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75-601: The Caledonia Mill was located on the banks of the Canadian Heritage Grand River , in Caledonia, Ontario Canada. The Old Mill is thought to have been built c.  1846 . From then to 1892, it would seem the flour milling industry in Caledonia was big business but not without competition across the river or financial difficulty. Caledonia founder Ranald McKinnon's milling enterprises on

150-417: A plaster mill . They were anxious to secure the erection of some other manufacturing establishment to which they would furnish water power at a reasonable rate. Things seemed to be going very well for McQuarrie, Thorburn, and Munro, according to the 1877 atlas. But in 1880 the golden years of the partnership came to an abrupt halt and they were declared bankrupt. One wonders what part the 1876 rebuilding of

225-481: A Catholic mission settlement just south of Montreal that was occupied primarily by converted Mohawk who had migrated north from New York. In 1674 identifiable groups of Neutrals were recorded among its population. It can be presumed that many of their descendants are still living there today. In later wars between Britain and France, the Caughnawaga people, many of whom had converted to Catholicism, were allies of

300-507: A change of 7.9% from its 2016 population of 45,608 . With a land area of 1,250.45 km (482.80 sq mi), it had a population density of 39.4/km (101.9/sq mi) in 2021. Only ethnic groups that comprise greater than 1% of the population are included. Note that a person can report more than one group. As of the 2021 census, there were 47,190 citizens that spoke English only, 15 that spoke only French, 1,530 that spoke both official languages and 130 that spoke neither. As of

375-530: A desirable canoeing location, especially the stretch between West Montrose and Paris . A number of conservation areas have been established along the river, and are managed by the Grand River Conservation Authority . The Grand Valley Trail stretches 275 km along the river's valley between the town of Dundalk and Lake Erie . In 1669 the indigenous name '' Tinaouatoua'' was recorded by Galinée . A 1945 book about

450-434: A four run stone mill of first class reputation, had a modern improved system of patent rolls with an easy capacity of 100 barrels per day. Its flour had earned a high reputation in the general markets and commanded a ready sale. At the time of incorporation it was run by water power rarely equalled in the province which would add to the profits of the business. The Village Flour and Feed Store composed part of lot number one on

525-706: A high concentration of consecutively dated sites from that period. One especially significant site, the Johnson Flats site ( Borden AgGx-214), is located on a former bar in the Grand River near Caledonia. Discovered in 1994, the site contains materials dating to the Early, Middle, and Late Archaic periods, as well as the later Princess Point complex . The people of the Princess Point complex ( c.  500 CE – 1000 CE) are strongly associated with

600-591: A local family who were displaced by filling of the dam's reservoir, Lake Belwood . With a watershed area of 7,000 square kilometres (2,700 sq mi), the Grand River flows from Dundalk to Lake Erie with numerous tributaries flowing into it: The Conestogo River joins the Grand at the village of Conestogo just north of Waterloo . The Eramosa River joins the Speed River in Guelph . The Speed River joins

675-656: A loose confederacy of peoples who moved west in the 1720s, fleeing lands invaded by Iroquois, and settled in present-day Ohio . The Mingo were among tribes who later fought the Americans in the Northwest Indian Wars for the Ohio Valley (1774–95). During the 1840s, they were among the tribes removed to Oklahoma and Indian Territory west of the Mississippi River. Neutral descendants are among

750-509: A new milling firm. There were successful examples in other milling establishments. And so on Feb 16, 1892 The Caledonia Milling Company Limited received its provincial charter and in March, 1892 a Bargain and Sale was recorded: "William Scot and wife and Hugh Scott and wife to The Caledonia Milling Co. Ltd. Supposed flouring mill and an undivided interest in Dam #5 – 2 acres, 2 roods, 9 perches." (A rood

825-590: A patent under the Great Seal, issued by Lieutenant Governor Simcoe, and bearing date January 14, 1793 ... The original extent of the tract was 694,910 acres, but the greater part of this has been since surrendered to the Crown, in trust, to be sold for the benefit of these tribes. And some smaller portions have been either granted in fee simple to purchasers with the assent of the Indians, or have been alienated by

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900-736: A powerful alliance of five nations based around the Great Lakes in the present central and western New York state area. Caught in between, the Neutrals paid dearly for their refusal to ally. Historical accounts differ on exactly how the Neutral tribe was wiped out. The consensus is that the Seneca and the Mohawk nations of the Iroquois destroyed the smaller Neutral tribe in the 17th century, in

975-511: A transitional area between Southwestern Ontario and the Golden Horseshoe region that surrounds the west end of Lake Ontario . Its headwaters are near Dundalk in the north. The Grand River flows south-south-east. Luther Marsh, a 52-square-kilometre wetland on the upper Grand, is one of the largest inland wetlands in southern Ontario and provides habitat for waterfowl, including least bittern and black tern , and amphibians . It

1050-489: Is a broad grouping of sites into warm-weather, lowland sites characterized by ground stone tools and fishing equipment, or cold-weather, upland sites with abundant scrapers and projectile points, possibly indicating fall and winter deer hunting activities. Evidence of Late Archaic fishing activities in Ontario is concentrated at lakeshore sites located at river mouths ; no known site of this type, however, has been located on

1125-446: Is also an important staging area during bird migrations . The importance of the watershed (7000 square kilometers or 2600 square miles) has been recognized by the designation of the Grand as a Canadian Heritage River . The Grand Valley Dam, located near the village of Belwood , helps to control the flow of water, especially during periods of spring flooding. The dam, completed in 1942, is commonly referred to as Shand Dam , named for

1200-967: Is independent of the county. Most of Haldimand is agricultural land, although some heavy industry, including the former Nanticoke Generating Station , is located here. Smaller communities within the municipality are Attercliffe Station, Balmoral, Bodri Bay, Brookers Bay, Byng, Canborough, Canfield, Cheapside, Clanbrassil, Crescent Bay, Decewsville, Empire Corners, Featherstone Point, Fisherville, Garnet, Hoover Point, Kohler, Little Buffalo, Lowbanks, Moulton Station, Mount Carmel, Mount Healy, Nanticoke , Nelles Corners, Peacock Point, Port Maitland , Rainham Centre, Selkirk, Sims Lock, South Cayuga, Springvale , Stromness, Sweets Corners, Townsend , Willow Grove, Woodlawn Park and York. The ghost towns of Cook's Station, Cranston, Dufferin, Erie, Indiana , Lambs Corners, Lythmore, Sandusk, Upper, and Varency are also located within Haldimand. Haldimand County's area of 309,300 acres

1275-511: Is likely that this cupola was used to allow light to shine on lineshafting on the top floor of the building. The Mill building was demolished by Riverside Properties in 2018 and work has commenced on the construction of an office complex. The land on which the Mill once stood is now owned by Riverside Properties. The river-front park is owned by Haldimand County , and the Millrace or Head race

1350-924: Is one of the largest volunteer fire departments in Ontario. The department consists of: Public Schools in Haldimand County are administered by the Grand Erie District School Board . These schools include: Catholic Schools in Haldimand County are administered by the Brant Haldimand Norfolk Catholic District School Board . These include: The Southern Ontario Railway operates in southwestern Haldimand. Highways that travel through Haldimand include Ontario Highway 3 and Ontario Highway 6 . Several intercity bus companies operate routes that travel through Haldimand County, connecting it to nearby cities and towns. Although, driving

1425-696: Is owned by the Grand River Conservation Authority . For a short time in the 2000s, the Mill was utilized by the Grand Mill Theatre Company who used the main floor as a performing arts space. In 2011, the mill was included in Doors Open Haldimand County . The river-front park is utilized by many organizations because of its scenic location along the Grand River . From 2008 to 2016 the Caledonia Mill

1500-442: Is the fourth part of an acre, and a perch is a land measure of 5 and a half yards). The Caledonia Milling Company (Limited) received its charter February 16, 1892 with capital stock of $ 25,000, divided into 500 shares of $ 50 each. Each shareholder was to pay 20% on or before the first day of December 1891 and the balance at six percent per annum was due within one year. The new Caledonia Milling Company (Limited) would be taking over

1575-652: Is where the claimed big milling business of the 1860 and 70's took place. Up to then the two flour mills can only be presumed to have either been rented or managed for Little and McKinnon. Daniel McQuarrie was in partnership with McKinnon in the Northside mill from 1865 to 1869. This partnership came to a close and McQuarrie and James Thorburn bought the Southside mill known as Balmoral Mills, renaming it Grand River Mills. In 1873 William Munro joined McQuarrie and Thorburn to buy out McKinnon's flour milling business. Thus,

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1650-529: The Georgian Bay of Lake Huron , yet it flows southwards to Lake Erie, rather than westward to the closer Lake Huron or northward to Georgian Bay (most southern Ontario rivers flow into the nearest Great Lake , which is why most of them are small), thus giving it more distance to take in more water from tributaries . The river's mostly rural character (even when flowing through the edges of Waterloo and Kitchener), ease of access and lack of portages make it

1725-657: The River Ouse , is a large river in Ontario , Canada. It lies along the western fringe of the Greater Golden Horseshoe region of Ontario which overlaps the eastern portion of southwestern Ontario, sometimes referred to as Midwestern Ontario, along the length of this river. From its source near Wareham, Ontario , it flows south through Grand Valley , Fergus , Elora , Waterloo , Kitchener , Cambridge , Paris , Brantford , Ohsweken , Six Nations of

1800-719: The Seven Years' War , the Grand River Valley remained largely unoccupied and largely uncharted. An explorers' map in 1669 showed the River as being called the Tinaatuoa or Riviere Rapide. A 1775 map shows it as Urse, a name which also appeared on a 1708 map and on Bellin’s Carte des Lacs of 1744. The d’Anville map of 1755 shows the river Tinaatuoa but adds the words Grande River at its mouth. Other 18th Century names were Oswego and Swaogeh. In 1792, Simcoe tried to change

1875-681: The 2021 census, there were 29,380 citizens identifying as Christian and 18,200 as non-religious and secular perspectives. The city is within the federal electoral riding of Haldimand—Norfolk and within provincial electoral riding of Haldimand—Norfolk . Current Mayor: Shelley Ann Bentley Previous Mayors: Healthcare in Haldimand County is overseen by Haldimand-Norfolk Health and Social Services. Hospitals in Haldimand County include Haldimand War Memorial Hospital in Dunnville , and West Haldimand General Hospital in Hagersville . Policing in

1950-796: The American War of Independence, the Crown purchased land from the Mississaugas in Upper Canada to award as grants to Loyalist refugees as compensation for their property losses in the colonies. Loyalists from New York, New England and the South were settled in this area, as the Crown hoped they would create new towns and farms on the frontier. In the 19th century, many new immigrants came to Upper Canada from England, Scotland, Ireland and Germany seeking opportunity. Settlements were popping up all over Southern Ontario, and many colonists coveted

2025-544: The British Crown for help, as they had promised aid for allies. In gratitude for their assistance during the war, the Crown awarded the Iroquois land in Upper Canada. Brant led Mohawk from the Upper Castle and families of the other Six Nations to Upper Canada. They first settled at what is present-day Brantford, where Brant crossed, or ‘forded’ the Grand River. It was also called Brant's Town. Not all members of

2100-536: The French explorers and Coureurs de bois came to the region in search of fur and other items of value to Europeans, the Grand River Valley was among the last areas of southern Ontario to be explored. Since the French worked closely with their Native allies in the acquisition of fur and trading of European goods for it, they went only where the natives resided. Even after the English conquered New France in 1760 during

2175-694: The French. The Iroquois League in New York then was neutral or sided with the British. Because different nations were on different sides in this war, it was difficult for the Iroquois nations to adhere to the Great Law of Peace and avoid killing each other. They managed to avoid such bloodshed until the American Revolution (1775–83). Other descendants of the Neutrals may have joined the Mingo ,

2250-406: The Grand River , Caledonia , and Cayuga before emptying into the north shore of Lake Erie south of Dunnville at Port Maitland . One of the scenic and spectacular features of the river is the falls and Gorge at Elora . The Grand River is the largest river that is entirely within southern Ontario's boundaries. The river owes its size to the unusual fact that its source is relatively close to

2325-548: The Grand River by archaeologists. Princess Point sites cluster heavily along the river's length, where the focus and concentration of Princess Point people shifted from their earlier territory around Princess Point near Hamilton . Princess Point people were attracted to the fertile Grand River floodplains , in common with other peoples engaging in maize horticulture around the same time. Floodplains provided rich soils for cultivation, as well as easy access to riverine resources. Indeed, early evidence of lake sturgeon fishing on

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2400-694: The Grand River has been discovered at the Cayuga Bridge site, which is also associated with the Princess Point complex and dated to AD 700–900. Thousands of fish remains were also unearthed at the Porteous and Holmedale sites near Brantford, which date to around AD 1000. By the 16th and 17th centuries, the Grand River valley was inhabited by the Neutral people . This was a name given to them by European settlers, as they refused to side with either

2475-639: The Grand River recorded the spelling ' Tinaatoua' and attributed it to the Seneca , though its sources are unclear. The Mohawk name for the Grand River, '' O:se Kenhionhata:tie'' means "Willow River," for the many willows in the watershed. During the 18th century, the French colonists named it '' Grande-Rivière . It was later renamed as Ouse River by John Graves Simcoe for the River Great Ouse near his childhood home in Lincolnshire on

2550-468: The Grand River. No evidence of fish at upland sites has been found, suggesting a pattern of seasonal upland hunting and lowland fishing. Tincombe points out, however, that fishing may still have occurred on the upper Grand River, notwithstanding a lack of surviving remains at sites. He further proposes areas around Caledonia and Brantford as persistent places of occupation in the Late Archaic, due to

2625-567: The Grand in Cambridge . The Nith River joins the Grand in Paris . Prior to the most recent glaciation—the Laurentide —an earlier river flowed through a gorge roughly parallel to the current Grand River. Evidence of the "buried gorge" of the previous river has been found when wells have been drilled. Rather than finding water-bearing bedrock at a depth of a dozen metres or less, the path of

2700-574: The Iroquois or the Petun tribes during their conflicts in the area. An Iroquoian people, they had close trade and cultural relations with other Ontario Iroquoian societies such as the Huron and Petun . The Wyandot , another distinct Iroquoian-speaking nation, who resided northeast of the Grand River valley, had long competed to remain independent of their enemy the Iroquois Confederacy ,

2775-471: The Late Archaic were mobile hunter-gatherers who had not yet developed ceramics . While Late Archaic people in what is now southern Ontario used a variety of projectile point types, one distinct type, the Innes point, was associated with the Grand River drainage basin and took its name from a type site a few kilometres west of Brantford , which sits on the lower Grand River. Due to high water levels at

2850-591: The Mill. The first occurred in the 1880s when a two-story L-shaped addition was added. The second was a two-story annex added in the 1900s. The three sections combine to make up the look of mill as it stands today. The Mill featured a distinctive cupola , a decorative feature rarely seen in Canadian mills of the era. The cupola gave a view of the Grand River Bridge , the only nine-span bridge in Canada. It

2925-577: The Northside by 1850 comprised a sawmill , flour mill , and woollen mill . This Northside area of mill was known to be within the Village of Oneida. James Little's Southside mill was known to be within the Village of Sunnyside. Doomed by fire and daunted by flood, McKinnon had his share of bad luck with mills. His sawmill , many times damaged by ice and shifted off its location by the 1861 flood, lasted until it burned in January 1942. The 1844 flour mill

3000-411: The Northside mill played in the financial difficulty, and or just how true the hype really was in the 1877 Haldimand Atlas account. The Northside mill was taken over by Robert Shirra. It was an employee of Grand River Mills, William Scott, a younger brother-in-law of Munro, who wanted to see the milling of flour continue at the Southside mill. So he formed a partnership called Scott Brothers in which he

3075-551: The Six Nations moved north. Remnants of the past confederacy live today throughout New York state, some on federally recognized reservations. In 1784 the British Crown awarded to the Six Nations the " Haldimand Tract ", a tract of land "six miles deep from each side of the river beginning at Lake Erie and extending in that proportion to the [source] of the said river." Much of this land was later sold or otherwise lost to

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3150-608: The Six Nations. A portion of this tract near Caledonia, Ontario , is the basis for the 2006 Caledonia land dispute , in which the Six Nations filed a land claim with the government. The Six Nations reserve south of Brantford, Ontario, is what remains of the Haldimand Tract. Throughout the 19th century, many Anglo-Canadian settlements developed along the Grand within former Six Nations territory, including Waterloo , Berlin (now Kitchener ), Cambridge , Paris , Brantford , Caledonia , Dunnville and Port Maitland . After

3225-508: The absence of ceramics, it is difficult to date Archaic sites. It is generally believed that sites were occupied seasonally, though there are notable exceptions to this. The archaeologist Chris Ellis argues that in the 1950s and 1960s, there was a tendency for archaeologists in eastern North America to identify sedentarization with progress on a conceptual level. Some sites may have had a number of distinct occupations, occurring in different seasons and for different purposes. Nevertheless, there

3300-614: The buried gorge can be found with overburden of dozens of metres. The Laphroaig site ( AgHa-54 ) on the lower Grand River shows evidence of occupation in the latter part of the Early Archaic period . During the Late Archaic period ( c.  4500 RCYBP to c.  2800 RCYBP), water levels in Lake Erie and Lake Ontario were higher due to drainage reasons as the land continued to deglaciate . The people of

3375-543: The chiefs upon leases; which, although legally invalid, the government did not at the time consider it equitable or expedient to cancel." 42°51′19″N 79°34′40″W  /  42.85528°N 79.57778°W  / 42.85528; -79.57778 Haldimand County Haldimand County is a rural city-status single-tier municipality on the Niagara Peninsula in Southern Ontario , Canada, on

3450-634: The county is provided by the Haldimand detachment of the Ontario Provincial Police located in Cayuga . Fire services in the county is provided by the Haldimand County Fire Department which was created in 2001 following the separation of Haldimand and Norfolk. The department currently consists of 11 stations located strategically throughout the county. With almost 300 firefighters and 40 fire apparatuses, it

3525-628: The course of attacking and severely crippling the Huron /Wyandot. The Iroquois were seeking to dominate the lucrative fur trade with the Europeans. It was during this warfare that the Iroquois attacked the Jesuit outpost of Sainte-Marie among the Hurons . The Jesuits abandoned the mission after many Wyandot and numerous priests were killed here. To survive, remnants of The Neutral tribe migrated in 1667 to La Prairie ( Caughnawaga or Kahnawake ),

3600-530: The east coast of England. The anglicized form of the French name has remained in common use. The Ojibwe name for Grand River is Owaashtanong-ziibi . A. Jones, the General Surveyor of Upper Canada reported the name of the river among the Mississaugas to be ' O-es-shin-ne-gun-ing' , and he wrote "the one that washes the timber down and carries away the grass and the weeds" as the meaning of

3675-402: The frontier of the Mohawk Valley had resulted in massacres and atrocities on both sides, aggravating anti-Iroquois feelings among the colonists. Without consultation or giving the Iroquois a place in negotiations, the British ceded their land in New York to the new United States. The Iroquois were unwelcome in the newly created nation. After the war, Six Nations leader Joseph Brant appealed to

3750-411: The lands on which they stood and a large storage and shipping warehouse on the lands of the Grand Trunk Railway Company at their station in Caledonia . Caledonia, at the time was said to be the centre of one of the wealthiest and finest wheat producing districts in Canada, the water power hard to equal and the railway shipping facilities all that could be desired. The Balmoral Flouring Mill, formerly

3825-431: The manufacturing and merchant milling business of the firm of Scott Brothers of the Town of Caledonia in the County of Haldimand . Farmers would be forming a joint stock company for the purpose of purchasing and taking over the business of what we know today as the Old Mill and all other businesses and property owned by Scott Brothers. William Scott would manage the business for the company. A provisional Board of Directors

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3900-424: The mills and their adjoining properties were sold off to a company by the name of LH&J Enterprises, made up of three gentlemen. In the early 1970s, it seems that LH&J had sold the north mill and were leasing the south mill to Jan and Leona Buta. The north mill burned September 6, 1969. Through a change of hands, the south mill was purchased by the Grand River Conservation Authority , who were hoping to turn

3975-454: The name of Grande Riviere to Ouse, after a river in England and the Thomas Ridout map of 1821 shows "Grand R or Ouse". Simcoe failed because the name Grand River had been in common usage for some time by then. Apart from large numbers of Tuscarora and Oneida , who mainly allied with the American colonists, the other four nations of the Iroquois Confederacy sided with the British during the American War of Independence . Warfare throughout

4050-406: The name. The Grand River watershed consists of all the land that drains into the Grand River through tributary creeks and rivers such as the Conestogo , Speed , Eramosa , Irvine and Nith rivers. The Grand River has Southern Ontario's largest watershed. Because the watershed is an ecosystem with natural borders, it includes and crosses many municipal boundaries and can be considered

4125-496: The north shore of Lake Erie , and on the Grand River . Despite its name, it is no longer a county by definition, as all municipal services are handled by a single level of government. Municipal offices are located in Cayuga . The county is adjacent to Norfolk County , the County of Brant , the City of Hamilton , the township of West Lincoln and the township of Wainfleet . Haldimand's history has been closely associated with that of neighbouring Norfolk County . Upper Canada

4200-434: The outskirts of town, which members of the nearby Mohawk Six Nations people claim is rightfully their land. The issue reignited again in February 2020, when Mohawk protesters blocked off Highway 6 again in protest of McKenzie Meadows . The population centres in Haldimand are Caledonia , Dunnville , Hagersville , Jarvis and Cayuga . Part of the Six Nations Reserve is within the geographic area of Haldimand County, but

4275-407: The people now known as the Seneca in Oklahoma. After the desolation of the Neutral tribe, the Iroquois Confederacy used the Grand River Valley as a hunting ground and trapping territory. Though the Six Nations (by then including the Tuscarora ) held the territory by right of conquest, they did not settle it, apart from a limited presence on the northern and western shores of Lake Ontario . When

4350-413: The prize Grand River Valley. The 1846 Gazetteer relates the history of the First Nations of the area as follows: "In 1784, Sir F. Haldimand ... granted to the Six Nations and their heirs for ever, a tract of land on the Ouse, or Grand River, six miles in depth on each side of the river, beginning at Lake Erie, and extending to the head of the river. This grant was confirmed, and its conditions defined, by

4425-401: The prospectus for purchasing, the property which was located partly in the town of Caledonia and partly in the Township of Oneida consisted of a large modern and recently refitted and improved roller mill known as "The Balmoral Mills" with about three acres of land, ownership of one-half interest in the dam across the Grand River and of all rights connected, two Flour and Feed Stores together with

4500-545: The second division of lot number 10, Southside of Forfar Street, and was said also to be a valuable property and a good business. There were storehouses in connection with the flour and feed stores that were capable of storing large quantities of grain too. The storehouse on lands of the Grand Trunk Railway Company was under a ground lease from Grand Trunk, had a switch from the railway in connection with it and had capital facilities for storing and shipping. The Caledonia Milling Company surrendered its charter in 1964. Immediately,

4575-456: The site into a conservation area and park. In 1979, they put the mill up for demolition. A committee of the Golden Horseshoe Antique Society saved the mill from demolition by having it designated under the Ontario Heritage Act through the Haldimand County LACAC (Local Architectural Conservation Advisory Committee). The Golden Horseshoe Mill Committee put up a new roof, and re-painted the mill building. In 1998, The Caledonia Old Mill Corporation

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4650-446: The start of the Late Archaic, sites which are today located inland up the river may once have been true shoreline sites, similarly to the phenomenon of site stratification observed on Lake Huron. This phenomenon is also observable in reference to Lake Erie. For example, the Canada Century site (located on the Welland River ) lies 17 kilometres (11 mi) north of the Lake Erie shore, but may once have been significantly closer. Due to

4725-429: The trio had the successful flour business in Caledonia all to themselves. The fire that required rebuilding of the Northside mill in 1876 didn't hold them back. The partnership was said to have the largest dealers in grain in the County of Haldimand . The Haldimand Atlas of 1877 also states they were turning out 1500 barrels weekly, paying out in cash a half million dollars annually, shipping mostly to Montreal where it

4800-419: The turbines which are currently still in place. The Mill contained a large amount of its machinery, as well as machinery transported from Apps Mill near Brantford, Ontario . Machinery on display in the mill prior to demolition included: Roller Mills, centrifugal flour dresser , swing-sieve sifter, several bolting reels, separators, purifiers, and bucket elevator systems. There have been two major additions to

4875-501: The two parties would be responsible for an undivided half of the dam, water and maintenance. In Feb. 1884 a declaration of trust stated that Samuel, William and Hugh Scott and Simeon Hewitt as owners in equal shares of Balmoral Mills including share in the dam. Samuel Scott died in 1886 and in time William became convinced that their mill might be better served another way. He canvassed many of his farmer friends and customers for miles around Caledonia persuading them to invest in shares of

4950-417: The west side of Argyle Street corner of Caithness St. However, the new Milling Company would own the entire building which contained the head office, and two other stores as well as the upper storeys which would be rented at remunerative prices. It was said to be one of the most valuable properties in the town. The other store known as the Caledonia Flour and Feed Store was on the east side of Wigton Street, on

5025-424: Was created in 1791 by being separated from the old Province of Quebec , Haldimand was created in 1798 as part of the Niagara District . It was named after Sir Frederick Haldimand , the governor of the Province of Quebec from 1778 to 1785. In 1844, the land was surrendered by the Six Nations to the Crown in an agreement that was signed by the vast majority of Chiefs in the Haldimand tract. In 1974, Haldimand

5100-413: Was formed by community members to take over the restoration of the mill. In 2017, the Mill was sold for $ 1 to Riverside properties who have since demolished the structure and rebuilt it into an office complex. The Caledonia Mill was powered by three water turbines . One being significantly smaller than the others. Most lineshafting which connects leather belts and pulleys to machinery is still connected to

5175-479: Was formed from part of the land grant to the Six Nations in 1783. The County was purchased by treaty and opened for general settlement in 1832. It was first settled by white veterans of Butler's Rangers established there by Joseph Brant . A large number of Germans were among the first settlers. In the 2021 Census of Population conducted by Statistics Canada , Haldimand County had a population of 49,216 living in 18,719 of its 20,710 total private dwellings,

5250-558: Was home to one of the largest winter light displays in Southern Ontario . The display which ran each year from late November to early January attracts thousands. A large number of holiday lights are synchronized to popular holiday music. The Caledonia Mill is featured on many websites including Facebook, YouTube, and on the website for the Caledonia Old Mill Corporation. 43°04′18″N 79°57′31″W  /  43.0718°N 79.9586°W  / 43.0718; -79.9586 Grand River (Ontario) The Grand River , formerly known as

5325-415: Was incorporated as a town by the amalgamation of the villages of Cayuga, Hagersville and Caledonia and the townships of Oneida, Seneca, North Cayuga, South Cayuga and parts of Rainham and Walpole. In 2001, Haldimand was enlarged by amalgamating with Dunnville and half of Nanticoke. Beginning in February 2006, a land dispute by native protesters began near Caledonia over a housing development being built on

5400-447: Was joined by his brothers Samuel and Hugh and his brother-in-law Simeon Hewitt, a lawyer, of Brantford. Samuel Scott and Simeon Hewitt are claimed to be the financial principals. Robert Shirra paid $ 14,000 for undivided half of the rights and privileges in the dam, Samuel Scott paid $ 9,800 for an undivided half of the rights and privileges in the dam. An agreement of January 1880 stated that William and High Scott, and Robert Shirra each of

5475-418: Was rebuilt twice following fires in 1862 and 1876 and remained until Sept. 6, 1969 when fire struck again for the last time. The 1848 woollen mill burned and was rebuilt in 1863 but was left down after claimed arson took it in 1881, two years following McKinnon's death. The Southside mill, left free from fire and flood, withstood and still remains over 150 years later. Our concentration on the flour mills only

5550-415: Was set up to pay necessary preliminary and promotion expenses and then to pay Scott Brothers for the business and property within three years from the date of the incorporation. When one half of the stock was subscribed and 20% paid, application was made for the incorporation of The Caledonia Milling Company (Limited). The Provisional Board of Directors had to approve the subscriptions for stock. According to

5625-508: Was sold in the lower provinces of Canada and Europe . In 1877 they shipped 6000 barrels direct to Glasgow, Scotland . Employment to about 40 men added to the prosperity of the village. The Caledonia Dam was registered to them under a "Bargain and Sale" from the Haldimand Navigation Company in 1875. Purchasing and improvements cost $ 5,000 which allowed them to furnish water power to McKinnon's Woollen mill and

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