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17-506: Yuanmiao Temple (simplified Chinese: 元妙观 ; traditional Chinese: 元妙觀 ; pinyin: Yuánmiào Guàn ), may refer to: Yuanmiao Temple (Putian) , in Putian, Fujian, China Yuanmiao Temple (Huizhou) , in Huizhou, Fujian, China Topics referred to by the same term [REDACTED] This disambiguation page lists articles associated with

34-587: Is different from Wikidata All article disambiguation pages All disambiguation pages Yuanmiao Temple (Putian) Xuanmiao Temple was originally built in 628, under the Tang dynasty (618–907). The name was changed into "Tianqing Temple" ( 天庆观 ) during the Song dynasty (960–1279), and then to the "Xuanmiao Temple" ( 玄妙观 ) in 1296 in the following Yuan dynasty (1271–1368). In 1662, Qing dynasty (1644–1911) Kangxi Emperor ascended

51-415: Is the entrance gate of a Buddhist temple. In ancient times, nearly all Buddhist temples had a single Shanmen gate leading into a large hall for the temple. Today, it is observed that most of the surviving Chinese Buddhist temples follow the hall style but have three main gates incorporated into their construction. After successive wars and cultural discontinuity, most Chan Buddhist temples have changed

68-526: The Eastern Han Dynasty (25-220), however, the Chinese people cast two Nio to safeguard the mount gate. This is to satisfy the Chinese custom of deities being in pairs. The Nio wear crowns, ethereal clothes (exposing the well-developed muscles of their upper bodies), and knee-length skirts. The Nio have wide-open eyes and protruding noses. They hold weapons in their hands and angrily glare at

85-715: The Ministry of Culture appropriated a large sum of money for reconstructing the Hall of Three Purities. In 1961, the Fujian Provincial Government inscribed it as a provincial level cultural heritage. Repairs were carried out in 1975 and again in 1986. In 1996, it was listed among the fourth batch of " Major National Historical and Cultural Sites in Fujian " by the State Council of China . Along

102-722: The Qing dynasty (1644–1911), respectively in the ruling of Jiaqing Emperor (1797), in the reign of Xianfeng Emperor (1851–1861) and in the Gaungxu era (1875–1908). During the Republic of China , the temple was used as barracks for the Nationalists. After the establishment of the Communist State , the temple was used as campus for Putian No. 4 High School and Putian Normal College. In October 1956,

119-706: The "Hall of Three Liberations" or "Hall of the Mountain Gate". Traditionally, if the Shanmen takes the form of a gate building, the statues of two figures from Buddhist lore are erected in that hall to guard the entrance, identified as " Heng and Ha " or the " A-un " Nio in Japanese. Such is the arrangement at the Jietai Temple in Beijing. In some Chan temples, the Shanmen building is combined with

136-598: The "Yakasha Deity" ( 夜叉神 ) or "Zhijingang" ( 執金剛 ). Vajra originally refers to the short metal weapon of the King of All Heavenly Deities, named Indra in Indian mythology . It symbolises solidness and sharpness in Buddhism. Nio is a Dharmapala who protects Buddhism with the ever present Vajra in his hand. Originally, there was one Nio incorporated into a temple. After the introduction of Buddhism from India to China during

153-760: The Four Heavenly Kings with the Shanmen, so that the entrance building also features the statue of the Maitreya Buddha at the centre, as well as the Four Heavenly Kings on the sides. Such an arrangement is found at the Lingyin Temple , in Hangzhou , Zhejiang Province , China. In niches positioned on both sides of a Shanmen Hall, there will be enshrined a statue of a heavenly deity with a Vajra in his hand. These deities are called Nio —Buddha's warrior attendant. They may also be known as

170-479: The God of Blessing ( 福神殿 ). The Hall of Three Purities in the main hall in the temple with double-eaves gable and hip roofs. It is 7 rooms wide and 6 rooms deep and still maintains the architectural style of Song dynasty (960–1279). Shanmen The Gate of Shanmen or Hall of the Shanmen or simply Shanmen ( simplified Chinese : 山门殿 ; traditional Chinese : 山門殿 ; pinyin : Shānméndiàn ) ,

187-537: The Hall of the Four Heavenly Kings , so that the Four Heavenly Kings serve as guardians of the gateway to the monastery. In other Chan temples, the Shanmen building is combined with the Maitreya Hall, with a statue of the Maitreya Buddha erected in the centre of the hall. This is the arrangement seen at Shaolin and Longhua temples. Some Chan temples combine both the Maitreya Hall and the Hall of

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204-485: The central axis of the temple stand five buildings including the Shanmen , Hall of Three Purities ( 三清殿 ), Hall of Jade Emperor ( 玉皇殿 ), Hall of Four Officials ( 九御四官殿 ) and Hall of Wenchang ( 文昌殿 ). Subsidiary structures were built on both sides of the central axis including the Hall of Five Emperors ( 五帝殿 ), Hall of Dongyue ( 东岳殿 ), Hall of Wuxian ( 五显殿 ), Hall of Xiyue ( 西岳殿 ), Hall of Lord Guan ( 关帝殿 ) and Hall of

221-525: The middle gate into a hall entrance, called "Hall of Shanmen". The Shanmen is the most important gate of a Chan Buddhist sect temple. One theory is that " Shanmen " takes its literal meaning of "Mountain Gate", because temples were traditionally built in forested mountain areas where Chan monks could seclude away from secular life. Another suggests that during various episodes of suppression of Buddhism in Chinese history, monks moved their monasteries deep into

238-484: The mountains, and later built gates at the foot of the mountain to guide pilgrims to the temples. A further theory is that "Shanmen" is a corruption of "Sanmen", or "Three Gates", referring to the "three gateways" to liberations. ( 三解脫門 ) in the Dharma – the "Kongmen" ( 空門 ; emptiness liberation), "wuxiangmen" ( 無相門 ; no-aspects liberation) and "wuyuanmen" ( 無愿門 ; desireless liberation). This latter view correlates with

255-606: The throne, due to the social taboo of "Xuan" ("Xuan" is the name of Kangxi Emperor), its name was changed into "Yuanmiao Temple" ( 元妙观 ). In 1407, in the early Ming dynasty (1368–1644), Taoist priest Fang Rudiao ( 方汝调 ) and Bu Zhisheng ( 步志升 ) repaired the Hall of Jade Emperor. In 1564, Magistrate Yi Daotan ( 易道谭 ) restored the Shanmen . In 1582, Hall of Three Purities, Hall of Dongyue, Hall of Wenchang and Hall of Zhenwu were gradually renovated and refurbished by Lin Zhao'en ( 林兆恩 ). Yuanmiao Temple underwent three renovations in

272-454: The title Yuanmiao Temple . If an internal link led you here, you may wish to change the link to point directly to the intended article. Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Yuanmiao_Temple&oldid=1184547233 " Category : Disambiguation pages Hidden categories: Articles containing simplified Chinese-language text Articles containing traditional Chinese-language text Short description

289-498: The traditional structure of Chan temples which included three gateways, said to symbolise the three gateways. Historic Shanmens in China are either a gateway of the paifang style, or a more substantial building, typically with three archways. When a more substantial temple building is built, the two side gateways might be simplified to arched or circular windows, leaving only the middle gate for access. The gate building may be called

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