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49-678: The first structure located at the site of the now demolished Yardley–Wilburtha Bridge was built in 1835 by the Yardleyville–Delaware Bridge Company . It was originally a wooden toll bridge that connected the borough of Yardleyville (known today as Yardley ) in Bucks County, Pennsylvania , and the Greensburg (known today as Wilburtha ) section of Ewing Township in Mercer County, New Jersey . The bridge, which

98-704: A diamond interchange was built instead. The first cloverleaf interchange built in the United States was the Woodbridge Cloverleaf at intersection of the Lincoln Highway ( Route 25 ) and Amboy —now St. Georges—Avenue ( Route 4 ) (now U.S. 1/9 and Route 35 ) in Woodbridge Township, New Jersey . It opened in 1929, although it has since been replaced with a partial cloverleaf interchange . Before

147-600: A "cloverleaf" and simply be referred to as a jughandle or parclo intersection. The first cloverleaf interchange patented in the US was by Arthur Hale , a civil engineer in Maryland , on February 29, 1916. A modified cloverleaf, with the adjacent ramps joined into a single two-way road, was planned in 1927 for the interchange between Lake Shore Drive ( US 41 ) and Irving Park Road ( ILL 19 ) in Chicago, Illinois , but

196-485: A busy arterial in free-flowing traffic where signals are still not desired. Not only are these ideas true for new interchanges, but they also hold when existing cloverleaf interchanges are upgraded. In Norfolk, Virginia , the interchange between US 13 and US 58 was originally a cloverleaf—it has since been converted to a SPUI . Also, many cloverleaf interchanges on California freeways, such as U.S. 101, are being converted to parclos . In Hampton, Virginia ,

245-548: A cloverleaf interchange between Interstate 64 and Mercury Boulevard has been partially unwound into a partial stack interchange. During 2008 and 2009, four cloverleaf interchanges along I-64 / US 40 in St. Louis , Missouri , were replaced with SPUIs as part of a major highway-renovation project to upgrade the highway to Interstate standards. The original cloverleaf interchange in Delmont, Pennsylvania between Routes 22 and 66

294-619: A completion date of November 20. During construction of the new bridge, a barge came loose from its moorings on October 17, floating 3 miles (4.8 km) downstream and forcing an emergency closure of the Calhoun Street Bridge in Trenton . On November 17, it was announced that the contractor would not meet the November ;30 deadline and completion of a new structure would not be completed until December 22. With

343-473: A female householder with no husband present, and 44.5% were non-families. 37.0% of all households were made up of individuals, and 10.8% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.14 and the average family size was 2.86. In the borough, the population was spread out, with 20.4% under the age of 18, 4.8% from 18 to 24, 35.3% from 25 to 44, 24.9% from 45 to 64, and 14.7% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age

392-706: A hiding place. The borough of Yardley was incorporated on March 4, 1895. The Train Collectors Association was founded in Yardley in 1954. The former Bridge in Yardley Borough , Washington Crossing State Park , and Yardley Historic District are listed on the National Register of Historic Places . As of 2014 there were 10.64 miles (17.12 km) of public roads in Yardley, of which 3.74 miles (6.02 km) were maintained by

441-400: A new bridge proposed 100 feet (30 m) north of the temporary span. This new bridge would be higher off the ground with 14 feet (4.3 m) high overpasses so the river flooding would not wipe away the new structure. On each side of the bridge would be new cloverleaf interchanges to funnel traffic. This new bridge would cost $ 4 million (1956 USD). More details into the design of

490-797: A station for the Underground Railroad , an escape route for slaves. Known hiding places were under the eaves of the Continental Hotel (now the Continental Tavern), in bins of warehouses on the Delaware Canal (completed in 1862), and at the General Store (now Worthington Insurance). At Lakeside, the yellow house facing Lake Afton on N. Main Street, one brick-walled cellar room is also thought to have been

539-535: A village about 1807, and by 1880 had a population of 820. Early industries included a spoke and handle factory, sawmill, felloe factory, plate and plaster mill, and two flour mills. The first post office, established in 1828, used the name "Yardleyville." The name became "Yardley" again at the time the Reading Railroad came through the area in 1876. During the American Civil War , Yardley was

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588-515: Is 1.0 °F (−17.2 °C). Since 1981, the coldest air temperature was −10.4 °F (−23.6 °C) on January 22, 1984. Episodes of extreme cold and wind can occur, with wind chill values < −9 °F (−23 °C). The average annual snowfall (Nov–Apr) is between 24 inches (61 cm) and 30 inches (76 cm). Ice storms and large snowstorms depositing ≥ 12 inches (30 cm) of snow occur once every few years, particularly during nor’easters from December through February. According to

637-477: Is a two-level interchange in which all turns are handled by slip roads . To go left (in right-hand traffic; reverse directions in left-driving regions), vehicles first continue as one road passes over or under the other, then exit right onto a one-way three-fourths loop ramp (270°) and merge onto the intersecting road. The objective of a cloverleaf is to allow two highways to cross without the need for any traffic to be stopped by traffic lights. The limiting factor in

686-534: Is in Lakewood, Washington , at the interchange between Interstate 5 and Washington State Route 512 , where a visible ramp stub shows that one of the four leaves was removed, thus eliminating weave on I-5. In the future, the traffic signal will be replaced by a two-lane flyover, completing the freeway-to-freeway interchange once again. Cloverleaf interchanges also tend to occupy much more land than any other kind of interchange. Numerous cloverleaf intersections in

735-400: Is land and 0.1 square miles (0.26 km ) (9.90%) is water. The Delaware Canal and its towpath bisect the borough from northwest to southeast. Access points to the canal are located at Edgewater Avenue, Afton Avenue, Fuld Avenue, College Avenue and South Canal Street. The Yardley station , a SEPTA Regional Rail station, is located on Main Street. As of the 2010 census, the borough

784-564: Is now the interchange between the A ;9 and A 14 , and has a single flyover from the westbound A 14 to the southbound A 9. Kamener Kreuz was the first in continental Europe to open fully in 1937, at A 1 and A 2 near Dortmund , Germany . The primary drawback of the classic design of the cloverleaf is that vehicles merge onto the highway at the end of a loop immediately before other vehicles leave to go around another loop, creating conflict known as weaving . Weaving limits

833-745: Is that adjacent on and off ramps are shared together by single bidirectional carriageways. Examples include the Highway 62 and Highway 401 interchange in Belleville, Ontario , the Highway 4 and Highway 401 in London, Ontario , as well as the Lawrence Avenue and Don Valley Parkway interchange in Toronto. The Don Mills Road and Don Valley Parkway and the Highway 27 and Dixon Road are also other examples; however, one quadrant of each has

882-703: Is unknown. The first cloverleaf west of the Mississippi River opened on August 20, 1931, at Watson Road and Lindbergh Boulevard near St. Louis, Missouri , as part of an upgrade of U.S. 66 . The first cloverleaf interchange in Canada opened in 1937 at the junction of the Queen Elizabeth Way (QEW) and Provincial Highway 10 in Port Credit, Ontario (now a part of Mississauga, Ontario). As originally built, Highway 10 passed over

931-477: The A. W. Kuchler U.S. potential natural vegetation types, Yardley would have a dominant vegetation type of Appalachian Oak ( 104 ) with a dominant vegetation form of Eastern Hardwood Forest ( 25 ). The plant hardiness zone is 7a with an average annual extreme minimum air temperature of 1.0 °F (−17.2 °C). The spring bloom typically begins by April 7 and fall color usually peaks by November 3. Cloverleaf interchange A cloverleaf interchange

980-629: The Christmas holiday approaching, it was decided that a man in a Santa Claus outfit would help open the new span. On December 23, Robert Lane in a Santa Claus costume, along with members of the Delaware River Joint Bridge Commission and the United States Army Corps of Engineers delivered the final spike on the replacement structure. Remnants of the three destroyed spans washed up lodged in

1029-710: The Interstate Highway System expanded rapidly. One problem is that, frequently, large trucks exceeding the area speed limit roll over. Another problem is the merging of traffic ( see below ). For these reasons, cloverleaf interchanges have become a common point of traffic congestion at busy junctions. At-grade cloverleaf configurations with full four leaves and full outside slip ramps are extremely rare, though one exists in Toms River, New Jersey . Any other intersection with merely one, two, or three leaf ramps with outer ramps would not be designated

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1078-549: The Lower Mainland of British Columbia, Canada, require the merging of traffic from the clover directly onto the collector/distributor lane. This requires the slowly moving driver coming around the loop ramp to merge with the quickly moving driver exiting on the collector/distributor lane with no opportunity to accelerate to match the flow of the oncoming driver. This speed differential in merging can be as great as 65 km/h (approx. 43 mph). The cloverleaf interchange

1127-806: The Northampton Street Bridge was also wiped out.) In the case of the Yardley–Wilburtha, the spans were taken out by a home that floated along the flooded river. On August 29, engineers inspected the remains of the structure. On September 7, two weeks after flooding wiped out the bridge's three spans, Dwight Palmer, the New Jersey State Flood Relief Coordinator announced that the United States Army Corps of Engineers would build new temporary spans at Yardley–Wilburtha, and at

1176-522: The Northampton Street Bridge . On September 17 they announced that construction of a new temporary bridge would begin no later than October 15 and be completed by November 1. The new structure would cost $ 95,000 (1955  USD ). On October 1, a contract to replace the structure was awarded to the Conduit Foundation Corporation of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania . Their bid was $ 99,000 and would begin work on October 3, with

1225-584: The Pennsylvania Department of Transportation (PennDOT) and 6.90 miles (11.10 km) were maintained by the borough. Pennsylvania Route 32 runs through Yardley adjacent to the Delaware River, heading south to Morrisville and north to New Hope and beyond and is a scenic byway. Pennsylvania Route 332 heads west from PA 32 in Yardley and leads to Newtown . The Philadelphia to Bound Brook, New Jersey , two-track main line of

1274-812: The Philadelphia and Reading Railroad passed through and stopped at Yardley; it crossed the Delaware River on a still standing massive stone viaduct called the West Trenton Railroad Bridge . This line now is SEPTA Regional Rail 's West Trenton Line and operates also as a CSX freight line called the Trenton Subdivision . SEPTA trains along the West Trenton Line stop at the Yardley station . Prior to

1323-517: The poverty line , including 2.6% of those under age 18 and 3.3% of those age 65 or over. Yardley was founded by William Yardley , who emigrated to America in July 1682 with his family. He made an agreement with William Penn , before leaving England, to buy 500 acres (2.0 km ) for ten pounds. A survey was completed in October 1682, and the area William Yardley settled was called "Prospect Farm." It

1372-1032: The 1950s, the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad 's New York City -bound trains from Washington, D.C. , (Royal Blue, Capitol Limited, National Limited, Ambassador, and others) used the Reading's trackage to Bound Brook as did the Reading's Crusader. According to the Köppen climate classification system, Yardley has a Humid subtropical climate ( Cfa ). Cfa climates are characterized by all months having an average mean temperature > 32.0 °F (0.0 °C), at least four months with an average mean temperature ≥ 50.0 °F (10.0 °C), at least one month with an average mean temperature ≥ 71.6 °F (22.0 °C) and no significant precipitation difference between seasons. Although most summer days are slightly humid in Yardley, episodes of heat and high humidity can occur with heat index values > 108 °F (42 °C). Since 1981,

1421-724: The QEW. In 1962, the interchange was rebuilt with sub-collector roads along the QEW, and the orientation was also changed so that Highway 10 then passed under the QEW. The interchange was further modified between 2008 and 2010 by removing all but one loop ramp, creating a partial cloverleaf/diamond hybrid. The cloverleaf was patented in Europe in Switzerland on October 15, 1928. The first cloverleaf in Europe opened in October 1935 at Slussen in central Stockholm , Sweden , followed in 1936 by Schkeuditzer Kreuz near Leipzig , Germany . This

1470-404: The borough was 93.63% White , 3.44% African American , 0.08% Native American , 1.20% Asian , 0.04% Pacific Islander , 0.52% from other races , and 1.08% from two or more races. 1.76% of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race. There were 1,170 households, out of which 24.4% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 43.9% were married couples living together, 8.6% had

1519-554: The capacity of a cloverleaf interchange is traffic weaving . Cloverleaf interchanges, viewed from overhead or on maps, resemble the leaves of a four-leaf clover or less often a 3-leaf clover. In the United States , cloverleaf interchanges existed long before the Interstate system . They were originally created for busier interchanges that the original diamond interchange system could not handle. Their chief advantage

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1568-544: The cloverleaf was replaced in the late 2000s, it was judged eligible for inclusion in the National Register of Historic Places . Because of this, a commemorative film was made of the cloverleaf. The original cloverleaf interchange design was adapted by the Rudolph and Delano building firm from Philadelphia , from a photo Delano saw on a magazine cover about a highway in Buenos Aires , Argentina . The original inventor

1617-444: The highest air temperature was 103.9 °F (39.9 °C) on July 20, 2011, and the highest daily average mean dew point was 75.0 °F (23.9 °C) on July 20, 1981. The average wettest month is July, which corresponds with the annual peak in thunderstorm activity. Since 1981, the wettest calendar day was 5.85 inches (149 mm) on September 16, 1999. During the winter months, the average annual extreme minimum air temperature

1666-476: The lower boundary of the village, and landed in New Jersey further downstream. This was an important link between West Jersey and the three roads leading to Philadelphia by way of Falls, Langhorne and Newtown. The Yardley family occupied the land for more than 150 years. When Yardley was founded there were already small settlements at nearby Burlington, Bristol, and Falls Ferry. Yardley began to develop into

1715-654: The new bridge at Yardley–Wilburtha. This new bridge would come from a ramp on PA 32 (River Road) in Yardley, about 400 feet (120 m) north of the temporary bridge. The bridge would include an interchange for River Road near Brown Street. Yardley, Pennsylvania Yardley is a borough in Bucks County, Pennsylvania , United States. Yardley borders the Delaware River and Ewing, New Jersey to its east and Lower Makefield Township to its north, west, and south. The United States Post Office assigns many addresses in Lower Makefield Township

1764-441: The number of lanes of turning traffic. Most road authorities have since been implementing new interchange designs with less-curved exit ramps that do not result in weaving. These interchanges include the diamond , parclo and single-point urban interchanges (SPUI) when connecting to an arterial road in non free-flowing traffic on the crossroad and the stack or clover and stack hybrids when connecting to another freeway or to

1813-773: The predecessor to the Delaware River Joint Toll Bridge Commission . Flooding from Hurricanes Connie and Diane in August ;1955 devastated the Delaware River region. Flooding from the hurricanes ravaged many bridges along the river, wiping out three of four spans of the Portland–Columbia Covered Bridge , the Point Pleasant–Byram Bridge , and the Yardley–Wilburtha Bridge. (A portion of

1862-550: The preferred city of "Yardley", although they are outside the borough. The population was 2,434 at the 2010 census . Yardley is part of the Delaware Valley metropolitan area . Yardley is located at 40°14′29″N 74°50′11″W  /  40.24139°N 74.83639°W  / 40.24139; -74.83639 (40.241508, -74.836325). According to the U.S. Census Bureau , the borough has a total area of 1.0 square mile (2.6 km ), of which 0.9 square miles (2.3 km )

1911-566: The river and lasted into June 1956. The process of removing the remnants from the water began in July. On March 1, 1956, the Toll Bridge Commission noted that while the Northampton Street Bridge was to reopened on March 10 that plans for replacement permanent structures for the three bridges washed away by the flooding. By June, this new bridge proposal at Yardley–Wilburtha came closer to reality with

1960-515: The road. A few cloverleaf interchanges in California have been rebuilt to eliminate weaving on the freeway while keeping all four loop ramps, by adding bridges, similar to braided ramps. Several cloverleaf interchanges have been eliminated by adding traffic lights on the non-freeway route. Sometimes, this is even done at the intersection of two freeways, particularly when one freeway terminates at an interchange with another. An example of this

2009-643: The two communities it connected were renamed. In October 1903, the Delaware River experienced its worst flood in history. The wooden Yardley–Wilburtha Bridge was devastated, and deemed well beyond repair. At this point, the Yardleyville-Delaware Bridge Company built a new steel Warren- truss bridge with six spans on the old bridge's foundation. In 1922, the bridge was purchased by the Pennsylvania-New Jersey Joint Bridge Commission,

Yardley–Wilburtha Bridge - Misplaced Pages Continue

2058-513: Was redesigned in 2019 to remove one of the loops. In Ireland , partial cloverleaf set-ups exist at the interchanges of the main roads out of Dublin and the M50, allowing free-flow movements in all directions. The Red Cow Interchange is an example. Most cloverleaf interchanges have been phased out in Ontario, but some close variants do remain with similar traffic flows. The main difference however

2107-414: Was 40 years. For every 100 females, there were 90.7 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 86.3 males. The median income for a household in the township was $ 58,221, and the median income for a family was $ 70,938. Males had a median income of $ 50,816 versus $ 41,893 for females. The per capita income for the township was $ 32,802. About 1.7% of families and 3.1% of the population were below

2156-474: Was 89.7% Non-Hispanic White, 3.5% Black or African American, 2.6% Asian, and 1.9% were two or more races. 2.5% of the population were of Hispanic or Latino ancestry. As of the census of 2000, there were 2,498 people, 1,170 households, and 649 families residing in the borough. The population density was 2,729.0 inhabitants per square mile (1,053.7/km ). There were 1,209 housing units at an average density of 1,320.8 per square mile (510.0/km ). The racial makeup of

2205-591: Was also converted to an SPUI . A compromise is to add a collector/distributor road next to the freeway; this does not eliminate weaving but moves it off the main lanes of the freeway. An example of this is the State Highway 23 / Interstate 43 interchange in Sheboygan, Wisconsin , where the exit/entrance roads on and off Highway 23 are two lanes next to the main I-43 freeway on the north and southbound sides of

2254-418: Was built on stone foundations, measured 903 feet (275 m) long and had six spans. Little more than five years after having been built, the original bridge was damaged in a flood on January 8, 1841. Three of its spans were swept away, and it was replaced with another wooden bridge. For the next sixty years, the replacement bridge operated profitably and was eventually renamed the Yardley–Wilburtha Bridge when

2303-508: Was located just outside the present Yardley Borough. William Yardley died in 1693, and his family in 1702–1703, possibly of smallpox . The family's burial plots are located in Slate Hill Cemetery , one of the oldest Quaker burial grounds in the state. A nephew, Thomas Yardley, came to America in 1704 to settle the estate and never returned to England. He opened a ferry line which started operating in 1710 from Letchworth Avenue,

2352-707: Was not implemented in great numbers in the United Kingdom , because of these performance problems. There were originally three, one in Redditch and two in Livingston . One of the Livingston examples was remodeled in the mid-2000s as part of a public transport project. The Girton interchange near Cambridge was a "half"-cloverleaf interchange that regularly experienced peak-time congestion due to A14 westbound traffic weaving with M11 traffic. This interchange

2401-405: Was that they were free-flowing and did not require the use of such devices as traffic signals . This not only made them a viable option for interchanges between freeways (where such devices are typically not an option), but they could also be used for very busy arterials where signals could present congestion problems. They are common in the United States and have been used for over 40 years as

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