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20-656: According to Vytautas Mažiulis , the name Sūduva derives from a local hydronym *Sūd(a)vā , derived from a Baltic verbal root, *sū- : to flow, pour. Numerous linguists consider the Yotvingian language as a dialect of the Old Prussian language . The Lithuanian linguist Petras Būtėnas states that such an opinion is incorrect, because the Lithuanian kalnas predominates in Yotvingian toponymy instead of

40-550: A citywide fire on 7 September 1921. The population of the city grew rapidly in interwar Poland from 23,497 in 1921 to 33,500 in 1931. Pińsk became a bustling commercial centre, and 70% of the population was Jewish , in spite of considerable migration. Following the Soviet invasion of Poland in 1939, Pinsk and the surrounding area was annexed to the Byelorussian Soviet Socialist Republic . It

60-600: A large Mannerist complex, whose cathedral was demolished after World War II by communists; and the Butrymowicz Palace (1784–1790), built for Mateusz Butrymowicz, an important political and economical figure of Pinsk and Polesie. The Church of St. Charles Borromeo (1770—1782) and St. Barbara Cathedral of the Monastery of the St. Bernard Order (1786–1787) are placed near historic centre in the former Karolin suburb, which

80-614: A letter to King Sigismund of March 11, 1420. A 1860 census by the clergy of the Belarus Grodno area, had 30,929 inhabitants identifying as Yatviags. Vytautas Ma%C5%BEiulis Vytautas Juozapas Mažiulis (August 20, 1926 in Rokėnai  – April 11, 2009 in Vilnius ) was a highly distinguished Lithuanian Balticist , an expert on the Old Prussian language and Indo-European languages . He studied classical philology at

100-583: A restored city centre, with two-storey buildings from the 19th and early 20th centuries. The centre has become an active place for youths of all ages with summer theme parks and an association football stadium, which houses the city's football club, FC Volna Pinsk . Pinsk was occupied by the German Empire on 15 September 1915, during the First World War . After the German defeat, Pinsk became

120-659: Is a city in Brest Region , Belarus . It serves as the administrative center of Pinsk District , though it is administratively separated from the district. It is located in the historical region of Polesia , at the confluence of the Pina River and the Pripyat River . The region was known as the Pinsk Marshes and is southwest of Minsk . As of 2024, it has a population of 124,295. The historic city has

140-767: The Byelorussian Soviet Socialist Republic . In 1954 it became part of the Brest Voblast . Pinsk has formed part of the Republic of Belarus since Belarusian independence from the Soviet Union in 1991. Three main sights of the town are lined along the river: the Assumption Cathedral of the Monastery of the Greyfriars (1712–1730), with a campanile from 1817, the Jesuit collegium (1635–1648);

160-470: The Hypatian Codex the spelling changes: Jatviagy, Jatviezie, Jatviažin, zemlia Jatveskaja, na zemliu Jatviažs´kuju and more. Polish sources also used Russian spellings: Jazviagi, Iazvizite, Jazvizite, Yazvizite . This name was taken by the papal administration: terra Jatwesouie, Gretuesia, Gzestuesie, Getuesia und Getvesia . The Knights called this tribe Sudowite, Sudowia, in qua Sudowit . and

180-832: The Scythian tribe of the Aroteres to the south-east. In 944, during the treaty between the Kievan Rus' prince Igor and the emperor of the Byzantine Empire, the Yotvingians were hired by the Kievan ruler to serve as mercenaries. In 983, Vladimir I of Kiev hired the Yotvingians to add to his army. In two dotations, in 1253 and 1259, by Mindaugas , a new name was recorded: Dainava, Deynowe, Dainowe, Denowe (land of songs). The forests were named Deinova Jatvež . In

200-694: The Vilnius University in 1947–1952, receiving his Ph.D. in 1956 at the Lomonosov Moscow State University with his thesis on Lithuanian numerals. In 1955 he started working at the Vilnius University, holding a Chair of Lithuanian Language in 1968–1973. With Jonas Kazlauskas he founded the international journal for Baltic philology Baltistica in 1965 and the Chair for Baltic philology in 1973 after

220-662: The 1260 treaty with the Teutonic Knights, the region is called " terre Getuizintarum ". Skalmantas , leader of the Yotvingians was responsible for single-handedly raiding Pinsk in the Principality of Turov . In the sentence of Breslau of the emperor Sigismund of Luxembourg to the Livonian Order from 1325, this area is called Suderlandt alias Jetuen . Vytautas the Great wrote about "terra Sudorum", in

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240-476: The Old Prussian garbis . The Lithuanian professor Zigmas Zinkevičius wrote that the Yotvingians spoke a dialect of Western Baltic that was closer to Lithuanian than Prussian. The only known written source of the Yotvingian language is the manuscript " Pagan Dialects from Narew  [ lt ; be-tarask ] ". The Yotvingians lived in the area of Sudovia (Yotvingia) and Dainava , southwest from

260-775: The Polish-Soviet War, 35 Jewish civilians from Pinsk were executed by the Polish Army in April 1919 after being accused of collaborating with Russian Bolsheviks . The incident, known as the Pinsk massacre , created a diplomatic crisis noted at the Versailles Conference . Pińsk was the initial capital of the Polesie Voivodeship , but it moved to Brześć-nad-Bugiem (now Brest, Belarus ) after

280-829: The murder of professor Kazlauskas. In 1970 he became the member of the Lithuanian Academy of Sciences , after publishing his monograph on the relationship between Baltic and other Indo-European languages . Vytautas Mažiulis was also correspondent member of both the Mainz Academy of Sciences and Literature (Germany) and the Milanese Linguistics Society (Italy), as well as Chairman of an International Commission on Baltic-Slavonic Relations. Pinsk Pinsk ( Belarusian : Пінск ; Russian : Пинск , IPA: [pʲinsk] ; Polish : Pińsk ; Ukrainian : Пінськ ; Yiddish : פינסק )

300-659: The reborn Poland in 1920 when the Polish-Soviet War ended with the Peace of Riga , signed in March 1921. Like many other cities in Eastern Europe, Pinsk had a significant Jewish population before World War II. According to the Russian census of 1897 , out of the total number of 28,400 inhabitants, Jews were approximately 74% of the population (21,100 persons), making it one of the most Jewish cities under tsarist rule. During

320-574: The river Hypanis (Bug river), west of the Borysthenes (Dniepr river). This was roughly the area of modern Belarus and Eastern Poland by the Narew river, coinciding with the Yotvingian linguistic territory of toponyms and hydronyms ( Narew river) and the Scythian tribe of the Aroteres to the south-east. Ptolemy in the 2nd century AD called the people Galindai kai Soudinoi (Σουδινοί). Peter of Dusburg called them Galindite and Suduwite . In

340-509: The south, Yotvingian homesteads reached the Brest area. In the west, they reached the Narew river basin. In the north, they reached the Vilnius ' and Kaunas ' southern outskirts. The territory was shrinking over time. According to The Histories of Herodotus (5th century B.C.) , the Neuri (Νευροί) were a tribe living beyond the Scythian cultivators, one of the nations along the course of

360-740: The subject of dispute between the Belarusian People's Republic and the Ukrainian People's Republic , both short-lived. Pinsk was taken by the advancing Red Army on 25 January 1919, during the Soviet westward offensive of 1918–19 . It was retaken by Polish troops on 5 March 1919 during the Polish–Soviet War but was retaken by the Red Army on 23 July 1920 and finally retaken by the Polish on 26 September 1920. Pińsk became part of

380-693: The upper Nemunas river . Today, this area corresponds mostly to the Podlaskie Voivodeship in Poland , portions of Lithuania west of the Nemunas and a part of Hrodna Province in Belarus . The territory was between the later cities of Marijampolė and Merkinė (Lithuania), Slonim and Kobryn (Belarus), and Białystok and Lyck in Prussia (now Ełk , Poland). Before the 10th century, in

400-810: Was the seat of the Pinsk Oblast from 1940. After Operation Barbarossa , Germany occupied Pinsk from 4 July 1941 to 14 July 1944, as part of the Reichskommissariat Ukraine . Most Jews were killed in late October 1942 during the liquidation of the Pińsk Ghetto by the German Ordnungspolizei and the Byelorussian Auxiliary Police , 10,000 being murdered in one day. In 1945, after postwar border adjustments of Poland, Pinsk again became part of

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