55-643: The Commander-in-Chief Fleet ( CINCFLEET ) was the admiral responsible for the operations of the ships, submarines and aircraft of the British Royal Navy from 1971 until April 2012. The post was subordinate to the First Sea Lord , the professional head of the Naval Service . In its last years, as the Navy shrank, more administrative responsibilities were added. In April 2012, the post
110-463: A Rear Admiral , double-hatted as NATO 's Commander Gibraltar Mediterranean (COMGIBMED). In the late 1980s two small patrol craft, HMS Cormorant , HMS Hart , were reported as being attached to FO Gibraltar. The post of CINCFLEET also was assigned the NATO appointments of Commander-in-Chief, Eastern Atlantic Area (CINCEASTLANT) and Commander-in-Chief Channel (CINCHAN). On 1 July 1994,
165-511: A broad band with three narrower bands. In 2001 the number of stars on the shoulder board was increased to four, reflecting the equivalence to the OF-9 four-star ranks of other countries. Prior to 1864 the Royal Navy was divided into coloured squadrons which determined his career path. The command flags flown by an Admiral changed a number of times during this period, there was no Admiral of
220-465: A promise that green-belt land in Hillingdon would be safe on his watch: 'I can give a categoric assurance that under this administration we will never see a threat to the green belt.' In August 2012, however, Mr Puddifoot announced plans to build on green-belt (and longtime common land ) site Lake Farm in the south of the borough. Dismissing the discontent of residents in the south of the borough,
275-460: A second term. From 2001 to 2011 the borough's population grew by 11.5% (4.4% above the England and Wales mean of 7.1%). By comparison Merton and Bromley grew by 4.5% and Tower Hamlets grew by 26.4%. The number of households increased from 2001 to 2011 by 3.3%, and the average number of people per household was 2.7. 37.1% of the borough's population identified themselves as White British in
330-698: A situation that lasted until the Levene reforms of 2012. Full command of the Fleet and responsibility for the Fleet element of military operational capability including the Royal Marines and the Royal Fleet Auxiliary , was delegated to Commander-in-Chief Fleet, as is described in official descriptions circa 2010. In 1971 after the amalgamation of the Western and Far East Fleets the headquarters
385-491: Is a London borough in Greater London , England. It forms part of outer London and West London , being the westernmost London borough. It was formed in 1965 from the districts of Hayes and Harlington , Ruislip-Northwood , Uxbridge , and Yiewsley and West Drayton . The borough includes most of Heathrow Airport and Brunel University , and is the second largest of the 32 London boroughs by area. The main towns in
440-497: Is home to a number of independently run sports clubs: The south's former strong connection with industry has diminished since the 1980s to be replaced by a preponderantly residential suburban population; the north has remained a consistently residential suburban area, although with significant swathes of rural land. The borough's residential areas expanded with the extension of the Metropolitan Railway from Harrow on
495-590: Is situated in South Ruislip near the A40 and the tube station. Most early RAF airfields were named after the nearest railway station; in this case Northolt Junction, the original name of South Ruislip station. The station has been redeveloped in recent years to house a number of additional military capabilities besides the RAF operations, and is popular with business people and politicians for private flights. Hillingdon
550-562: Is twinned with: The borough has been twinned with the French town of Mantes-la-Jolie and the German town of Schleswig since the Hayes & Harlington Urban District created the link in 1958. The twinning programme was reviewed in 2011 and it was suggested that the link with Schleswig be ended owing to a lack of contact between the towns. In December 2011, the borough decided instead to end
605-884: The Beck Theatre in Hayes (which is operated on behalf of the borough by Trafalgar Entertainment ), the Compass Theatre in Ickenham, the Winston Churchill Theatre and Hall (part of the Manor Farm site) and the Open Air Theatre in Barra Hall Park in Hayes. The borough has seven Non-League football clubs: The borough is also home to Hillingdon Outdoor Activity Centre (HOAC), a water sports and activity centre. The centre
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#1732772300805660-582: The Conservative majority of the council's planning committee peremptorily rubber-stamped the plans in March 2013. Harmondsworth Moor, a park owned by the borough, is administered by British Airways on behalf of the borough. After British Airways planned to create a new headquarters in 1992, the airline agreed to convert a former landfill site into Harmondsworth Moor. The Grand Union Canal passes through Hayes , Yiewsley , Cowley and Uxbridge in
715-783: The Far East Fleet . From 1971-72 CINCFLEET directed Flag Officer, Carriers and Amphibious Ships ; Flag Officer First Flotilla ; Flag Officer, Second Flotilla ; Flag Officer Submarines ; the Hydrographer of the Navy , Rear Admiral Geoffrey Hall (all survey vessels); Flag Officer Sea Training (all ships in workup at Portland); and Captain, Mine Countermeasures. Operational control was delegated to FOSNI, Flag Officer Plymouth , Flag Officer Gibraltar , Flag Officer Malta , Senior Naval Officer West Indies , Commander, ANZUK Naval Forces, and Commodore-in-Charge, Hong Kong. The Flag Officer Gibraltar , and Gibraltar Naval Base Commander,
770-678: The London Assembly , the borough forms part of the Ealing and Hillingdon constituency. The Conservative candidate Richard Barnes won the 2000, 2004 and 2008 elections, and since the 2012 election the Labour candidate Onkar Sahota has served as the Ealing and Hillingdon London Assembly member. At the same election in 2012 Conservative candidate Boris Johnson won the largest share of Hillingdon's votes, becoming elected Mayor of London for
825-546: The Permanent Joint Headquarters . By the 2010s, CINCFLEET was supported by: Collectively, COMUKMARFOR, COMUKAMPHIBFOR, Commander UK Task Group (COMUKTG), and the 3 Commando Brigade Headquarters comprised the "Fleet Battle Staff". The Commanders-in-Chief were: Most are listed at their final service rank, not at their rank as CINCFLEET, an admiral's position. Deputy Commanders have included: The Commander-in-Chief, Fleet's principal staff officer
880-542: The Royal Navy , which equates to the NATO rank code OF-9 , outranked only by the rank of admiral of the fleet . Royal Navy officers holding the ranks of rear admiral , vice admiral and admiral of the fleet are sometimes considered generically to be admirals. The rank of admiral is currently the highest rank to which a serving officer in the Royal Navy can be promoted, admiral of the fleet being in abeyance except for honorary promotions of retired officers and members of
935-663: The Thames to Scotland. This was part of an effort by Edward I to establish a permanent official staff, even if a permanent naval force was not yet considered necessary. Leybourne's immediate purview was subsequently divided into the roles of Admiral of the West and Admiral of the South while Botetourt's became the Admiral of the North ; the first and last merged as the Admiral of
990-1158: The Thistle London Heathrow in West Drayton . British Midland International had its training centre in Stockley Close, West Drayton. Hellenic Imperial Airways had its United Kingdom offices in the Axis House in Harlington . China Airlines had its UK office in the Hyde Park Hayes 3 (HPH3) in Hayes . One of the predecessor organisations of British Airways, British Overseas Airways Corporation , had its head office in Speedbird House. The other predecessor, British European Airways , had its headquarters in South Ruislip , as did BEA Helicopters . During its existence
1045-505: The 18th century, the original nine ranks began to be filled by more than one man per rank, although the rank of admiral of the red was always filled by only one man and was known as Admiral of the Fleet . After the Battle of Trafalgar in 1805 the rank of admiral of the red was introduced. The number of officers holding each rank steadily increased throughout the 18th and early 19th centuries. In 1769 there were 29 admirals of various grades; by
1100-575: The 2021 census. In the south-east of the borough, in particular Hayes , there is a large population of South Asian residents. The wards where Black, Asian and Minority Ethnic Residents comprise the largest racial groups are: Whites as a whole form 48.2% of the borough, Asian residents 33.3%, and Black residents 7.8%. In addition, the most common main language, English (77.9%), is followed by Punjabi (4.7%), Polish (1.7%), Tamil (1.6%) and Urdu (1.1%). The borough maintains over 200 green spaces, totalling around 1,800 acres (730 ha). As much of
1155-630: The Channel Command was disestablished: however most of its subordinate commands remained in existence although reshuffled: most of the headquarters were absorbed within Allied Command Europe particularly as part of the new Allied Forces Northwestern Europe . In 1992 Fleet Headquarters moved to Portsmouth . In 2005, the Second Sea Lord , reduced in rank from full Admiral to Vice-Admiral, came under CINCFLEET's command,
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#17327723008051210-415: The Fleet rather than Algernon Frederick Rous de Horsey , who as senior active admiral nearing the age limit would customarily have received the promotion; John Baird became an Admiral; James Erskine a vice-admiral; and Harry Rawson a rear-admiral. Ironically, all these younger men would die at least a decade before de Horsey. In the time before squadron distinctions were removed or age limits instituted,
1265-643: The Hill to Uxbridge in the early 20th century and the gradual establishment of stops along the line, becoming known as " Metro-land ". Hillingdon has a large economy by national standards, ranked 14th out of 408 local area districts in Britain, and ranked fifth out of the London boroughs. British Airways is headquartered in Waterside , Harmondsworth , in Hillingdon. The building officially opened in 1998. Prior to
1320-540: The Hillingdon Music Service. National Rail and London Underground stations in the borough are: In March 2011, the main forms of transport that residents used to travel to work were: driving a car or van, 34.5% of all residents aged 16–74; Underground, metro, light rail, tram, 7.9%; bus, minibus or coach, 7.9%; on foot, 4.6%; train, 2.8%; work mainly at or from home, 2.6%; passenger in a car or van, 2.0%. The Royal Air Force station RAF Northolt
1375-625: The Navy Department. In November 1971, force reductions resulted in the Western Fleet being amalgamated with the Far East Fleet . It was to be commanded by a four star admiral who held the title Commander-in-Chief Fleet, with his headquarters at the Northwood Headquarters , Middlesex , England . Previous to November 1971, on 1 May 1971 CINCWF had already assumed responsibility for the administration of ships in
1430-565: The North and West in 1364; and from 1408–1414 they were all reunited as the High Admiral of England, Ireland, and Aquitaine , the forerunner to the present Lord High Admiral . (During this process, the short-lived post of Admiral of the Narrow Seas was used in 1412 and 1413. It was subsequently revived from 1523 to 1688.) The first royal commission as Admiral to a naval officer was granted in 1303 to Gervase Alard . By 1344, it
1485-651: The Red rank until that post was introduced in 1805 prior to this the highest rank an admiral could attain to was Admiral of the White who then flew the Cross of St George . The next promotion step up from that was to Admiral of the Fleet. [REDACTED] Media related to Admirals of the United Kingdom at Wikimedia Commons London Borough of Hillingdon The London Borough of Hillingdon ( pronunciation )
1540-461: The airline British Eagle had its head office on the grounds of Heathrow Airport. A 2017 study by Trust for London and New Policy Institute found that there is a 22% poverty rate in Hillingdon, slightly below the London-wide figure of 27%. It also found that 24% of Hillingdon's local employees are low-paid, narrowly above the London average of 21%. London Heathrow airport is located in
1595-769: The area is within the Metropolitan Green Belt it was, in 2008, one of the least densely populated of all the London boroughs ; open spaces range in size from the Colne Valley Regional Park by the River Colne in the north of the borough, to smaller gardens and parks such as the Norman Leddy Memorial Gardens and Lake Farm Country Park in the south of the borough. Council leader Raymond Puddifoot had given
1650-872: The borough and is one of the busiest airports in the world. It was originally used by the Royal Air Force. The British Government's UK Visas and Immigration has two immigration removal centres: Colnbrook Immigration Removal Centre and Harmondsworth Immigration Removal Centre in Harmondsworth . The borough includes RAF Northolt and the former sites of RAF Eastcote , RAF South Ruislip , RAF West Drayton , RAF Ruislip 4MU, RAF West Ruislip and RAF Uxbridge . The borough maintains 17 libraries: Charville, Eastcote, Harefield, Harlington, Hayes End, Hayes, Ickenham, Manor Farm, Northwood Hills, Northwood, Oak Farm, Ruislip Manor, South Ruislip, Uxbridge, West Drayton, Yeading, and Yiewsley. Hillingdon has undertaken
1705-601: The borough are Hayes , Ruislip , Northwood , West Drayton and Uxbridge . Hillingdon is the second least densely populated of the London boroughs, due to a combination of rural land in the north, RAF Northolt Aerodrome , and Heathrow Airport. The borough was created in 1965 under the London Government Act 1963 , covering the combined area of the former Municipal Borough of Uxbridge , Hayes and Harlington Urban District , Ruislip-Northwood Urban District and Yiewsley and West Drayton Urban District . The area
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1760-760: The borough. Ruislip Lido was built as a feeder reservoir for the canal, but was eventually disconnected and changed to become a recreational lido . Two Sites of Special Scientific Interest next to the canal, Frays Farm Meadows and Denham Lock Wood , are managed by the London Wildlife Trust . The borough also operates children's centres, recreational areas for children of under five years of age and their families. The centres include: Barra Hall, Belmore, Cherry Lane, Colham Manor, Cornerstone, Cowley St. Laurence, Harefield, Hillside, McMillan Early Childhood Centre, Nestles Avenue, Oak Farm, and Uxbridge College (Hayes Campus). The borough owns four theatres :
1815-579: The close of the Napoleonic Wars in 1816 there were 190 admirals in service. Thereafter the number of admirals was reduced and in 1853 there were 79 admirals. Although admirals were promoted according to strict seniority, appointments to command were made at the discretion of the Board of Admiralty . As there were invariably more admirals in service than there were postings, many admirals remained unemployed, especially in peacetime. The organisation of
1870-469: The concept of yellow admirals (formally known as granting an officer the position of "Rear-Admiral without distinction of squadron"), being captains promoted to flag rank on the understanding that they would immediately retire on half-pay . This was the navy's first attempt at superannuating older officers. During the Interregnum , the rank of admiral was replaced by that of general at sea . In
1925-503: The concept of an English navy and its supposed admirals and lord high admirals back as far as Alfred the Great , counting several kings as themselves admirals, along with various dukes and earls who commanded fleets at prominent engagements such as Hubert de Burgh off Sandwich in 1217 . Other lists begin their count at King Henry III 's appointment of Sir Richard de Lucy on 28 August 1223 or 29 August 1224. A similar commission
1980-499: The death of James Hawkins-Whitshed resulted in ten men moving up to higher ranks. In 1996, the rank of admiral of the fleet was put in abeyance in peacetime, except for members of the Royal family but was resurrected on an honorary basis in 2014 for the appointment of Lord Boyce . Admirals of the fleet continue to hold their rank on the active list for life. The current ranks are rear admiral, vice admiral, admiral and admiral of
2035-519: The fleet his deputy, the vice admiral , would be in the leading portion or van . Below him was another admiral at the rear of the fleet, called rear admiral . Promotion up the ladder was in accordance with seniority in the rank of post-captain , and rank was held for life, so the only way to be promoted was for the person above on the list to die or resign. In 1747 the Admiralty restored an element of merit selection to this process by introducing
2090-596: The fleet into coloured squadrons was finally abandoned in 1864. The Red Ensign was allocated to the Merchant Navy , the White Ensign became the flag of the Royal Navy, and the Blue Ensign was allocated to the naval reserve and naval auxiliary vessels. The 18th- and 19th-century Royal Navy also maintained a positional rank known as port admiral . A port admiral was typically a veteran captain who served as
2145-417: The fleet, also known as flag ranks because admirals, known as flag officers , are entitled to fly a personal flag . An admiral of the fleet flies a Union Flag at the masthead, while an admiral flies a St George's cross (red cross on white). Vice admirals and rear admirals fly a St George's cross with one or two red discs in the hoist, respectively. The rank of admiral itself is shown in its sleeve lace by
2200-760: The largest school expansion programme in London, ensuring that all children within the borough can go to a school close to where they live. In May 2011, Hillingdon Council received the Library Innovation of the Year award at the 2011 Bookseller Industry Awards. Also within the borough are Brunel University and Uxbridge College 's Uxbridge and Hayes campuses, as well as the Douay Martyrs Catholic Secondary School and St Bernadette Catholic Primary School. The London Borough of Hillingdon also offers music lessons as part of
2255-411: The official ranks became admiral of the white and so forth, however each admiral's command flags were different and changed over time. The Royal Navy has had vice and rear admirals regularly appointed to the post since at least the 16th century. When in command of the fleet, the admiral would be in either the lead or the middle portion of the fleet. When the admiral commanded from the middle portion of
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2310-803: The opening of Waterside, the airline's head office was the Speedbird House at London Heathrow Airport . An office of American Airlines is located at the Orient House (HAA3) within Waterside. In 2007 Cadbury Schweppes announced it would be moving to Uxbridge from Mayfair to cut costs. The company later split and Cadbury plc moved to its new head office in Cadbury House in the Uxbridge Business Park in June 2008. Guoman Hotel Management (UK) Limited has its head office in
2365-721: The other being Flag Officer Scotland and Northern Ireland . The Flag Officer Submarines was a rear admiral based at Northwood Headquarters , who commanded the Royal Navy Submarine Service and double-hatted as NATO Commander Submarine Force Eastern Atlantic (COMSUBEASTLANT). The Flag Officer Naval Air Command was a rear admiral based at RNAS Yeovilton , who commanded the Fleet Air Arm . The Commandant General Royal Marines , in 1989 Lieutenant General Sir Martin Garrod based at Whitehall ,
2420-502: The royal family. The equivalent rank in the British Army and Royal Marines is general ; and in the Royal Air Force , it is air chief marshal . The title admiral was not used in Europe until the mid-13th century and did not reach England before the end of that century. Similarly, although some royal vessels are attested under King John , the English long depended upon levies of their subjects' vessels for any major naval expeditions. Nonetheless, historians have sometimes extended
2475-471: The shore commander of a British naval port and was in charge of supplying, refitting, and maintaining the ships docked at harbour. The problem of promoting strictly by seniority was well illustrated by the case of Provo Wallis who served (including time being carried on the books while still a child) for 96 years. When he died in 1892 four admirals under him could immediately be promoted. By request of Queen Victoria , John Edmund Commerell became Admiral of
2530-483: Was a rear admiral based HMNB Portsmouth who commanded the navy's First Flotilla . The Flag Officer, Second Flotilla was a rear admiral based HMNB Devonport who commanded the navy's Second Flotilla . The Flag Officer, Third Flotilla was a rear admiral based at HMNB Portsmouth who doubled as NATO Commander Anti-Submarine Warfare Striking Force. In 1989 Vice Admiral Alan Grose held this appointment. The Flag Officer Scotland and Northern Ireland (FOSNI)
2585-411: Was a vice admiral based at RAF Pitreavie Castle , who commanded the navy's units in Scotland and Northern Ireland and double-hatted as Naval Base Commander at Rosyth, NATO Commander Northern Sub-Area (NORLANT) and Commander Nore Sub-Area Channel (NORECHAN). The main unit under his command was the Mine Countermeasures Flotilla based at Royal Naval Dockyard Rosyth on the Firth of Forth , which
2640-404: Was abolished, its rank downgraded from admiral to three-star vice admiral, and re-designated Fleet Commander and Deputy Chief of Naval Staff. Prior to 1964 responsibility for control and direction of British naval affairs lay with the Admiralty , naval command lay with the Admiralty Naval Staff . Following the merger of the Admiralty in 1964 into the new Ministry of Defence it became known as
2695-620: Was commanded by a commodore . Additionally the Second Flotilla's 3rd Destroyer Squadron was based at RN Dockyard Rosyth . In war FOSNI would have been one of two naval operational commands, with the other being Flag Officer Plymouth . The Flag Officer Plymouth was a vice admiral based at Admiralty House , who commanded the navy's units in England and Wales and double-hatted as Naval Base Commander Devonport , NATO Commander Central Sub-Area (CENTLANT) and Commander Plymouth Sub-Area Channel (PLYMCHAN). In war Flag Officer Plymouth would have been one of two naval operational commands, with
2750-470: Was established at Northwood, in the London Borough of Hillingdon ( HMS Warrior ). Both the CINCFLEET and CINCEASTLANT staffs were co-located there. By the early 21st century the headquarters was split. In 2002 a new Command Headquarters, the Navy Command Headquarters Building at HMS Excellent in Portsmouth was completed. Thereafter the headquarters was split between the Command HQ and CINCFLEET's Operational Headquarters at Northwood , co-located with
2805-403: Was given to Sir Thomas Moulton in 1264, who held the formal title of Keeper of the Sea and the Sea Ports. On 8 March 1287, Sir William de Leybourne was specifically commissioned as the Admiral of the Seas of England ( Latin : Admirallus Maris Angliae ) and, in 1294, captain of all sailors and mariners of the king's dominions. Sir John de Botetourt served under him as warden at sea from
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#17327723008052860-424: Was only used as a rank at sea for a captain in charge of one or more fleets. In Elizabethan times the fleet grew large enough to be organised into squadrons . The squadron's admiral flew a red ensign , the vice admirals white , and the rear admirals blue on the aft mast of his ship. As the squadrons grew, each was eventually commanded by an admiral (with vice admirals and rear admirals commanding sections) and
2915-468: Was the Chief of Staff, Fleet, responsible for coordinating the supporting staff of Fleet Headquarters from November 1971 to 2012. At various times included: Units Flag Officer First Flotilla Units 2nd Flotilla Units Flag Officer Submarines Units Mine Countermeasures Units Fishery Protection Command Units Units Units Units Units Units Units The Flag Officer First Flotilla (FOF1)
2970-410: Was the service head of the Royal Marines . In 1991 their structure was described as "very top heavy. They have nearly 8,000 men to put 2,400 in the field...they have three 'tied' generals, the Commandant General, a major general as his chief of staff, and a major general commando forces." Note: "(V)" denotes British Army reserve units. Admiral (United Kingdom) Admiral is a senior rank of
3025-416: Was transferred from Middlesex to Greater London to become one of the 32 London Boroughs. The councils involved were initially unable to decide upon a name, with Keith Joseph suggesting "Uxbridge" in October 1963, later revised to Hillingdon. The local authority is Hillingdon Council, based at Hillingdon Civic Centre in Uxbridge. The borough is divided into 21 wards : Since 2000, for elections to
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