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45-483: Yokosuka Education System (横須賀市教育情報センター) is the public school system operated by Yokosuka , Kanagawa Prefecture , Japan . YES operates elementary schools, junior high schools, and high schools. NOTE: Many Yokosuka junior high school students continue at schools operated by the Kanagawa Prefectural Board of Education . [1] Yokosuka (city) As of February 2024 , the city has

90-637: A friendship city relationship with one city: Sarushima is an uninhabited island in the Tokyo Bay , accessible by ferry from Yokosuka. The Mikasa , flagship of Admiral Togo at the Battle of Tsushima , built in Britain by Vickers , is preserved on dry land at Yokosuka. It is a museum, complete with actors dressed like members of the original crew, and can be visited for an entrance fee of 600 yen. The Club Alliance enlisted club, which lies just inside

135-573: A large electrical power generating facility, and a midget submarine factory and warehouse were among the many facilities built. American occupation forces landed at Yokosuka on August 30, 1945, after the surrender of Japan , and the naval base has been used by the US Navy since that time. The caves were used for storage and as an emergency shelter during the Korean War. From the 1950s, United States Fleet Activities Yokosuka has been home port for

180-651: A limited-scale trade and diplomatic relations with China , Korea , the Ryukyu Islands , and the Dutch was maintained. The Sakoku policy remained in effect until 1853 with the arrival of Commodore Perry and the "opening" of Japan. Commodore Perry's show of military force was the principal factor in negotiating a treaty allowing American trade with Japan, thus effectively ending the Sakoku period of more than 200 years in which trading with Japan had been permitted to

225-602: A major center for the Japanese telecommunications industry, and is where many of the wireless, mobile communications related companies have set up their research and development centers and joint testing facilities. Per Japanese census data, Yokosuka's population peaked around the year 1990 and has declined since then. Foreign citizens in Yokosuka are mainly Filipinos , Koreans , Chinese , and Americans . Yokosuka's public elementary and junior high schools are operated by

270-455: A military port next to the American base, as well as numerous training facilities at scattered locations around the city. For those reasons, there are a few hundred Americans and a thousand Filipinos in Yokosuka. In 2001, Yokosuka was designated as a core city , with increased autonomy from the central government. Aside from the economic impact of its various military facilities, Yokosuka

315-422: A native of Yokosuka, opened on July 20, 2000. It has been reported that Japan's former prime minister, Junichiro Koizumi , was influential in getting it built as he was a big fan of Hide's band X Japan . The museum stayed open, past its original three-year plan, for five years, before closing on 25 September 2005. Yokosuka is considered a place of origin of sukajan jackets. These embroidered satin bombers are

360-437: A popular souvenir from the city, especially the more expensive, handmade ones. Yokosuka, including Dobuita Street, is the setting for the 1999 video game Shenmue . Yokosuka is also depicted in the game's anime adaptation. City officials cooperated with animators. The 2000 PlayStation game Front Mission 3 , and Shohei Imamura 's 1961 New Wave film Pigs and Battleships take place in Yokosuka. Additionally, Yokosuka

405-521: A population of 373,797, and a population density of 3,708 inhabitants per square kilometre (9,600/sq mi). The total area is 100.7 km (38.9 sq mi). Yokosuka is the 11th-most populous city in the Greater Tokyo Area , and the 12th in the Kantō region . The city is home to United States Fleet Activities Yokosuka . Yokosuka occupies most of Miura Peninsula , and is bordered by

450-567: A treaty. In the interim, after a debate by officials the Japanese government had decided to avoid war and agree to a treaty with the United States. After roughly a month of negotiations, the shōgun ' s officials presented Perry with the Treaty of Peace and Amity . Perry refused certain conditions of the treaty but agreed to defer their resolution to a later time, and finally establishing formal diplomatic relations between Japan and

495-534: Is a festival celebrating Japanese curry , which draws 50,000 attendees each year. The plant is adjacent to Nissan's Research and Development Center, the Oppama Proving Ground and the Oppama Wharf, from which Nissan ships vehicles made at Oppama and Nissan's other two Japanese vehicle assembly plants to other regions of Japan and overseas. The Yokosuka Research Park , established in 1997, is

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540-490: Is also an industrial city, with factories operated by Nissan Motors and its affiliated subsidiaries employing thousands of local residents. The Nissan Leaf , Nissan Cube , and Nissan Juke models are assembled in the 520,000-square-metre (5,600,000 sq ft) Oppama plant  [ ja ] in Yokosuka. The factory began operations in 1961 where the Nissan Bluebird was originally built. Every May, there

585-520: Is the location of the climactic battle in the Godzilla film Terror of Mechagodzilla . Yokosuka is a major location in the Arpeggio of Blue Steel franchise, where it serves as one of Japan's few remaining naval facilities, the only one equipped with a functional shipyard and maritime academy. Due to rising sea levels, the port is built above the ruins of the submerged original city's remains. All

630-652: The Muromachi period until their defeat at Arai Castle in a 1518 attack by Hōjō Sōun . Following the defeat of the Later Hōjō clan at the Battle of Odawara , Toyotomi Hideyoshi transferred Tokugawa Ieyasu to take control over the Kantō region , including Yokosuka in 1590. The English sailor William Adams , the first Briton to set foot in Japan, arrived at Uraga aboard the Dutch trading vessel Liefde in 1600. In 1612, he

675-563: The Shimabara Rebellion blamed on the Christian influence was suppressed. Portuguese traders and Jesuit missionaries faced progressively tighter restrictions, and were confined to the island of Dejima before being expelled in 1639. The Tokugawa shogunate retreated back into a policy of isolationism identified as Sakoku ( 鎖国 , lit.   ' locked country ' ) , forbidding contact with most outside countries. Only

720-618: The Treaty of Amity and Commerce . After this, the kurofune became a symbol of the end of isolation. In 1543 Portuguese traders arrived in Japan initiating the first contacts with the West. Soon they established a trade route linking their headquarters in Goa , via Malacca to Nagasaki . Large carracks engaged in the flourishing " Nanban trade ", introducing modern inventions from the European traders, such as refined sugar, optics, and firearms; it

765-602: The United States Seventh Fleet , and played a critical support role in the Korean War and the Vietnam War . Yokosuka was the site of many anti-war protests during the late 1960s and 1970s. The nuclear-powered USS George Washington , formerly based at Yokosuka, was the first U.S. nuclear-powered ship that had been permanently based in Japan. The Japan Maritime Self-Defense Force also operates

810-581: The Yokosuka Education System , a department of the Yokosuka City Department of Education. Many of Yokosuka's public high schools, including Yokosuka High School , are operated by the Kanagawa Prefectural Board of Education . The city operates one municipal high school, Yokosuka Sogo High School . On 26 October 2011 Yokosuka held its annual nuclear accident evacuation drill. This drill was first held in 2008 when

855-469: The Bay Square complex by Kenzō Tange , is a venue for opera, orchestral concerts, chamber music, and films. Dobuita Street is situated in Yokosuka, close to the U.S. naval base. Therefore, this High Street has a very American influence, with many shops accepting U.S dollars. In the evening the street turns into the local bar and club district for the area. A museum in memory of rock musician Hide ,

900-478: The Black Ships are described in this famous kyōka (a humorous poem in 31-syllable waka form): This poem is a complex set of puns (in Japanese, kakekotoba or "pivot words"). Taihei ( 泰平 ) means 'tranquil'; Jōkisen ( 上喜撰 ) is the name of a costly brand of green tea containing large amounts of caffeine ; and shihai ( 四杯 ) means 'four cups', so a literal translation of

945-408: The Dutch, Koreans, Chinese, and Ainu exclusively. The sight of the four ships entering Edo Bay , roaring black smoke into the air and capable of moving under their own power, deeply frightened the Japanese. Perry ignored the requests arriving from the shore that he should move to Nagasaki—the official port for trade with the outside—and threatened in turn to take his ships directly to Edo , and burn

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990-453: The United States. The fleet departed, leaving behind a consul , Townsend Harris , at Shimoda to negotiate a more permanent agreement. The Harris Treaty was signed with the United States on July 29, 1858, and within five years of the signing of the Treaty of Peace and Amity, Japan had moved to sign treaties with other Western countries. The surprise and fear inspired by the first visit of

1035-612: The ancestor of the Miura clan , which subsequently dominated eastern Sagami Province for the next several hundred years. The Miura clan supported Minamoto no Yoritomo in the foundation of the Kamakura shogunate , but were later annihilated by Hōjō Tokiyori in 1247. However, the family name was reassigned to a supporter of the Hōjō clan , and the Miura continued to rule Miura Peninsula through

1080-670: The arsenal was taken over by the Imperial Japanese Navy , and the area of modern Yokosuka was reorganized into Uraga Town and numerous villages within Miura District , Kanagawa Prefecture . Yokosuka Village was elevated to town status in 1878 and was made the capital of Miura District. In 1889, the Yokosuka Line railway was opened, connecting Yokosuka to Yokohama and Tokyo. Yokosuka was elevated to city status on February 15, 1907. From 1916, Oppama in Yokosuka

1125-485: The city also annexed the neighboring towns and villages of Uraga, Kitashitaura, Okusu, Nagai and Takeyama, as well as Zushi . During World War II , Yokosuka was bombed on April 18, 1942, by American B-25 bombers in the Doolittle Raid with little damage as a retaliation to the attack on Pearl Harbor . Aside from minor sporadic tactical air raids by United States Navy aircraft, it was not bombed again during

1170-484: The city to the ground if he was not allowed to land. It was eventually agreed upon that he should land nearby at Kurihama , whereupon he delivered his letter and left. The following year, at the Convention of Kanagawa , Perry returned with a fleet of eight of the fearsome Black Ships, to demonstrate the power of the United States navy, and to lend weight to his announcement that he would not leave again, until he had

1215-424: The climate emergency. These coal-fired power plants are being built without a full environmental review, and local residents are suing the government of Japan over its construction. Environment minister Shinjirō Koizumi has been "a target of the activists' wrath" because of his support for this project. Yokosuka has twin-town relationships with four other cities. They are (in chronological order): Yokosuka has

1260-739: The entrance to Tokyo Bay , the Shogunate established the post of Uraga Bugyō in 1720, and all shipping into the bay was required to stop for inspection. As concerns over the increasing number of incursions by foreign vessels and attempts to end Japan's self-imposed national seclusion policy , the Shogunate established a number of coastal artillery batteries around Yokosuka, including an outpost at Ōtsu in 1842. However, despite these efforts, in 1853, United States naval Commodore Matthew Perry arrived in Tokyo Bay with his fleet of Black Ships and came ashore at Kurihama, in southern Yokosuka, leading to

1305-446: The first contacts, establishing a trade route linking Goa to Nagasaki . The large carracks engaged in this trade had the hull painted black with pitch , and the term came to represent all Western vessels. In 1639, after suppressing a rebellion blamed on the influence of Christian thought , the ruling Tokugawa shogunate retreated into an isolationist policy, the Sakoku . During this "locked state", contact with Japan by Westerners

1350-526: The first modern arsenal to be created in Japan. The construction of the arsenal was the central point of a global modern infrastructure, that was to prove an important first step for the modernization of Japan's industry. Modern buildings, the Hashirimizu waterway, foundries, brick factories, and technical schools to train Japanese technicians were established. After the Meiji Restoration ,

1395-458: The hull painted black with pitch , and the term came to apply for all western vessels. The name was inscribed in the Nippo Jisho , the first western Japanese dictionary compiled in 1603. In 1549 Spanish missionary Francis Xavier started a Jesuit mission in Japan. Christianity spread, mingled with the new trade, making 300,000 converts among peasants and some daimyō (warlords). In 1637

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1440-477: The main cast lived and attended school there before forming the privateer fleet Blue Steel that uses it as their home port. Black Ships The Black Ships (in Japanese : 黒船 , romanized :  kurofune , Edo period term) were the names given to both Portuguese merchant ships and American warships arriving in Japan in the 16th and 19th centuries respectively. In 1543, Portuguese initiated

1485-614: The main gate of Yokosuka Naval Base, opened in 1983. It replaced the old Club Alliance which was demolished to make way for the Prince Hotel . The old Club Alliance is where Ryudo Uzaki got his start playing rock and roll . "The Honch", a mecca for shopping and nightlife and located just outside the Yokosuka Naval Base's main gates, is a popular attraction for tourists and sailors stationed nearby, as well as local Japanese residents. The Yokosuka Arts Theatre , part of

1530-701: The mouth of Tokyo Bay to the east and Sagami Bay on the Pacific Ocean on the west. The area around present-day Yokosuka City has been inhabited for thousands of years. Archaeologists have found stone tools and shell middens from the Japanese Paleolithic period and ceramic shards from the Jōmon and Kofun periods at numerous locations in the area. During the Heian period , local warlord Muraoka Tamemichi established Kinugasa Castle in 1063. He became

1575-500: The nuclear-powered aircraft carrier USS George Washington was employed at the US naval base near this city. About 70 people, residents and firefighters took part in the drill. Firefighters ordered the residents of the city to stay indoors, assuming abnormally high levels of radiation around the US base. Radioactive contamination was controlled in the emergency response center by city officials. The US Navy refused to take part this, because of

1620-544: The opening of Japan , under the command of Commodore Matthew Perry . The expedition arrived on July 14, 1853 at Uraga Harbor (present-day Yokosuka ) in Kanagawa Prefecture , Japan . Though their hulls were not black, their coal -fired steam engines belched black smoke. Their arrival marked the reopening of the country to political dialogue after more than two hundred years of self-imposed isolation. Trade with Western nations followed five years later with

1665-603: The opening of diplomatic and trade relations between Japan and the United States. The Kanrin Maru sailed from Yokosuka in 1860 with the first Japanese diplomatic embassy to the United States in 1860. During the turbulent Bakumatsu period , the Shogunate selected Yokosuka as the site for a modern naval base, and hired the French engineer Léonce Verny in 1865 to oversee the development of shipbuilding facilities, beginning with Yokosuka Iron Foundry. Yokosuka Naval Arsenal became

1710-409: The poem is: Awoken from sleep of a peaceful quiet world by Jokisen tea; with only four cups of it one can't sleep even at night. There is an alternative translation, based on the pivot words. Taihei can refer to the " Pacific Ocean " ( 太平 ) ; jōkisen also means ' steam-powered ships ' ( 蒸気船 ) ; and shihai also means 'four vessels'. The poem, therefore, has a hidden meaning: Breaking

1755-457: The privately owned Uraga Dock Company . Yokosuka Naval District was the home port of the IJN 1st Fleet . The Great Kantō earthquake of 1923 caused severe damage to Yokosuka, including the naval base which lost two years' operations of oil supplies. The city continued to expand in 1933 with the annexation of neighboring Kinugasa Village and Taura Town in 1933 and Kurihama Village in 1937. In 1943,

1800-490: The supposed impossibility of radiation leaking outside the base. In December 2011, another drill was scheduled with Yokosuka and other cities to prepare for the possibility that people on board the ship might be exposed to radiation. One unintended consequence of anti-nuclear sentiment is the construction of coal fired power plants, which causes air pollution and worsens global warming . As of 2020, two coal-fired power plants are proposed to be built in Yokosuka, even despite

1845-425: The war; however, from 1938 to 1945 more than 260 caves in more than 20 separate tunnel/cave networks were built throughout the area, with at least 27 kilometers of known tunnels within the grounds of Yokosuka Naval Base. Many more tunnels are scattered throughout the surrounding areas. During the war, these tunnels and caves provided areas in which work could be done in secrecy, safe from air attacks. A 500-bed hospital,

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1890-614: Was developed as the Yokosuka Naval Air Technical Arsenal , and many of the combat aircraft subsequently operated by the Imperial Japanese Navy Air Service were developed or tested at Yokosuka. Yokosuka Naval Arsenal also continued to expand in the early 20th century, and its production included battleships such as Yamashiro , and aircraft carriers such as Hiryū and Shōkaku . Smaller warships were constructed at

1935-640: Was granted the title of samurai and a fief in Hemi within the boundaries of present-day Yokosuka, due to his services to the Tokugawa shogunate . A monument to Adams (called Miura Anjin in Japanese) is a local landmark in Yokosuka. During the Edo period , Yokosuka tenryō territory was controlled directly by the Tokugawa shogunate , but administered through various hatamoto . Due to its strategic location at

1980-536: Was restricted to Dutch traders on Dejima island at Nagasaki. In 1844, William II of the Netherlands urged Japan to also open the mainland to trade, but was rejected. On July 8, 1853, the U.S. Navy sent four warships into the bay at Edo and threatened to attack if Japan did not begin trade with the West. The ships were Mississippi , Plymouth , Saratoga , and Susquehanna of the Expedition for

2025-517: Was the firearms, arquebuses , which became a major innovation of the Sengoku period —a time of intense internal warfare—when the matchlocks were replicated. Later, they engaged in triangular trade , exchanging silver from Japan with silk from China via Macau . Carracks of 1200 to 1600 tons, named nau do trato ('treaty ship') or nau da China by the Portuguese, engaged in this trade had

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