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80-532: The Volvo XC90 is a mid-size luxury SUV manufactured and marketed by Volvo Cars since 2002 and now in its second generation. The first generation was introduced at the 2002 North American International Auto Show and used the Volvo P2 platform shared with the first generation Volvo S80 and other large Volvo cars. It was manufactured at Volvo's Torslandaverken in Sweden . Volvo moved production equipment of

160-417: A plug-in hybrid which combines the more powerful petrol engine at the front with an electric motor at the rear to produce 400 hp (298 kW; 406 PS) and 640 N⋅m (472 lb⋅ft) of torque. The First Edition of the all-new Volvo XC90, was 1,927 individually numbered cars only available for sale via digital commerce, and sold out in 47 hours after orders opened on 3 September 2014. All 1,927 of

240-469: A 9" tablet -like touch screen control console along with steering wheel controls and voice-control system, all linked to an interface, marketed as Sensus, which allows for access to cloud-based apps including Internet radio , connected navigation , parking, music streaming, Apple CarPlay and Android Auto , and a Wi-Fi hot spot for using a tablet in the car. Other features include a gear lever made of Orrefors crystal as well as diamond-cut controls for

320-597: A GM-sourced, Volvo-modified four-speed 4T65EV/GT automatic. While the 2.5T came standard with front-wheel drive , a Haldex Traction all-wheel drive (AWD) system was optional. The T6 was offered only with the AWD system. A Yamaha V8 engine was added in 2005. This 4.4-litre Volvo B8444S engine produces 232 kW (315 PS; 311 hp) and 325 lb⋅ft (441 N⋅m) of torque. Volvo sold just over 40,000 XC90 units in North America that year. The XC90 won

400-560: A base price of US$ 40,395 for a front-wheel drive base model. For the 2014 model year the base price is US$ 39,700 . In 2001 Volvo became the main sponsor of an around-the-world sailing race, now called the Volvo Ocean Race . The 2005 edition was the first in which all competitors used the same boat known as the Volvo Open 70 , a 21.5 m (71 ft) racing yacht made for a crew of 10+ and to be robust enough to survive

480-492: A globe-circling regatta , which would be called the 'Whitbread Round the World Yacht Race'. 17 yachts and 167 crew started the first race of 27,500 nmi (50,900 km), which began from Portsmouth , United Kingdom on 8 September 1973. Approximately 3000 spectator boats set out to witness the historic start. The first race was won by Mexican amateur Ramon Carlin in a Swan 65 yacht, Sayula II . Sayula II

560-474: A large car, and is considered equivalent to the European E-segment and American full-size classifications. Executive cars are larger than compact executive cars (and the non-luxury equivalent mid-size cars ), but smaller than luxury saloons / full-size luxury sedans . The term has also been adopted by Euro NCAP , a European organization founded to test car safety. The term was coined in

640-535: A new, larger, circular Volvo logo appeared on the front grille. For MY 2012, new LED tail-lights became available on certain models, although entry-level models retain the previous style. For MY 2013, the XC90 received a cosmetic refresh that included standard LED daytime running lights and taillights, and exterior revisions including body colour bumpers, rocker panels and silver trim replacing black plastic trim. The refreshed model went on sale during late spring 2012 with

720-494: A semi-autonomous drive technology, Pilot Assist II as standard on the XC90 in selected markets for the 2017 model year. The Volvo brand has also made the claim that "By 2020, nobody shall be seriously injured or killed in a new Volvo." Euro NCAP tested a 2015 XC90 (model year 2016), 5-door SUV with standard equipment. Euro NCAP regards the XC90 model as a "best in class" performer. NHTSA only recorded for rollover . The Insurance Institute for Highway Safety also crash-tested

800-446: A stronger platform offering weight reduction while improving safety and efficiency. The vehicle is longer, wider and lower than its predecessor. All engines in the XC90 are 2.0-litre four-cylinder Drive-E powertrains with Volvo's eight-speed Geartronic transmission, delivered by Aisin . The line-up include two petrol engines: a twincharged 320 hp (239 kW; 324 PS) T6, producing 400 N⋅m (295 lb⋅ft) of torque and

880-706: A teaser image showing the frontal styling of the production version, named the XC90. Notable as Volvo's first SUV model, the styling of the XC90 recalled the concept. In January 2002, the full XC90 unveiling occurred, at the North American International Auto Show. Production began in August 2002, after Volvo's traditional mid-year shutdown, with the first XC90s coming out of the Torslanda factory in Sweden. At its North American launch for

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960-518: A time on some of the legs. Since the 2008–2009 race there has also been a dedicated media crew member called the On Board Reporter (OBR), who does not contribute to the sailing of the boat, but is responsible for sending images and video to race headquarters via satellite from the middle of the ocean. In the 2017–2018 race , the number of crew ranged between 7 and 10 (plus the OBR) depending on

1040-472: A turbocharged 254 hp (189 kW; 258 PS) T5, producing 350 N⋅m (258 lb⋅ft) of torque, two diesel engines: a twin turbo 235 hp (175 kW; 238 PS) D5, producing 470 N⋅m (347 lb⋅ft) of torque and a turbocharged 190 hp (142 kW; 193 PS) D4, producing 400 N⋅m (295 lb⋅ft) of torque. The top-of-the-line model is the XC90 T8 Twin Engine,

1120-549: Is " Obere Mittelklasse " (lit. upper-middle class) as defined by the German federal authorities. Luxury cars larger than this are referred to as Oberklasse ("upper class"). Mercedes-Benz has produced large luxury cars since the early 1900s. Following World War II, Mercedes Benz's first all-new models were the Mercedes-Benz W120 executive cars. This lineage continues through to the present and has been marketed as

1200-435: Is available in five trim levels (Volvo describing it as "expressions"), namely Kinetic (base trim level), Momentum, Inscription (a more luxurious trim), R-design (a sportier trim) and Excellence (ultra-luxury). The Second Generation Volvo XC90 SUV feature ( IntelliSafe ), including Run-off-road protection package and Auto brake at intersection. The Volvo XC90 safety systems include: A lane departure warning system includes

1280-487: Is gathered and digitally integrated in a central processor to form a 360-degree image. The rear sensing system, marketed as Park Assist Pilot , offers automatic reversing into a parking bay. The 2nd generation XC90 was the first Volvo to carry the company's new, more prominent iron mark, which has the iconic arrow aligned with the diagonal metallic slash across the grille, along with T-shaped LED daytime running lights known as " Thor's Hammer " by Volvo designers. The car

1360-456: Is the longest route in its history. Early races had a very wide range of boat types, but concerns after the 1989–1990 race led to the development of the Whitbread 60 single design. This was a reaction to increasing costs of the biggest, "maxi", boats, and their advantage over the rest of the field – Steinlager 2 won every leg in the maxi division and was the winner overall, with many of

1440-759: The Chrysler 300 was marketed in Europe as the Lancia Thema. Maserati's first executive is the Maserati Ghibli , which has been in production since 2013. Toyota has been producing large luxury cars since the 1955 Crown was released. The Crown remains in production today and is currently in its fifteenth generation. In 1991, the Crown-derived Aristo began production, and from 1993 until 2020 were marketed under Toyota's luxury sub-brand as

1520-817: The Ford Scorpio was released, being sold in the U.K. as a Ford Granada until 1994. Vauxhall entered the executive car market with the 1978 Vauxhall Carlton and related Vauxhall Royale/Senator , which were based on the Opel Rekord E. In 1986, the Vauxhall Carlton Mark II switched to the German-built Opel Omega A, which was replaced in 1994 by the Vauxhall Omega (a rebadged version of the Opel Omega B). In

1600-521: The Honda Legend and had a front-wheel drive layout. In 1999, the 800 series was replaced by the Rover 75 , which was produced until 2005. The 75 straddled the executive and compact executive categories due to its size, although a long wheelbase version was available. The first executive car to be badged a Triumph was the 1946–1954 Triumph 1800/2000/Renown versions. Triumph's next and final entry to

1680-621: The IMOCA 60 . Though the route changes to accommodate various ports of call, the race typically departs Europe in October, and in recent editions has had either 9 or 10 legs, with in-port races at many of the stopover cities. The 2008–09 race started in Alicante , Spain, on October 11, 2008. The route for the 2008–2009 race was altered from previous years to include stopovers in India and Asia for

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1760-791: The Lancia Lambda , Lancia Artena , and Lancia Aprilia . The Lancia Flavia was an executive car that began production in 1961 and was replaced by the Lancia 2000 in 1971. The 2000 was replaced by the Lancia Gamma , which was released in 1976. In 1984, the Gamma was replaced by the Lancia Thema , then the Lancia Kappa in 1994. The Lancia Thesis , produced from 2001-2009 is the last executive car produced by Lancia. From 2011–2015,

1840-587: The Lexus GS . Nissan's longest-running executive car began production in 1959 as the Prince Gloria , which was later renamed the Nissan Gloria, following the merger of Nissan and Prince. The Gloria was produced for 12 generations until 2004. Another Nissan executive car was the 1960 Cedric , which was produced until 2004 (although a taxi/fleet version remained in production until 2015). The Cedric

1920-631: The Mercedes-Benz E-Class since 1993. The Mercedes-Benz CLS-Class four-door fastback was added to the company's model range in 2004, with a shooting brake body style also produced from 2012-2017. BMW's first large luxury car was the 1936–1941 BMW 326 . After a hiatus of 21 years, BMW's next executive car models were the 1962 New Class Sedans . In 1972, the New Class was replaced by the BMW 5 Series , which remains in production today. Over

2000-583: The North American Car of the Year award and Motor Trend magazine's Sport/Utility of the Year for 2003. Jeremy Clarkson , ex-host of Top Gear , has previously owned three XC90s, and claims they were designed by "someone who must've had children due to its practicality." The XC90 was updated for 2007 with a restyled front and rear and a revised interior. The 235 hp (175 kW; 238 PS) 3.2 L SI6 straight-6 engine replaced

2080-850: The Sentia , which was produced until 1999. The Millenia , also sold as the Xedos 9 and the Eunos 800, was produced from 1993 until 2002. Honda introduced their first executive car, the Legend (sold as the Acura Legend in the United States) in 1985. The Legend was produced until 2012, and then from 2014 until 2021. It is believed that the standard of Korean Executive Cars came from the 3rd generation Hyundai Grandeur model launched in 1998. Previous models, Kia Potentia and Hyundai Grandeur, belonged to

2160-533: The Volvo 760 in 1982 and then the Volvo 960 in 1994. The 960 was renamed the S90 (sedan models) and V90 (wagon models) in 1996. The Volvo S80 was released in 1998, and was replaced in 2016 by a new generation of Volvo S90 / V90 sedans and wagons that presently remain in production. Daimler Company produced luxury cars in various sizes starting in the late 1890s. The lineage that led to their executive cars began with

2240-517: The 1923–1929 Daimler 16 and Daimler 16/55 models, which were followed in 1932 by the Daimler Fifteen . The Fifteen was replaced by the 1937 Daimler New Fifteen and then the 1939 Daimler Consort (originally called the "Daimler 2½ Litre"). The Consort was replaced by the 1953–1958 Daimler Conquest . In 1962, the Daimler 2.5 V8 (later renamed the "Daimler V8-250") was released, based on

2320-506: The 1930s. Peugeot began producing large cars in the early 1900s. Following the Peugeot 601 being discontinued in 1935, Peugeot ceased production of large cars until the Peugeot 604 was introduced in 1975. The 604 was replaced by the Peugeot 605 in 1989, which in turn was replaced by the Peugeot 607 in 1999. Following the end of the 607's production run in 2010, Peugeot no longer produces any executive cars. Citroën's first large car

2400-483: The 1960s to describe cars targeted at successful professionals and middle-to-senior managers. It was used by businesses as an incentive for employees in senior roles and to exploit Britain and Europe's tax schemes as a company owned vehicle. Early executive cars typically offered engines with displacements of 2.0–3.5 L (122–214 cu in), compared with 1.6–2.4 L (98–146 cu in) for an equivalent sized—but less luxurious—"large family car". Prior to

2480-587: The 1990s, executive cars were typically sedans , however in recent years they have also been produced in other body styles, such as estates ( station wagons ), convertibles , coupés , and five-door hatch versions. They typically need to be "comfortable, refined and display some form of driving pleasure" on occasion. In general, executive cars are 4-door saloons , though may include estate , 5-door hatchback or 2-door coupé variants. Rover , Saab , Renault and Citroën formerly have been known to prefer hatchbacks, with Ford also offering alternatives through

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2560-588: The 1990s. Audi , BMW and later Mercedes-AMG have recently offered hatchbacks as separate models for their executive cars since 2010s. One of the first Chinese-built executive cars was the 2006 Roewe 750 , based on the Rover 75 . In 2012, the Roewe 950 was introduced, which is a re-bodied version of the 2010 Buick LaCrosse . In 2020, BYD Han officially goes on sale in China. Several overseas brands have produced long wheelbase versions of cars specifically for

2640-536: The 2003 model year, the XC90 was presented with a choice of two trim levels, the 2.5 T and the T6. The 2.5 T was the entry level version and offered a 2.5-litre B5254T2 "T5" turbocharged inline-five engine, producing 208 hp (155 kW) and 236 lb⋅ft (320 N⋅m) mated to an Aisin co-developed five-speed AW55-50/51 automatic. The T6 offered a 2.9-litre B6294T twin-turbocharged inline-six with 268 hp (200 kW) and 280 lb⋅ft (380 N⋅m) mated to

2720-470: The 2016 model year XC90 T8 energy consumption in all-electric mode at 58 kWh per 100 miles, which translates into a combined city/highway fuel economy of 53 miles per gallon petrol equivalent (MPG-e) (4.4 L/100 km (64 mpg ‑imp ) petrol equivalent). When powered only by the petrol engine, EPA's official combined city/highway fuel economy is 25 mpg ‑US (9.4 L/100 km; 30 mpg ‑imp ). At launch, for

2800-456: The 2016 model year, the XC90 T8 used a 9.2 kWh (33 MJ) lithium-ion battery (6.7 kWh (24 MJ) usable). Over time, Volvo continued to gradually increase the battery size. For the 2018 model year, it was increased to 10.4 kWh (37 MJ) (8.0 kWh (29 MJ) usable); for the 2020 model year, it was increased to 11.6 kWh (42 MJ); and for the 2023 model year, it

2880-572: The 208 hp (155 kW; 211 PS) B524T2 straight-5 in the base model for the US market. The 2007 XC90 debuted in April 2006 at the New York Auto Show . For model year (MY) 2009, the XC90 received a new rear logo, featuring larger lettering with wider spaces between the "VOLVO" letters. In 2010, all XC90 models received painted wheel arches (previously they were optional). In addition,

2960-730: The Chevrolet Impala was launched, but was discontinued. Renault Korea sold the SM7 based on the Nissan Teana from 2004 to 2020. In the Korean market, semi-large cars boast significant sales volume as a symbol of the middle class, and the Hyundai Grandeur ranks high in sales in the Korean automobile market. Currently, the semi-large business sedan models sold in the Korean market include Hyundai Grandeur and Kia K8 , and

3040-522: The Chinese market, due to the preference Chinese owners have for being driven by a chauffeur. Examples include the "XF L" version of the 2016 Jaguar XF (X260) , the "Li" version of the 2017 BMW 5 Series (G30) and other models from Audi, Mercedes-Benz, and Volvo. In France, executive cars are known as " Routière ", a class of comfortable long-distance cars that first emerged on the French market in

3120-649: The Exeo, which is basically a rebadged Audi A4 on the B7 platform, with some minor modifications to the front and rear fascias. Although it was not an E-segment vehicle but a segment D. It remained successful as a company car until 2013. Also, it was used as a police cruiser for the Guardia Civil highway corps. It was available in sedan and station wagon variants. It was the first vehicle from the brand equipped with diesel direct common raíl injection. Saab's first executive car

3200-682: The First Edition models, which could feature either the Petrol T6 or Diesel D5 engine, were finished in Onyx Black and feature 21-inch alloy wheels and include every available vehicle option. The limited production run number represents the year the Swedish brand was launched, with each model fitted with uniquely numbered tread plates and a distinctive rear mounted badge, with customers able to select their XC90 First Edition numbers. Number 1

3280-671: The Jaguar Mark 2. In 1966, the Daimler Sovereign was introduced, based on the Jaguar 420. The Sovereign and V8-250 were produced alongside each other until they both ended production in 1969. Jaguar began production of executive cars in 1935 with the first of the Jaguar Mark IV models. These were replaced by the 1948–1951 Jaguar Mark V . The Mark V's successor increased in size to the full-size luxury car segment, so

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3360-494: The R series. In the XC90 Sport, the engine was rated at the same power as in the non-Sport XC90s, but the suspension was markedly stiffer due to different shocks and added roll bars, giving it considerably less body roll in curves. Also, the power steering was tweaked to provide a more direct feel at higher speeds. Furthermore, it borrowed the blue background for the odometer in the dash and got 5-spoke Vulcanis rims. The Sport

3440-620: The Swedish Torslanda Plant between 7 June 2004, and 13 May 2005. The recall only applies to cars in the US and Canada. There have been no reports of short circuiting in the vehicles. In May 2012 Volvo announced that the second generation XC90 would go into production in late 2014, unveiled to the public in Stockholm on August 26, 2014, with orders being taken in 2014 and the vehicle officially going on sale in 2015. The SUV would be sold in Europe, Asia and North America, with

3520-529: The United States expected to account for at least a third of global sales. Volvo had begun development of a second generation XC90 using Ford's EUCD platform under the codename Y305, but was cancelled in 2008 as Ford wouldn't have enough funds to also facelift the rest of the Volvo lineup. The XC90 is based on Volvo's new platform, marketed as Scalable Product Architecture (SPA) technology which features

3600-525: The United States, executive cars are referred to as full-sized cars. The first executive car produced by a Vietnamese company is the VinFast LUX A2.0 , which debuted at the 2018 Paris Motor Show. Production started in 2019 and it achieved success in the Vietnamese domestic car market. The Ocean Race Each of the entries has a sailing crew who race day and night for more than 20 days at

3680-488: The XC90 T8 sacrifices no passenger or cargo space to accommodate the hybrid equipment. However, the tank capacity was reduced to 50 litres (13.2 US gal; 11.0 imp gal) for 2016-2018 models and the spare tire was removed. The vehicle emits 49 g/km of CO 2 and has an all-electric range of 43 km (27 mi) under the New European Driving Cycle . Normal driving is conducted in

3760-551: The XC90, and presented the following results: With over 50,000 vehicles sold in the UK by 2018, no driver or passenger fatality had been recorded. The T8 plug-in hybrid version of the XC90 is based on technology used in the Volvo V60 PHEV . The batteries, which are situated at the centre of the vehicle, can be charged using an electric vehicle charger and can also store energy recovered by regenerative braking . Volvo says that

3840-697: The brand was dissolved in 1967. Rover entered the executive car market in 1948 with the Rover P3 . The P3 was replaced by the Rover P4 in 1949, which was produced until 1964. The 1963 Rover P6 was the next executive car produced by Rover, which was replaced by the Rover SD1 in 1976 (marketed as the Standard 2000 in India). The SD1 was replaced by the 1986 Rover 800 series , which was a jointly developed with

3920-452: The centre seat in the second row and reduces capacity to six people, became optional on the Volvo XC90 in 2019 for the 2020 model year. Volvo Cars' air purification system has been improved by adding a new carbon filter for more efficient capture of small, particles and pollen in the incoming air. The second generation XC90 offers a 360-degree view system capable of providing the driver with a birds-eye view, whereby information from all cameras

4000-437: The centre seat is available. The Volvo XC90 seats five people in two rows of seating or seven people in three rows of seating. The five-seat layout version of the XC90 was discontinued after the 2017 model year, as third-row seating was made standard on all Volvo XC90s regardless of trim level and powertrain choice (with the exception of the Excellence Trim level) from the 2018 model year. Second-row captain chairs, which eliminates

4080-437: The default hybrid mode, but the driver can switch to a mode that uses only electric power, with zero emission driving. Under the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) tests, at launch, the XC90 T8 had an all-electric range of 14 miles (23 km), with some petrol consumption (0.1 gal/100 mi), so the actual all-electric range was rated between 0 to 13 miles (0 to 21 km). The EPA, under its five-cycle tests, rated

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4160-429: The electric-only EX90 was introduced as the successor of the XC90. However, in September 2024, Volvo launched the second facelift of XC90, and stated that they would both be sold together for the foreseeable future. In January 2001, Volvo débuted its Adventure Concept Car at the North American International Auto Show , to gauge reaction to the styling and features of its upcoming SUV. In November 2001, Volvo released

4240-492: The engine and other ancillaries during a frontal impact. The XC90's roof is reinforced with ultra-high-strength steel to help prevent a collapse in the passenger cavity in the event of a roll-over . This Volvo system is marketed as ROPS , and is closely associated with the Roll Stability Control (RSC), electronic stability control (DSTC), and SIPS systems of Volvo to prevent and ultimately minimise accident forces. The National Highway Traffic Safety Administration measures

4320-403: The executive car market was the 1963–1977 Triumph 2000 , which was a sales success in Britain. Ford Europe's first executive car was the 1950 Ford Zephyr . The Zephyr— and related Consul, Zodiac, and Executive models— were produced over four generations until 1972. The 1972 Ford Granada was initially built in the United Kingdom before switching to being imported from Germany in 1976. In 1985,

4400-399: The executive car segment in 1975 with the Renault 20/30 models. They were replaced, in 1983, by the Renault 25 which featured a fastback rear end. In 1992, the 25 was replaced by the Renault Safrane . The Safrane was replaced by the Renault Vel Satis hatchback in 2002, which in turn was replaced by the Latitude in 2010 and later the Talisman . The equivalent class for cars in Germany

4480-411: The first generation to China and ended Swedish production at the end of 2014, renaming the car as the Volvo XC Classic (or Volvo XC90 Classic ). At the end of 2014, the second generation XC90 was introduced. It is based on a new global platform, the Scalable Product Architecture (SPA). Both generations of the XC90 have won Motor Trend ' s SUV of the Year award in their debuts. In late 2022,

4560-424: The first time. The 2008–09 route covered nearly 39,000 nmi (72,000 km), took over nine months to complete, and reached a cumulative TV audience of 2 billion people worldwide. During the nine months of the 2011–12 Volvo Ocean Race , which started in Alicante , Spain in October 2011 and concluded in Galway , Ireland , in July 2012, the teams were scheduled to sail over 39,000 nmi (72,000 km) of

4640-417: The gender ratio, with the rules providing an incentive to having women sailors on board. To minimize weight, crews overwhelmingly rely on freeze-dried fare for sustenance. Crews are also subjected to temperature variations from −5 to +40 degrees Celsius and will often only take one change of clothes. In 1972 England's Whitbread company and the British Royal Naval Sailing Association agreed to sponsor

4720-413: The large car position and were shopper-driven, but were relegated to owner-driven from the XG model. Afterward, the launch of Kia Opirus and Daewoo Magnus formed the semi-large car market. In the 2000s, Daewoo Motors (now GM KOREA) sold the Holden Commodore under the name Daewoo Statesman from the Australian Holden company and sold the Holden Caprice as the follow-up model as the Daewoo Veritas. Afterwards,

4800-460: The luxury brand is the Genesis G80 . SEAT's first executive car was the 1963–1973 SEAT 1500 , then in 1973, it launched the 132 which was the same FIAT 131 of the era since all cars from the brand were produced under license from FIAT. It was produced until 1982 when it was replaced by the Málaga in 1984, which was the first to be produced in-house entirely, to be replaced afterward with the Toledo, in 1991. Many years later, in 2009, SEAT launched

4880-409: The next executive car was the 1955 Jaguar Mark 1 . In 1959, the Mark 1 was replaced by the Jaguar Mark 2 . In 1963, the Jaguar S-Type was introduced and sold alongside the Mark 2. Both models were replaced by the 1966-1968. The Jaguar XJ series began in 1968 and received updates (with a redesign in 2010) until 2019. Following a 30-year hiatus from the executive car market, Jaguar returned in 1998 with

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4960-412: The open ocean. In early 2006, Volvo released a special version called Ocean Race Edition . Special blue colour, leather interior with contrast stitching and special interior trim. A total of 800 were made. Between 2006 and 2008 Volvo released the Sport trim, which eventually came to bridge the gap between the R series that was available for the S60 and V70, and the R design badge that ultimately usurped

5040-540: The race does not attract a cash prize, as the feat of competing is presented as sufficient reward. Many of the crew in the Volvo Ocean Race race crew other professional teams in other high-profile events, such as the Olympic Games, Sydney to Hobart Yacht Race , the America's Cup , or the Fastnet Race . The worst weather conditions are usually encountered in the Southern Ocean where waves sometimes top 150 feet (46 m) and winds can reach 70 knots (130 km/h). The 2017–18 race covered 45,000 nautical miles, which

5120-447: The retro-styled S-Type . The S-Type was replaced by the 2007 Jaguar XF (X250) and then the 2015 Jaguar XF (X260) , which currently remains in production. Humber's first executive car was the 1945 Humber Hawk . The Hawk was available with features such as two-tone and metallic paintwork, leather upholstery, wood trim, and a sunroof. Production of the Hawk, along with the similarly sized Humber Super Snipe and Imperial , ceased when

5200-416: The roll-over risk of the 2013 XC90 as 17.9%. The maximum sideway thrust is 0.77 g . The XC90's rear structure has been designed to absorb impact energy, with occupants are also protected by a whiplash protection system. Marketed as WHIPS , the system cradles the occupants during a rear-end collision. The Insurance Institute for Highway Safety awarded the Volvo XC90 their Top Safety Pick award. The XC90

5280-472: The seven generations of the 5 Series, it has been produced in sedan, wagon, and four-door hatchback body styles. The first large luxury car produced by Audi was the Audi 100 , which was released in 1968. The Audi 100 was replaced by the Audi A6 in 1994, which remains in production today. In 2010, the Audi A7 four-door fastback model range was added. The Ford Granada is an executive car produced by Ford Europe from 1972-1994. Fiat's first large luxury car

5360-423: The smaller boats finishing legs more than ten days after the winner. The Whitbread 60 design was used for all smaller boats in the 1993–1994 race , and for all in the 1997–1998 race . The race continued to be restricted to a single class for the next seven races – but moved to the Volvo Open 70 , then the Volvo Ocean 65 . Two classes of boats were used for the 2023 edition of the race: the Volvo Ocean 65 and

5440-450: The start/stop button and drive mode control, located on the centre console between the driver and passenger seats. The highest level audio system in the XC90 features a 1400W Class-D amplifier and 19 Bowers & Wilkins speakers as well as one of the first air-ventilated subwoofers in a car. Integrated into the car body, it turns the entire interior space into a large subwoofer. The latest sound processing software has been used to manage

5520-404: The timing of the sound and co-ordination of the speakers. The vehicle's seats have also been redesigned with adjustable side bolsters, seat cushion extension and massage. The second row features three individual seats with recline adjustment. A sliding function can be used to create more legroom for the passengers in the third row or to increase loading space. An integrated child booster cushion in

5600-439: The world's most treacherous seas via Cape Town , Abu Dhabi , Sanya , Auckland , around Cape Horn to Itajaí , Miami , Lisbon , and Lorient . As in the previous editions the 2014–15 Volvo Ocean Race started in Alicante, Spain on October 11. Destination was Gothenburg , Sweden, scheduled for June 2015, with stopovers in the ports of Cape Town, Abu Dhabi , Sanya , Auckland , Itajaí, Newport , Lisbon, Lorient , and with

5680-443: Was allocated to Carl XVI Gustav, the King of Sweden, with number 10 going to Zlatan Ibrahimović , a Swedish professional footballer. The new XC90 has a redesigned chassis with double wishbone front suspension and a new integral link rear axle incorporating transverse leaf spring of lightweight material. The new XC90 can also be equipped with electronically controlled air suspension with a choice of five modes. The interior features

5760-455: Was available. All XC Classic models came with AWD as standard and either a 5-speed manual or 5-speed automatic transmission. It was priced below the second generation XC90. The Volvo XC90's front end is designed to absorb frontal impacts and also deflect any pedestrians up on to the hood of the vehicle rather than underneath the vehicle. Volvo has patented the unique frontal structure that features crumple zones, and predetermined positions for

5840-501: Was followed by Adventure, Grand Louis and Kriter. The original course was designed to follow the route of the square riggers , which had carried cargo around the world during the 19th Century. From 2001 the ownership of the race was taken over by Volvo and Volvo Cars and the race was renamed the ‘Volvo Ocean Race’. Stopover ports were added in Germany, France, and Sweden being Volvo's three biggest car markets in Europe. Winning

5920-472: Was granted the IIHS's rating of "good" in front, side, rear and roof strength tests and has Electronic Stability Control as standard equipment to receive the award. The industry-first Roll Stability Control was first introduced in XC90 in 2003. At the end of July 2007, Volvo Car Corp. announced the recall of 42,211 2005 model year XC90s for risk of battery short circuit and fire. The vehicles were manufactured in

6000-468: Was increased to 18.6 kWh (67 MJ). Deliveries of the XC90 T8 PHEV began in the United States in August 2015. Sales in Europe totaled 2,653 units in 2015. Cumulative sales in the US totaled 488 units up until February 2016. According to Volvo, sales of the plug-in variant represent 20% of Volvo XC90 global sales by mid-March 2016. Executive car Executive car is a British term for

6080-679: Was marketed in Passion Red and also available in Black Sapphire, Titanium Grey and Electric Silver. The first generation Volvo XC90 was sold in China as the XC Classic . It was produced at the Volvo factory located in Daqing, Heilongjiang Province, with necessary tooling shipped from Sweden. Equipment levels were changed compared to the international versions, and only one engine, a 2.5L turbo petrol 5-cylinder engine with 220 hp,

6160-673: Was replaced by the 2004 Fuga , also sold as the Infiniti M from 2003 until 2012, and the Q70 since 2012. Mitsubishi began producing executive cars in 1964 with the Debonair . The Debonair was replaced in 1999 by the Proudia , which was discontinued in 2001 and then returned from 2012 until 2016 as a rebadged Fuga. Mazda's first executive car was the 1969 Luce . In 1991, the Luce was replaced by

6240-529: Was the Fiat 24-32 HP , which was introduced in 1903. Other large luxury Fiats produced before World War II include the Fiat 510 , Fiat 520 , Fiat 527 , and Fiat 2800 . In 1959, the Fiat 1800 and 2100 executive sedans and station wagons were introduced. These models were replaced by the Fiat 2300 in 1961. Fiat's last executive car was the Fiat 130 , which was produced from 1969 until 1977. Lancia produced several large luxury cars prior to World War II, including

6320-521: Was the 1934 Citroën Traction Avant . In 1955, the Traction Avant was replaced by the iconic Citroën DS , which was replaced in 1974 by the Citroën CX and then the 1989 Citroën XM . The XM was discontinued in 2000 and for five years Citroën did not produce an executive car. The 2005 Citroën C6 was produced until 2012, and Citroën has not produced any executive cars since. Renault entered

6400-451: Was the 1984 Saab 9000 , which was produced in sedan and liftback body styles. The 9000 was replaced by the Saab 9-5 . In 2010 the second generation of the 9-5 switched to a platform shared with various General Motors models until Saab went bankrupt in 2012. Volvo began producing executive cars in 1968 with the Volvo 164 . In 1974, the 164 was replaced by the Volvo 260 , which was replaced by

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