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20-479: The XP-72 development paralleled that of another Republic design, the XP-69 that was to be powered by an experimental 42-cylinder Wright R-2160 liquid-cooled inline radial engine mounted in the nose of the aircraft and driving contra-rotating propellers . The XP-69 was intended for high altitude operations and featured a pressurized cockpit and armament of two 37 mm cannon and four 50 caliber machine guns. As

40-443: A prototype if it provides at least part of the functionality of a system and enables testing of a design. Mock-ups are used by designers mainly to acquire feedback from users. Mock-ups address the idea captured in a popular engineering one-liner: "You can fix it now on the drafting board with an eraser or you can fix it later on the construction site with a sledge hammer". Mockups are used as design tools virtually everywhere

60-590: A completely new small-cross section airframe. The large radiator was to be mounted under the fuselage. The pressurized cockpit was to feature a bubble canopy , and an armament of four .50 in machine guns and two 37 mm cannons mounted in a laminar flow wing was planned. In December 1941, the United States Army Air Forces (successor to the USAAC) ordered two prototypes of the AP-18 under

80-533: A new product is designed. Mockups are used in the automotive device industry as part of the product development process, where dimensions, overall impression, and shapes are tested in a wind tunnel experiment. They can also be used to test consumer reaction. Mockups are part of the military acquisition process. Mockups are often used to test human factors and aerodynamics , for example. In this context, mockups include wire-frame models . They can also be used for public display and demonstration purposes prior to

100-404: A single function, and derive results from the tests to enhance the products power and usability on the whole. Mockups, wireframes and prototypes are not so cleanly distinguished in software and systems engineering , where mockups are a way of designing user interfaces on paper or in computer images. A software mockup will thus look like the real thing, but will not do useful work beyond what

120-784: Is then "faked" using mock objects. This is especially important if the functions that are simulated like this are difficult to obtain (for example because it involves complex computation) or if the result is non-deterministic, such as the readout of a sensor. A common style of software design is Service-oriented architecture (SOA), where many components communicate via protocols such as HTTP . Service virtualization and API mocks and simulators are examples of implementations of mockups or so called over-the-wire test doubles in software systems that are modelling dependent components or microservices in SOA environments. Mockup software can also be used for micro level evaluation, for example to check

140-578: The XP-72 displayed greater promise than the XP-69, the XP-69 was canceled on 11 May 1943 and an order for two XP-72 prototypes was placed on 18 June 1943. The XP-72 flew for the first time on 2 February 1944, equipped with a four-bladed propeller. The second prototype was completed on 26 June 1944 and was equipped with an Aero-Products contra-rotating propeller . As the XP-72 displayed exceptional performance during flight tests, an order for 100 production aircraft

160-598: The aircraft proposed to the USAAC by Republic was the AP-12 Rocket . As proposed, the AP-12 was to be powered by a 2,500 hp Wright R-2160-3 Tornado 42-cylinder liquid-cooled radial engine mounted in the mid-section of the aircraft's streamlined, cigar-shaped fuselage, behind the cockpit, which drove a pair of three-bladed contra-rotating propellers . It was to be armed with four nose-mounted machine guns firing through

180-679: The designation XP-69 . A mockup was built and was inspected by the USAAF in June 1942. Construction of the first prototype began in November of that year. However, due to development troubles and delays with the R-2160 engine, the XP-69 project was canceled in favor of a parallel development, the Republic XP-72 , on May 24, 1943. By that time engineering on the project was 75% complete and

200-508: The development of a prototype, as with the case of the Lockheed Martin F-35 Lightning II mock-up aircraft. Mockups are used in the consumer goods industry as part of the product development process, where dimensions, human factors, overall impression, and commercial art are tested in marketing research . Mockups help to visualise how all design decisions play together, they are convincing and closely resemble

220-440: The final product, it can be easily revised rather than much later in the production stage, It also helps in visualisation of package design projects in 3D & speed up approvals. Mockups are commonly required by designers, architects, and end users for custom furniture and cabinetry. The intention is often to produce a full-sized replica, using inexpensive materials in order to verify a design. Mockups are often used to determine

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240-408: The initial drawings and sketches. Mockups used for this purpose can be on a reduced scale. The cost of making mockups is often more than repaid by the savings made by avoiding going into production with a design which needs improvement. The most common use of mockups in software development is to create user interfaces that show the end user what the software will look like without having to build

260-456: The propeller arc, and a single 20 mm cannon firing through the propeller hub. The AP-12 placed 13th out of 26 contestants, forcing Republic to go back to the drawing board to improve its proposal. In July 1941, Republic submitted an improved design, the AP-18 . The AP-18 had little in common with the AP-12. It retained the original aircraft's R-2160 engine, which was now mounted in the nose of

280-596: The proportions of the piece, relating to various dimensions of the piece itself, or to fit the piece into a specific space or room. The ability to see how the design of the piece relates to the rest of the space is also an important factor in determining size and design. When designing a functional piece of furniture, such as a desk or table, mockups can be used to test whether they suit typical human shapes and sizes. Designs that fail to consider these issues may not be practical to use. Mockups can also be used to test color, finish, and design details which cannot be visualized from

300-499: The prototype was still in the early stages of construction, with the total program cost being $ 810,000. Data from General characteristics Performance Armament Aircraft of comparable role, configuration, and era Related lists Mockup In manufacturing and design , a mockup , or mock-up , is a scale or full-size model of a design or device, used for teaching, demonstration, design evaluation, promotion, and other purposes. A mockup may be

320-401: The requirements of Type Specification XC-622. The specification called for a single-engined high-performance fighter aircraft, with a maximum speed between 425 and 525 mph (684 and 845 km/h), armed with both machine guns and cannons, and be capable of landing on a 3,000 ft (910 m) long grass runway. Republic was one of six companies selected for the competition, and one of

340-497: The software or the underlying functionality. Software UI mockups can range from very simple hand drawn screen layouts, through realistic bitmaps, to semi functional user interfaces developed in a software development tool. Mockups are often used to create unit tests - there they are usually called mock objects . The main reason to create such mockups is to be able to test one part of a software system (a unit) without having to use dependent modules. The function of these dependencies

360-456: The user sees. A software prototype, on the other hand, will look and work just like the real thing. In many cases it is best to design or prototype the user interface before source code is written or hardware is built, to avoid having to go back and make expensive changes. Early layouts of a World Wide Web site or pages are often called mockups . A large selection of proprietary or open-source software tools are available for this purpose. At

380-729: Was an American fighter aircraft proposed by Republic Aviation in 1941 in response to a requirement by the United States Army Air Corps for a high-speed fighter. Manufacturers were encouraged to consider unorthodox designs; although the design was ordered as a prototype it was canceled because of delays with the engine that was to power it. The United States Army Air Corps began the R40-C fighter competition in February 1940. The competition encouraged manufacturers to propose unorthodox high-speed fighter aircraft that met

400-701: Was awarded. The order included an alternate armament configuration of four 37 mm cannon. By this time, World War II had progressed to where the need was for long-range escort fighters and not high-speed interceptors. Furthermore, the advent of the new turbojet -powered interceptors showed greater promise for the interceptor role. Thus, the production order for the P-72 was canceled. Data from General characteristics Performance Armament or or Related development Related lists [REDACTED] Media related to Republic XP-72 at Wikimedia Commons Republic XP-69 The Republic XP-69

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