Xianyang ( Chinese : 咸阳 ; pinyin : Xiányáng ) is a prefecture-level city in central Shaanxi province, situated on the Wei River a few kilometers upstream (west) from the provincial capital of Xi'an . Once the capital of the Qin dynasty , it is now integrated into the Xi'an metropolitan area, one of the main urban agglomerations in northwestern China , with more than 7.17 million inhabitants. Its built-up area, consisting of 2 urban districts (Qindu and Weicheng), had 945,420 inhabitants at the 2010 census . It has a total area of 10,213 square kilometers (3,943 sq mi).
22-641: Xianyang is the seat of the Xi'an Xianyang International Airport , the main airport serving Xi'an and the largest airport in Northwest China , and one of the 40 busiest airports in the world. Xianyang is one of the top 500 cities in the world by scientific research outputs, as tracked by the Nature Index . It is home to the main campus of Northwest A&F University (NWAFU), one of the world's top universities in agriculture science related fields, and
44-451: A large civil airport on the site of Xianyang's airfield. Phase 1 of the airport commenced construction in August 1987, and was finished and opened on 1 September 1991. Xi'an Xiguan Airport was closed at the same time. Phase 2 started in August 2000, and was finished on 16 September 2003. Another 7.592-billion-yuan project is scheduled to be completed by 2020. Finnair 's service to Helsinki
66-657: A member of " Project 985 " club which is an organization of 39 reputable universities in China. Xianyang was among the capital city's environs during the Western Zhou dynasty , and was made the capital of the state of Qin in 350 BC during the Warring States period before becoming the capital of China during the short-lived Qin dynasty . Because the city lay south of the Jiuzong Mountains and north of
88-578: A network of 300 palaces in the Wei valley connected by elevated roads. In 212 BC, he built the Epang Palace ( 阿房宮 ; Ēpánggōng ). Shortly after the First Emperor's death in 210 BC revolts erupted. At the beginning of December 207 BC, the last Qin emperor Ziying surrendered to rebel leader Liu Bang , who entered Xianyang peacefully without harming the locals. However, Liu Bang was forced to hand
110-471: A significant domestic and international aviation transit hub. Terminal 3 and the second runway were opened on 3 May 2012, increasing the airport's capacity to more than 33 million passengers a year. The new terminal alone can handle 22 million passengers a year, twice as many as the other two terminals combined. Airlines that moved into the new terminal are China Eastern Airlines , China Southern Airlines , and Shanghai Airlines . The second runway
132-520: Is 3,800 meters long and is large enough to handle the Airbus A380 . Eight airport bus routes connect the airport well with the Xi'an and Xianyang city. There are also long-distance buses which connect the airport with Baoji , Yangling , Lintong , Hancheng , Hanzhong , Weinan , Tongchuan , Yan'an , Qingyang , and Pingliang . Xi'an Metro Line 14 between Beikezhan (Beiguangchang) station and
154-445: Is also the hub for Joy Air and Hainan Airlines . Xi'an Xianyang International Airport is a Skytrax 4-star airport. In 2018, the airport handled 44,650,000 passengers, making it the busiest airport in northwest China. It is the ninth busiest airport nationwide. Xi'an Xianyang International Airport was also the nation's 9th busiest airport in terms of cargo traffic and the 7th busiest airport by traffic movements. The airport
176-515: Is an international airport serving the city of Xi'an , the capital of Northwest China ’s Shaanxi province, as well as the whole Guanzhong area. Covering an area of 5 square kilometres (1.9 sq mi), it is the largest airport in Northwest China , and the second largest airport in Northern China . The airport was the hub for China Northwest Airlines until the company was merged into China Eastern Airlines in 2002. Xi'an Airport
198-680: Is an organization of 39 reputable universities in China. Northwest A&F University's research achievements are dominant in the fields of agriculture biology including wheat breeding, entomology , agriculture resource management, horticulture , plant protection, food science (especially in Enology ), forestry and veterinary . Besides, the university is also reputable in agricultural water conservancy , agriculture economics and management, agriculture mechanics and information engineering and ancient agricultural history research. In 2017, Times Higher Education World University Rankings ranked
220-547: Is located within the administrative area of Xianyang city, which gives the airport its name. It is 25 kilometres (16 mi) northwest of Xi'an city centre, and 13 kilometres (8.1 mi) northeast of the centre of Xianyang. Before Xianyang Airport was built, Xi'an was served by Xi'an Xiguan Airport . In 1984, the State Council of China and the Central Military Commission proposed to build
242-581: The Ministry of Education of China . The university is part of Project 211 , Project 985 , and the Double First-Class Construction . By April 2013, the university had 1,661 faculty members and 28,964 students. The State Council agreed to merge 7 organizations as new Northwest A&F University in a reply to the proposal drafted by Ministry of Education and Shaanxi Province Government. A financial budget of 600,000,000 RMB
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#1732757837863264-475: The Wei River – both sunlight-rich ( yang ) orientations – it was named "Xianyang", meaning "fully yang ". Under Duke Xiao of Qin 's reign, minister Shang Yang designed Xianyang and in 350 BC organized the relocation of Qin's administration from the old capital Yueyang to the new city, which was then the capital for over 140 years. It was located in the modern day Shaanxi province on the northern bank of
286-617: The Wei River , on the opposite side of which Liu Bang would later build the Han dynasty capital of Chang'an once he became emperor. In 221 BC, Qin Shi Huang eliminated all six other warring states to establish the first centralized empire in Chinese history . Xianyang became the center of politics, economy and culture of the Qin empire. Noble families were compelled to move into Xianyang, and
308-476: The airport was opened on September 29, 2019. The line extended to Heshao on June 29, 2021. Northwest A%26F University Northwest A&F University ( NWAFU ; Chinese : 西北农林科技大学 ; lit. 'Northwestern Agricultural and Forestry Science and Technology University') is a national public university located in Yangling District , Xianyang , Shaanxi , China. It is affiliated with
330-505: The city over to another more ruthless rebel leader, Xiang Yu , whose army greatly outnumbered Liu Bang's. Xiang Yu then killed Ziying and burned Xianyang in 206 BC, destroying the sole surviving copies of several banned books that were kept in the royal library. In 202 BC, after defeating Xiang Yu in Battle of Gaixia and ending the Chu-Han contention , Liu Bang was crowned the emperor of
352-522: The fall of the Qin dynasty and with it the original city of Xianyang. Qin Shi Huang expanded Xianyang beyond the walls. Then he built replicas of the palaces of all the conquered states along the Wei River. In 220 BC, he built Xin Palace ( 新城 ; Xīnchéng ) and later renamed it Wei Palace ( 渭城 ; Wèichéng ), named after the Wei River. He continued with the theme of earth as the mirror of heaven building
374-609: The newly established Han dynasty , and he built a new capital across the Wei River merely miles from the ruins of old Xianyang and named this new city Chang'an . The Han-era town of Anling ( 安陵 , tomb of emperor Hui ) was located nearby and houses some of the Han dynasty's mausoleums. From the end of the 1950s until the middle of the 1990s, archeologists discovered and excavated numerous Qin era sites in Xianyang, including palaces, workshops and tombs. Chinese Bureau of Statistics lists
396-399: The realm's weapons were gathered in the city to be melted and cast into twelve towering statues. The Emperor had a lavish mausoleum built near the capital, complete with his Terracotta Army . This and other large undertakings diverted enormous levels of manpower and resources away from agriculture. Coupled with the state's repressive measures on the population, these factors eventually led to
418-458: The university within the 801-1000 band globally. The overall global ranking of NWAFU by the U.S. News & World Report Best Global University Rankings 2024 is 374. In 2023, Academic Ranking of World Universities (ARWU) ranked the university at 301-400 band globally. In 2024, the "Agriculture Science" subject was ranked 4th globally by U.S. News & World Report Best Global University Rankings . Meanwhile, " Plant and Animal Science "
440-529: The urban population of the city at 316,641 (1990 Census), rising to 814,625 (2000 Census), and 835,648 in 2010 Census. Xianyang is home to the main campus of Northwest A&F University (NWAFU), one of the world's top universities in agriculture science related-fields, and a member of " Project 985 " club which is an organization of 39 reputable universities in China. National Public Xi%27an Xianyang International Airport Xi'an Xianyang International Airport ( IATA : XIY , ICAO : ZLXY )
462-436: Was granted as start fund and further investment plan as well as related issue such as reshuffle were also briefly stated in this official reply. On 11 September 1999, a central government delegation led by Vice Premier Li Lanqing attended the opening ceremony and made the announcement. The university ranks as Top 3 research and teaching quality in China's agriculture universities and is a member of " Project 985 " club which
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#1732757837863484-531: Was the first intercontinental route out of Xi'an, launching on 14 June 2013. However, due to the COVID-19 pandemic and the closure of Russian airspace resulting from the Russian invasion of Ukraine , the route has since been cancelled. The airport is presently engaged in a three-phase expansion initiative, anticipated for completion in 2025, which would feature four runways and four terminals, establishing it as
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