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39-584: Cortébert is first mentioned in 1178 as Cortaibert . In 1179 the cathedral chapters of Saint-Imier and Moutier-Grandval are listed as major land owners in Cortébert. The Seignory of Erguel held the village as a fief for the Diocese of Basel . In 1530 Biel introduced the Protestant Reformation into the parish of Corgémont which included the village of Cortébert. During

78-479: A kind of lesser chapter, or college, under the supervision of the dean and chapter. In contemporary cathedral chapters, the most common roles besides dean include precentor, pastor, sub-dean/vice-dean, chancellor, archdeacon, treasurer and missioner, although there is also a wide variety of roles which each occur only once or twice. In Church of England cathedrals, under the Cathedrals Measure 1999 ,

117-437: A rule) is the precentor ( primicerius , cantor, etc.), whose special duty is that of regulating the musical portion of the services. Precentors preside in the dean's absence and occupy the corresponding stall on the left side, although there are exceptions to this rule, where, as at St Paul's Cathedral, London , the archdeacon of the cathedral city ranks second and occupies what is usually the precentor's stall. The third officer

156-465: A total of one student. and 100.0% have a different mother language than the classroom language. As of 2000, there were 2 students in Cortébert who came from another municipality, while 45 residents attended schools outside the municipality. Cortébert is home to the Bibliothèque communale de Cortébert library. The library has (as of 2008) 1,849 books or other media, and loaned out 1,518 items in

195-496: Is a net exporter of workers, with about 8.5 workers leaving the municipality for every one entering. Of the working population, 17.1% used public transportation to get to work, and 58.1% used a private car. From the 2000 census, 186 or 26.1% were Roman Catholic , while 361 or 50.6% belonged to the Swiss Reformed Church . Of the rest of the population, there were 2 members of an Orthodox church (or about 0.28% of

234-406: Is followed by three years of obligatory lower Secondary school where the students are separated according to ability and aptitude. Following the lower Secondary students may attend additional schooling or they may enter an apprenticeship . During the 2010–11 school year, there were a total of 61 students attending classes in Cortébert. There was one kindergarten class with a total of 9 students in

273-421: Is forested. Of the rest of the land, 0.47 km (0.18 sq mi) or 3.2% is settled (buildings or roads) and 0.02 km (4.9 acres) or 0.1% is unproductive land. Of the built up area, housing and buildings made up 1.4% and transportation infrastructure made up 1.4%. Out of the forested land, 42.2% of the total land area is heavily forested and 5.5% is covered with orchards or small clusters of trees. Of

312-407: Is the chancellor ( scholasticus , écoldtre , capiscol , magistral , etc.) (not to be confused with the chancellor of the diocese). The chancellor of the cathedral church is charged with the oversight of its schools, ought to read theology lectures and superintend the lections in the choir and correct slovenly readers. Chancellors are often the secretary and librarian of the chapter. In the absence of

351-564: The Church Commissioners fund two Canons Residentiary per cathedral (sometimes called Commissioners' Canons) who must be "engaged exclusively on cathedral duties". Further residentiary canons beyond those two are funded from other sources and often called Diocesan Canons, since they typically also hold a senior diocesan post (such as Diocesan Director of Ordinands or Director of Mission ). Inventory of Swiss Heritage Sites The Federal Inventory of Heritage Sites (ISOS)

390-471: The Church of England chapters now include a number of lay appointees. In some Church of England cathedrals there are two such bodies, the lesser and greater chapters, which have different functions. The smaller body usually consists of the residentiary members and is included in the larger one. Originally, the term "cathedral chapter" referred to a section of a monastic rule that was read out daily during

429-464: The Early Modern era the village had a successful agricultural and small scale handicraft economy. A number of houses and workshops were built during the 16th through 19th century, many of which still exist in the center of the village. In 1865, the watch manufacturer Raiguel Juillard et Cie opened a factory in the village. It was later renamed Cortébert Watch & Co. The watch factory changed

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468-551: The Green Party (10.8%) and the FDP.The Liberals (7.9%). In the federal election, a total of 178 votes were cast, and the voter turnout was 35.7%. As of  2011, Cortébert had an unemployment rate of 2.2%. As of 2008, there were a total of 186 people employed in the municipality. Of these, there were 50 people employed in the primary economic sector and about 18 businesses involved in this sector. 50 people were employed in

507-457: The secondary sector and there were 8 businesses in this sector. 86 people were employed in the tertiary sector , with 22 businesses in this sector. In 2008 there were a total of 135 full-time equivalent jobs. The number of jobs in the primary sector was 29, all of which were in agriculture. The number of jobs in the secondary sector was 46 of which 33 or (71.7%) were in manufacturing and 14 (30.4%) were in construction. The number of jobs in

546-420: The agricultural land, 13.3% is used for growing crops and 9.1% is pastures and 26.8% is used for alpine pastures. It consists of the village of Cortébert and the hamlet of Prés de Cortébert. On 31 December 2009 District de Courtelary, the municipality's former district, was dissolved. On the following day, 1 January 2010, it joined the newly created Arrondissement administratif Jura bernois. The blazon of

585-407: The assembly of a group of canons or other clergy attached to a cathedral or collegiate church . Later it came to be applied to the group of clergy itself. Typical dignitaries within a cathedral chapter have included: Historically, there was no distinction between the monastic cathedral chapters and those of the secular canons, in their relation to the bishop or diocese. In both cases the chapter

624-493: The canon was present, in the stall immediately below on the second form. The vicars had no place or vote in chapter and, though irremovable except for offences, were the servants of their absent canons whose stalls they occupied and whose duties they performed. Outside of Britain they were often called demi-prebendaries and they formed the bachcrur of the French churches. As time went on the vicars were themselves often incorporated as

663-540: The case of a vacancy of the episcopal see in some countries, to govern the diocese during the vacancy. In the Catholic Church their creation is the purview of the Pope . They can be numbered , in which case they are provided with a fixed prebend , or unnumbered , in which case the bishop indicates the number of canons according to the rents . These chapters are made up of canons and other officers, while in

702-432: The chapter. In its corporate capacity the chapter takes charge sede vacante of a diocese. In England, however (except as regards Salisbury and Durham ), this custom has never obtained, the two archbishops having, from time immemorial, taken charge of the vacant dioceses in their respective provinces. When, however, either of the sees of Canterbury or York is vacant the chapters of those churches take charge, not only of

741-463: The choir, are called in many of the statutes the quatuor majores personae of the church. A dean ( decanus ) seems to have derived the designation from the Benedictine "deans" who had ten monks under their charge. The dean came into existence to supply the place of the provost in the internal management of the church and chapter. In England every secular cathedral church was headed by a dean who

780-501: The dean and precentor the chancellor is president of the chapter. The easternmost stall, on the dean's side of the choir, is usually assigned to the chancellor. The fourth officer is the treasurer ( custos , sacrisla , cheficier ). They are guardians of the fabric and all the furniture and ornaments of the church. It was their duty to provide bread and wine for the Eucharist and candles and incense. They also regulated such matters as

819-421: The diocese, but of the province as well, and incidentally, therefore, of any of the dioceses of the province which may be vacant at the same time. The normal constitution of the chapter of a secular cathedral church comprised four dignities(there might be more), in addition to the canons. These are the dean, the precentor, the chancellor and the treasurer. These four dignitaries, occupying the four corner stalls in

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858-601: The entire socio-economic structure of the village. A village school opened in 1872, though it and the municipal archives were both destroyed in a fire in 1959. A train station opened in 1874, followed by a Reformed chapel in 1902. In 1938 a pumping station was built in the municipality which provided water to the villages in the Franches-Montagnes plateau. However, in the 1930s, during the Great Depression , demand for watches plummeted which devastated

897-484: The faithful Pars dynamica (trial procedure) Canonization Election of the Roman Pontiff Academic degrees Journals and Professional Societies Faculties of canon law Canonists Institute of consecrated life Society of apostolic life According to both Catholic and Anglican canon law , a cathedral chapter is a college of clerics ( chapter ) formed to advise a bishop and, in

936-401: The monastic churches, where all the members were in continuous residence. There were also ordinary canons, each of whom, as a rule, held a separate prebend or endowment, besides receiving their share of the common funds of the church. For the most part the canons also speedily became non-resident, and this led to the distinction of residentiary and non-residentiary canons, until in most churches

975-446: The municipal coat of arms is Argent on a Bend wavy Azure a Trout of the first. The trout symbolizes the numerous fish of the nearby Suze river. Cortébert has a population (as of December 2020) of 696. As of 2010, 10.8% of the population are resident foreign nationals. Over the last 10 years (2000–2010) the population has changed at a rate of -2.9%. Migration accounted for -4.8%, while births and deaths accounted for 2.6%. Most of

1014-408: The municipal economy. Cortébert Watch struggled to remain in operation until 1962 when it finally closed. In the 1990s, a new industrial and shopping zone was created in the west of the village. Cortébert has an area of 14.76 km (5.70 sq mi). Of this area, 7.28 km (2.81 sq mi) or 49.3% is used for agricultural purposes, while 7.05 km (2.72 sq mi) or 47.7%

1053-602: The municipality, in 2011, was 4.14%. The historical population is given in the following chart: The entire village of Cortébert is designated as part of the Inventory of Swiss Heritage Sites . In the 2011 federal election the most popular party was the Swiss People's Party (SVP) which received 35.2% of the vote. The next three most popular parties were the Social Democratic Party (SP) (23.3%),

1092-413: The municipality. Of the kindergarten students, and 22.2% have a different mother language than the classroom language. The municipality had 3 primary classes and 51 students. Of the primary students, 3.9% were permanent or temporary residents of Switzerland (not citizens) and 35.3% have a different mother language than the classroom language. During the same year, there was one lower secondary class with

1131-423: The municipality. There were 336 married individuals, 39 widows or widowers and 40 individuals who are divorced. As of 2000, there were 87 households that consist of only one person and 25 households with five or more people. In 2000, a total of 286 apartments (84.4% of the total) were permanently occupied, while 31 apartments (9.1%) were seasonally occupied and 22 apartments (6.5%) were empty. The vacancy rate for

1170-478: The number of resident canons became definitely limited in number and the non-residentiary canons, who no longer shared in the common funds, became generally known as prebendaries only, although by their non-residence they did not forfeit their position as canons and retained their votes in chapter like the others. This system of non-residence led also to the institution of vicars choral, each canon having their own vicar, who sat in their stall in their absence and, when

1209-448: The population (as of 2000) speaks French (527 or 73.8%) as their first language, German is the second most common (133 or 18.6%) and Italian is the third (23 or 3.2%). There is 1 person who speaks Romansh . As of 2008, the population was 51.8% male and 48.2% female. The population was made up of 322 Swiss men (45.8% of the population) and 42 (6.0%) non-Swiss men. There were 305 Swiss women (43.4%) and 34 (4.8%) non-Swiss women. Of

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1248-584: The population in the municipality, 206 or about 28.9% were born in Cortébert and lived there in 2000. There were 228 or 31.9% who were born in the same canton, while 124 or 17.4% were born somewhere else in Switzerland, and 125 or 17.5% were born outside of Switzerland. As of 2010, children and teenagers (0–19 years old) make up 22.2% of the population, while adults (20–64 years old) make up 60.7% and seniors (over 64 years old) make up 17.1%. As of 2000, there were 299 people who were single and never married in

1287-594: The population) belonged to no church, are agnostic or atheist , and 21 individuals (or about 2.94% of the population) did not answer the question. In Cortébert about 262 or (36.7%) of the population have completed non-mandatory upper secondary education , and 52 or (7.3%) have completed additional higher education (either university or a Fachhochschule ). Of the 52 who completed tertiary schooling, 59.6% were Swiss men, 26.9% were Swiss women. The Canton of Bern school system provides one year of non-obligatory Kindergarten , followed by six years of Primary school. This

1326-499: The population), there were 4 individuals (or about 0.56% of the population) who belonged to the Christian Catholic Church , and there were 69 individuals (or about 9.66% of the population) who belonged to another Christian church. There were 24 (or about 3.36% of the population) who were Islamic . There were 6 individuals who were Buddhist and 1 individual who belonged to another church. 74 (or about 10.36% of

1365-408: The ringing of the bells. The treasurer's stall is opposite to that of the chancellor. In many cathedral churches there are additional officers, such as the praelector, subdean, vice-chancellor, succentor-canonicorum, whose roles came into existence to supply the places of the other absent officers, for non-residence was the fatal blot of the secular churches, and in this they contrasted very badly with

1404-811: The same year. It was open a total of 38 days with average of 1 hours per week during that year. The municipality has a railway station, Cortébert . The station is located on the Biel/Bienne–La Chaux-de-Fonds line and has hourly service to Biel/Bienne and La Chaux-de-Fonds . Cathedral chapter Jus novum ( c.  1140 -1563) Jus novissimum ( c.  1563 -1918) Jus codicis (1918-present) Other Sacraments Sacramentals Sacred places Sacred times Supra-diocesan/eparchal structures Particular churches Juridic persons Philosophy, theology, and fundamental theory of Catholic canon law Clerics Office Juridic and physical persons Associations of

1443-448: The tertiary sector was 60. In the tertiary sector; 16 or 26.7% were in wholesale or retail sales or the repair of motor vehicles, 3 or 5.0% were in the movement and storage of goods, 14 or 23.3% were in a hotel or restaurant, 1 was in the information industry, 5 or 8.3% were in education and 17 or 28.3% were in health care. In 2000, there were 32 workers who commuted into the municipality and 272 workers who commuted away. The municipality

1482-408: Was originally elected by the chapter and confirmed in office by the bishop. The dean is president of the chapter and within the cathedral has charge of the celebration of the services, taking specified portions of them by statute on the principal festivals. Deans sit in the principal stall in the choir, which is usually the first on the right hand on entering the choir at the west. Next to the dean (as

1521-472: Was the bishop's concilium or council, which he was bound to consult on all important matters and without doing so he could not act. Thus, a judicial decision of a bishop needed the confirmation of the chapter before it could be enforced. He could not change the service books, or "use" of the church or diocese, without capitular consent, and there are episcopal acts, such as the appointment of a diocesan chancellor, or vicar general, which still need confirmation by

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