Misplaced Pages

#168831

43-539: Ninh Thuận province is sometimes seen as part of the  Southeast  region, the Southern . The Cham principality of Panduranga had its center in Ninh Thuận province, but also included much of what is now Bình Thuận province . Panduranga became the political centre of Champa after the fall of Vijaya in 1471. It remained independent until 1832, when emperor Minh Mạng annexed it. In 1901, Phan Rang province

86-462: A "vertical downturn". Despite the inflation rates having stabilized as part of the Đổi Mới reforms, especially during the 1990s and early 2000s, the effects of the crisis still last in the value of the dong, one of the lowest in the world today. In 1978, aluminum coins dated 1976 were introduced in denominations of 1, 2 and 5 hao, as well as 1 dong. The coins were minted by the Berlin Mint in

129-457: A 20,000 dong note in 1991, a 100,000 dong note in 1994, a 500,000 dong note in 2003, and a 200,000 dong note in 2006. Banknotes with denominations of 5,000 dong and under have been discontinued from production, but as of 2015 are still in wide circulation. Five banknote series have appeared. Except for the current series, dated 2003, all were confusing to the user, lacking unified themes and coordination in their designs. The first table below shows

172-614: A presentation folder in an envelope. In 2016, a 100 dong banknote was issued on cotton-based paper to commemorate the 65th anniversary of central banking. To support the growing industrial need for large money transactions, the State Bank issued "Bearer's Checks" or "State Bank Settlement Checks" ( Ngân Phiếu Thanh Toán ) in denominations from 100,000 to 5,000,000 dong. To prevent counterfeiting, these notes had many degrees of protection, their designs were changed every five to six months, and they had expiration dates five or six months after

215-466: Is Cam Ranh International Airport . Ninh Thuận has become a renewable energy production base starting in the late 2020s, taking advantage of the local climate with the lowest annual rainfall, highest total solar heat radiation and fastest average wind speed in Vietnam. However, it is located far from major load centers of Vietnam. As of 2021, around 100 ha of photovoltaic panels were already deployed in

258-439: Is Chúa mountain ( Vietnamese : Núi Chúa ) at 1,040 metres (3,410 ft) in the north east of the province. Several other peaks with heights up to 643 metres (2,110 ft), including Đá Bạc mountain ( Vietnamese : Núi Đá Bạc ) in the south, are located along the coast. The highest mountains are located at the borders to Khánh Hòa province and Lâm Đồng province , with three mountains of over 1,600 metres (5,200 ft) and

301-668: Is moving towards digital payments. The 500,000-dong note (VND) is the highest-denomination banknote in circulation in Vietnam . The note is dark blue in color and has been in circulation since 2003. As of August 2024, the Vietnamese dong is the third-lowest valued currency unit (behind the Iranian rial and the Lebanese pound ), with one United States dollar equaling 25,135 dong. The piastre (known in Vietnam as "silver"),

344-405: Is rarely ever used for transactions. The bill is largely seen as a collectible or an oddity, with it often selling for many times its original face value. In 2003 Vietnam began replacing its cotton banknotes with plastic polymer banknotes , claiming that this would reduce the cost of printing. Many newspapers in the country criticized these changes, citing mistakes in printing and alleging that

387-606: Is southern Vietnam's poorest and least industrialized province. Nominal per capita GDP was 6.66 million VND in 2007, half of the national average and 56% of the South Central Coast 's average of 10.8 million VND. Ninh Thuận has also been the only province in the South Central Coast with an average annual GDP growth rate of less than 10% from 2000 to 2007 - at 9.4% compared to the region's average of 11.2%. While its industrial growth has been slightly above

430-540: Is the largest airport in Vietnam, with the passenger traffic of 8.5 million in 2006 but it will be replaced by a larger newly constructed airport, Long Thanh International Airport after 2025. Lien Khuong Airport is an important airport in this area. Saigon Port and several deep-water ports in Bà Rịa–Vũng Tàu are the busiest ports in the country. National Route 1 , National Route 13 , National Route 22 , National Route 51 , and TransAsia Highway ( AH1 , AH17 ) are

473-518: Is under construction in the south of the province. A second nuclear power project is being prepared with Japanese partners and will also be in Ninh Thuận. Southeast (Vietnam) Đông Nam Bộ (literally "Southeast region") is a region in Vietnam . This region includes one municipality , Ho Chi Minh City ; and five provinces : Đồng Nai , Bình Dương , Bà Rịa–Vũng Tàu province , Bình Phước and Tây Ninh . The two south central provinces Ninh Thuận and Bình Thuận are sometimes seen as part of

SECTION 10

#1732772155169

516-625: The German Democratic Republic and bear the state crest on the obverse and denomination on the reverse. Due to the chronic inflation experienced by Vietnam during the 1980s and 1990s, these coins lost all their relevant value and no coins were circulated for many years after this series. Commemorative coins in copper, brass, copper-nickel, silver, and gold have been issued since 1986, but none of these have ever been used in circulation. The State Bank of Vietnam resumed issuing coins on December 17, 2003. The new coins, minted by

559-750: The Kinh , significant parts of the province's population belong to the Cham and Raglai ethnic groups. Many of the Cham live near the capital Phan Rang (Panduranga). The Raglai live in more remote parts of the province, such as the Ninh Hải District in the north-east and the mountainous regions in the west. As of April 1, 2009, the province has 10 observed religions, with a total of 184 577 followers. In particular, there are 65,790 Catholics, followed by Buddhism with 43,192 people, Hindus 40,695 (the highest proportion in

602-572: The Mint of Finland , were in denominations of 200, 500, 1,000, 2,000, and 5,000 dong in either nickel-clad steel or brass-clad steel. Prior to its reintroduction, Vietnamese consumers had to exchange banknotes for tokens with a clerk before purchasing goods from vending machines. This was also to help the state ease the cost of producing large quantities of small denomination banknotes, which tended to wear easily. Many residents expressed excitement at seeing coins reappear after many years, as well as concern for

645-620: The State of Vietnam , which evolved into South Vietnam in 1954. On 22 September 1975, after the fall of Saigon , the currency in South Vietnam was changed to a "liberation dong" worth 500 old Southern dong. After Vietnam was reunified, the dong was also unified on 3 May 1978. One new dong equalled one Northern dong or 0.8 Southern "liberation" dong. On 14 September 1985, the dong was revalued again, with one new dong worth 10 old dong. At that time, Vietnamese economists believed that revaluing

688-715: The currency of Vietnam since 3 May 1978. It is issued by the State Bank of Vietnam . The dong was also the currency of the predecessor states of North Vietnam and South Vietnam, having replaced the previously used French Indochinese piastre . Formerly, it was subdivided into 10 hao ( hào ), which were further subdivided into 10 xu , neither of which are now used due to inflation. The Vietnamese dong has increasingly moved towards exclusively using banknotes, with lower denominations printed on paper and denominations over 10,000 dong, worth about 40¢ dollar or euro, printed on polymer. As of 2022, no coins are used. Generally, Vietnam

731-476: The Southeast region. This region is the most economically developed region in Vietnam. In 2006, this region contributed 148,000 billion VND (equal to $ 9.25 billion) out of 251,000 billion VND to the state budget. This region is also the most highly urbanized in the country with more than 50% people living in urban areas (while the equivalent figure for Vietnam is just 25%). Tan Son Nhat International Airport

774-421: The cotton fibre banknotes of 200, 500, 1,000, 2,000, and 5,000 dong still remain in wide circulation and are universally accepted. A commemorative polymer 50 dong banknote dedicated to the fiftieth anniversary of the State Bank of Vietnam was issued in 2001, but its face value is so tiny that it clearly was meant only for collectors. The note is available in three forms, by itself, in a presentation folder or in

817-703: The country), Muslims 25,513, Protestants 7,570, and other minor religions. There are 1,784 people following Cao Dai, 26 people following Bahá'í , 5 people in Hoa Hao Buddhism and the Pure Land Buddhist Association in Vietnam had one follower. Ninh Thuận is subdivided into 7 district-level sub-divisions: 6 districts: 1 provincial city: They are further subdivided into 3 commune-level towns (or townlets), 47 communes, and 15 wards. Cham names for Cham villages in Ninh Thuận province are as follows (Sakaya 2014:755-756). Ninh Thuận

860-436: The cultivation of rice, followed by maize with 14,200 ha. 173,200 t of rice and 36,300 t of maize were harvested in 2007, accounting for 0.5% and 0.9% of national output. The most important cash crop is tobacco . It is grown on 1,300 ha (as of 2007) in the central part of the province west and north-east of Phan Rang with an output of 3,300 t, or 10.3% of Vietnam's total output. The province also harvested 200 t in 2007, 1.2% of

903-619: The currency would increase its value, but it turned out to have the opposite effect: savings of many people were wiped out, the currency experienced unprecedentedly heavy inflation that peaked at 700% in September 1986 and prices skyrocketed. For example, in 1986, the price of agricultural products increased by 2000% compared to ten years before. Aiming to solve this problem, the government banned all forms of non-state-owned internal trade, which they believed to be capitalistic , resulting in an economic crisis so severe that Tố Hữu referred to it as

SECTION 20

#1732772155169

946-528: The date of issue. The checks worked until the banking system was upgraded to handle electronic transfers of large amounts of đồng , making most large cash transactions unnecessary. In November 2009, the Vietnamese government decided to devalue the Vietnamese dong by 5% and at the same time raise interest rates to 8%. This was seen as a move that could destabilize the financial markets in Asia , as economies in

989-481: The dong losing about 4.5 percent of its value between January 1, 2024, and the end of July. After the revaluation of the Zimbabwean dollar on 1 August 2006, the dong became the least valued currency unit for months. Around 21 March 2007, the revalued Zimbabwean dollar regained least valued currency status (in terms of black market exchange rate), and on 7 September 2007 in terms of official exchange rate. After

1032-597: The economy. As of 2007, there were 589 offshore fishing vessels registered in the province. Ninh Thuận has a very small industrial sector, with a gross output accounting for only 2% of the South Central Coast's total. Industry contributes 1.3 million VND to the GDP per capita, compared to an average of 4.4 million VND for the region. The province's industrial products are mostly basic processed food and seafood products (frozen aquatic products, fish sauce, shelled cashew nuts) and processed raw materials (stones, bricks, salt). However,

1075-880: The full discontinuation of small denomination and cotton-based notes. Also, the coins did not gain popularity from the Vietnamese people. Eventually, State Bank of Vietnam withdrew its distribution in April 2011. In 1978, the State Bank of Vietnam ( Ngân hàng Nhà nước Việt Nam ) introduced notes in denominations of 5 hao, 1, 5, 10, 20, and 50 dong dated 1976. In 1980, 2 and 10 dong notes were added, followed by 30 and 100 dong notes in 1981. These notes were discontinued in 1985 as they gradually lost value due to inflation and economic instability. In 1985, notes were introduced in denominations of 5 hao, 1, 2, 5, 10, 20, 30, 50, 100, and 500 dong. As inflation became endemic, these first banknotes were followed by 200, 1,000, 2,000, and 5,000 dong notes in 1987, by 10,000 and 50,000 dong notes in 1990, by

1118-579: The highest at 1,652 metres (5,420 ft), Sương Mù mountain ( Vietnamese : Núi Sương Mù ). Only a small part of the province around Phan Rang has elevations of under 50 metres (160 ft). The province's major river is the Dinh River , which flows through the main lowland of the province as well as Phan Rang. It has several tributaries in the province and is connected to Don Duong Lake in Lâm Đồng province . As of 2007, 55.7 per cent of Ninh Thuận's area

1161-513: The industrial sector's growth of 16.4% has enabled it to absorb much of Ninh Thuận's labor force growth by increasing industrial employment from 14,900 in 2000 to 43,700 in 2007 - although this employment growth has been overshadowed by the service sector, which created 57,300 additional jobs in the same period despite its slower growth. Ninh Thuận is located along Vietnam's main north-south corridors; therefore National Route 1 , North–South Expressway East as well as North–South Railway run through

1204-469: The latest banknotes, of 100 dong or higher, prior to the current series. On 7 June 2007, the government ordered cessation of the issuance of the cotton 50,000 and 100,000 dong notes. They were taken out of circulation by 1 September 2007. State Bank of Vietnam 10,000 and 20,000 dong cotton notes are no longer in circulation as of 1 January 2013. The one-hundred-dong bill technically remains in circulation, however due to its low value (roughly $ 0.004 USD ) it

1247-475: The limited usefulness of the 200 dong coins due to ongoing inflationary pressures. Since the launch of the 2003 coin series, the State Bank has had some difficulties with making the acceptance of coins universal despite the partial discontinuation of smaller notes, to the point of some banks refusing coin cash deposits or the cashing in of large numbers of coins. This has prompted laws requiring private and municipal banks to transact and offer services for coins and

1290-500: The national total. Other less significant crops include cashew nuts, sugar-cane, peanuts, and coconuts. Despite the large forests of the province, there is little commercial use of forest resources. Gross output of the forestry sector was 23.7 billion VND, accounting for only 1.8% of the South Central Coast, and therefore even less than Da Nang . Much of the province's forests are protected as part of Núi Chúa National Park and Phước Bình National Park . These National Parks as well as

1333-403: The nearby Vịnh Vĩnh Hy attracted the building of Amanoi , a five star franchise hotel belonging to Aman Resorts . Ninh Thuận's fishing gross output was 1138.8 billion VND in 2007, 1.3% of Vietnam's output and therefore more significant in a national context than agriculture. It has grown at an average of 11.7%, far exceeding agricultural growth and making it one of the fastest growing sectors of

Ninh Thuận province - Misplaced Pages Continue

1376-504: The previous rate. On February 11, 2011, the State Bank of Vietnam (SBV) announced a decision to increase the interbank exchange rate between USD and VND from 18,932 VND to 20,693 VND (a 9.3% increase). Along with that, the SBV also narrowed the applicable range for the exchange rates of commercial banks from ±3% to ±1%. However, by February 19, 2011, the USD exchange rate on the black market

1419-425: The principal roads in this region. 10°45′N 106°45′E  /  10.750°N 106.750°E  / 10.750; 106.750 This article about a location in Vietnam is a stub . You can help Misplaced Pages by expanding it . VND The dong ( Vietnamese : đồng ) ( / d ɒ ŋ / ; Vietnamese: [ˀɗɜwŋ͡m˨˩] ; sign : ₫ or informally đ in Vietnamese; code : VND ) has been

1462-615: The province, with several projects still under construction. Solar power capacity totaled 2,256 MW in 2021. Construction of a 200 MW wind power plant has also started and is planned to be completed by 2012. The total planned wind power capacity is 1,429MW. Da Nhim hydropower plant is located in Ninh Sơn District in the northwest of Ninh Thuận. Ninh Thuận was chosen as the site for some of Vietnam's future electricity projects that are part of Vietnam Electricity 's diversification away from hydropower. The country's first nuclear power plant

1505-421: The province. Ninh Thuận had a population of 565,700 in 2009. Its urban population was 185,700 or 32.3% in 2007, a rapid increase from the 123,700 seven years ago. The urban population grew by an average 6% from 2000 to 2007, while the rural population actually had slightly negative growth. Overall population growth averaged 1.5%, which is the second highest in the South Central Coast after Da Nang . Apart from

1548-567: The province. Ninh Thuận's main railway station is at Tháp Chàm . There are also two smaller railway station: Bà Râu in Thuận Bắc District in the north and Cà Ná near the southern border. Phan Rang is connected to Da Lat by National Road 27 via Ngoan Muc Pass. There used to be a railway serving the same route, but it has not been in use since the start of the Vietnam War. Ninh Thuận has three ports: The nearest commercial airport

1591-579: The region were competing for an advantage over the European and American markets. February 11, 2010, The State Bank of Vietnam (SBV) adjusted the interbank exchange rate between the Vietnamese dong (VND) and the US dollar (USD) to 18,544 VND/USD, a devaluation of 3.25% from the previous rate of 17,941 VND/USD. August 17, 2010, The SBV further devalued the VND by 2.04% to 18,932 VND/USD, an increase of 388 dong from

1634-410: The region's average at 16.4%, it started from a very low base and therefore contributed little to overall growth. Growth in services has been at 9.8%, significantly below the region's average, while agriculture, forestry and fishing have grown at an average rate of 6.7%, somewhat higher than the average. Ninh Thuận's agriculture is mostly based on rice. 33,400 ha out of a total of 70,000 ha were used for

1677-399: The son of the governor of the State Bank of the Vietnam benefited from printing contracts. The government clamped down on these criticisms by banning two newspapers from publishing for a month and considering other sanctions against other newspapers. Even though the 2003 series banknotes listed in the table below have now completely replaced the old notes of the same denominations, as of 2019

1720-455: Was 22,300 VND. In response to increasing pressure on the Vietnamese dong as a result of high inflation in the US, on October 17, 2022, the decision was made to increase the dong's trading band from 3 to 5 percent. As a result, from October 16 to October 24 the currency lost 2.98 percent of its value falling from 24,135 to 24,845 Vietnamese dong to the dollar. This decline has continued into 2024 with

1763-410: Was covered by forests, making it the most forested province of the South Central Coast. Forests cover most of Ninh Hải District at the coast in the north east, and most of the north and south west of the province. Ninh Thuận is Vietnam's most arid province, with some areas in the province receiving less than 800 millimetres (31 in) of rain per year. There are reserves of molybdenum in the north of

Ninh Thuận province - Misplaced Pages Continue

1806-475: Was established and then renamed Ninh Thuận. Ninh Thuận province was merged into Bình Thuận province in 1976, together with Bình Tuy province , Ninh Thuận became a separate province again in 1991. Ninh Thuận's topography is typical for the South Central Coast in that high mountains are located not only near the western border to the Central Highlands , but also near the coast, the highest of which

1849-550: Was the currency of French Indochina between 1885 and 1952. In 1946, the Viet Minh government (later to become the government of North Vietnam) introduced its own currency, the dong, to replace the French Indochinese piastre at par . Two revaluations followed, in 1951 and 1959; the first was at a rate of 100:1, the second at a rate of 1,000:1. Notes dually denominated in piastres and dong were issued in 1953 for

#168831