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53-468: The Calf Pasture Pumping Station Complex is a historic sewage treatment facility at 435 Mount Vernon Street on Columbia Point in the Dorchester section of Boston , Massachusetts which was built in the 1880s. The surrounding community was, in the 17th and 18th centuries, and through to the mid-19th century, a calf pasture: a place where nearby Dorchester residents took their calves for grazing. It

106-759: A comprehensive climate change adaptation proposal to protect the Boston Harbor coastline from coastal flooding , and in October 2020, the Walsh administration released a 174-page climate change adaptation report for the Boston Harbor coastline in Dorchester with a section on Columbia Point and Morrissey Boulevard . In March 2022, the Boston Planning & Development Agency (BPDA) approved

159-567: A consequence, the Boston city government leased the development on a 99-year contract to a private developer composed of a tenant-run community task force and the Corcoran-Mullins-Jennison Corporation that was supported by the university. The housing development is now billed as luxury apartments. Lacking the federal, state, and local government investment required to renovate Columbia Point while maintaining

212-680: A long waiting list of families wanting to become new tenants. Other infrastructure was added, including public schools. The MBTA rapid transit stop was called Columbia, later to be known as the JFK/UMass stop on the Red Line . In the 1960s, there was a movement of community residents from the Columbia Point housing projects to get the city dump, which was located on the peninsula, permanently closed. They were able to get attorney F. Lee Bailey interested and to represent them. Eventually,

265-775: A medical student in rural Natal , South Africa . The health center was funded by the federal government's Office of Economic Opportunity (OEO) and was needed to serve the community living in the Columbia Point Public Housing Projects which was on the isolated peninsula far away from Boston City Hospital. The center still stands and is in use today as the Geiger-Gibson Community Health Center on Mount Vernon Street. In 2012, due to shifting demographics, Geiger-Gibson Community Health Center reduced its primary care hours and focus, moving its primary care patients to

318-585: A naval facility on Deer Island, but nothing regarding prisoners or pardoning of sentences. Two separate entities existed on Deer Island for naval facilities and correctional facilities: Fort Dawes and the House of Correction. Goldberger's final report mentions two experiments on Deer Island at different times (November to December 1918 and February to March 1919), as well as a third in San Francisco (November to December 1918). The first sewage-treatment plant

371-485: A new treatment facility was built on Deer Island . The pumping station is also architecturally significant as a Richardsonian Romanesque designed by the then Boston city architect, George Clough. It is also the only remaining 19th century building on Columbia Point. The facility was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1990. This building is currently under study as a Boston Landmark by

424-772: A proposal by the Dorchester Boys & Girls Club and the Martin Richard Foundation to construct a 3- story field house on Mount Vernon Street. In July 2022, Boston Mayor Michelle Wu vetoed a $ 5 million amendment for the field house proposal that had been approved by the Boston City Council for the COVID-19 pandemic aid package the city received under the American Rescue Plan Act of 2021 despite supporting

477-406: A set of tests. None of the volunteers fell sick, but the ward doctor contracted the disease and died. The prisoners possibly became immunized due to exposure to the virus during the weeks preceding the trial, experiencing few symptoms or none at all. The doctor in charge of the experiment, Joseph Goldberger , published a report on the experiment in 1921. His report mentions the volunteers coming from

530-535: Is a peninsula in Boston , Massachusetts . Since 1996, it has been part of the Boston Harbor Islands National and State Park . Although still an island by name, Deer Island has been connected to the mainland since the former Shirley Gut channel, which once separated the island from the town of Winthrop , was filled in by the 1938 New England hurricane . Today, Deer Island is the location of

583-464: Is too well known to require any description. It was leased at one time to Sir Thomas Temple, who was a descendant of Lady Godiva of Coventry fame, a rather curious relation to history for one of our islands to bear. During King Philip's War, Massachusetts confined many Christian Indians in this bleak spot, and John Eliot often visited and comforted them. It is owned by Boston, the State of Massachusetts, and

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636-567: The Boston Landmarks Commission held a virtual public meeting on whether to designate the facility as a city landmark and the Commission approved a report issued it issued recommending an official city landmark designation. Columbia Point (Boston) In Dorchester, Columbia Point was the landing place for Puritan settlers in the early 1600s. The Native Americans called it "Mattaponnock". The community was, in

689-487: The Boston Landmarks Commission . In January 2020, the University of Massachusetts Building Authority issued a request for information from developers to restore the facility and to construct a mixed-use facility on an adjacent 10-acre site, receiving eight proposals in response by the following September. In July 2021, UMass officials issued a request for proposal for the facility and the adjacent site. In April 2024,

742-521: The Deer Island Wastewater Treatment Plant , whose 150-foot-tall (46 m) egg-like sludge digesters are major harbor landmarks. The island's permanent size is 185 acres (0.75 km ), plus an intertidal zone of a further 80 acres (320,000 m ). Two-thirds of the island's area is taken up with the wastewater plant, which treats sewage from 43 nearby cities and towns, and is the second-largest such plant in

795-474: The Old Colony Railroad ran through the area and connected Boston and Plymouth, Massachusetts . The station was originally called Crescent Avenue or Crescent Avenue Depot as an Old Colony Railroad station, then called Columbia until December 1, 1982, and then again changed to JFK/UMass . It is an MBTA rail line station for both the subway and commuter rail line. In the 1880s, the calf pasture

848-685: The South End of Boston to its present home on Morrissey Boulevard. More landfill on the north shore of the peninsula had been created to build the Columbia Point Development housing projects which were the largest in Boston and New England and built by the Boston Housing Authority . The area was now known as Columbia Point. The Columbia Point Development was completed in 1954 and had 1,500 apartments in 27 nearly identical three- and seven-story buildings. When

901-401: The 17th and 18th centuries, and through to the mid-19th century, a calf pasture: a place where nearby Dorchester residents took their calves for grazing. It was largely an uninhabited marshland on the Dorchester peninsula. Its size was originally 14 acres (5.7 hectares). Many landfills, subsequent to that time, have enlarged the land size to 350 acres (140 ha) in the 20th century. In 1845,

954-557: The 30-acre (12 ha) Bayside Exposition Center site on the Columbia Point peninsula into a mixed use village of storefronts and residences, called "Bayside on the Point". There were serious problems with the ongoing development plans, since the Massachusetts Water Resources Authority had planned to build a sewage odor control facility just adjacent to the development site. However, in 2009,

1007-533: The Bayside Expo Center property was lost in a foreclosure on Corcoran-Jennison to a Florida-based real estate firm, LNR/CMAT, who bought it. Soon after, the University of Massachusetts Boston bought the property from them to build future campus facilities. In February 2010, The University of Massachusetts Boston in conjunction with the University of Massachusetts Building Authority formally signed

1060-435: The Boston harbor islands. In June 2015, the body of an unknown toddler girl , later identified as Bella Bond , was found on the island. Due to the state of decomposition, investigators were not immediately able to determine the age, sex, or ethnicity of the body. "Deer Island was so called because deer often swam over from the mainland when chased by the wolves from Boston Neck. It was granted to Boston in 1634, and its use

1113-567: The Columbia Point Housing Projects. A 99-year lease from the city of Boston was granted to and co-owned by the (Harbor Point Apartments, L.P.) Harbor Point Community Task Force (tenants' elected board) and a partnership of developers led by Corcoran-Mullins-Jennison Corporation. Construction on the new Harbor Point development began in 1986. During a recession in 1988 with a slump in the housing market, deficits and expensive loans ($ 175 million in state and federal loans),

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1166-543: The Columbia Point peninsula. Also, in 2012, developer Corcoran-Jennison Companies announced plans to build another residential building on Mt. Vernon Street on the site of the office complex next to the former Bayside Expo. In 2014, the Boston Redevelopment Authority began a study on redeveloping the main road on Columbia Point, Mount Vernon Street, in conjunction with the Master Plan for

1219-609: The Columbia Point project by the early 1960s. In 1965, the first community health center in the United States was built on Columbia Point, the Columbia Point Community Health Center, and was founded by two Tufts University medical doctors, Jack Geiger and Count Gibson. Geiger had previously studied the first community health centers and the principles of Community Oriented Primary Care with Sidney Kark and colleagues while serving as

1272-516: The Columbia Point proposal from the BRA. The initial reactions of the residents of Columbia Point and Savin Hill were mixed. A coalition of 26 community organizations in Columbia Point and Dorchester formed the "Dorchester Tenants Action Council" (DTAC) to prevent an influx of students into the public housing project on Mount Vernon Street. As construction for the Columbia Point campus began, DTAC demanded

1325-406: The Columbia Point public housing project opened in 1953, its initial demographics reflected that of the city's population: white tenants made up more than 90 percent of the population while black families made up approximately 7 percent. All reports at the time indicated that racial and ethnic tensions were minimal, that there were high levels of social trust within the neighborhood, and by 1955, had

1378-641: The Harbor Campus. In 1977, after an unsuccessful bid to have the John F. Kennedy Library in Cambridge, Massachusetts close to Harvard University , ground was broken at the tip of Columbia Point for the John F. Kennedy Presidential Library and Museum , designed by the architect I. M. Pei , and dedicated on October 20, 1979. The Columbia Point Housing Projects fell into disrepair and became quite dangerous. By

1431-541: The Harbor Point development came close to bankruptcy. Chevron Corporation rescued the redevelopment by investing $ 34 million, with Chevron taking advantage of $ 38 million in corporate tax credits and depreciation established by Congress in 1986 encouraging private investment in low-income housing. The renovations to the newly mixed-income complex, renamed Harbor Point Apartments, were completed in 1990 with 1200 apartments: 800 market-rate and 400 subsidized (compared to

1484-635: The McCormack Middle School. There were plans for a high school to be placed there. In Fall 2018, UMASS/Boston opened up two new high-rise student dormitory buildings on the campus next to the Athletic Complex. These were the first on-campus dormitories built at UMASS/Boston. In 2019, The Bayside Expo site now leveled and owned by UMASS/Boston is leased out for 99 years for development to Accordia Partners for $ 235 million. In October 2018, Boston Mayor Marty Walsh announced

1537-583: The Neponset Health Center in the Neponset neighborhood of Dorchester. In 1967, the Boston Redevelopment Authority (BRA) published a study, titled An Urban Campus by the Sea , which proposed locating the University of Massachusetts Boston campus permanently at the former Columbia Point landfill. In December 1968, the University of Massachusetts Board of Trustees voted 12 to 4 to accept

1590-633: The South Bay House of Correction. The Deer Island prison is mentioned in Sylvia Plath 's poem "Point Shirley" and her novel The Bell Jar . In his book A Short History of Nearly Everything , Bill Bryson mentions an experiment done at the naval prison on Deer Island. Following the August 1918 flu pandemic , in an attempt to develop a vaccine, 62 volunteers were selected from 300 prisoners. These men were promised pardons if they survived

1643-401: The United States. The remainder of the island is park land surrounding the treatment plant. The area offers walking, jogging, sightseeing, picnicking and fishing activities. During King Philip's War , the island was used as an internment camp for hundreds of indigenous people, and many died. Today, Native Americans commemorate the loss by returning to Deer Island on an annual basis. It

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1696-721: The city dump closed in 1962 and the private dump, called Mile Road Dump, was ordered closed in February 1963 by the Massachusetts Supreme Court . Under the tenure of Boston Mayor John F. Collins (1960–1968), the Boston Housing Authority segregated the public housing developments in the city of Boston by moving black families into the development at Columbia Point while reserving developments in South Boston (such as West Broadway Housing Development ) for white families who started refusing assignment to

1749-490: The city, was built in 1883. It still stands and in its time was a model for treating sewage and helping to promote cleaner and healthier urban living conditions. It pumped waste to a remote treatment facility on Moon Island in Boston Harbor , and served as a model for other systems worldwide. This system remained in active use and was the Boston Sewer system's headworks, handling all of the city's sewage, until 1968 when

1802-530: The creation of Columbus Park on the peninsula and what was then called “Day Boulevard”, now Morrissey Boulevard, by 1934. There was a huge trash dump on the peninsula which turned into more landfill for other use. During World War II , small barracks were built on this landfill for some prisoners of war. After the war, these were re-used for the Columbia Point Veterans Village. Also, in 1950, Boston College High School relocated from

1855-664: The creation of a joint task force to address their housing concerns, while some within DTAC called for the university to construct dormitories as part of the Columbia Point proposal; legislation for doing so was proposed within the Massachusetts House of Representatives but failed to pass. In addition to DTAC, the Columbia Point Community Development Council also asked that a number of construction jobs be reserved for residents of

1908-503: The deep affordability attached to public housing, the Boston Housing Authority and City of Boston made the decision to turn the property over to a private company to redevelop the area into a luxury, market-rate apartment complex with a portion of the units set aside as subsidized privately owned units. In 1984, the firm Corcoran-Mullins-Jennison was given control of the management, planning, demolition and renovation for

1961-412: The island, which is reachable by car, bus, or sea. A public boat dock is at the southwest corner of the island. Trails also climb escarpments on the island, including the highest one near the water tower. This vantage point offers views of the city, ocean, and Logan International Airport and is a popular spot for planespotting . The southern tip of the island offers some of the best views from land of

2014-558: The mid-1970s the Boston Housing Authority was under community, political, and legal pressure and orders to renovate and cure the living conditions at the site. By the time the UMass Boston campus opened in 1974, only 75 percent of the units in the Columbia Point housing project were occupied, and the BHA now thought of the complex as "housing of last resort." In 1986, construction began for the new Harbor Point Apartments complex to replace

2067-462: The middle of the 19th century, the island was the landing point for thousands of refugees from the Great Famine of Ireland , many sick and poverty-stricken. In 1847, a hospital was established to treat incoming immigrants, and during the following two years, about 4,800 men, women, and children were admitted. Many recovered and went on to new lives, but more than 800 died. In 1850, an almshouse

2120-645: The original Columbia Point public housing project, and was completed in 1990. By the 1980s, only 300 families were living in the housing development, in part, because the Boston Housing Authority had allowed the buildings to deteriorate and be occupied by squatters , and the public housing project had drawn comparisons to the Pruitt–Igoe Apartments in St. Louis and the Cabrini–Green Homes in Chicago . As

2173-542: The peninsula. On March 30, 2015 the Edward M. Kennedy Institute for the United States Senate was dedicated by President Barack Obama , with Vice President Joe Biden in attendance. The Institute has been open to the public since March 31, 2015. In 2018, discussions opened up as to what to do with the two Boston Public schools on Columbia Point: Dever Elementary School, which was in receivership, and

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2226-596: The previous 1,500 units public housing units). It has received praise for its planning and revitalization from the Urban Land Institute , the FIABCI award, a gold medal with the Rudy Bruner Award for Urban Excellence in 1993, and was used as a model for the federal HUD HOPE VI public housing demolition and redevelopment program begun in 1992. Two Boston architects were instrumental in

2279-418: The projects, including "set asides" for non- union minority workers that would later become a source of friction between the community groups and the university against the construction management firm, McKee-Berger-Mansueto (MBM) overseeing the project, its subcontractors, and the construction unions. In 1974, the University of Massachusetts Boston campus was opened on the tip of Columbia Point, and called

2332-611: The proposal itself. In August 2022, Massachusetts Governor Charlie Baker signed into law an instrastructure spending bill that included a $ 1 million appropriation for the field house proposal. In October 2022, the Boston Zoning Board of Appeals approved the field house proposal. Source: Lawton, University of Massachusetts Boston, research materials 42°18′49.39″N 71°02′00.37″W  /  42.3137194°N 71.0334361°W  / 42.3137194; -71.0334361 Deer Island (Massachusetts) Deer Island

2385-520: The purchase papers and bought the Bayside Expo property for $ 18.7 million. In 2010, the university plans to break ground and start building a new science laboratory and other facilities. In late 2012, a developer, Synergy Investments, announced plans to put up a residential building at 25 Morrissey Blvd. right next to the JFK/UMass train stop, on an abandoned lot, to further develop the foot of

2438-506: The redesign of Columbia Point Housing Projects into the new and upscale Harbor Point Apartments: Joan E. Goody and Samuel "Sy" Mintz. Goody was interested in putting townhouses on the property whereas Mintz worked on re-vitalizing and re-making the existing buildings and their footprints. In 2008, plans and proposals were unveiled and presented to public community hearings by the Corcoran-Jennison Company to redevelop

2491-401: The winter of 1675-1676.Women and children made up the majority of those interned on the island, as colonists pressured many men from these praying communities to join an English proxy militia and attack other local indigenous tribes. With little food and inadequate shelter, about half of them died. Some, such as the medicine man, Tantamous , escaped Deer Island only to be recaptured later. In

2544-585: Was built to house paupers . Opened in 1853, it was administered by the City of Boston. Today, a Celtic Cross is erected not far from the old site of the Almshouse, honoring the 850 who died during the Famine Era. In 1896, the almshouse facility became one of the short-term prisons for Suffolk County . The Deer Island House of Correction existed until 1991, when the prisoners were permanently transferred to

2597-483: Was constructed on Deer Island in the late 19th century and expanded in the 1960s. The current plant dates from the 1990s. Deer Island has been connected to the mainland since the New England Hurricane of 1938 . A lighthouse was erected just offshore from the island in 1890; it was replaced by a modern tower in 1984. Deer Island is a popular recreation destination. A hiking/biking trail encircles

2650-534: Was largely an uninhabited marshland on the Dorchester peninsula. Its size was originally 14 acres (5.7 ha). Many landfills, subsequent to that time, have enlarged the land size to 350 acres (140 ha) in the 20th century. In the 1880s, the calf pasture was used as a Boston sewer line and pumping station, known as the Calf Pasture Pumping Station Complex. This large granite structure, the first sewage treatment station built in

2703-723: Was once leased to Sir Thomas Temple (1614–1674), a British proprietor and governor of Nova Scotia although this descent was debunked by E. A. Freeman in the 19th century. Sir Thomas Temple was also the uncle of John Nelson (1654–1734), a New England trader and statesman, who owned neighboring Long Island in Boston Harbor, which at one time was also known as "Nelson's Island". During King Philip's War (also known as Metacomet 's War) colonists forcefully removed "Praying Indians" who had converted to Christianity from Concord, Marlborough , Grafton, Massachusetts , and Natick and placed them on various harbor islands. Between 500 and 1,100 American Indians were held on Deer Island in

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2756-446: Was the Boston Sewer system's headworks, handling all of the city's sewage, until 1968 when a new treatment facility was built on Deer Island . The pumping station is also architecturally significant as a Richardsonian Romanesque designed by the then Boston city architect, George Clough . It is also the only remaining 19th century building on Columbia Point and is in the National Register of Historic Places . Land-filling had caused

2809-529: Was used as a Boston sewer line and pumping station, known as the Calf Pasture Pumping Station Complex . This large pumping station still stands and in its time was a model for treating sewage and helping to promote cleaner and healthier urban living conditions. It pumped waste to a remote treatment facility on Moon Island in Boston Harbor , and served as a model for other systems worldwide. This system remained in active use and

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