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34-953: At the beginning of 2020, Ventspils had a population of 33,906. It is situated on the Venta River and the Baltic Sea , and has an ice-free port . The city's name literally means " castle on the Venta", referring to the Livonian Order's castle built alongside the Venta River. Ventspils was historically known as Windau in German . It had a Russian name from the time of the Russian Empire , called Виндава (Vindava) or Виндау (Vindau), although Вентспилс (Ventspils) has been used since World War II. Some other names for

68-476: A few programs, most notably the Chinese government's one-child per family policy, have resorted to coercive measures. In the 1970s, tension grew between population control advocates and women's health activists who advanced women's reproductive rights as part of a human rights -based approach. Growing opposition to the narrow population control focus led to a significant change in population control policies in

102-399: A multi-national (United States, United Kingdom, Poland, Sweden, Russia, Latvia, Denmark, Finland, Norway) naval exercise called Baltic Operations XXXIII (BALTOPS) . The force was led by the guided missile cruiser USS Anzio and the destroyer USS  Cole . The US vessels were the first American warships to visit the port of Ventspils since Latvian independence was declared. Ventspils

136-519: A river in Latvia is a stub . You can help Misplaced Pages by expanding it . Population Population is the term typically used to refer to the number of people in a single area. Governments conduct a census to quantify the size of a resident population within a given jurisdiction. The term is also applied to non-human animals , microorganisms , and plants , and has specific uses within such fields as ecology and genetics . The word population

170-489: Is a river in north-western Lithuania and western Latvia . Its source is near Kuršėnai in the Lithuanian Šiauliai County . It flows into the Baltic Sea at Ventspils in Latvia. On the territory of Lithuania along the Venta are cities Užventis , Kuršėnai , Venta , Viekšniai and Mažeikiai . In Latvia, the cities of Skrunda , Kuldīga , Piltene and Ventspils are located on the Venta river. Venta Rapid ,

204-913: Is also known therefore as a gamodeme. This also implies that all members belong to the same species. If the gamodeme is very large (theoretically, approaching infinity), and all gene alleles are uniformly distributed by the gametes within it, the gamodeme is said to be panmictic. Under this state, allele ( gamete ) frequencies can be converted to genotype ( zygote ) frequencies by expanding an appropriate quadratic equation , as shown by Sir Ronald Fisher in his establishment of quantitative genetics. This seldom occurs in nature: localization of gamete exchange – through dispersal limitations, preferential mating, cataclysm, or other cause – may lead to small actual gamodemes which exchange gametes reasonably uniformly within themselves but are virtually separated from their neighboring gamodemes. However, there may be low frequencies of exchange with these neighbors. This may be viewed as

238-538: Is derived from the Late Latin populatio (a people, a multitude), which itself is derived from the Latin word populus (a people). In sociology and population geography , population refers to a group of human beings with some predefined feature in common, such as location, race , ethnicity , nationality , or religion . In ecology , a population is a group of organisms of the same species which inhabit

272-802: Is in the transition zone between an oceanic climate and a humid continental climate ( Cfb and Dfb in the Köppen climate classification ) with winters just below freezing point and warm summers. Ventspils holds the national record for the highest temperature ever recorded in Latvia with 37.8 °C (100.0 °F) on 4 August 2014. At the beginning of 2017, Ventspils had an official population of 39,447 (54.3% of them were women compared with 45.7% men). 63% of Ventspils population (24,762 people) are 15–62 years old, 14.3% (5,647 people) are 0–14 years old, and 22.6% (8,877 people) are 62 years and over. Population of Ventspils according to ethnic group : Institutions of higher education and science include: Ventspils

306-609: Is not even known to the nearest million, so there is a considerable margin of error in such estimates. Researcher Carl Haub calculated that a total of over 100 billion people have probably been born in the last 2000 years. Population growth increased significantly as the Industrial Revolution gathered pace from 1700 onwards. The last 50 years have seen a yet more rapid increase in the rate of population growth due to medical advances and substantial increases in agricultural productivity, particularly beginning in

340-611: Is often referred to as the demographic transition . Human population planning is the practice of altering the rate of growth of a human population. Historically, human population control has been implemented with the goal of limiting the rate of population growth. In the period from the 1950s to the 1980s, concerns about global population growth and its effects on poverty, environmental degradation , and political stability led to efforts to reduce population growth rates. While population control can involve measures that improve people's lives by giving them greater control of their reproduction,

374-456: Is situated at the mouth of the Venta River , where it empties into the Baltic Sea , and is an important ice-free port . Large amounts of oil and other mineral resources from Russia are loaded aboard ships at Ventspils. Ventspils Airport , one of the three international airports in Latvia, is located in the city. Ventspils High Technology Park provides infrastructure and services to IT and electronics companies. Every winter Ventspils hosts

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408-615: Is the Ventspils House of the Crafts (2007). The International Writers’ and Translators’ House (2006) was opened on the premises of the former City Hall (1850), on the City-Hall Square. The building is reconstructed to accommodate creative work and everyday needs of its writers. Located next to it are the recently renovated Ventspils Central Library (2006) and Evangelic-Lutheran Church of Nicholas (1835). The City-Hall Square,

442-506: Is the ex-Soviet radioastronomy installation VIRAC ( Ventspils Starptautiskais radioastronomijas centrs or Ventspils International Radio Astronomy Centre ). The existence of the Centrs was unknown to most Latvians until 1994. After independence, the Latvian government began a city-beautification process to make the city more attractive to tourists. In 2004, Ventspils was a host city for

476-715: Is very likely that the world's population will stop growing before the end of the 21st century. Further, there is some likelihood that population will actually decline before 2100. Population has already declined in the last decade or two in Eastern Europe, the Baltics and in the former Commonwealth of Independent States. The population pattern of less-developed regions of the world in recent years has been marked by gradually declining birth rates. These followed an earlier sharp reduction in death rates. This transition from high birth and death rates to low birth and death rates

510-569: The 1960s, made by the Green Revolution . In 2017 the United Nations Population Division projected that the world's population would reach about 9.8 billion in 2050 and 11.2 billion in 2100. In the future, the world's population is expected to peak at some point, after which it will decline due to economic reasons, health concerns, land exhaustion and environmental hazards. According to one report, it

544-520: The 30 kilometre Uogys which joins the Venta less than 1 km upstream of the Avižlys at Akmenė district municipality , Šiauliai County , northern Lithuania. 57°23′44″N 21°32′40″E  /  57.39556°N 21.54444°E  / 57.39556; 21.54444 This article related to a river in Lithuania is a stub . You can help Misplaced Pages by expanding it . This article related to

578-644: The Market Square and the Ostas Street Promenade are popular walking places. CowParade in Ventspils took place in 2002, and now several cow sculptures reside in the city: There are also three considerably larger cows: Ventspils is twinned with: Venta River The Venta (Latvian pronunciation [ˈvænta] , Lithuanian [venˈta] , German : Windau , Polish : Windawa , Livonian Vǟnta joug )

612-496: The United States Census Bureau, the world population hit 6.5 billion on 24 February 2006. The United Nations Population Fund designated 12 October 1999 as the approximate day on which world population reached 6 billion. This was about 12 years after the world population reached 5 billion in 1987, and six years after the world population reached 5.5 billion in 1993. The population of countries such as Nigeria

646-608: The awarding ceremony of the Latvian Radio broadcast Musical Bank and the televised national selection for the Eurovision Song Contest. On the second weekend of July the Sea Festival takes place, and on the first weekend of August there is an annual city festival for the city birthday. Festivals Ghetto games and Vakara pastaiga are popular. There are several institutions taking responsibility for

680-480: The breaking up of a large sexual population (panmictic) into smaller overlapping sexual populations. This failure of panmixia leads to two important changes in overall population structure: (1) the component gamodemes vary (through gamete sampling) in their allele frequencies when compared with each other and with the theoretical panmictic original (this is known as dispersion, and its details can be estimated using expansion of an appropriate binomial equation ); and (2)

714-614: The city include Livonian : Vǟnta , Estonian : Vindavi, and Polish : Windawa . Ventspils developed around the Livonian Order Ventspils Castle , built along the Venta River . It was chartered in 1314 and became an important mercantile city of the Hanseatic League . As part of the Duchy of Courland , Ventspils blossomed as a shipbuilding centre. 44 warships and 79 trading ships were built in

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748-478: The control of Russian Empire . It was not until about 1850 that shipbuilding and trade became important again. The port was modernized in the 1890s and connected to Moscow by rail. It became one of Imperial Russia's most profitable ports, by 1913 turning a yearly profit of 130 million rubles. The population soared as well, growing from 7,000 in 1897, to 29,000 in 1913. During the German occupation from 1915 to 1919,

782-549: The cultural life of Ventspils, including: Ventspils has a well developed sports infrastructure. One of the most popular sporting facility in Ventspils is the Olympic Centre 'Ventspils' offering a basketball hall, ice hall, track-and-field arena, and football stadiums. One can also enjoy the Water Adventure Park , Seaside Aqua-Park , and Adventure Park that turns into a Skiing Hill 'Lemberga hūte during

816-463: The level of homozygosity rises in the entire collection of gamodemes. The overall rise in homozygosity is quantified by the inbreeding coefficient (f or φ). All homozygotes are increased in frequency – both the deleterious and the desirable. The mean phenotype of the gamodemes collection is lower than that of the panmictic original – which is known as inbreeding depression. It is most important to note, however, that some dispersion lines will be superior to

850-418: The panmictic original, while some will be about the same, and some will be inferior. The probabilities of each can be estimated from those binomial equations. In plant and animal breeding , procedures have been developed which deliberately utilize the effects of dispersion (such as line breeding, pure-line breeding, backcrossing). Dispersion-assisted selection leads to the greatest genetic advance (ΔG=change in

884-771: The phenotypic mean), and is much more powerful than selection acting without attendant dispersion. This is so for both allogamous (random fertilization) and autogamous (self-fertilization) gamodemes. According to the UN, the world's population surpassed 8 billion on 15 November 2022, an increase of 1 billion since 12 March 2012. According to a separate estimate by the United Nations, Earth's population exceeded seven billion in October 2011. According to UNFPA , growth to such an extent offers unprecedented challenges and opportunities to all of humanity. According to papers published by

918-634: The population decreased almost by half, though some returned home during the First Republic of Latvia (1918–1940). In 1939, the Red Army established a base in Ventspils. During World War II , the city was under Soviet occupation from 1940, and then under German occupation from 1941 to 1944. Under Soviet rule, an oil pipeline was built to Ventspils, and became the USSR's leading port in crude oil export. Thirty kilometres (19 miles) north of Ventspils

952-471: The population of a certain species in a certain area can be estimated using the Lincoln index to calculate the total population of an area based on the number of individuals observed. In genetics, a population is often defined as a set of organisms in which any pair of members can breed together. They can thus routinely exchange gametes in order to have usually fertile progeny, and such a breeding group

986-410: The same geographical area and are capable of interbreeding . The area of a sexual population is the area where interbreeding is possible between any opposite-sex pair within the area and more probable than cross-breeding with individuals from other areas. In humans , interbreeding is unrestricted by racial differences, as all humans belong to the same species of Homo sapiens. In ecology,

1020-406: The summer. In the winter you can skiing, snowboarding and sledding. There is also a rodeo track (Latvian: Rodeļu trase) which is available to use all year round Ventspils has a 600 mm ( 1 ft  11 + 5 ⁄ 8  in ) narrow gauge train; a beach and dunes and an observatory with a telescope and digital planetarium. Ventspils developed rapidly as a commercial harbour in

1054-672: The town, and it was from Ventspils that the Duke's fleet set out to colonize Gambia and Tobago . Metal, amber, and wood-working shops also became important to the city's development. During the Polish-Swedish War and the Great Northern War , Ventspils was destroyed, and in 1711 a plague wiped out most of the remaining inhabitants. After the Third Partition of Poland-Lithuania in 1795 Ventspils fell under

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1088-773: The widest waterfall in Europe, is on Venta river in Kuldīga , Latvia. The river has only one tributary longer than 100 km, the Abava . Other major tributaries include the Virvyčia (99.7 km) and the Varduva (96 km), which flows into the Venta at the Latvia–Lithuania border . Smaller tributaries include the Avižlys , which runs for 20 kilometers and flows into the Venta River and

1122-862: The winter. The city has a basketball team that has won the Latvian championship in the last several years. In the 2001/2002 season, the team took third place in the North European Basketball League (NEBL). Ventspils also has a football team in FK Ventspils who compete in the Virsliga . In the 2006 season the team has won the Latvian championship for the first time. Ventspils has an Adventure Park (Latvian: Piedzīvojumu parks) that consists of Tube Sliding Track, Airsoft Shooting Range, Bumper boats, Trampoline Complex, Trampoline with Rubber Ribbons, Mad Rotor, Catapult, Trampoline boat, Playhouse for children, Inflatable Attractions in

1156-432: The years of growth of Duchy of Courland and Semigallia. The most active building works took place in the vicinity of the present Market Square where a number of former storehouses from the 17th century are preserved. A dwelling house at the crossing of Tirgus and Skolas Streets is one of the oldest houses of such type in Latvia (built in 1646). Next to the Market Square, in a historical school building on Skolas street, there

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