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62-609: Sejong was founded in 2007 as the new planned capital of South Korea from many parts of the South Chungcheong Province and some parts of North Chungcheong Province to ease congestion in South Korea's current capital and largest city, Seoul , and encourage investment in the country's central region. Since 2012, the government of South Korea has relocated numerous ministries and agencies to Sejong, but many still reside in other cities, primarily Seoul, where

124-407: A port and developed infrastructure. Other cities that were developed following Israel's lineation plan are Shoham , Karmiel and Arad . Modi'in-Maccabim-Re'ut has been another of the country's most successful planned cities. Construction began in 1994 and it now has a population of over 80,000. Modi'in also rates higher in terms of average salary and graduation rates than the national average. It

186-473: A borderline humid subtropical climate ( Köppen : Cwa ) using the −3 °C (27 °F) isotherm. Sejong is divided into 12 haengjeong-dong (administrative neighborhoods), 1 eup (town) and 9 myeon (townships). The 10 haengjeong-dong and Jochiwon-eup is the city main urban centre. * Note: there are no Hanja for Hansol, Dodam, Areum, Goun, Boram, Saerom, Sodam, Dajeong, Eojin, or Haemil as they are native Korean words. The city aimed to have

248-428: A list of Iran's modern planned cities see: List of Iran's planned cities . According to politics of country settlement a number of planned cities were created in peripheral regions. De facto all the cities which have Jewish population its new Jewish side have been planned like New Acre and Nazareth Illit. Those cities also known as Development Towns . The most successful is Ashdod with more than 200,000 inhabitants,

310-534: A population of 200,000 in 2012, 300,000 by 2020 and 500,000 by 2030. In 2017, it had a population of 281,120. As of 30 June 2020, Sejong had a population of 351,007. As of 2018, Sejong had a higher proportion of children than the South Korean average. Religion in Sejong (2015) The census from 2015 indicated that the majority of Sejong residents did not belong to any particular religion. Protestantism

372-533: A primary function, but also aspire to create an all-inclusive urban environment. Japan's New Town program is heavily informed by the Anglo-American Garden City tradition, American neighborhood design, as well as Soviet strategies of industrial development. In 2002 Prime Minister Junichiro Koizumi announced the end of new town construction, although the new towns continue to receive government funding and redevelopment. Sources: Naypyidaw

434-726: A result, Nationalist forces constructed several military dependents' villages that were intended to be temporary housing for party members and their families to regain Mainland China from the Communists . Many of these neighborhoods became permanent and still exist today. Beginning in the 1950s, the Taiwan Provincial Government was moved out of Taipei to central Taiwan for security reasons. Several new planned communities were created to house these government employees. The first planned community under

496-531: A significant impact on the relationship between the ROK and other countries such as the US and Denmark. June 2015 saw South Korea publish its Nationally Determined Contribution (NDC), an initiative by which countries focus on improving their environmental goals. The country set the aim of lowering emissions by 37% by 2030. As well as this, South Korea has participated in many initiatives to lower their carbon footprint such as

558-744: A total of nine new towns: In the period of the Persian Safavid Empire, Isfahan , the Persian capital, was built according to a planned scheme, consisting of a long boulevard and planned housing and green areas around it. In modern-day Iran more than 20 planned cities have been developed or are under construction, mostly around Iran's main metropolitan areas such as Tehran , Isfahan , Shiraz and Tabriz . Some of these new cities are built for special purposes such as: 576,000 people were planned to be settled in Iran's new towns by 2005. For

620-997: Is a city specially planned, designed and built to be a capital. Several of the world's national capitals are planned capitals, including Canberra in Australia, Brasília in Brazil, Belmopan in Belize, New Delhi in India, Abuja in Nigeria, Islamabad in Pakistan, Naypyidaw in Myanmar (Burma), Washington, D.C. in the United States, the modern parts of Astana in Kazakhstan, and Ankara in Turkey. In Indonesia, Nusantara

682-503: Is a planned city and was built mainly in the 1980s. Several other cities are under development to accommodate the rapidly growing population, some of which include: Eko Atlantic City , a planned city of Lagos State being constructed on land reclaimed from the Atlantic Ocean. Upon completion, the new city which is still under development, is anticipating 250,000 residents and a daily flow of 150,000 commuters. Centenary City , in

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744-577: Is an ancient town in Tekes County , Ili Kazakh Autonomous Prefecture , Xinjiang, with a shape of a ba gua . In modern China, many special economic zones are developed from the sketch, for example, Pudong , a new district of Shanghai. Quezon City was the planned city of President Manuel L. Quezon , who had earlier proposed a new city to be built on land northeast of the City of Manila . Carefully planned districts include Santa Mesa Heights (part of

806-728: Is carefully planned and development provides plenty of room for public housing projects. Rail transport is usually available at a later stage. The first towns are Sha Tin , Tsuen Wan , Tuen Mun and Tseung Kwan O . Tuen Mun was intended to be self-reliant, but was not successful at the beginning and maintained as a dormitory town up until the recent decades like the other new towns. More recent developments are Tin Shui Wai and North Lantau . The government also plans to build such towns in Hung Shui Kiu , Ping Che - Ta Kwu Ling , Fanling North and Kwu Tung North. At present, there are

868-558: Is planned to be inaugurated on 17 August 2024, and in Egypt a new capital city (to the east of Cairo) is under construction. Putrajaya , the federal administrative and judicial centre of Malaysia , is also a planned city. Abu Dhabi (UAE) and some of the recently built cities in the Persian Gulf region are also planned cities. Sejong was constructed to be a planned-administrative capital of South Korea. The city of Gaborone

930-584: Is tentatively set for 2029. The 2015 tvN television series Let's Eat 2 was based in Sejong. During the month of April, various Sejong Spring Festival celebrations were held throughout the city such as those celebrating cherry blossoms , peach blossoms , and flower arrangements . The 2018 Peace Spring Flower Festival of the Sejong Restoration Center was held under the sponsorship of the Jochiwon, Peach Festival Promotion Committee. It

992-517: Is the capital of Myanmar. It is administered by the Naypyidaw Union Territory , as per the 2008 Constitution . On 6 November 2005, the administrative capital of Myanmar was officially moved to a greenfield 3.2 km west of Pyinmana , and approximately 300 km north of Yangon (Rangoon), the previous capital. The capital's official name was announced on 27 March 2006, coinciding with Myanmar's Armed Forces Day . Much of

1054-532: The Federal Capital Territory , is another planned smart city under development. The city is designed to become a major tourist attraction to the country. A list of Nigerian cities and neighbourhoods that went through a form of planning are as follows: A number of cities were set up during the apartheid-era for a variety of ethnic groups. Planned settlements set up for white inhabitants included Welkom , Sasolburg and Secunda . Additionally

1116-581: The Ministry Of Foreign Affairs , Ministry of Unification , Ministry of Justice , Ministry of National Defense , and Ministry of Gender Equality and Family . Sejong was specifically designed to be a " smart city ", and is sometimes referred to as Sejong smart city . It is the leading smart city in Korea, and is often held up as the standard for other cities experimenting with the development of smart city infrastructure. By 2019, there

1178-485: The National Assembly and many important government bodies remain. Sejong has a population of 351,007 as of 2020 and covers a geographic area of 465.23 km (179.63 sq mi ), making it the least-populous and smallest first-level administrative division in South Korea. Sejong is located in the west-central Hoseo region, bordering South Chungcheong to the west, Daejeon to the south, and North Chungcheong to

1240-595: The new towns movement in particular, mainly in the United Kingdom . It was also common in the European colonization of the Americas to build according to a plan either on fresh ground or on the ruins of earlier Native American villages. A model city is a type of planned city designed to a high standard and intended as a model for others to imitate. The term was first used in 1854. A planned capital

1302-423: The 1950s, to accommodate rapidly growing populations. In the early days the term "satellite towns" was used. The very first new towns included Tsuen Wan and Kwun Tong . Wah Fu Estate was built in a remote corner on Hong Kong Island , with similar concepts in a smaller scale. In the late 1960s and the 1970s, another stage of new town developments was launched. Nine new towns have been developed to date. Land use

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1364-606: The 1980s has precedents in the New Industrial Cities Act of the 1960s. These cities are largely modeled after Tsukuba Academic New Town (Tsukuba Science City) in that they attempt to agglomerate high-tech resources together in a campus-like environment. In the past, the Japanese government had proposed relocating the capital to a planned city, but this plan was cancelled. Overall, Japan's New Town program consists of many diverse projects, most of which focus on

1426-586: The COP21 in Paris, ratifying the document in December 2015. Korea has taken a ‘ green growth ’ approach to climate change but despite these efforts there was actually an increase in coal usage over the past decade. Predictions have shown that Korea is not likely to reach the set targets. The MoFA, however, has been in close contact with Denmark to work together on their Green Growth Alliance (2011) in an attempt to make

1488-485: The Grand National Party retook the presidential office in 2008, then-President Lee Myung-bak opposed the idea of moving government agencies, claiming that it would hurt Seoul's global competitiveness and result in inefficiency. Following Lee's directions, plans were made to make Sejong an industrial, science and education hub instead. This plan was opposed by many, including Roh's allies and some members of

1550-535: The Minister for Trade was also relocated to the Ministry of Trade, Industry and Energy. The minister is supported by two vice-ministers, vice-ministerial-level chancellor of Korea National Diplomatic Academy and Special Representative for Korean Peninsula Peace and Security Affairs. The South Korean MoFA (Ministry of Foreign Affairs) is involved in creating environmental policies and working with countries around

1612-460: The South Korea's government facilities. New Songdo City is a planned international business centre to be developed on 6 square kilometres of reclaimed land along Incheon's waterfront, 65 kilometres west of Seoul and connected to Incheon International Airport by a 10-kilometre highway bridge. This 10-year development project is estimated to cost in excess of $ 40 billion, making it the largest private development project ever undertaken anywhere in

1674-555: The assessment of international and overseas public relations. The top priority for the Ministry was initially to focus on the “international recognition of the new Korean government as the only legitimate one on the Korean peninsula”. Shortly after the Ministry was established, overseas missions in the United States, the United Kingdom and France were set up. In 1963 the Educational Institute of Foreign Service Officers

1736-479: The background was Guangfu New Village , located in Wufeng, Taichung . After Guangfu New Village, other communities were created as well: Ministry of Foreign Affairs (South Korea) South Korea 's Ministry of Foreign Affairs ( MOFA ; Korean :  외교부 ; Hanja :  外交部 ) is in charge of the country's foreign relations , as well as handling matters related to overseas Korean nationals . It

1798-638: The capital on 24 June 1976. He then created a metropolitan area called Metro Manila , which remains congested today due to failed execution of the Quezon City plan as well as the Burnham Plan. Other planned cities (in order of foundation): King Abdullah Economic City , a future planned city along the Red Sea located in Saudi Arabia. In 1975, Jubail Industrial City, also known as Jubail ,

1860-658: The city was still under construction as late as 2012. As of 2009, the population was 925,000, which makes it Myanmar's third largest city, after Yangon and Mandalay . Many ancient cities in China , especially those on the North China Plain , were carefully designed according to the fengshui theory, featuring square or rectangular city walls, rectilinear road grid, and symmetrical layout. Famous examples are Chang'an in Tang dynasty and Beijing. An exception to that

1922-540: The country. According to the former Interior Minister Maeng Hyung-gyu in 2012, "Sejong is a symbol of the country's efforts toward more balanced regional development," helping to decongest Seoul and spur investment in the country's central region. In October 2004, the Constitutional Court dealt a setback to President Roh's plans, ruling that the capital must remain in Seoul in response to a complaint filed by

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1984-530: The east. The construction of the city is expected to be completed in 2030, at which time 500,000 people are expected to live there. Sejong was named in honor of King Sejong the Great , the fourth king of the Joseon Dynasty and creator of the Korean alphabet, Hangul . The city was formed by combining Yeongi County , the county of South Chungcheong Province from which the majority of the city's territory

2046-597: The late 1970s, it became national policy to construct new desert towns in Egypt, managed by the New Urban Communities Authority . In 2012, President Teodoro Obiang decided to move the capital to a new jungle site at Oyala . Konza Technology City is a planned city that is hoped to become a hub of African science and technology upon its completion in 2030. Tatu City is also another planned city located in Kiambu county. The capital, Abuja ,

2108-740: The main opposition, the conservative Grand National Party . As such, the Roh administration was forced to modify the project to relocate the majority of government ministries and institutions to Sejong, which would become a special administrative city instead of a new capital. The revised plan was approved by the National Assembly in March 2005. Challenges to the new plan were rejected by the Constitutional Court in November 2005. When

2170-531: The majority of settlements in South Africa were planned in their early stages and the original town centres still lie in a grid street fashion. Some settlements were also set up for non-whites such as the former homeland capital of Bisho . The terrains of Hong Kong are mostly mountainous and many places in the New Territories have limited access to roads. Hong Kong started developing new towns in

2232-459: The ministry's name was changed to Ministry of Foreign Affairs and Trade (MOFAT, 외교통상부), and it was given jurisdiction over external trade. In 2013, it reverted to its earlier name of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs following Park Geun-hye’s reorganisation plan, and the responsibility for trade matters was handed over to the Ministry of Knowledge Economy, which was renamed the Ministry of Trade, Industry and Energy (MOTIE). Due to this change, Office of

2294-684: The nearest airport to Sejong. Sejong is centrally located on Gyeongbu Line operated by Korail . It's a 90-minute journey on the Mugunghwa-ho to Seoul and trains run approximately every 30 minutes. Located just outside Jochiwon-eup limits in Osong, Cheongwon has a KTX station named Osong Station which is a Korea Train Express bullet train that frequently travels 300 km/h (190 mph). Osong station opened in 2010. There has also been some debate concerning opening another KTX station within

2356-545: The new Sejong City close to the bus terminal to the south. In April 2019, a feasibility study was completed and approved an extension of Daejeon Metro Line 1 from Banseok station in Daejeon, accessing the southern bus terminal in Sejong, and ending at the Government Complex Sejong. Of the five new stations that are set to open over the new 14 km of tracks, four of which will be in Sejong. Opening

2418-401: The new city is not only too lackluster to draw residents away from Seoul, but also difficult to access and poorly designed." Sejong is surrounded by the two provinces of South and North Chungcheong , as well as the metropolitan city of Daejeon . It is about 121 kilometres (75 mi) south from Seoul . Sejong City has a humid continental climate ( Köppen : Dwa ), but can be considered

2480-432: The new urban fringe). Other New Towns act as industrial/academic agglomerations ( sangyo-shuseki ) ( Tsukuba Science City , Kashima Port Town). These areas attempt to create an all-inclusive environment for daily living, in accordance with Uzō Nishiyama 's "life-spheres" principle. Japan has also developed the concept of new towns to what Manuel Castells and Sir Peter Hall call technopolis . The technopolis program of

2542-686: The original Burnham Plan for Manila), the Diliman Estate (includes the University of the Philippines ), New Manila, the Cubao Commercial District, South Triangle, Housing Projects 1 (Roxas District), 2 and 3 (Quirino District), 4, 5 (Kamias-Kamuning District), 6, 7, and 8. President Elpidio Quirino proclaimed Quezon City as the national capital on 17 July 1948, with President Ferdinand Marcos restoring Manila as

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2604-539: The period of rapid economic growth in the 1960s, but construction continued into the 1980s. Most of them are located near Tokyo and the big cities in Kansai region. Some towns, ( Senri New Town , Tama New Town ) do not provide much employment, and many of the residents commute to the nearby cities. These towns fostered the infamous congestion of commuter trains (although as the metropolitan areas have grown, this commute has become relatively short in comparison to commutes from

2666-588: The provision of schools, hospitals, parks, sports complexes, and so on. Singapore's expertise in successful new town design was internationally recognised when the Building and Social Housing Foundation (BSHF) of the United Nations awarded the World Habitat Award to Tampines New Town, which was selected as a representative of Singapore's new towns, on 5 October 1992. Since 2007 Sejong

2728-580: The ruling Grand National Party, including Lee's arch-rival and eventual successor, Park Geun-hye . Defeat in the mid-2010 local elections forced Lee to present his proposal to the National Assembly where it was voted down. In December 2008, construction for the Sejong Government Complex started. After level 1 of the construction was completed in November 2012, level 2 was finished in November 2013, and finished construction in November 2014. In July 2012, Sejong Special Self-Governing City

2790-527: The vast majority of the approximately 11,000 public housing buildings are organised into 22 new towns across the country. Each new town is designed to be completely self-sustainable. Helmed by a hierarchy of commercial developments, ranging from a town centre to precinct-level outlets, there is no need to venture out of town to meet the most common needs of residences. Employment can be found in industrial estates located within several towns. Educational, health care, and recreational needs are also taken care of with

2852-538: The world to achieve sustainable development goals (SDGs). As such they are hosting the P4G Seoul Summit in late May 2021. The event will be done online due to the COVID-19 crisis, and will look into improving the current climate change situation. The summit will look into improving the global public-private cooperation. The foreign minister Chung Eui-yong is particularly involved in this initiative as this has

2914-677: The world. Gwanggyo newtown is located 25 km south away from Seoul in Suwon city and Youngin city, Gyeonggi province. Gwanggyo newtown area 11 square kilometers was designated in 2004 by Gyeonggi Province, Suwon city, Youngin city, and Gyeonggi Development Corporation (GICO). It will accommodate more than 31,000 households. Gwanggyo newtown was not only for the housing supply but also for several regional goals such as provincial office movement, convention center building, and creating economic growth core in Gyeonggi provincial area. Its infrastructure

2976-716: Was South Chungcheong Province , and the complex was completed on November 16, 2013. The ceremony to mark the movement of several government agencies to the complex occurred on December 23, 2013. Government Complex Sejong includes the head offices of: Several MOLIT agencies, the Korea Office of Civil Aviation (KOCA), the Korean Maritime Safety Tribunal (KMST), and the Aviation and Railway Accident Investigation Board (ARAIB), have their headquarters in Government Complex Sejong. Sejong Lake Park

3038-507: Was built from 1868, following an American grid plan , and is today the fifth-largest city in Japan. Both these cities have regular addressing systems (following the grid) unlike the usual subdivision-based Japanese addressing system . Borrowing from the New Town movement in the United Kingdom, some 30 new towns have been built all over Japan. Most of these constructions were initiated during

3100-399: Was ceded, and other counties. In 2003, then-President Roh Moo-hyun sought to relocate the national capital of South Korea from the metropolitan city of Seoul to a new multifunctional administrative city in the center of the country. The goal was to reduce the influence and dominance of Seoul on national governance and economics, whilst promoting the regional development of other areas of

3162-506: Was completed in March 2013 and has various theme facilities in the park, including the square fountain. The size is 705,768m and the lake area is 322,800m. The Sejong National Arboretum is the first urban arboretum in Korea and the largest indoor arboretum in Korea. There are 1.72 million plants of 2834 species available. There is an admission fee of 5,000 won for adults. Sejong is served by Cheongju International Airport in Cheongju ,

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3224-512: Was created by combining all of Yeongi County , three townships of Gongju and one township of Cheongwon County . Jochiwon was the main city within Yeongi. In April 2013, the city government of Putrajaya , Malaysia signed a letter of intent (LOI) with the government of Sejong City to mark cooperation between the two planned capitals. As of 2019, 12 ministries were relocated to the city. As such, only 5 ministries continue to remain in Seoul;

3286-507: Was designated as a new industrial city by the Saudi government . It provides 50% of the country's drinking water through desalination of the water from the Persian Gulf . The new town planning concept was introduced into Singapore with the building of the first New Town, Queenstown , from July 1952 to 1973 by the country's public housing authority, the Housing and Development Board . Today,

3348-546: Was designed and planned by Israeli architect Moshe Safdie . Many Israeli settlements follow this model, including towns like Modi'in Illit and Betar Illit . The city of Kyoto was developed as a planned city in 794 as a new imperial capital (then called Heian-kyō ), built on a grid layout and remained the capital for over a millennium. The grid layout remains, reflected in major east–west streets being numbered, such as 4th street ( 四条 , shi-jō ) . In modern times, Sapporo

3410-588: Was disagreement among experts as to whether Sejong had "lived up to expectations. ...Sejong uses its new development to market itself as an alternative to Seoul, offering luxury living at a fraction of the cost. It boasts shiny state-of-the-art condominiums, ample public green space and smart and sustainable city tech , like automated trash collection and zero-waste food disposal, electric car charging and sharing stations, solar-powered buildings, interactive digital signage, closed-circuit television security and fine dust emergency alerts. [It] has sparked criticism that

3472-874: Was established on 17 July 1948. Its main office is located in the MOFA Building in Jongno District , Seoul . The ministry previously had its headquarters in a facility in Doryeom-dong in Jongno District. The Ministry of Foreign Affairs was created in 1948 following the Government Organisation Law under the Rhee Syng-man administration. It undertook matters of foreign policy, protection of overseas Korean nationals, international economy, treaties, diplomacy and

3534-479: Was established to further educate foreign public officials and improve their work efficiency. In 1965 the Educational institute became the Research Institute of Foreign Affairs. In December, 1976 the Research Institute was reorganised again to become the Institute for Foreign Affairs and Security. In 2012, this institution developed into the Korea National Diplomatic Academy and has the largest research and training institution of its kind within South Korea. In 1998,

3596-433: Was planned and constructed in the 1960s. Company towns During the construction of the Suez Canal in the 1860s, and after, new towns were planned and built to serve the new international shipping canal. Other smaller company towns were built during the 20th Century to serve oil exploration sites and factories. The larger towns have since been incorporated into mainstream local government. New urban communities In

3658-434: Was planned as the new capital, but it is becoming the de facto administrative capital instead, with many national government agencies and research institutes moving there between 2013 and present. It has a planned population of 0.8 million, which is the largest of all the newtown development plans. The head of the domestic-administration, the Prime Minister of South Korea also resides in Sejong, along with more than 65% of

3720-553: Was prepared as a five-sensory satisfaction program to enjoy parts of nature such as peach flower, pear flower , mustard blossom , and to avoid becoming a performance-oriented festival. Planned community#Planned capitals A planned community , planned city , planned town , or planned settlement is any community that was carefully planned from its inception and is typically constructed on previously undeveloped land. This contrasts with settlements that evolve organically. The term new town refers to planned communities of

3782-440: Was scheduled to be constructed by 2012. Since the 1990s, several planned communities were built in the Seoul Metropolitan Area to alleviate housing demands in Seoul . They include: After losing the Chinese Civil War , the central government of China and its government forces retreated to the former Qing province and later Japanese colony of the island of Taiwan, which was still a Japanese territory under Allied occupation. As

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3844-454: Was the most common religion with around 19.9% of the population being adherents, followed by Buddhism at 13.9% and Roman Catholicism at 7.9%. The South Korean government plans to move 36 government ministries and agencies to Sejong City. Government Complex Sejong is located in Sejong City. The complex, on a 213,000-square-metre (2,290,000 sq ft) plot of land, has seven stories and one basement. Construction began in November 2011 in what

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