The Cray XT5 is an updated version of the Cray XT4 supercomputer , launched on November 6, 2007. It includes a faster version of the XT4's SeaStar2 interconnect router called SeaStar2+ , and can be configured either with XT4 compute blades, which have four dual-core AMD Opteron processor sockets, or XT5 blades, with eight sockets supporting dual or quad-core Opterons. The XT5 uses a 3-dimensional torus network topology.
8-488: The XT5 family run the Cray Linux Environment , formerly known as UNICOS /lc. This incorporates SUSE Linux Enterprise Server and Cray's Compute Node Linux . The XT5h ( hybrid ) variant also includes support for Cray X2 vector processor blades, and Cray XR1 blades which combine Opterons with FPGA -based Reconfigurable Processor Units (RPUs) provided by DRC Computer Corporation. The XT5m variant
16-408: A higher-level language ( Pascal ) with more modern optimizations and vectorizations. As a migration path for existing COS customers wishing to transition to UNICOS, a Guest Operating System (GOS) capability was introduced into COS. The only guest OS that was ever supported was UNICOS. A COS batch job would be submitted to start up UNICOS, which would then run as a subsystem under COS, using a subset of
24-501: Is a mid-ranged supercomputer with most of the features of the XT5, but having a 2-dimensional torus network topology and scalable to 6 cabinets. In the fall of 2008, Cray delivered the Jaguar 1.3 petaflops XT5 system to National Center for Computational Sciences at Oak Ridge National Laboratory . The system, with over 150,000 processing cores, was the second fastest system in the world for
32-581: Is the successor of the Cray Operating System (COS). It provides network clustering and source code compatibility layers for some other Unixes. UNICOS was originally introduced in 1985 with the Cray-2 system and later ported to other Cray models. The original UNICOS was based on UNIX System V Release 2, and had many Berkeley Software Distribution (BSD) features (e.g., computer networking and file system enhancements) added to it. CX-OS
40-507: The LINPACK benchmark, the fastest system available for open science and the first system to exceed a petaflops sustained performance on a 64-bit scientific application. Jaguar underwent an upgrade to 224,256 cores in 2009, after which its performance jumped to 1.75 petaflops, taking it to the number one position in the 34th edition of the TOP500 list in fall 2009. It remained number one in
48-610: The June 2010 edition, but in October 2010 was surpassed by the Chinese Tianhe-1A , which achieved a performance of 2.57 petaflops. Another XT5 system, Kraken , with 112,896 cores and 1.17 petaflops, as of June 2012 was at position number 21 in the TOP500 list. Cray Linux Environment UNICOS is a range of Unix and later Linux operating system (OS) variants developed by Cray for its supercomputers . UNICOS
56-579: The systems CPUs, memory, and peripheral devices. The UNICOS that ran under GOS was exactly the same as when it ran stand-alone: the difference was that the kernel would make certain low-level hardware requests through the COS GOS hook, rather than directly to the hardware. One of the sites that ran very early versions of UNICOS was Bell Labs , where Unix pioneers including Dennis Ritchie ported parts of their Eighth Edition Unix (including STREAMS input/output (I/O)) to UNICOS. They also experimented with
64-512: Was the original name given to what is now UNICOS. This was a prototype system which ran on a Cray X-MP in 1984 before the Cray-2 port. It was used to demonstrate the feasibility of using Unix on a supercomputer system, before Cray-2 hardware was available. The operating system revamp was part of a larger movement inside Cray Research to modernize their corporate software: including rewriting their most important Fortran compiler (cft to cft77) in
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