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36-410: Yunga may refer to: Yunga region of Peru, Bolivia, and northern Argentina Yunga District , a district of Peru two provinces of Bolivia: Nor Yungas Province and Sud Yungas Province Yunga language (Peru) Yunga language (Australia) Yunga people (Australia) , an ethnic group See also [ edit ] Yungas Cocalera Revolution,

72-405: A t i o n   i n   m m 25 ) {\displaystyle (100-{\tfrac {mean\ annual\ precipitation\ in\ mm}{25}})} to 60 mm. Tropical wet and dry or savanna climate's P dry should be less than ( 100 − m e a n   a n n u a l   p r e c i p i t

108-405: A t i o n   i n   m m 25 ) {\displaystyle (100-{\tfrac {mean\ annual\ precipitation\ in\ mm}{25}})} . Tropical climates normally have only two seasons, a wet season and a dry season. Depending on the location of the region, the wet and dry seasons can have varying duration. Annual temperature changes in the tropics are small. Due to

144-425: A subtropical climate with ample seasonal rains. The average temperature fluctuates between 20 °C and 25 °C depending on the altitude (max 35 °C, min 11 °C). Concept: The concept of the east side of the continental divide is straightforward: 1,000 m above sea level it is 4.9 °C cooler, and the subtropical cloud forest (Fluvial Yunga) follows the tropical rainforest (Anti). At 2,300 m,

180-499: A network of zip lines that permit rapid travel from peak to peak by farmers, referred to locally as flying men or bird men, along with their harvests using "zip line trollies." Tropical climate Tropical climate is the first of the five major climate groups in the Köppen climate classification identified with the letter A . Tropical climates are defined by a monthly average temperature of 18 °C (64 °F) or higher in

216-677: A political group in Bolivia Yungas Road , a cycle route in Bolivia Topics referred to by the same term [REDACTED] This disambiguation page lists articles associated with the title Yunga . If an internal link led you here, you may wish to change the link to point directly to the intended article. Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Yunga&oldid=1113161469 " Categories : Disambiguation pages Place name disambiguation pages Hidden categories: Short description

252-514: A short dry season which almost always occurs in the winter. The tropical monsoon climate is often found within countries in the south and southeast Asia region between the latitude of 10 degrees north and the Tropic of Cancer. It can also be found in West Africa and South America. The annual temperature of regions under tropical monsoon climate is also stable. The tropical monsoon climate has

288-414: Is between 20 and 30 °C (68 and 86 °F). In summer, the temperature is between 25 °C and 30 °C, while in winter the temperature is between 20 °C and 30 °C, but still stays above an 18 °C mean. The annual precipitation is between 700 and 1000 mm. The driest months are generally in the winter and they have less than 60 mm of rainfall (often much less). Regions under

324-515: Is called the canopy tree layer which has trees from 25 to 40 meters tall and those trees grow closely while above is the emergent layer with sporadic trees taller than 35 meters. Tropical savanna climates , or tropical wet and dry climates, are mainly located between the 10° and 25° north-south latitudes, and often occur at the outer margins of the tropics. Typical regions include central Africa, parts of South America, as well as northern and eastern Australia. The temperature range of savanna climate

360-517: Is considered a natural region on both sides of the Peruvian Andes, the western side towards the coast is called Sea Yunga, and the eastern side into the jungle is called Fluvial Yunga, both reach a height of 2,300 m. Instead, Yungas is the ecoregion of rain forest and montane forest from 1.000 to 3.500 m, so it is limited to the eastern side of the Andes. This concept has a closer analogy with

396-529: Is different from Wikidata All article disambiguation pages All disambiguation pages Language and nationality disambiguation pages Yunga region During the Inca Empire , the term yunga referred to both the western and eastern slopes of the Andes and their inhabitants. In the Spanish colonial era , it became primarily associated with the western foothills near the desert coast and

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432-618: Is extremely rugged and varied, contributing to the ecological diversity and richness. A complex mosaic of habitats occur with changing latitude as well as elevation. There are high levels of biodiversity and species endemism throughout the Yungas regions. Many of the forests are evergreen, and the South Andean Yungas contains what may be the last evergreen forests resulting from Quaternary glaciations. The World Wide Fund for Nature has delineated three yungas ecoregions along

468-457: Is intense in these climates. There are three basic types of tropical climates within the tropical climate group: tropical rainforest climate ( Af ), tropical monsoon climate ( Am ) and tropical savanna or tropical wet and dry climate ( Aw for dry winters, and As for dry summers), which are classified and distinguished by the precipitation and the precipitation levels of the driest month in those regions. The Köppen climate classification

504-511: Is more vaguely characterized. The dry and cool Yunga Coastal begins at 500 m above sea level. The Maritime Yunga begins dry, and it seems to follow ecotone on ecotone until reaching the Quechua region at the Pacific side. Fluvial Yunga is between the altitudes of 1,000 metres (3,300 ft) and 2,300 metres (7,500 ft) and is found on the eastern part of Peru. This sub-region has

540-399: Is one of the most widely used climate classification systems. It defines a tropical climate as a region where the mean temperature of the coldest month is greater than or equal to 18 °C (64 °F) and does not fit into the criteria for B-group climates, classifying them as an A-group (tropical climate group). A-group regions are usually found in the tropics , below 23.5 latitude in both

576-414: The avocado or palta . The Afro Bolivian community is concentrated here. Its name derives from the one applied for the same mountain level by those who study the economic system of the prehispanic Andes. The Yungas also contains one of the most deadly roads in the world, called the "camino de la muerte," or Highway of Death . Due to the mountainous terrain an entrepreneurial coca harvester created

612-547: The Bolivian Yungas. This region is considered as the most endemic biodiversity of Peru. Forest loss in the Peruvian Yungas has sharply accelerated since the 2000s, rising seven-fold between 2005 and late 2012, according to satellite analysis by Terra-i. Sea Yunga , or Maritime Yunga, is found between 500 and 2,300 m and it is situated between the eastern part of the coastal strip and the western part of

648-537: The Highlands. This subregion has a subtropical desert climate with little rainfall along the central and southern coast (drier as you go south). The average year round day temperature is 21 °C (70 °F) (max 33 °C min 8 °C). A mist-fed ecosystem called Lomas is found at scattered locations among hills near the Pacific Ocean at elevations up to 1,000 metres (3,300 ft). The flora in

684-531: The Northern Zaire (Congo) basin of Africa, and the islands of the East Indies. The tropical rainforest climate differs from other subtypes of tropical climates as it has more kinds of trees due to its precipitation . The large number of trees contribute back to the humidity of the climate because of the transpiration, which is the process of water evaporated from the surface of living plants to

720-523: The Yunga region is characterized by the long-tailed mockingbird , or chaucato. Andean Continental Divide Mountain Top: In the early 20th century, the region was a major source for rubber and quinine . Now, coffee , citrus , and coca are important crops. People cultivate native plants like the canistel or eggfruit tree the lúcuma tree , the cherimoya or chirimoya , the guava or guayabo and

756-539: The Yunga region is mainly composed by the Peruvian pepper tree , the Furcraea , white cabuya (Furcraea andina), the pitahaya and the Peruvian torch cactus ( Echinopsis peruviana ). The coca leaf is established in this region as well as the uña de gato ("cat's claw", Uncaria tomentosa ). The most attractive sites of this warm refreshing region are its many orchid forests and beautiful valleys. The fauna in

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792-498: The atmosphere. The warmth and abundant precipitation heavily contributes to the diversity and characteristics of vegetations under the tropical rainforest climate. The vegetations develop a vertical stratification and various growth forms to receive enough sunlight, which is unusual under other types of climate. The Köppen classification tool identifies tropical monsoon climate as having small annual temperature ranges, high temperatures, and plentiful precipitation. This climate also has

828-426: The central Sea Yungas region is mainly composed by the lucuma and cherimoya trees, the casuarin , and others. Once you go north its climate becomes subtropical in the vicinity of La Libertad, Lambayeque and Piura. Day time temperatures average between 21 °C (70 °F) and 25 °C (77 °F) depending on latitude (max 40 °C min 15 °C). As this area approaches the tropics, fauna differs from

864-458: The climate transitions from subtropical climate to temperate climate ( Quechua ). The Tree line ends at 3,500 m and has an annual mean temperature of 10 °C. The region between the tree line and 4,000 m is called Suni or Jalca. Suni is a dry and cold region with many glacial valleys. Despite the harsh weather, crops such as quinoa , maca , qañiwa , broad beans and ulluku are cultivated here. The flora (subtropical cloud forest ) of

900-409: The cool dry season is from fall to late winter, the hot dry season is in the spring and the rainy or monsoon season is near or during the summer months. The tropical monsoon forest mainly consists of three layered structures. The first layer is the surface layer which is a very dense layer of shrubs and grasses. The second layer is the understory layer with trees about 15 meters tall. The top layer

936-408: The coolest month, featuring hot temperatures and high humidity all year-round. Annual precipitation is often abundant in tropical climates, and shows a seasonal rhythm but may have seasonal dryness to varying degrees. There are normally only two seasons in tropical climates, a wet (rainy/ monsoon ) season and a dry season. The annual temperature range in tropical climates is normally very small. Sunlight

972-604: The eastern side of the Andes: Yungas are transitional zones between the Andean highlands and the eastern forests. The yungas forests are extremely diverse, ranging from moist lowland forest to evergreen montane forest and cloud forests. The terrain is extremely rugged and varied, contributing to the ecological diversity and richness. A complex mosaic of habitats occur with changing latitude as well as elevation. There are high levels of biodiversity and species endemism throughout

1008-419: The equator. Tropical rainforest climates have high temperatures: the yearly average temperature is normally between 21 and 30 °C (70 and 86 °F). The precipitation can reach over 100 inches a year. The seasons are evenly distributed throughout the year, and there is almost no drought period here. Regions that contain tropical rainforest climate mainly include the upper Amazon basin of South America,

1044-420: The following main characteristic. The average annual temperature is around 27.05 °C (80.69 °F) and has an average annual temperature range of about 3.6 °C (38.5 °F). Distinction between wet and drought seasons, the tropical monsoon climate is different from other tropical climates because of its uneven precipitation throughout the year. There are three main seasons of tropical monsoon climate:

1080-408: The high temperatures and abundant rainfall, much of the plant life grows throughout the year. High temperature and humidity is the most suitable environment for epiphytes to grow. In many tropical climates, vegetation grow in layers: shrubs under tall trees, bushes under shrubs and grasses under bushes. Tropical plants are rich in resources, including coffee, cocoa and oil palm. Listed below are

1116-497: The local Indians. Today, yunga can refer to the lower slopes on both sides of the Andes, though yungas mostly denotes the eastern foothills between the Andes and the Amazon basin, with both having mostly lost their ethnic associations. The Yungas forests are extremely diverse, ranging from moist lowland forest to evergreen montane forest and cloud forests . The terrain, formed by valleys , fluvial mountain trails and streams ,

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1152-410: The rest of the coast, so that animals like the boas , larger reptiles and the famous white-winged guan (a bird species unique to this Peruvian ecoregion) occur here. Common trees in this area are the faique , the sapote , the zapayal , the barrigon and other thorny tropical savanna trees of the equatorial dry forests on the northern coast of Piura and Tumbes . The cooler Pacific side

1188-482: The southern and northern hemisphere; they include areas around the Equator, Central America, North-central portions of South America, central Africa, southern portions of Asia and parts of North Australia and the Pacific Ocean islands. In Group A, there are three types of this climate: the tropical rainforest climate (Af) , tropical monsoon climate (Am) and tropical wet and dry or savanna climate (Aw or As) . All of

1224-410: The three climates are classified by their P dry (short for precipitation of the driest month). Tropical rainforest climate's P dry should be greater than or equal 60 mm (2.4 in). Tropical monsoon climate's P dry should be in the range from ( 100 − m e a n   a n n u a l   p r e c i p i t

1260-669: The types of vegetation unique to each of the three climates that make up the tropical climate biome. Tropical rainforest vegetation including: Bengal bamboo , bougainvillea , curare , coconut tree , durian and banana . Tropical monsoon vegetation including: teak , deodar , rosewood , sandalwood and bamboo . Tropical wet and dry or savanna vegetation including: acacia senegal , elephant grass , jarrah tree , gum tree eucalyptus and whistling thorn . The Köppen classification identifies tropical rainforest climates (Zone Af: f = "feucht", German for moist) as usually having north and south latitudinal ranges of just 5-10 degrees from

1296-402: The yungas regions. Many of the forests are evergreen, and the South Andean Yungas contains what may be the last evergreen forests resulting from Quaternary glaciations. The average temperature is 72 °F (22 °C). The climate is varied and ranges from a humid tropical to the cold of the Andes over 10,000 ft (3,000 m). In Peru there is a difference between Yunga and Yungas. Yunga

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