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34-541: An Ardas consists of 3 parts. The first part recites the virtues of the ten Gurus of Sikhism from Guru Nanak to Guru Gobind Singh, starting with lines from Chandi di Var from the Dasam Granth . The second part recites the trials and triumphs of the Khalsa and petition. The third salutes the divine name. The first and the third part are set and cannot be changed, while the second part may vary, be shortened and include

68-460: A martyrdom that led Sikhs to rename the town to Anandpur and crown his son Gobind Das as per his orders (also known as Gobind Rai) as his successor and famous as Guru Gobind Singh . The village grew into town, likely dramatically state Louis E. Fenech and W. H. McLeod, as Sikhs moved near Guru Gobind Singh. The growing strength of Sikhs in Anandpur under the tenth Guru, after the execution of

102-540: A militia of their own, consisting of infantry, cavalary, and elephants. Virasat-e-Khalsa Museum campus links, particularly with the need of the population, providing business to the locals and makes the city marked on urban literature globally. Punjab Heritage Tourism Promotion Board paid to have it installed in order to attract worldwide tourism. Open spaces which are going to be used by ritual activities during ceremonies and festivals also serve as alternative parking grounds, reserved grounds for political rallies which brings

136-511: A supplication such as seeking divine help or blessing in dealing with daily problems, but is usually in agreed form. While it is sung, the audience or the Sikh devotee typically stands, with folded hands, many with bowed headed, with some typically saying "Waheguru" after certain sections. Ardas is attributed to Guru Gobind Singh , the founder of the Khalsa and the 10th Guru of Sikhism. The root of

170-454: A sword), then I remember Guru Nanak. — First line of the Chandi di Var , Guru Gobind Singh The composition has been a significant part of Sikh culture, state Pashaura Singh and Louis Fenech, with its opening verses being a part of the "frequently recited ardas prayer or petition". The first stanza of the Sikh ardās , an invocation to God and the nine Gurus preceding Gobind Singh,

204-519: Is also authorized to build roads within Municipal Council limits and impose taxes on properties coming under its jurisdiction. Villages administered by the tehsil of Anandpur Sahib include: Anandpur Sahib features a major festival and gathering of Sikhs every year on the occasion of Hola Mohalla , which is celebrated one day prior to Holi. This tradition dates back to the times of the 10th Guru, Guru Gobind Singh . The guru decreed that

238-1015: Is based on an episode from the Sanskrit work Markandeya Purana , and describes the conflict between the Gods and the Demons . The total work is 55 cantos and is a retelling of the Durga Saptasati , much like its previous compositions. Before the Vaar , the Chandi Charitra Ukti Bilas states it is retelling the Markandeya Purana story through internal chapter references such as, ਇਤਿ ਸ੍ਰੀ ਮਾਰਕੰਡੇ ਪੁਰਾਨੇ ਚੰਡੀ ਚਰਿਤ੍ਰ ਉਕਤਿ ਬਿਲਾਸ ਮਧਕੈਟਭ ਬਧਹਿ ਪ੍ਰਥਮ ਧਿਆਇ ॥੧॥ eit sree maaraka(n)dde puraane cha(n)ddee charitr ukat bilaas madhakaiTabh badheh pratham dhiaai ||1|| End of

272-467: Is from Chandi Di Var. The first canto from Chandi Di Var is a mandatory part of an ardas that is a part of worship service in a Gurdwara (Sikh temple), daily rituals such as the opening the Guru Granth Sahib for prakash (morning light) or closing it for sukhasan (night bedroom) in larger Gurdwaras, closing of congregational worship in smaller Gurdwaras, rites-of-passages such as with

306-518: Is of 905 against state average of 895. Moreover, Child Sex Ratio in Anandpur Sahib is around 932 compared to Punjab state average of 846. Literacy rate of Anandpur Sahib city is 82.44% higher than state average of 75.84%. In Anandpur Sahib, Male literacy is around 85.75% while female literacy rate is 78.78%. Anandpur Sahib Municipal Council has total administration over 3,270 houses to which it supplies basic amenities like water and sewerage. It

340-759: Is the title of the work in the oldest extant manuscripts of the Dasam Granth. According to early Sikh historians such as Bhai Koer Singh Kalal, as mentioned in Gurbilas Patshahi 10 (1751), Chandi Di Var was written by Guru Gobind Singh at Anandpur Sahib . Various other Sikh historians and scholars like Giani Ditt Singh , Professor Sahib Singh , Giani Gian Singh , Ratan Singh Bhangu , Kavi Santokh Singh also support this. ਪ੍ਰਿਥਮ ਭਗੌਤੀ ਸਿਮਰਿ ਕੈ ਗੁਰੁ ਨਾਨਕ ਲਈਂ ਧਿਆਇ Prathami bhagautī simar kai Gurū Nānakalaī dhiāi . First I remember bhagauti (lit. sword, other name of goddess Durga , Durga in form of

374-532: Is the venue of the largest annual Sikh gathering and festivities during the Hola Mohalla in the spring season. Anandpur Sahib is located on National Highway 503 that links Kiratpur Sahib and Chandigarh to Nangal , Una and further Kangra, Himachal Pradesh . It is situated near the Sutlej river, the longest of the five rivers that flow through the historic crossroads region of Punjab. Anandpur Sahib

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408-472: The Singh Sabha movement , based upon older edifices that stood at their spot. There were formerly mural paintings and floral embellishments decorating the walls of Gurdwara Akal Bunga but these are no longer extant, though surviving traces of these wall paintings could be seen on the wall skirting the roof of the structure. Qila Sodhian was the last surviving remnant of a fortification in Anandpur Sahib in

442-634: The Sutlej River , the city is one of the most sacred religious places in Sikhism , being the place where the last two Sikh Gurus, Guru Tegh Bahadur and Guru Gobind Singh , lived. It is also the place where Guru Gobind Singh founded the Khalsa Panth in 1699. The city is home to Takhat Sri Kesgarh Sahib, the third of the five Takhts in Sikhism. The city is a pilgrimage site in Sikhism. It

476-703: The "frequently recited ardas prayer or petition". In sequence, the text follows the Chandi Charitar II and is itself followed by the Gian Prabodh. The work was composed in Punjabi . It is the only oeuvre contained within the Dasam Granth composed and written in pure Punjabi, aside from the sixth hymn of Shabad Hazare P. 10 (also composed in Punjabi). The text has historically been referred to by several names. These include: Var Durga Ki

510-412: The 20th century. The Sikh Rahit Maryada has published an approved version of the entire Ardas. Chandi di Var Chandi Di Var ( Gurmukhi : ਚੰਡੀ ਦੀ ਵਾਰ , romanized:  Caṇḍī dī vār , lit.   'the ballad of Chandi' or 'Chandi's deeds') also known as Vaar Durga Ki is a composition written by Guru Gobind Singh , included in the 5th chapter of Dasam Granth . It

544-613: The Ardaas ( Nanak Nam Chardi Kala, Tere Bhane Sarbat Da Bala , "O Nanak, may the Nam (Holy) be ever in ascendance! in Thy will may the good of all prevail!") is also set and may not be altered or omitted. The "Ardās" of Sikhism was first composed by Guru Gobind Singh. He fixed the first eight lines and the last section, and these are considered unalterable in Sikhism. The second section has been fluid, revised extensively and particularly by Tat Khalsa in

578-722: The First Chapter of ‘The Killing of Madhu and Kaitabh’ as described in Chandi Charitra Ukati of the Markandeya Purana.1. The second part, known simply as Chandi Charitar II , repeats the same story in a smaller format, while part three of the text, the Chandi Di Vaar is the shortest retelling of the story. The composition has been a significant part of Sikh culture, state Pashaura Singh and Louis Fenech, with its opening verses being part of

612-457: The Mughals routinely. After the city was sacked in 1704, its control passed into the hands of Budh Singh, a disciple of Guru Gobind Singh. Budh Singh later handed over control of the city over to Patiala State under the reign of Ala Singh . In 1764, the descendent of Sodhi Suraj Mal (one of the sons of Guru Hargobind), Nahar Singh, purchased the city plus a fort called Manji Sahib (which

646-421: The Sikh gurus or other aspects related to the history of Sikhism. The architecture of the Sikh shrines of Anandpur have commonalities in their themes but also have unique quirks and aspects to their design that do set them apart from each-other. Anandpur has been significant to the Sikh history. These historical locations now feature the following Gurdwaras: 10th Sikh Guru Guru Gobind Singh made five forts on

680-471: The border of the city. The buildings to commemorate each of these were built between late 1970s and the late 1980s: As of 2011 India census , The Anandpur Sahib Municipal Council has population of 16,282 of which 8,545 are males while 7,737 are females as per report released by Census India 2011. Population of children with age of 0-6 is 1774 which is 10.90% of total population of Anandpur Sahib (M Cl). In Anandpur Sahib Municipal Council, Female Sex Ratio

714-579: The centre of the city and less height as one moves away from the city centre, central focus the enshrined centre, whose access was restricted and where Gurudwaras predominated. Anandpur Sahib is in Punjab state of India, close to the Himachal Pradesh border. It is about 31 kilometres (19 mi) north of Ropar (Rupnagar) and 29 kilometres (18 mi) south of Nangal. The gurdwaras of Anandpur are classified as historical since they are connected to

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748-526: The headquarters of the Nihangs, opposite Gurudwara Anandgarh Sahib, and passes through the bazaar, goes to village Agampur and reaches the fort of Holgarh, the place where Guru Gobind Singh used to celebrate this fair. Thereafter, the procession heads toward the sandy bed of Charan Ganga, where demonstration of martial games including riding, tent pegging, sword-wielding, etc. are witnessed by a large number of people. Baisakhi in 1999, at Anandpur Sahib marked

782-499: The intact ingredient of Indian cities together “The Interaction”. Historical sites and structures in the city have been poorly maintained and the vast majority have been destroyed. Buildings, such as forts, that are associated with the lives of the Sikh gurus have been demolished and renovated beyond recognition, including the Anandgarh Baoli. Much of this defacement involves encasing historical structures in marble. Though

816-488: The late 17th century and early 18th century was complex and war prone because the relationship of Guru Gobind Singh with his neighbors was complex. Sometimes the hill chiefs and Guru Gobind Singh cooperated in a battle, sometimes they fought against each other, where the difficult mountainous terrain made it difficult for the Mughal to subdue everyone with force and the terrain made it easier for Pahari chieftains to rebel against

850-404: The locality once was littered with various forts, these have been destroyed over the years as the city has expanded and changed. In the 1930s, a new structure was constructed over the original site and structure of Anandgarh Qila . By 1988, essentially all of the principal standing shrines of Anandpur Sahib had been reconstructed at some point in either the late 19th or early 20th centuries during

884-586: The naming of child or wedding or the cremation of a Sikh, as well as daily prayer by devout Sikhs and any significant Sikh ceremonies. It remains part of the daily Nitnem of the Nihang sikhs. Anandpur Sahib Anandpur Sahib , also referred simply as Anandpur (lit. "city of bliss"), is a city in Rupnagar district (Ropar), on the edge of Shivalik Hills , in the Indian state of Punjab . Located near

918-628: The ninth Guru, raised concerns of the neighboring Pahari rajas - the vassals of the Mughal Empire, along with the Mughal ruler Aurangzeb. In 1693, Aurangzeb issued an order that banned large gatherings of Sikhs such as during the festival of Baisakhi . On the Vaisakhi day of 1699, the Guru sent out invitations across the land to distant and nearby Sikh congregations to convene at Anandpur for

952-547: The occasion of the festival of Holi be the occasion for the display of the martial spirit of his people. He gave this festival of Holi the Sikh name of 'Hola Mohalla'. Each year Hola Mohalla marks the congregation of nearly 20,00,000 (2,000,000) Sikhs from all over the country for a festival of colour and gaiety. The festival, among other things, remembers the creation of Khalsa on the Baisakhi day in 1699. The fair lasts for three days. The Gurudwaras are specially decorated for

986-462: The occasion. During Hola Mohalla, Anandpur Sahib wears a festive appearance and hums with activities in March. Community conferences and religious functions are also organized. On this occasion, Nihangs from all over the country gather for the celebrations. The highlight is a huge procession by the Nihangs, clad in their traditional dress and weapons, on the last day of the fair. The procession starts from

1020-610: The upcoming festival. It was normal for the Guru to celebrate Vaisakhi at Anandpur with Sikh congregations annually but this time much more importance was placed on attendance than usual and more stringently. Guru Gobind Singh founded the Khalsa Panth in Anandpur on the day of the 1699 Vaisakhi festival after an elaborate ceremony and gathered a large armed militia. This triggered Aurangzeb and his vassal Hindu kings around Anandpur to blockade Anandpur. This led to several battles: According to Louis Fenech, Anandpur's history during

1054-561: The word Ardas is related to the Sanskrit word ard (अर्द) which means "request, ask, beg". It is also related to the Persian word arzdasht which means a written "petition made by an inferior to a superior". The Ardās is usually always done standing up with folded hands and is commonly preceded by the eighth stanza of the fourth ashtapadi of the bani Sukhmani , beginning Tu Thakur Tum Peh Ardaas . It consists of three parts: The end of

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1088-560: The year 1999. Elements convening definitions of the city Anandpur Sahib are: Heterogeneous societies and discrete buildings as economic and administrative, social, institutional, political, neighborhoods and associated personnel, compacted and overlapped packing of residential and nonresidential structures, monumental core of unique buildings (for example, Keshgarh Sahib Gurudwara, bus stand structure), Five Forts of city and Khalsa Heritage Museum, special characteristic features “City profile” of Anandpur Sahib that shows maximum building height at

1122-433: Was a dwelling associated with Suraj Mal). As more Sodhi families moved into the city, four Sarkars were established, with them namely being: Badi , Dusri , Tisri , and Chauthi . The Badi sarkar was the most eminent of the four yet all of them were revered by the Sikh population of the era. Each sarkar had its own associated palace that was fortified, commune, and congregation of followers. The sarkars also maintained

1156-663: Was founded in June 1665 by the ninth Sikh Guru , Guru Tegh Bahadur . He previously lived in Kiratpur, but given the disputes with Ram Rai – the elder son of Guru Har Rai and other sects of Sikhism , he moved to village in Makhoval. He named it Chakk Nanaki after his mother. In 1675, Guru Tegh Bahadur was tortured and beheaded for refusing to convert to Islam under the orders of the Mughal Emperor Aurangzeb ,

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