi regiments returned to find Greenville in a state of ruin. The former residents soon decided to build again. They chose

1980-502: Was from here. Several residences and other buildings from the late 19th and early 20th centuries have been listed on the National Register of Historic Places . It was a center of Delta culture in the early 20th century. This city adapted the former site to serve as industrial fill . African Americans in the Delta developed rich varieties of innovative music. Nelson Street is a historic strip of blues clubs that drew crowds in

2025-449: Was refloated and taken to Mound City , Illinois , for dismantling in July 1865. Towboat A pusher , pusher craft , pusher boat , pusher tug , or towboat , is a boat designed for pushing barges or car floats . In the United States, the industries that use these vessels refer to them as towboats . These vessels are characterized by a square bow, a shallow draft, and typically have knees, which are large plates mounted to

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