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67-528: Kakaʻako was once a thriving Native Hawaiian community with agricultural terraces where Hawaiian royalty once lived. Kamehameha I had a residence with his family and personal kahuna and chief adviser Hewahewa . Hawaiians used the region for fishpond farming, salt making, wetland agriculture and human burials, according to Cultural Surveys Hawaii, which did several reports on the area. Through recent development projects many locations have unearthed ancient Hawaiian burials (iwi) thought to be scattered throughout

134-402: A Skyline rail station, and public open space. Over the course of the next decade, The Howard Hughes Corporation plans to add more than one million square feet of retail shops and 4,000 high-rise residential opportunities. To ensure the development of Ward Village honors the distinct history of Honolulu and Hawaii, The Howard Hughes Corporation engages in thorough and ongoing consultation with

201-564: A redevelopment plan slated the IBM Building for demolition, but public backlash led to its preservation instead. The building was renovated and repurposed by Woods Bagot to be a sales center for Howard Hughes Corporation , as part of the development company's master plan for the surrounding Ward Village development, officially reopening in 2014. Howard Hughes built model units in the building for several of their nearby condominiums , and also utilized it as office space; it occupied

268-553: A Hawaii court making it into HART's favor in this lawsuit. On the Ward Village Master Plan , the land between the Ke Kilohana and Ulana condos is known as "West Village" and it is seen with five conceptual condos yet to be named. If these condos where to be proposed, these would be in a future Phase Six development. Ward Village is a LEED-ND Platinum-Certified project. It is the largest development in

335-588: A Hawaiian language department at the University of Hawaiʻi at Mānoa . Ever since, Hawaiian language fluency has climbed among all races. In 2006, the University of Hawaiʻi at Hilo established a masters program in Hawaiian, and in 2006, a Ph.D program. It was the first doctoral program established for the study of any pre-contact language in the United States . Hawaiian is the primary language of

402-399: A local religion and cultural practices. This new worship centered on the ideas of land ( aina ) and family ( ohana ). Land became a sacred part of life and family. Hawaiian religion is polytheistic , but mostly focuses on the gods Wākea and Papahānaumoku , the mother and father of the Hawaiian islands. Their stillborn child formed the deep roots of Hawaii, and whose second child, Hāloa ,

469-579: A luxury condo that is designed by Studio Gang and is south of A'ali'i and west of the Ward Entertainment Center. There are 566 units in total. Victoria Place is an ultra-luxury development that replaced the original Gateway Towers project. This condo has 350 units and was designed by Solomon Cordwell Buenz. Victoria Ward Park is a park that goes from A'ali'i condo to the Ala Moana Beach Park . This park also replaced

536-425: A mixed luxury/affordable condo that will be adjacent to the separate Our Kakaʻako development. It is designed by Solomon Cordwell Buenz and it will consist of 350 units. Kalae will be a ultra-luxury condo and it will sit east on the intersection of Ward Avenue and Ala Moana Boulevard. It is designed by Solomon Cordwell Buenz and it has 330 total units. The Launiu will a ultra-luxury condo that will sit west on

603-400: A new master plan information center and residential sales gallery in the IBM Building . The towers were completed in 2017 and 2018 respectively. Waiea features 171 residences, including 10 villas and 10 penthouses. The tower is designed by James K.M. Cheng and Hawaii-based Rob Iopa of WCIT Architecture. The interiors of Waiea are created by interior designer, Tony Ingrao and the landscaping

670-474: A policy of preference for Hawaiian place and street names. For example, with the closure of Barbers Point Naval Air Station in the 1990s, the region formerly occupied by the base was renamed Kalaeloa . While Native Hawaiian protest has a long history, beginning just after the overthrow of the Hawaiian Kingdom , many notable protests came during or after the Hawaiian cultural revival. These include

737-598: A race-based government), libertarian activists, (who challenged the accuracy of claims of injustice), and other Native Hawaiian sovereignty activists , (who claimed that the legislation would prevent complete independence from the United States). A Ward Research poll commissioned in 2003 by the Office of Hawaiian Affairs reported that "Eighty-six percent of the 303 Hawaiian residents polled by Ward Research said 'yes.' Only 7 percent said 'no,' with 6 percent unsure ... Of

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804-528: A social media presence and provides law students with summer fellowships. Law school graduates are eligible to apply for post-J.D. fellowships. In 2016, the Department of Interior (DOI), under the direction of Secretary Sally Jewell , started the process of recognizing the Hawaiians' right to self governance and the ability for nation-to-nation negotiation status and rights. This created opposition from

871-594: A steady growth trend over the century. Some Hawaiians left the islands during the period of the Hawaiian Kingdom . For example, Harry Maitey became the first Hawaiian in Prussia . The Native Hawaiian population has increased outside the state of Hawaii , with states such as California and Washington experiencing dramatic increases in total population. Due to a notable Hawaiian presence in Las Vegas ,

938-409: A story via its movements and gestures. Hula Kahiko is a traditional style. Its interpretive dance is known for its grace and romantic feel. Dances are accompanied by percussion instruments and traditional chanting . The traditional instruments include the pahu hula , kilu or puniu , ipu , hano or ʻphe hano ihu , ka , pu , oeoe , pahupahu kaʻekeʻeke , hokio , and wi . Dancers add to

1005-508: A voyage between Hawaii and the island of "Kahiki" (Tahiti) and introduced many customs. Early historians, such as Abraham Fornander and Martha Beckwith , subscribed to this Tahitian invasion theory, but later historians, such as Patrick Kirch , do not mention it. King Kalākaua claimed that Paʻao was from Samoa . Some writers claim that earlier settlers in Hawaiʻi were forced into remote valleys by newer arrivals. They claim that stories about

1072-512: Is a creole that developed during the plantation era in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, mixing words and diction from the various ethnic groups living in Hawaii then. ʻŌlelo Hawaiʻi later became an official language of the State of Hawaii, alongside English . The state enacted a program of cultural preservation in 1978. Programs included Hawaiian language immersion schools, and

1139-657: Is a residential and commercial project led by Kamehameha Schools and Castle & Cooke Homes Hawaiʻi Inc. that aims to improve Hawaiʻi's urban-island lifestyle. The $ 60 million project will add 183 homes to Kakaʻako, with 88 rental units to be developed by Kamehameha Schools and Castle & Cooke developing the remaining 95 units for buyers. The project will redevelop existing properties in Kakaʻako for residential and commercial space, as well as integrate mid-block pedestrian crossways, networked walking paths, complete streetscapes, green spaces, and unique retail experiences. Our Kakaʻako

1206-461: Is a self-governing corporate body of the State of Hawaii created by the 1978 Hawaii State Constitutional Convention . OHA's mandate is to advance the education, health, housing and economics ( Kānaka Maoli ) Native Hawaiians. It relies on ʻohana , moʻomeheu and ʻāina to effect change. OHA conducts research and advocacy to shape public policies. OHA works with communities to share information and build public support for Hawaiian issues. OHA

1273-555: Is celebrated with canoe races and luaus across the islands. Every June 11 Kānaka Maoli celebrate King Kamehameha day . Kamehameha I was the king who unified the islands and established the Kingdom of Hawaiʻi. He was known as a fearless warrior, wise diplomat, and the most respected leader in the history of the Hawaiian monarchy. The holiday is celebrated with parades and lei draping ceremonies, where Kānaka Maoli bring lei (flower necklaces) to King Kamehameha statues located across

1340-521: Is designed by SWA Group. Waiea once had a Nobu's restaurant upon completion which closed and is now a Jinya Ramen Bar. The Anaha tower includes 311 residences, including 73 flats and townhomes. Anaha is collaboratively designed by architecture and design firms Solomon Cordwell Buenz and Ben Woo Architects. The interiors are designed by designer Woods Bagot and the exterior spaces are created by landscape designer Surface Design of San Francisco. A Merriman's restaurant anchors this building. In 2008,

1407-817: Is estimated to take 15–20 years to complete. Ward Village is a 60-acre (24 ha), master-planned community in the Kaka'ako district of Honolulu . It is being developed by The Howard Hughes Corporation . Once completed, this beachfront development will feature fifteen mixed-use residential towers, retail stores, entertainment venues, pedestrian friendly streets and public open space. 21°17′46.73″N 157°51′19.76″W  /  21.2963139°N 157.8554889°W  / 21.2963139; -157.8554889 Native Hawaiian Native Hawaiians (also known as Indigenous Hawaiians , Kānaka Maoli , Aboriginal Hawaiians , or simply Hawaiians ; Hawaiian : kānaka , kānaka ʻōiwi , Kānaka Maoli , and Hawaiʻi maoli ) are

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1474-736: Is planning for up to 30 new buildings to be constructed in the area. The plans have produced protests by residents. HCDA rules allow buildings up to 400 feet high. Kakaʻako's proposed transit-oriented development plan would permit some towers to reach 700 feet, twice as high as the city’s building height limit. Developers can skip the Hawaii Land Use Commission and Honolulu City Council . HCDA staff reviews proposals and its governor-appointed board has approval authority. In 2005, opposition group "Save Our Kakaʻako Coalition" protested Alexander & Baldwin 's plans to build waterfront residential towers known as Kakaʻako Makai, leading

1541-480: Is reinforced by the cultivation of taro , a plant that is said to be the manifestation of Hāloa. The represents the deep roots that tether Hawaiians to the islands, as well as symbolizing the branching networks that Hawaiian people created. Hula is one of Hawai'is best-known indigenous artforms. Traditionally, hula was a ritualistic dance performed to honor the gods and goddesses. Hula is typically categorized as either Hula Kahiko or Hula ʻAuana . Each hula tells

1608-517: Is that the first Polynesians arrived in Hawaii in the 3rd century from the Marquesas by travelling in groups of waka , and were followed by Tahitians in AD 1300, who conquered the original inhabitants. Another is that a single, extended period of settlement populated the islands. Evidence for Tahitian conquest include the legends of Hawaiʻiloa and the navigator-priest Paʻao , who is said to have made

1675-520: Is the Lūʻau . A lūʻau is a traditional Hawaiian banquet, commonly featuring foods such as poi , poke , lomi-lomi salmon , kalua pig , haupia , and entertainment such as ukulele music and hula. One of the most important holidays is Prince Kuhio Day . Celebrated every year since 1949 on his birthday (March 26), the holiday honors Prince Jonah Kūhiō Kalanianaʻole , a Congressman who succeeded in helping Native Hawaiian families become landowners. It

1742-423: Is the god from whom all Hawaiians originate. Hawaiian culture is caste -oriented, with specific roles based on social standing. Caste roles are reflected in how land was controlled. Each island was divided into moku , which were given to people of high standing and kept within the family. Each moku was split into smaller ahupua'a , each of which extended from the sea to the top of the nearest mountain. This

1809-645: The Americas . The current 293,000 include dual lineage Native Hawaiian and mixed lineage/multi-racial people. This was the highest number of any Kānaka Maoli living on the island until 2014, a period of almost 226 years. This long spread was marked by an initial die-off of 1-in-17, which would gradually increase to almost 8–10 dying from contact to the low point in 1950. The 1900 U.S. census identified 37,656 residents of full or partial Native Hawaiian ancestry. The 2000 U.S. census identified 283,430 residents of Native Hawaiian or Pacific Islander ancestry, showing

1876-788: The Apology Resolution , which had previously passed Congress. This resolution "apologizes to Kānaka Maoli on behalf of the people of the United States for the overthrow of the Kingdom of Hawaii". In the early 2000s, the Congressional delegation of the State of Hawaiʻi introduced the Native Hawaiian Federal Recognition Bill (Akaka bill), an attempt to recognize and form a Native Hawaiian government entity to negotiate with state and federal governments. The bill would establish, for

1943-632: The Indigenous Polynesian people of the Hawaiian Islands . Hawaii was settled at least 800 years ago by Polynesians who sailed from the Society Islands . The settlers gradually became detached from their homeland and developed a distinct Hawaiian culture and identity in their new home. They created new religious and cultural structures, in response to their new circumstances and to pass knowledge from one generation to

2010-678: The Kalama Valley protests , the Waiāhole-Waikāne struggle , the Kahoolawe island protests, and protests over the presence and management of astronomical observatories atop Hawaii's mountains, most notably the Thirty Meter Telescope protests . The Hawaiian language (or ʻ Ōlelo Hawaiʻi ) was once the language of native Hawaiian people; today, Kānaka Maoli predominantly speak English . A major factor for this change

2077-854: The Menehune , little people who built heiau and fishponds , prove the existence of ancient peoples who settled the islands before the Hawaiians, although similar stories exist throughout Polynesia. At the time of Captain Cook 's arrival in 1778, the population is estimated to have been between 250,000 and 800,000. This was the peak of the Native Hawaiian population. During the first century after contact, Kānaka Maoli were nearly wiped out by diseases brought by immigrants and visitors. Kānaka Maoli had no resistance to influenza , smallpox , measles , or whooping cough , among others. These diseases were similarly catastrophic to indigenous populations in

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2144-630: The Neal S. Blaisdell Center . On the ocean side is the John A. Burns School of Medicine , part of the University of Hawaiʻi at Mānoa . It is also the location of the University of Hawaiʻi Cancer Center , a research center designated by the National Cancer Institute . The main roads through Kakaʻako are Ala Moana Boulevard and Kapiʻolani Boulevard. In recent years, the area has been diversifying by adding more residential development. HCDA

2211-430: The United States and Asia . The Hawaiian sovereignty movement seeks autonomy or independence for Hawaii. In the 2010 U.S. census , people with Native Hawaiian ancestry were reported to be residents in all 50 of the U.S. states, as well as Washington, D.C. and Puerto Rico. Within the U.S. in 2010, 540,013 residents reported Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander ancestry alone, of which 135,422 lived in Hawaii. In

2278-480: The 301 non-Hawaiians polled, almost eight in 10 (78 percent) supported federal recognition, 16 percent opposed it, with 6 percent unsure." A Zogby International poll commissioned in 2009 by the Grassroot Institute of Hawaii indicated that a plurality (39%) of Hawaiʻi residents opposed it and that 76% indicated that they were unwilling to pay higher taxes to offset any resulting tax revenue loss due to

2345-572: The Hawaiian Sovereignty movement who believed that Kānaka Maoli should not have to navigate US structures to regain sovereignty and viewed the process as incomplete. The outcome ultimately allowed nation-to-nation relationships if Kānaka Maoli created their own government and sought that relationship. The government formation process was stopped by Justice Anthony Kennedy , using his earlier precedent in Rice v. Cayetano that "ancestry

2412-479: The Hawaiian language and incorporate Hawaiian subject matter. These schools are not exclusive to native Hawaiians. Kānaka Maoli are eligible for an education from Kamehameha Schools (KS), established through the last will and testament of Bernice Pauahi Bishop of the Kamehameha Dynasty . The largest and wealthiest private school system in the United States, KS was intended to benefit orphans and

2479-548: The Legislature to effectively kill the project. On 8 March 2014, the coalition rallied to protest against the proposed plans to develop residential homes alongside Kakaʻako's waterfront. The coalition feared that access to the waterfront would be limited and warranted only to residents of the new development, ultimately depriving the Hawaiian people access to this resource and thus violating both Hawaiian law and custom. Office of Hawaiian Affairs (OHA) trustee Peter Apo assured

2546-655: The Mahana condo. This station was cut from the city center construction section, but is still committed to be completed at a later date. However, the Howard Hughes Corporation , owner of Ward Village has been taking the Honolulu Authority of Rapid Transit to court about the land requirements of the Skyline station required requiring a loss of a proposed condo. As of 2024, HART is winning from

2613-663: The Native American Programs Act was amended to include Kānaka Maoli . This paved the way for Kānaka Maoli to become eligible for some federal assistance programs originally intended for continental Native Americans . Today, Title 45 CFR Part 1336.62 defines a Native Hawaiian as "an individual any of whose ancestors were natives of the area which consists of the Hawaiian Islands prior to 1778". On November 23, 1993, U.S. President Bill Clinton signed United States Public Law 103–150, also known as

2680-758: The O'ahu Island Burial Counsel, the State Historic Preservation Division, the Office of Hawaiian Affairs , the Ala Moana/Kaka'ako Neighborhood Board, the Hawaii Community Development Authority, the City and County of Honolulu, tenants, neighbors and recognized cultural descendants. Phase one of the project featured the development of two residential condominium towers—Waiea and Anaha—as well as

2747-403: The United States overall, 1.2 million people identified as Native Hawaiian and Other Pacific Islander, either alone or in combination with one or more other races. The Native Hawaiian and Other Pacific Islander population was one of the fastest-growing groups between 2000 and 2010. The history of Kānaka Maoli , like the history of Hawaii, is commonly broken into four major periods: One theory

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2814-573: The Ward Centre shopping center. It is designed by Robert A M Stearn. Both will consist of roughly 150 units each. These condos will be the only condos to be designed in stone rather than mostly glass like the other condos. These are proposals of future projects that are proposed to occur in Ward Village, but are not planned for construction so far. Ward Village will be served by the future Kūkuluaeʻo Skyline Station that will be north of

2881-648: The act. The bill did not pass. In 2005, with the support of U.S. Senator Daniel Inouye , federal funding through the Native Hawaiian Education Act created the Center for Excellence in Native Hawaiian Law at UH Mānoa William S. Richardson School of Law . The program became known as Ka Huli Ao: Center for Excellence in Native Hawaiian Law. Ka Huli Ao focuses on research, scholarship, and community outreach. Ka Huli Ao maintains

2948-589: The amended Treaty of Reciprocity that would have damaged Hawaiian trade, and opened up part of 'Oahu for the Pearl Harbor military base. The event was challenged by Grover Cleveland , but was eventually supported by President William McKinley in his Manifest Destiny plan, which harmed indigenous peoples in the continental United States and Hawai'i. The change left Kānaka Maoli as the only major indigenous group with no "nation-to-nation" negotiation status and without any degree of self determination. In 1974,

3015-539: The ascension of Queen Liliuokalani to the Hawaiian Throne in 1891, Sanford Dole created the "Committee of Safety" overthrew the monarchy . This was in part due to the Queen's rejection of the 1887 Constitution, which severely limited her authority. This diminished traditional governance and installed a US-backed, plantation-led government. One reason for the overthrow was over Kalākaua 's unwillingness to sign

3082-432: The cancelled Gateway Tower 2 and will include a pedestrian bridge over Ala Moana Boulevard. Phase four of the project consists of The Park Ward Village, The Launiu, Kalae, and Ulana. The Park Ward Village will be a luxury condo that will be located across from Kōʻula and it is designed by Francesco Mozzati. This condo will consist of 545 units and will be designed using the mid-century modern style. Ulana will be

3149-641: The city is sometimes called the "Ninth Island" in reference to the eight islands of Hawaii. Several cultural preservation societies and organizations were established. The largest is the Bernice Pauahi Bishop Museum , established in 1889 and designated as the Hawaiʻi State Museum of Natural and Cultural History. The museum houses the largest collection of native Hawaiian artifacts, documents, and other information. The museum has links with major colleges and universities throughout

3216-701: The district. One area in particular, the Honuakaha Smallpox Cemetery , has more than a thousand Iwi. In 1976, Kakaʻako was an industrial district under city control. It got caught in a political feud between then-Mayor Frank Fasi and then-Gov. George Ariyoshi . Hawai ʻ i lawmakers founded Hawaii Community Development Authority (HCDA) in April 1976 as a way to prevent Fasi from using Kakaʻako as political leverage against Ariyoshi. The agency produced editorial opposition from local papers. The civic centers of Kakaʻako are Victoria Ward Centers and

3283-457: The effect using ʻuli , puʻili , ʻiliʻili , papahehi , and kalaʻau . Hula ʻAuana was influenced by later Western factors. It is accompanied by non-traditional musical instruments and colorful outfits. It became popularized with tourists and it is this form that is most widely practiced beyond the islands. Ukuleles and guitars are common. The Hawaiian people celebrate traditions and holidays. The most popular form of celebration in Hawaii

3350-578: The first one already sold was redesigned to become the Victoria Place condo. Phase two of the project includes the Ae'o tower, Ke Kilohana, and A'ali'i. Ae'o is a condo north of the Ward Entertainment Center and was designed by Bohlin Cywinski Jackson, and it consists of 466 residences. A flagship Whole Foods Market anchors the building. Ke Kilohana is a affordable-housing condo that

3417-462: The first time, a formal political and legal relationship between a Native Hawaiian entity and the US government. Proponents consider the legislation to be an acknowledgement and partial correction of past injustices. They included Hawaiʻi's Congressional delegation, as well as former Governor Linda Lingle . Opponents include the U.S. Commission on Civil Rights , (who doubted the constitutionality of creating

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3484-469: The intersection of Ward Avenue and Ala Moana Boulevard. It is designed by Arquitectonica and it will consist of 396 total units. Phase five of the project consists of the Mahana, Melia and Ilima condos. Mahana will be between The Park Ward Village and the future Skyline station. It is designed by Solomon Cordwell Buenz and will consist of 340 units. Melia and Ilima will be last developments officially. These are two ultra-luxury condos that will replace

3551-463: The island chief. In contrast to the European system of feudalism , Hawaiian peasants were never bound to the land and were free to move as they chose. Kānaka Maoli refer to themselves as kama'aina , a word meaning "people of the land", because of their connection to and stewardship of the land. It was also part of the spiritual belief system that attributes their origin to the land itself. This

3618-467: The islands and drape them from his cast bronze arms and neck to honor his contributions to the people of Hawaiʻi. Native Hawaiian culture underwent a renaissance beginning in the 1970s. It was in part triggered by the 1978 Hawaiʻi State Constitutional Convention , held 200 years after the arrival of Captain Cook. At the convention, state government committed itself to the study and preservation of Hawaiian culture, history, and language. Hawaiian culture

3685-633: The needy, with preference given to Kānaka Maoli . The schools educate thousands of children of native Hawaiian children ancestry and offers summer and off-campus programs not restricted by ancestry. KS practice of accepting primarily gifted students , has been controversial in the native Hawaiian community. Many families feel that gifted students could excel anywhere, and that the Hawaiian community would be better served by educating disadvantaged children to help them become responsible community contributors. Many Kānaka Maoli attend public schools or other private schools. The Office of Hawaiian Affairs (OHA)

3752-579: The next. Hence, the Hawaiian religion focuses on ways to live and relate to the land and instills a sense of community. The Hawaiian Kingdom was formed in 1795, when Kamehameha the Great , of the then-independent island of Hawaiʻi , conquered the independent islands of Oʻahu , Maui , Molokaʻi , and Lānaʻi to form the kingdom. In 1810, Kauaʻi and Niʻihau joined the Kingdom, the last inhabited islands to do so. The Kingdom received many immigrants from

3819-522: The public that OHA has no intentions of developing high-rises alongside Kakaʻako Makai. Apo added that if OHA did indeed conduct development in that area, it would betray the values and the people they serve. Lela Hubbard, member of Save Our Kakaʻako, claimed that OHA is only in it for the money. In recent years, Kakaʻako has faced much controversy over growing concerns of gentrification and having previous affordable housing being bought out and no longer able to be used for low-income families. Our Kakaʻako

3886-525: The residents of Niʻihau . Alongside 'Ōlelo Hawai'i , some Maoli spoke the little studied Hawai'i Sign Language. In Hawaii, the public school system is operated by the Hawaiʻi State Department of Education rather than local school districts. Under the administration of Governor Benjamin J. Cayetano from 1994 to 2002, the state's educational system established Hawaiian language immersion schools. In these schools, all courses are taught in

3953-545: The second, third, sixth and seventh floors while maintaining an information center on the first. The centerpiece of Ward Village was going to be the Gateway Towers. The 1970s Ward Warehouse was torn down in late 2017 to begin clearing space. The Ward Farmer's market was shut down in 2017, and will be demolished to make way for the public Victoria Ward park. Additional real estate owned by Howard Hughes has been considered for future parks and parking lots. Gateway Towers

4020-567: The world to facilitate research. The Polynesian Voyaging Society reignited interest in Polynesian sailing techniques, both in ship construction and in instrument-free navigation. The Society built multiple double-hulled canoes, beginning with Hōkūleʻa and followed by Makali'i, Alingano Maisu, and Mo‘okiha O Pi‘ilani. The canoes and their worldwide voyages contributed to the renewal and appreciation of Hawaiian culture. Native Hawaiian culture grew from their Polynesian roots, creating

4087-423: Was a proxy for race" in ancestry-based elections, but the voting itself was not stopped . Ward Village Ward Village is a 60-acre (24 ha), master-planned community in the Kaka'ako district of Honolulu . It is being developed by The Howard Hughes Corporation . Once completed, this beachfront development will have luxury residences, retail stores, entertainment venues, pedestrian friendly streets,

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4154-415: Was an 1896 law that required that English "be the only medium and basis of instruction in all public and private schools". This law excluded the Hawaiian language from schools. In spite of this, some Kānaka Maoli (as well as non- Kānaka Maoli ) learned ʻŌlelo Hawaii . As with other Hawaii locals, Kānaka Maoli typically speak Hawaiian Creole English (referred to locally as Pidgin ) in daily life. Pidgin

4221-427: Was designed by AC Martin in partnership with Honolulu based CDS International. There are 424 residences, 375 were reserved for qualified Hawaii residents. A Longs Drugs store anchors the building. Unlike the more luxury focused developments of Ward Village, A'ali'i is largely affordable micro-units, 751 in total. Phase three of the project includes Kōʻula, Victoria Ward Park, and the Victoria Place condo. Kōʻula

4288-414: Was designed by the firm of Richard Meier , and was to feature 236 units. These were going to be the most luxurious condos in the neighborhood, and were to feature unique considerations such as a bridge linking the two towers. Gateway towers would be redesigned due to engineering problems, as well as the need for a bigger Victoria Ward Park. This would result in one of the two towers being scrapped and

4355-427: Was given control over certain public lands, and acquired other land-holdings for the provision of housing, supporting agriculture, and supporting cultural institutions. The lands initially given to OHA were originally crown lands of the Kingdom of Hawaiʻi, which had gone through various forms of public ownership since the overthrow of the Hawaiian Kingdom. In 1893, during the Hawaiian rebellions of 1887–1895 and after

4422-653: Was introduced into Hawaiʻi's public schools, teaching Hawaiian art, lifestyle, geography, hula, and Hawaiian language. Intermediate and high schools were mandated to teach Hawaiian history to all their students. Many aspects of Hawaiian culture were commercialized to appeal to visitors from around the world. This includes hula, use of the word "Aloha", lei , and the assimilation of Hawaiian culture into non-native lifestyles. This has provided significant financial support for cultural practices, while emphasizing aspects that have popular appeal over those that respect tradition. Statutes and charter amendments were passed acknowledging

4489-408: Was to ensure that each ahupua'a provided all necessary resources for survival, including hardwoods and food sources. Each ahupua'a was managed by managers, who were charged by the island chief to collect tributes from the residents. Splits of the ahupua'a were based on the level of tribute. The major subdivisions were 'Ili . Each 'Ili gave a tribute to the chief of the ahupua'a and another to

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