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24-549: Combined Joint Task Force – Operation Inherent Resolve ( CJTF–OIR ) is a multinational military formation established by the U.S.-led international coalition against the Islamic State with the stated aim to "degrade and destroy" the organization. Led by United States Army Central (ARCENT), it is composed of military forces and personnel from over 30 countries. Formed in October 2014 by U.S. Central Command , CJTF-OIR

48-634: A "two-phase transition plan" for CJTF-OIR operations in Iraq. In the first phase, finishing in September 2025, the coalition’s military mission in Iraq would end, meaning coalition forces would withdraw from certain locations in Iraq as mutually determined. Therefore, the two-phase transition period in Iraq began in September 2024 and will end in September 2026 . As of September 2019, U.S. Army Lieutenant General Robert "Pat" White commanded CJTF-OIR in an appointment which consolidated three commander's tasks. White

72-644: A simulated long range raid on Camp Hanson, Okinawa Japan, March 21, 2016. CTF-13 conducted the raid, which commenced in South Korea, to demonstrate air assault, multi-continent long-range raid capabilities and the ability to deliver security and stability. CTF 13 included 1st Battalion, 3rd Marines. Joint Task Force Shining Hope; Joint Task Force Eagle Vista (1998 Presidential African visit) These included Combined Joint Task Force 76 , Combined Joint Task Force 82 , and Combined Joint Task Force 180 . Iraqi Security Forces The Iraqi Security Forces ( ISF )

96-666: Is a term used by the United States Department of Defense (DoD) to describe law enforcement and military forces of the federal government of the Republic of Iraq . During the Iraq War , these entities received training and instruction from the U.S. 101st Airborne Division and the 82nd Airborne Division . According to Iraq's constitution, the Peshmerga is responsible for general security and stability in

120-501: Is also the commander of the U.S. III Corps , which assumed authority over CJTF-OIR from ARCENT on 22 September 2015, turned over its command to XVIII Airborne Corps in August 2016, and then resumed command on 5 September 2017. White has two deputies, a British Army officer, Major General Gerald Strickland, who is currently serving as CJTF-OIR Deputy Commander-Stability, and a U.S. Air Force officer, Major General Alexus G. Grynkewich, who

144-557: Is currently serving as CJTF-OIR Deputy Commander-Operations and Intelligence. CJTF-OIR's headquarters is at Camp Arifjan in Kuwait and includes approximately 700 personnel from 27 nations who are involved in coordinating operations in Iraq and Syria. Lt. Gen. White handed over operational control to Lt. Gen. Paul Calvert on 9 September, 2020. Command was subsequently passed to Maj. Gen. John Brennan on 9 September 2021. A dozen countries not involved in combat operations still contribute to

168-598: Is the British-American military term for multi-national formations. There are two ways in which a U.S. or U.S.-allied task force may be assigned a number. The first is the originally naval scheme promulgated and governed by the Military Command, Control, Communications, and Computers Executive Board (MC4EB), chaired by the Joint Staff J6. Task force numbers allocated under this scheme form

192-540: The 160th Special Operations Aviation Regiment . Another example comes from 2004 in Afghanistan. On 15 April 2004 the headquarters of the U.S. Army's 25th Infantry Division arrived in Afghanistan and took command of CJTF-180 from the 10th Mountain Division. Lieutenant General David Barno , commanding then decided to rename CJTF 180 because the “180” designation had traditionally been given to Joint task forces led by

216-680: The Iraqi Armed Forces , billions more to the Peshmerga , and trained 189,000 Iraqi soldiers and police. It has also provided significant support to the Syrian Democratic Forces , with which it coordinates various operations. The coalition ended its combat mission in Iraq in December 2021, but U.S. troops remain in the country in a training and advisory role.. In September 2024 the Department of Defense announced

240-682: The Royal Air Force conducted 30% of the airstrikes. At the time, The Guardian reported that a team of independent journalists had published details of 52 airstrikes which killed more than 450 civilians. The coalition acknowledged only 2 non-combatant deaths. On 3 October 2015, Tunisia announced it would join CJTF–OIR. By April 2017, CJTF-OIR estimated that it had killed 70,000 Islamic State fighters since 2014, with Special Operations Joint Task Force-Operation Inherent Resolve killing "over 21,000". The War Zone magazine estimated that SOJTF-OIR

264-480: The Army's XVIII Airborne Corps . Barno chose Combined Joint Task Force 76 as the new name to evoke America's history and the democratic spirit of 1776. The CFC-A commander intended this new designation to highlight the change in command at the operational level at a time when Afghanistan appeared to be moving closer to democracy. No coordination appears to occur between U.S. Army task forces designated in this way, and

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288-828: The Building Capacity Mission (BPC) in Iraq. Those who have announced their participation in the program, which trains Iraqi security forces , include the United States, the United Kingdom, Australia, Canada, Belgium, Denmark, France, Germany, Italy, the Netherlands, New Zealand, Norway , Slovenia , and Spain. As a result of the BPC program, nearly 6,500 Iraqi forces completed training, with approximately 5,400 currently in training. Combined Special Operations Joint Task Force-Levant (CSOJTF-Levant)

312-676: The U.S. would withdraw all its troops from Syria, Brett McGurk , the U.S. envoy to the coalition against ISIL, announced his resignation from his post. In April 2019, a joint investigation by Amnesty International and Airwars reported that 1,600 civilians were killed by coalition airstrikes and U.S. artillery shelling during the four-month battle to capture the Syrian city of Raqqa from ISIL in 2017. The Coalition states it conducted 34,464 strikes against ISIL targets between 8 August 2014 and end of March 2019, and unintentionally killed at least 1,291 civilians. Joint Task Force "Combined"

336-652: The USMCEB scheme. This has resulted in simultaneous designations being used at the same time. For example, Combined Joint Task Force 76 , was in use in Afghanistan in 2004, but doubling up on the Task Force 76 designation used for decades by Amphibious Force, United States Seventh Fleet , in north Asia. Joint Task Force Exercise (JTFEX) is designed to test a strike group's ability to operate in hostile and complex environments with other U.S. and coalition forces. The integrated exercise combines specific warfare areas with

360-640: The United States Military Communications-Electronic Board in blocks for use by the United States Department of Defense and allies. Norman Polmar noted in Ships and Aircraft of the U.S. Fleet, 2005, that the task forces under the commanders of the Atlantic and Pacific Fleet are mainly for contingency purposes. They are employed for specific operations and exercises. Combined Task Force (CTF) 13 conducted

384-406: The consolidated task force was "a maturing of our overall approach in the region", adding that CSOJTF-L combines "multiple SOF headquarters and units that were conducting a variety of missions across" the area of responsibility . From August 2014 to August 2015, coalition aircraft flew a total of 45,259 sorties , with the U.S. Air Force flying the majority (67%) and dropped more than 5,600 bombs,

408-426: The majority of the listings below. The second is a by-product of the U.S. Army's procedure for forming task-organised forces for combat, differing from strictly doctrinally assigned table of organization and equipment organizations. A battalion, company or brigade commander has very wide latitude in selecting a task force name, though often the name of the commander is used (e.g. Task Force Faith ; Task Force Smith

432-747: The purpose of making preparations for the strike group's upcoming deployment. An example of such an exercise includes The John F. Kennedy (CV-67) Carrier Battle Group which participated in Joint Task Force Exercise (JTFEX) 02–1, in the waters off the East Coast as well as on training ranges in North Carolina and Florida during Operation Enduring Freedom January 19, 2002 Allied Communications Publication 113: Call Signs Book for Ships in its Annex B lists allocations of task force numbers from 1 to approximately 1000, allocated by

456-564: The vast majority of airstrikes (75–80%), with the remainder conducted by Australia, Canada, Denmark, France, Jordan, Belgium, the Netherlands, Saudi Arabia, Turkey, the United Arab Emirates, and the United Kingdom. Although the task force is not under NATO , all 32 members of the military alliance are contributing to CJTF-OIR. By the end of 2017, CJTF-OIR stated that its airstrikes had killed over 80,000 ISIL fighters. The coalition also provided $ 3.5 billion in military equipment to

480-501: Was initially known as Special Operations Joint Task Force-Operation Inherent Resolve (SOJTF-OIR), formed in 2015 as a joint special operations task force that is regarded as spearheading CJTF-OIR's campaign against the Islamic State in Iraq and Syria. SOJTF-Levant serves under Special Operations Command Central and has trained special operations units in the region. Special Operations Joint Task Force-Operation Inherent Resolve

504-655: Was intended to replace the ad hoc arrangements that had been established to coordinate operations against ISIL, following its rapid gains in Iraq in June. Its central military action , Operation Inherent Resolve , consists of campaigns in Iraq , Syria , and Libya . The current commander of the coalition is U.S. Army Major General Matthew W. McFarlane . The bulk of CJTF-OIR's combat operations have consisted of airstrikes against Islamic State; various ground forces have been deployed including special forces, artillery, training, and military advisors. The United States accounts for

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528-404: Was named for the commander of the 1st Battalion, 21st Infantry Regiment ). This has often resulted in derivations from the originator unit's numerical designation being used. For example, when a special operations aviation unit was being formed in the late 1970s, the original unit drew heavily on personnel from the 158th Aviation. The designation chosen was Task Force 158, which later grew to become

552-462: Was responsible "for around 30 percent of all dead terrorists in Iraq and Syria", adding "we don't know whether SOJTF-OIR counts terrorists who died in air or artillery strikes its personnel called in among the task force's final count." On 14 April 2017, members of SOJTF-OIR's headquarters element received new, distinctive patches, replacing the interim 1st Special Forces Group unit patch. On 22 December 2018, three days after Donald Trump announced

576-465: Was restructured, consolidated, and quietly established as Combined Special Operations Joint Task Force-Levant on 1 July 2022. CSOJTF- Levant was to oversee a broader, regional approach to special operations, including activities in Jordan , Lebanon , and Egypt , commanded by Army Brig. Gen. Isaac J. Peltier. According to retired Army general and former USSOCOM and USCENTCOM commander Joseph Votel ,

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