American Civil War Indian Wars Spanish–American War World War I (home front)
132-824: The California State Guard ( CSG ) (formerly the California State Military Reserve ) is a military unit which provides assistance and training to the California National Guard (CNG) and is a military force of California. The CSG is a reserve force that supports the state missions and federal readiness of the Army and Air National Guard. CSG service members often come from all branches of the military and are citizens with essential skills. Many CSG service members are fully integrated with Army National Guard and Air National Guard units, and hold full-time state active duty status through
264-463: A beam of 93 feet (28.3 m) at the waterline and a draft of 30 feet 10 inches (9.4 m) at deep load . They displaced 27,100 long tons (27,535 t ) at standard load and 36,380 long tons (36,960 t) at deep load. Their designed complement was approximately 268 officers and 2,362 enlisted men, but more men were added even before the ships were completed; the addition of more light weapons and other equipment greatly increased
396-1010: A California Army National Guard soldier who suffered heat stroke on the fire line. Team Blaze worked with Cal Fire as a Type 2 Hand Crew. In October 2021 the Search and Rescue Detachment (SARDET), once a dedicated unit under the ERC, was decommissioned and folded into Team Blaze, forming the Search and Rescue Platoon (SAR Platoon). Team Blaze would subsequently be activated on two search and rescues missions, one smaller-scale search and recovery mission in San Luis Obispo County in February 2022, and one high-profile activation in June 2022 in McCloud, CA to assist in search and rescue efforts to locate missing cyclist Terrell Lamont Knight. The SAR Platoon
528-560: A Jill, with Hornet ' s fighters claiming nine aircraft in exchange for a damaged Hellcat. The fourth wave was also misdirected and most of the aircraft decided to continue onwards and land on Guam. They arrived there around 15:00 and were intercepted by 41 Hellcats from Hornet , her sister Essex , Cowpens and Enterprise . They shot down 40 of the 49 aircraft; two of Hornet ' s pilots shot down five Japanese aircraft as they were attempting to land. A group of 295 Hellcats, together with five Avengers and Dauntlesses, had engaged
660-641: A cargo ship. On 11 November a troop convoy heading for Ormoc Bay was spotted; it was attacked by a large airstrike that sank five troop ships and four of the escorting destroyers despite its defending fighters for the loss of 9 US aircraft. Two days later TF 38 attacked Manila again and sank the light cruiser Kiso , four destroyers and seven merchant ships. The aviators claimed to have damaged 43 other ships and destroyed 84 aircraft while losing 25 aircraft. McCain attacked Manila again on 19 November, but with much less effect; sinking three merchantmen, damaging 13 others and claimed to have destroyed 116 aircraft, mostly on
792-498: A few days before leaving to attack the shore facilities at Truk. The Japanese spotted the ships during the night of 28/29 April, but their weak attack later that morning was ineffective and the 84 Grumman F6F Hellcats of the morning fighter sweep were opposed by about 60 Zeros. Bad weather and a heavy overcast prevented the Americans from gaining complete air superiority until the mid-afternoon, but they were able to severely damage
924-615: A fighter sweep of 199 Hellcats against an alerted defense which already had fighters in the air. Despite this, Japanese losses were very heavy while the Americans lost 48 aircraft to all causes on 12 October. Throughout the night, the Japanese made multiple attacks, losing 42 aircraft to no effect. Another series of airstrikes followed on 13 October, although fewer defending aircraft made an appearance and TF 38's carriers lost 12 aircraft to all causes. At twilight, torpedo bombers attacked TG 38.1; Hornet evaded one torpedo that eventually crippled
1056-403: A fighter sweep over northern Mindanao; there was no evidence of Japanese aerial activity in the air or on the ground. One aircraft was reportedly destroyed at Del Monte Airfield and six others were damaged. Both task groups launched large airstrikes later that morning to attack the defenses of the landing beaches themselves and the area immediately behind them. Their effectiveness was inhibited by
1188-655: A full range of legal services to the Army Guard, Air Guard, State Guard, and Youth and Community Programs. CSG JAG's also provide critical legal assistance to service members and their families, which has included protecting deployed service members from civilian job loss, foreclosure, and repossession. JAG's typically work at National Guard armories or installation legal offices throughout the state. Unit Training Assemblies (UTAs, also referred to as "drills") are one weekend each month. Some units require longer drills depending on their mission and aligned units. The entire CSG also
1320-406: A length of 872 feet (265.8 m) overall and 820 feet (249.9 m) at the waterline , although this was revised to an overall length of 888 feet (270.7 m) in the "long-hull" sub-class when the bow was reshaped to accommodate a pair of quadruple 40-millimeter (1.6 in) mounts in the bow compared to the single mount in the earlier "short-hull" ships like Hornet . All of the ships had
1452-464: A pair each of fleet and light carriers for the campaign. Task Force 58 departed Majuro on 6 June in time to begin the air strikes on the southern Marianas six days later, three days prior to the planned amphibious assault on Saipan , although the Japanese discovered that it had left Majuro on 8 June. Hornet ' s night fighters began shooting down Japanese reconnaissance aircraft on the night of 10 June. Vice Admiral Marc Mitscher , commander of
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#17327717995481584-533: A pair of magnetic mines that effectively bottled up the 40-odd ships in Kossol Roads. This was the first and only time that carrier aircraft laid mines during the Pacific War. Despite reinforcing fighters that flew in overnight, the Americans sank 24 merchant and auxiliary ships, totaling nearly 130,000 gross register tons (GRT) of shipping, plus two old destroyers , four subchasers and
1716-515: A pair of repair ships on 30 and 31 March. American pilots claimed to have shot down 63 aircraft and destroyed over 100 more on the ground while losing 25 aircraft of their own. On their way back to Majuro, the carriers attacked targets on Woleai on 1 April to little effect. Before Task Force 58 departed Majuro on 13 April, Rear Admiral Joseph J. Clark had hoisted his flag in Hornet as commander of Task Group 58.1 that consisted of his flagship and
1848-768: A part of a CSG-wide restructuring effort, Team Blaze was decommissioned and its personnel were reformed under Joint Task Force Rattlesnake as the Rattlesnake Support Detachment. Their most recent fire activation was in August 2024 for the Park Fire. As of March 2024 the unit's commanding officer was changed to Captain John A. Sheneman, who previously served as the executive officer under Captain Matthew Epstein. The California State Guard established
1980-439: A range of 14,100 nautical miles (26,100 km; 16,200 mi) at 20 knots (37 km/h; 23 mph). The short-hull Essex es had a flight deck that was 862 feet (262.7 m) long and had a maximum width of 108 feet (32.9 m). Below it was a 654 by 70 feet (199.3 m × 21.3 m) hangar with a height of 18 feet (5.5 m). The hangar was connected to the flight deck by three aircraft elevators , two in
2112-682: A second Lieutenant in the Army National Guard. USS Hornet (CV-12) USS Hornet (CV/CVA/CVS-12) is an Essex -class aircraft carrier built for the United States Navy (USN) during World War II . Completed in late 1943, the ship was assigned to the Fast Carrier Task Force (variously designated as Task Force 38 or 58) in the Pacific Ocean , the navy's primary offensive force during
2244-544: A thousand yards (910 meters) astern of Hornet and two other were splashed by her sister Bennington ' s gunners. After the airstrikes flew off, further Japanese attacks crippled her sister Franklin . As they approached Kure, the 20 Hellcats of Hornet ' s Fighter-Bomber Squadron 17 encountered 40 fighters from the IJAAF's elite 434rd Kokutai . In a battle which lasted 25 minutes, six American and four Japanese fighters were shot down. The total casualties from
2376-635: A three-month Asynchronous Learning online course where members report to a student learns the fundamentals of the CSG. They are given monthly homework and E-Learning tasks to strengthen their knowledge and train how to interact with the chain of command. Each month new materials are released and students are exposed to another element of becoming a proficient member of their Unit and the CSG. Members are required to maintain physical fitness standards, done on their own time. Other schools are available to service members who want to promote to their next rank. These include
2508-432: A total of 249 aircraft. Despite this, three destroyers, two ammunition ships, and one Landing Ship, Tank were sunk by kamikazes and eight destroyers, a destroyer escort and a minelayer were damaged. The following day, the Japanese continued to attack, albeit with fewer aircraft. Kamikazes damaged Hornet ' s sister Hancock , one battleship, a destroyer and a destroyer escort. Operation Ten-Go ( Ten-gō sakusen )
2640-515: A total of 3,095 sorties in the last seven days of March. The Japanese heavily attacked TF 58 between 26 and 31 March and damaged 10 ships, at the cost of around 1,100 aircraft. On 1 April, Hornet ' s planes began to provide direct support to the forces landing on Okinawa. Five days later the Japanese launched a mass airstrike on 6 April that consisted to almost 700 planes, of which at least 355 were kamikazes. Mitscher cleared his flight decks of all non fighters and his pilots claimed to have shot down
2772-685: A total strength of over 24,000 troops, it is the largest National Guard in the United States. As of January 2012 , California National Guardsmen have been deployed overseas more than 38,000 times since 2001, during which time twenty-nine Guardsmen have been killed in Iraq and two have died in Afghanistan . The Constitution of the United States specifically charges the National Guard with dual federal and state missions. When under
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#17327717995482904-582: A vital role in the 2008 "Operation Lightning Strike," when Governor Arnold Schwarzenegger activated over 2,000 troops to help firefighters. California National Guard The California National Guard is part of the National Guard of the United States , a dual federal-state military reserve force. The CA National Guard has three components: the CA Army National Guard , CA Air National Guard , and CA State Guard . With
3036-496: Is a former CSG command which served as the agency's rapid response force. It was previously commanded by Lieutenant Colonel Brian Rodgers. The ERC and all other units under it were officially decommissioned in early 2024 as part of a CSG-wide restructuring effort ordered by Adjutant General Matthew P. Beevers that saw standalone CSG units being decommissioned and their personnel reassigned directly under active California National Guard units as dedicated support detachments. Team Shield
3168-430: Is authorized for all service members who maintain 100% drill attendance in a twelve-month period. CSG service members are eligible for federal and state military awards and may wear previously awarded military awards and decorations. On occasion CSG have been awarded skill badges from other state defense forces, like jump schools, or cyber and drivers course. As of August 2024, uniforms regulations were changed as part of
3300-426: Is done utilizing a blended learning model ( E-Learning and In-person Instruction). While prior military members retain any Military Occupational Specialty (MOS) previously held, non-prior service members have no MOS qualification. Members with civilian qualifications that meet or exceed standards for a particular MOS are used as Subject Matter Experts (SME) to train their Army/Air Guard counterparts. An example of this
3432-541: Is required to participate in an annual muster each October to ensure that all service members are meeting basic height, weight, and medical requirements, as well as to ensure that their paperwork and certificates are up-to-date in the event of an activation. CSG service members were previously authorized the same uniforms as their federal counterparts ( Army , Air Force , Navy ) with state insignia. Awards from prior military service may be worn. All CSG service members must purchase their uniforms. A yearly $ 125 uniform allowance
3564-528: Is subject to the Uniform Code of Military Justice (UCMJ) per CMVC § 560. All citizens over the age of 18 and possess a high school diploma or GED may apply for enlistment. Military veterans and those with special skills which materially contribute to the National Guard are of particular interest. CSG service members are normally considered uncompensated state employees, although when called to Emergency State Active Duty (ESAD), they become compensated at
3696-552: Is the firearms training team, which is responsible for administering weapons training throughout the California National Guard. Many CSG service members are fully integrated with Army and Air Guard units. Members of standalone CSG units stay within the CSG's command structure. The Army Component is the largest section of the organization. Members serve in aligned or standalone units. Aligned units are directly connected to an Army National Guard unit. For example,
3828-490: The Army Air Force had enough operable aircraft of its own to assume those roles. After Hornet arrived there, Clark hoisted his flag aboard her again, although he was not in command of the task group. The increasing threat from kamikaze suicide aircraft that had damaged seven carriers since the invasion of Leyte caused the navy to reassess its air group composition. Fighters were obviously needed more to intercept
3960-546: The Bonin Islands , Spruance ordered Task Groups 58.1 and 58.4 to rendezvous on the 14th, attack the airbases there the following day and return in time to concentrate for the battle that he expected on the 17th. On 15 June, fighters from the two task groups conducted fighter sweeps over Iwo Jima , Hahajima and Chichi Jima , claiming to have shot down 20 Zeros over Iwo Jima for the loss of two Hellcats. Clark stationed his nightfighters over Iwo Jima that night to prevent
4092-751: The COVID-19 pandemic . Additional activations occurred for civil unrest, humanitarian aid, and wildfires. 2019: CSG service members were activated to assist with evacuations and rescue operations during high water levels at the Russian River in Guerneville. CSG service members were instrumental in emergency management operations after the Ridgecrest earthquake in July 2019. 2018: CSG service members were activated to assist with evacuations during
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4224-771: The Camp Fire in Butte County in 2018. 2017: CSG service members were activated to assist during winter storms resulting in mudslides and flooding, and the Mendocino Complex Fire and the Carr Fire in 2017. CSG service members are routinely activated for California's wildfire seasons. A large-scale operation in October/November 2007, over 100 CSG members were activated with their National Guard counterparts to fight wildfires. The CSG had
4356-626: The Korean War of 1950–1953, but spent the rest of the war being modernized to allow her to operate jet-propelled aircraft. The ship was modernized again in the late 1950s for service as an anti-submarine carrier. She played a minor role in the Vietnam War during the 1960s and in the Apollo program , recovering the Apollo 11 and Apollo 12 astronauts when they returned from the Moon. Hornet
4488-866: The Marshall Islands where she arrived on 20 March. Two days later the Task Force departed to attack warships and airfields in the Palau Islands and the Kossol Roads to eliminate any threat to the scheduled operations in New Guinea and the Admiralty Islands. To block the exits from Kossol and trap all of the ships inside the lagoon , the torpedo bomber squadrons from Hornet and her sisters Lexington and Bunker Hill had trained on aerial minelaying . To avoid detection,
4620-689: The Pacific War . In early 1944, she participated in attacks on Japanese installations in New Guinea , Palau and Truk among others. Hornet then took part in the Mariana and Palau Islands campaign and most of the subsidiary operations, most notably the Battle of the Philippine Sea in June that was nicknamed the "Great Marianas Turkey Shoot" for the disproportionate losses inflicted upon
4752-704: The Pescadores Islands in support of the scheduled landings at Lingayen Gulf in Luzon on 9 January 1945 and to interdict the maritime traffic between the Japanese home islands and her conquests in Southeast Asia . The carriers first attacked Formosa on 3–4 January before turning to Luzon for airstrikes on the 6th and 7th and then returned to bomb targets in Formosa on the 9th. While claiming to have destroyed over 150 aircraft with little aerial opposition,
4884-550: The Tokyo area scheduled for 16–17 February that were intended to isolate Iwo Jima. TF 58's pilots claimed to have shot down 341 aircraft and destroyed 190 on the ground; attacks on industrial targets were not very effective and little shipping was sunk, with the most notable example being the recently completed Imperial Japanese Army escort carrier Yamashio Maru . The Japanese admitted losing at least 78 aircraft in aerial combat while claiming to having shot down 134 aircraft themselves;
5016-480: The stern and the bow. Early in the design process, the Essex s were intended to carry over 100 aircraft: 27 fighters, 37 scout or dive bombers , 18 torpedo bombers , three observation and two utility aircraft, plus 21 partially disassembled spares. Early war experience increased the number of fighters to 36 at the expense of the observation and utility aircraft and reduced the number of spares to nine. By mid-1945,
5148-776: The 11th, the carriers flew off almost 1,500 sorties against targets in French Indochina and off the coast. Halsey turned his ships northward and attacked Formosa and the Hong Kong area on 15–16 January and reattacked Formosa on the 21st after having exited the South China Sea. Until this date, the Third Fleet had not been attacked by the Japanese, but the kamikazes badly damaged Hornet ' s sister Ticonderoga . En route back to Ulithi, TF 38's planes flew reconnaissance missions over Okinawa on 22 January to aid
5280-401: The 17th due to worsening weather and another attempt the next morning also failed before Halsey sailed unwittingly into the path of Typhoon Cobra later that day. Low on fuel, many ships were top-heavy and rolled heavily which sometimes broke aircraft free from their tie-down chains. Across the fleet 146 aircraft were destroyed, three light carriers were damaged when aircraft broke loose inside
5412-483: The 1st Mobile Fleet, ordered A-Go to begin on 16 April while he concentrated and refueled his forces east of the Philippines. At nightfall on the 17th his ships were spotted by an American submarine some 900 nmi (1,700 km; 1,000 mi) west of Saipan, although Spruance did not receive its report until the early morning of 18 June. Japanese reconnaissance aircraft located Task Force 58 on that afternoon, but
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5544-439: The 27th. Four days later McCain relieved Mitscher as commander of TF 38 and Rear Admiral Alfred Montgomery assumed command of TG 38.1. The task group, together with TGs 38.2 and 38.3 returned to the Philippines in early November and attacked airfields in Luzon on 5 November, claiming to have destroyed 439 aircraft, most on the ground, while losing 36 aircraft to all causes. The aviators sank the heavy cruiser Nachi , an oiler and
5676-526: The 40th Infantry Division of the CA Army National Guard is the CNG parent unit to the CSG's 40th Infantry Division Support Detachment. The Air Component are service members assigned to Air National Guard units. The Air Component has members stationed around the state including 163rd Attack Wing, 146th Airlift Wing, 129th Rescue Wing, 144th Fighter Wing, and 195th Wing (Cyber). On 18 March 2017,
5808-501: The 4th. American claims were 52 aircraft shot down and more than 60 destroyed on the ground in exchange for 55 aircraft lost to all causes between 19 February and 1 March. While refitting in Ulithi, Air Group 17 relieved Air Group 11 aboard the Hornet before departing on the 14th for another series of attacks on Japan in preparation for the invasion of Okinawa . A Japanese reconnaissance aircraft spotted TF 58 on 17 March which allowed
5940-624: The American attacks and 85 after them; the Imperial Japanese Army Air Force (IJAAF) lost 31–40 aircraft during the attacks. One of Hornet ' s Hellcats was shot down off Leyte on 10 September. The pilot was rescued by Filipino fishermen and he had been contacted by members of the Filipino Resistance and informed that there was no Japanese garrison on Leyte. Halsey, coupling this information with
6072-681: The American ships steamed far south of the Japanese naval base at Truk . They were spotted on the 28th and Admiral Mineichi Koga , commander of the Combined Fleet , ordered his warships to withdraw to Tawi-Tawi Island in the Philippines and for the merchant shipping to disperse. As Task Force 58 approached its targets on the morning of 30 March, its carriers launched a fighter sweep that shot down 30 Mitsubishi A6M Zero fighters already airborne and they were soon followed by 39 Grumman TBF Avenger torpedo bombers, each of which carried
6204-529: The Americans lost 46 aircraft in combat and 40 more in accidents. With his obligation to cover the Lingayen Gulf area until the landings were done, Halsey's ships entered the South China Sea during the night of 9–10 January in search of the two Ise -class battleships that had been partially turned into seaplane carriers and had been mistakenly reported at Cam Ranh Bay . After refueling on
6336-497: The Americans lost 88 aircraft to all causes. The Japanese did not attack TF 58 during their time off the coast of Honshu . The carriers turned south late in the afternoon of the 17th to prepare to support the amphibious landings on Iwo Jima on 19 February. TG 58.1 was refueling on the day of the landing, but joined the other task groups providing close support for the Marines ashore on the 20th. Three days later, Spruance released
6468-528: The Bonins again on 4–5 August; it arrived back at Eniwetok on the 9th. That same day, Sample was relieved to take command of a carrier division and Captain Austin Doyle replaced him. Unwilling to serve under Vice Admiral William Halsey , Clark hauled down his flag and was relieved by Vice Admiral John McCain on 18 August. Clark remained aboard Hornet to assist McCain however he might and to serve as
6600-566: The Bonins again three days later, now reinforced by Task Group 58.2. They attacked on 3–4 July; the surviving nine Zeros and eight torpedo bombers attempt to do equal damage to their enemy, but lost five Zeros and seven bombers without inflicting any damage on the ships. The task groups relieved Task Group 58.4, which had been supporting the fighting on Saipan, and remained there a week before returning to Eniwetok. In late July, Task Group 58.1 attacked Japanese bases in Yap and nearby islands before attacking
6732-830: The CSG established the Maritime Support Command (MARSCOM) under the command of CAPT M. Hanson, with SCPO E. Anderson as the MARSCOM Senior Enlisted Advisor, in a ceremony aboard the decommissioned WWII-era carrier USS Hornet . MARSCOM personnel previously wore USN NWU III uniforms, however as of August 2024, their uniforms regulations were changed as part of the CSG-wide uniform policy changes set in place by Adjutant General Matthew P. Beevers. They now wear OCP uniforms with silver-on-black name and branch tapes, while retaining their USN-style rank insignia. The Emergency Response Command (ERC)
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#17327717995486864-563: The CSG-wide uniform policy changes set in place by Adjutant General Matthew P. Beevers. CSG service members now wear standard OCP uniforms with silver-on-black name and branch tapes, a standardized CSG shoulder patch on the left arm, and a California flag on the right arm. Service members wear the rank insignia of their respective component, with Army Component wearing US Army rank insignia, Air Component wearing US Air Force rank insignia, and Maritime Component wearing custom US Navy rank insignia on an OCP hook-and-loop rank tab similar to those worn by
6996-549: The California Army National Guard's 49th Military Police Brigade upon the decommissioning of the unit. Team Blaze was the CSG's dedicated firefighting and search and rescue unit, and was the United States' first dedicated military firefighting strike team. Officially founded in 2019 by Captain Matthew Epstein, they saw major action on the Dixie Fire where they were credited with saving the life of
7128-1053: The California Military Department. The California State Guard is authorized under the provisions of the Title 32, United States Code, Section 109(c) and the California State Military Reserve Act (codified in the California Military and Veterans Code). It has legal standing as part of California's Active Militia. Activations are mandatory at times and service members are covered under the Uniformed Services Employment and Reemployment Rights Act (USERRA) as enacted by California state law (7 MVC 394 et. seq. and 566). Employers are required to comply with these laws when service members are called to Emergency State Active Duty (ESAD). Each service member
7260-521: The Japanese admitted losing 110 aircraft, including 32 kamikazes. Reconnaissance aircraft had located the remnants of the IJN in Kure and Kobe on the 18th and Mitscher ordered TGs 58.1, 58.3 and 58.4 to attack the former port . The Japanese caught Clark's carriers with their decks full of aircraft, preparing to fly off the morning's airstrike, but all of the attack aircraft were shot down; one kamikaze crashed
7392-500: The Japanese bases in the western Caroline Islands and the approaches to the Philippines, including Yap and the Palaus. Mitscher began the process by taking three of his task groups, including Hornet ' s TG 38.1, to attack the Palaus on 6–8 September before moving further west to attack Mindanao on 9–10 September, the southernmost large island of the Philippines. Encouraged by the lack of opposition, Halsey ordered Mitscher to attack
7524-416: The Japanese during the day and they shot down 208 aircraft of the 373 flown off by the carriers. The Americans lost seven Hellcats at sea, nine over Guam and six by accidents; seven bombers had been shot down by AA guns over Guam and two others had crashed. All told they lost 31 aircraft to all causes during the day. The Japanese lost 35 aircraft in accidents and aboard the two carriers sunk by submarines during
7656-526: The Japanese facilities in the Marianas until the fast battleships escorting Task Force 58 were detached to make a preliminary bombardment of Saipan on 13 June. Even before he received the report of the bombardment, he ordered the 1st Mobile Fleet to move forward to Guimaras Island to start training their inexperienced aviators in a more protected environment. He then alerted all forces to prepare to implement Plan A-Go, effective on 19 June, once he had word of
7788-461: The Japanese from launching reconnaissance missions or air strikes before launching more air strikes on the 16th. The bulk of the reinforcements intended for A-Go were still in Japan at this time, but the American carriers claimed to have destroyed a total of 81 aircraft, including 40 in the air, for the loss of four aircraft in combat and seven others in crashes, before departing the area later that afternoon. Vice Admiral Jisaburō Ozawa , commander of
7920-442: The Japanese to disperse their aircraft and hide them. American attacks on the airfields in Kyushu were largely ineffective and were fiercely opposed. Hornet ' s Fighter Squadron 17 encountered many fighters over Kanoya Air Field and claimed to have shot down 25 of them. Japanese attacks on TF 58 lightly damaged three carriers, none of which were under Clark's command. American fighter pilots claimed 126 aircraft shot down and
8052-421: The Japanese. The ship then participated in the Philippines Campaign in late 1944, and the Volcano and Ryukyu Islands campaign in the first half of 1945. She was badly damaged by Typhoon Connie in June and had to return to the United States for repairs. After the war she took part in Operation Magic Carpet , returning troops to the U.S. and was then placed in reserve in 1946. Hornet was reactivated during
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#17327717995488184-531: The Joint Medical Command (JMC) on 18 July 2019. The JMC had the responsibility of overseeing CSG medical personnel as they perform their mission of keeping California's military and citizens healthy. The JMC provided military leadership to doctors, nurses, surgeons, and technicians. The Legal Support Command (LSC) is a joint command of the CSG composed of Judge Advocates ( JAGs, military attorneys ), warrant officer legal administrators, enlisted paralegals, and other personnel in staff and support roles. CSG JAG's provide
8316-447: The Marianas on 7 October, after weathering a typhoon that inflicted only minor damage. At this time, Hornet ' s Air Group 11 consisted of 39 Hellcats, 25 Helldivers and 18 Avengers. After refueling the following day, they proceeded north with the mission of destroying Japanese aircraft that could reinforce the defenses of the Philippines. Analysis of American radio traffic had alerted the Japanese and they were expecting an attack along
8448-451: The NCOA (Noncommissioned Officers' Academy), OCS (Officer Candidate School), OTA (Officer Training Academy), and WOTA (Warrant Officer Training Academy). The NCOA has four levels: BLC ( Basic Leadership Course : E4–E5), ALC (Advanced Leadership Course: E5–E6), SLC (Senior Leadership Course: E6–E8), and SMA (Sergeants Major Academy: E8–E9). These courses are broken into four or five residential phases at Camp San Luis Obispo. In every course, work
8580-425: The National Guard is: "To provide trained and disciplined forces for domestic emergencies or as otherwise provided by state law." California State Guard's Military Museum Command interim state museum is Camp Roberts Historical Museum. militarymuseum.org is provided as a public service by the California Military Department . Major General Matthew Beevers serves as the Adjutant General of California since he
8712-409: The Navy took the opportunity to refit the ship to the latest standard. Her SK radar was upgraded to a SK-2 model with a dish antenna that improved its performance and her hangar-deck catapult was replaced by one on the flight deck. Her island was remodeled to expand the flag bridge which caused the removal of the forward lower 40 mm mount on the island and 10 new quadruple mounts were added along
8844-438: The Philippines and Japan. As part of the plan, the carrier-based aircraft would operate from land bases. After recovering their aircraft, TF 38 headed south that night to refuel east of Luzon the next day. In the early afternoon of 11 October, TG 38.1 and 38.4 launched an airstrike again the airfield in Aparri , on the northern coast of Luzon, which claimed to have destroyed 15 aircraft on the ground. Before dawn, TF 38 launched
8976-399: The President serves as Commander-In-Chief. The federal mission assigned to the National Guard is: "To provide properly trained and equipped units for prompt mobilization for war, national emergency or as otherwise needed." The Governor of California may call individuals or units of the California National Guard into state service during emergencies or special situations. The state mission of
9108-506: The Train, Assess, and Counsel method when conducting training. Any MOS , awards, medals, or badges earned in federal service transfer to the CSG. Depending on rank and time since separation, previous rank also transfers. CSG service members are held to the same regulations and training requirements for promotion as their National Guard counterparts. All new members must attend the Basic Training Course (BOC). New members without prior military experience must attend Initial Entry Training (IET),
9240-413: The additional systems added while under construction contributed to the general overcrowding of the crew and the cramped island of the ships. Hornet was completed with most of her radars mounted on the tripod mast atop her island. It carried the SK early-warning radar , SM height-finding radar and the SG surface search radar . A SC early-warning radar was positioned on a stub lattice mast on
9372-474: The air group typically consisted of 36 or 37 fighters, an equal number of fighter bombers , and dive and torpedo squadrons of 15 aircraft apiece for a total of 103. By this time, the fighter squadrons included specialist photo-reconnaissance and night fighter aircraft. The main armament of the Essex -class ships consisted of a dozen 38- caliber 5-inch (127 mm) dual-purpose guns arranged in two superfiring pairs of twin- gun turrets fore and aft of
9504-572: The arc between the Ryukyu Islands and Formosa or in the northern Philippines. The Americans obliged with an attack on the Ryukyus on 10 October, claiming to have shot down over 100 aircraft while losing 21 of their own to all causes. This attack caused the Japanese to activate the Sho-1 and Sho-2 variants of their plan that provided for the defense of the Philippines and for the islands between
9636-458: The attack. On 8 April, TF 58 returned to its previous mission of providing support to the US forces ashore, although continued kamikaze attacks exacted a toll. A week later, Mitscher ordered a fighter sweep over Kyushu to focus Japanese attention on his ships rather the more vulnerable amphibious shipping sustaining the ongoing battle. His pilots claimed to have shot down 29 aircraft and destroyed 51 on
9768-521: The attacks on the Japanese mainland scheduled for 11 November. After receiving reports of Japanese surface ships in the Sibuyan Sea , Halsey ordered the task group to reverse course on the night of 23/24 October. The task group was too far away to intervene when the Japanese surprised the American escort carriers off the coast of Samar on the morning of 25 October with their force of battleships and cruisers, but McCain's carriers were able to close
9900-421: The battle, together with 18 Guam-based aircraft shot down and 52 destroyed on the ground for a grand total of 313 to all causes, an exchange ratio of almost exactly 10:1 in favor of the Americans. Not without cause did they nickname the battle "The Marianas Turkey Shoot". At dusk, the Japanese turned away to the northwest to regroup and to refuel and the Americans turned west to close the distance. They discovered
10032-576: The bombardment. The plan was intended to inflict a decisive defeat on the USN and cause the American government to sue for peace after the collapse of public will to continue the war. An American submarine spotted the movement and alerted Vice Admiral Raymond Spruance , commander of the entire operation. Not knowing the Japanese intentions, he believed that the Japanese ships would not be able to attack before 17 June. To take advantage of this window of opportunity to destroy Japanese aerial reinforcements gathering in
10164-481: The carrier Zuikaku while the other aircraft sank the carrier Hiyō , two tankers and lightly damaged three other carriers and a few other ships. Clark ordered his task group to turn on their lights to guide his pilots home before Mitscher ordered the entire task force to do the same. Despite these precautions, six Hellcats, 35 Helldivers and 28 Avengers were lost in deck-landing accidents or ran out of fuel, although most of their crews were rescued that night or over
10296-687: The carriers turned into the wind to begin launching 140 fighters; at 10:04, the fighters patrolling over Guam were summoned to reinforce the Combat Air Patrol (CAP) over Task Force 58, although they were too late to participate in the aerial battle. The CAP, reinforced by the newly launched Hellcats, intercepted the Japanese, shooting down 40 of the 57 Zeros involved and seriously disrupting the Japanese attack which only inflicted minor damage on one battleship. Hornet contributed Hellcats who claimed to have shot down nine Zeros and three Nakajima B6N "Jill" torpedo bombers. The second wave of aircraft
10428-478: The central Philippine islands, including Leyte and the other Visayan Islands . Resistance was weak during the attacks on 12–13 September and the American pilots claimed 173 aircraft shot down, 305 destroyed on the ground and 59 ships sunk for the loss of 9 aircraft to all causes. The reality was slightly different, the First Air Fleet defending the central Philippines had a strength of 176 aircraft before
10560-467: The control of its state governor, National Guard functions range from limited actions during non-emergency situations to full scale law enforcement of martial law when local law enforcement officials can no longer maintain civil control. The National Guard may be called into federal service in response to a call by the President or Congress . When National Guard troops are called to federal service,
10692-454: The day's fighting over Japan, including the engagement between VBF-17 and the 434rd Kokutai, was 14 American and 25 Japanese aircraft shot down. The attacks on the warships in Kure were fairly ineffectual, with the American pilots lightly damaging four battleships and many other warships, but badly damaging only a single escort carrier and a light cruiser. Hornet lost 13 aircraft in combat during
10824-574: The day. The afternoon's scheduled airstrikes were canceled to allow TF 58 to protect its damaged ships as they withdrew; further attacks on 20 and 21 March failed to significantly damage any more ships. TF 58 aircraft began hitting Okinawa on 23 March. The following day, TG 581.1 reconnaissance aircraft spotted a convoy that consisted of two troop transports , an ammunition ship and five escorts off Amami Ōshima headed for Okinawa; an 112-aircraft airstrike from Clark's carriers sank them all. Mitscher's carriers continued to attack Okinawa, ultimately flying
10956-480: The dense foliage, heavy smoke in the air and the large number of aircraft involved over a relatively small area. Many aircraft had to wait almost two hours before receiving their targets for lack of sufficient communications channels. That evening the task groups departed the area to refuel the next morning, returning to the area by the morning of the 22nd, although the bad weather prevented most flying. That evening Halsey ordered TG 38.1 to proceed to Ulithi to prepare for
11088-400: The distance enough by the early afternoon to launch two long-range airstrikes that accomplished little. The Americans lost 14 aircraft to all causes and failed to significantly damage any of Vice Admiral Takeo Kurita 's ships. The following morning, after TG 38.1 and 38.2 rendezvoused, they launched an 257-aircraft airstrike that attacked Kurita's ships. Avengers from Hornet and Cowpens hit
11220-400: The eastern coast of Luzon. Later that morning TG 38.1's aircraft attacked targets near Clark Air Base and San Bernardino Strait , losing seven aircraft to all causes. Pilots claimed to have shot down 30 aircraft and to have destroyed 29 more on the ground. The following day, the aviators were tasked to attack airfields near Clark Air Base and Manila and claimed to have destroyed 23 aircraft on
11352-467: The elderly destroyer Satsuki . The American pilots claimed to have shot down 110 aircraft and destroyed 95 on the ground, although the First Air Fleet actually lost less than two dozen aircraft to all causes. TF38 claimed to have sunk or damaged seven oil tankers , but Japanese records show that nine were sunk or wrecked. Bad weather forced the cancellation of most of the airstrikes planned for
11484-509: The fast carriers to attack the Japanese Home Islands again in an attempt to neutralize the kamikaze threat. Bad weather limited the effectiveness of the airstrikes around Tokyo on 25 January; continued bad weather forced the cancellation of the airstrikes planned the following day despite moving southwards overnight. Mitscher refueled his ships on the 27th and turned south to attack Okinawa on 1 March before returning to Ulithi on
11616-415: The fast carriers would gain air supremacy over Luzon. Starting on the 14th, TF 38 flew continuous missions in support of that objective until they had to refuel three days later. The aviators claimed to have destroyed 269 aircraft, mostly on the ground, sunk a few merchant ships and heavily damaged roads and railroads while losing 27 aircraft in combat and 38 to accidents. The task force was unable to refuel on
11748-483: The first to engage Japanese aircraft taking off at 07:00 and they had to be reinforced by fighters from Hornet and Yorktown . By 09:30 they had claimed to have shot down 45 fighters and 5 other aircraft while only losing a pair of Hellcats. At that time Hornet launched an air strike of 17 Helldivers and 7 Avengers, escorted by a dozen Hellcats, that bombed Orote without encountering Japanese aircraft. At 09:50 an incoming Japanese air strike had been picked up on radar and
11880-407: The flight deck and a folding one on the port side of the flight deck, abreast the island . Catapult arrangements for the early Essex s varied between ships; Hornet was built with a single hydraulic catapult on the forward part of the flight deck and another was fitted transversely on the hangar deck. All of the Essex s were fitted with arresting gear to allow them to land aircraft over both
12012-486: The force the following morning and TG 58.1 began launching aircraft almost two hours later. Hornet ' s Avengers put at least one torpedo into the battleship, the first of the ten torpedoes and five bomb hits that sank her less than two hours later. Of Yamato ' s screening force, the light cruiser Yahagi and four of the seven destroyers were also sunk or scuttled . The Americans lost three fighters, four dive bombers and three torpedo bombers to all causes during
12144-424: The ground, for the loss of 13 planes in combat. TGs 38.1 and 38.2 attacked targets in Luzon on the 25th, sinking the crippled heavy cruiser Kumano and a few smaller ships, and claimed to have shot down 26 Japanese aircraft and destroyed 29 on the ground. Having interdicted the flow of reinforcements to Leyte and maintained control of the air over the Philippines, the carriers retired to Ulithi to recuperate now that
12276-413: The ground. After recovering their aircraft, both task groups headed south to where they could support the amphibious landings on Leyte scheduled for 20 October. Halsey ordered on 19 October that the air groups aboard the Essex -class carriers be reorganized with 54 fighters, 24 Helldivers and 18 Avengers, using locally available replacement aircraft beginning on 29 October. That morning TG 38.1 launched
12408-452: The ground. His strategy worked and the kamikazes attacked TF 58 on 17 April, badly damaging Intrepid despite Clark's pilots claiming 72 attackers. The fast carriers returned to Okinawan waters and none of them were damaged by a kamikaze until 11 May. When the weather worsened in late April, Mitscher sent TG 58.1 to Ulithi to refit and rest his exhausted crews on the 27th. After Clark's ships rejoined him on 12 May, Mitscher sent TG 58.1 and 58.3
12540-408: The hangars and three destroyers were sunk. The Third Fleet was able to refuel on 19 December, but follow-on operations over Luzon scheduled for the 21st had to be canceled when the Americans realized that the typhoon was over Luzon, so TF 38 returned to Ulithi. On 30 December, TF 38 departed Ulithi to attack Japanese airfields and shipping in Formosa, French Indo-China , Luzon, China, the Ryukyus and
12672-485: The heavy cruiser Canberra . Halsey had originally planned to withdraw that night to refuel on the 14th, but he had plenty of fuel left and decided to attack the airfields from which the Japanese might mount attacks on Canberra as she was towed westwards. Little opposition was encountered when the naval aviators flew their morning airstrike over Formosa and the carriers began to withdraw that afternoon, having lost 23 aircraft to all causes. TG 38.1 remained behind to protect
12804-568: The inbound 51 Hellcats. They shot down 6 Hellcats for the loss of 24 Zeros and 5 Judys. The Japanese had enough remaining aircraft to mount two attacks against the task group. The first airstrike of about 20 torpedo bombers had every aircraft shot down by fighters and anti-aircraft fire and the second of 23 Zeros, 9 Judys and 9 Jills never found the American ships. They were intercepted and the Hellcats shot down 10 Zeros and 7 Jills. The task group arrived at Eniwetok on 27 June and departed to attack
12936-408: The island and four guns in single mounts on the port side of the flight deck. These guns were controlled by a pair of Mk 37 directors , mounted on the top of the island; each director was fitted with a Mk 4 fire-control radar . The early short-hull Essex s were equipped with eight quadruple 40-millimeter (1.6 in) Bofors anti-aircraft (AA) guns ; one mount each at the bow and stern, four atop
13068-409: The island and two on the port side of the flight deck, next to the 5-inch guns. Each mount was controlled by its own Mk 51 director. The carriers were also fitted with 46 Oerlikon 20-millimeter (0.8 in) light AA guns on single mounts along the sides of the flight deck and on the island. The waterline armor belt of the carriers was 10 feet (3 m) high, 508 feet (155 m) long and covered
13200-455: The kamikazes before they could reach the fleet so the groups were reorganized to consist of 73 fighters and 15 dive and torpedo bombers each. The change would take several months to implement and a single fighter squadron that large would prove to be too big for one man to lead, so they were split into two squadrons in January 1945. The temporary loss of the damaged carriers for repairs caused
13332-446: The light cruiser Noshiro with one bomb that started a quickly extinguished fire. About 20 minutes later another Avenger put a torpedo into the cruiser; the detonation disabled all of her boilers and left her dead in the water. About an hour and a half after that, 28 of Hornet ' s Avengers and Helldivers hit Noshiro again with a torpedo and she sank an hour later. Afterwards TG 38.1 resumed their interrupted voyage to Ulithi on
13464-724: The loss of one aircraft shot down by AA guns. Task Force 58 arrived at Majuro on 4 May and spent the next month preparing for the Mariana and Palau Islands campaign. The abrasive Browning had made many enemies and his mistakes led him to be relieved for cause on 29 May; he was replaced by Captain William Sample . By June Hornet ' s air group (Carrier Air Group 2 (CVG-2)) mustered 40 Hellcat fighters, including 4 night-fighter versions, 33 Curtiss SB2C Helldiver dive bombers and 20 Avengers. Task Group 58.1 had exchanged Cowpens for Hornet ' s sister Yorktown so it mustered
13596-499: The middle 62% of the hull. It was 4 inches (102 mm) thick, tapering to 2.5 inches (64 mm) at its bottom edge. The hangar deck was also 2.5 inches thick and the protective deck below it was 1.5 inches (38 mm) thick. Transverse 4-inch bulkheads closed off the ends of the belt armor to form the ship's armored citadel . The steering gear was protected by 2.5-inches of special treatment steel . The Essex -class carriers were designed with little space reserved for radar and
13728-490: The naval base's infrastructure over the next two days. They lost 9 aircraft in accidents and 27 in combat, mostly to anti-aircraft fire while claiming 59 aircraft in the air and 34 on the ground. En route to Majuro, Task Group 58.1 was detached to cover the bombardments of the airfields at Satawan and Ponape by the portions of the Task Force's escorting ships. Both islands had already been previously attacked and little additional damage appears to have been done in exchange for
13860-622: The new equipment that was fielded in late 1944 and 1945. Some of the ship's Mk 51 directors may have been replaced by Mk 57 directors with an integral Mk 34 fire-control radar and the Mk 4 fire-control radar atop the Mk 37 directors may have been upgraded to a Mk 12 system that shared its mount with a Mk 22 height finder. The SP height finder was a lighter version of the SM and began to be installed in Essex -class ships in March 1945. While being repaired,
13992-493: The next few days. After refuelling on 22 June, most of Task Force 58 sailed to Eniwetok in the Marshall Islands, but Clark took his task group north to attack the Bonins again to interdict any reinforcements for the Marianas. A reconnaissance aircraft spotted his ships on the morning of the 22nd and alerted the Japanese defenders. They scrambled about 60 Zeros and a few Yokosuka D4Y "Judy" dive bombers to intercept
14124-595: The night of the 18th. A radar-equipped Martin PBM Mariner patrol bomber discovered the 1st Mobile Fleet at 01:15 on 19 June, but its message was not received for another eight hours due to radio troubles. The early morning searches by the Americans were not successful, but the Japanese had been tracking them continuously since 01:00. That night the Americans had tracked reinforcements flying from Truk to Guam and Mitscher ordered fighters from Task Group 58.1 to patrol over Orote Field . Hellcats from Belleau Wood were
14256-499: The other components. No changes were made to formal or mess dress uniform regulations. August - September 2024: Service members from across the CSG were activated to assist in efforts to combat the Park Fire in Butte County and Tehama County. June 2022: Service members from Team Blaze were activated on a search and rescue mission in McCloud, CA to assist in search and rescue efforts to locate missing cyclist Terrell Lamont Knight. 2020 - 2022: CSG service members were activated for
14388-471: The overcrowding so that Hornet ' s sister Intrepid had a crew of 382 officers and 3,003 enlisted men in 1945. The ships had four geared steam turbines , each driving one shaft, using steam supplied by eight Babcock & Wilcox boilers . The turbines were designed to produce a total of 150,000 shaft horsepower (110,000 kW ), enough to give a maximum speed of 33 knots (61 km/h; 38 mph). The ships carried enough fuel oil to give them
14520-468: The plan regarding seizing bases in the Palaus and the Western Carolines. Halsey sent TG 38.1 south to attack Japanese airfields in the area during the invasion of Morotai that began on the 15th, but summoned them back to rejoin the bulk of TF 38 before his planned attack on Manila on 21 September. Hornet ' s aircraft participated in the second wave of attacks on Manila Bay and sank
14652-476: The planned invasion of that island while also attacking Japanese positions. All told the carriers destroyed some 300,000 GRT of shipping and claimed to have destroyed 615 aircraft while losing 201 aircraft to all causes during their excursion. On 27 January, Spruance relieved Halsey, Clark assumed command of TG 58.1 and brought Hornet back to the task group. The fast carriers, now renumbered as TF 58, departed Ulithi on 10 February for full-scale aerial assaults on
14784-433: The reorganization of TG 38 in which Hornet was transferred to TG 38.2 for the upcoming operations in support of the assault on Mindoro scheduled for 5 December. The landings were postponed 10 days and TF 38 sortied on 11 December. The ship mustered 51 Hellcats, 15 Helldivers and 18 Avengers at this time. For this operation, the Army would cover all targets south of Manila, the escort carriers would provide direct support while
14916-560: The reserve carrier-experienced admiral in case of need. Eight days later, Halsey relieved Spruance and Task Force 58 was redesignated as Task Force 38. In a strategy conference in Pearl Harbor in July, President Franklin Roosevelt agreed with General Douglas MacArthur that the Philippines, an American territory, would be liberated and they set the date for 20 December. This required a series of preliminary operations to assault
15048-426: The retiring Japanese fleet during the afternoon of the following day and Mitscher ordered an air strike launched even though it meant recovering the aircraft at night. It consisted of 54 Avengers and 51 Helldivers, escorted by 85 Hellcats. The Japanese carriers launched their remaining 68 Zeros of which all but three were shot down for the loss of 20 American aircraft to all causes. Hornet ' s aircraft badly damaged
15180-738: The same rate as their National Guard counterparts. Many CSG service members are full-time State Active Duty (SAD). Training is administered by the Joint Training Command (JTC). The JTC conducts training year round and trains an average of 475 service members per training year. The JTC provides training, including mission rehearsals, of individuals, units, and staffs using joint service doctrine and tactics, techniques, and procedures (TTPs) to prepare joint forces or joint staffs to respond to strategic, operational, or tactical requirements that are considered necessary to execute their assigned or anticipated missions. All JTC School Houses utilize
15312-617: The second day, but Halsey decided to attack Coron Bay in the Calamian Islands instead, an anchorage often used by Japanese oilers, on the other side of the Philippines with TGs 38.1 and 38.3. Hornet ' s air group led the combined airstrike which sank two oilers, six freighters , several escorts and the seaplane tender Akitsushima . TG 38.1 then sailed to Seeadler Harbor to replenish and exchange Air Group 2 for Air Group 11 . Clark finally departed Hornet on 1 October. The four carrier groups of TF 38 rendezvoused west of
15444-404: The ships escorting Canberra . The Japanese repeated their twilight attacks against TG 38.1 and managed to cripple the light cruiser Houston with a torpedo, but both cruisers reached Ulithi about a week later. Admitted Japanese losses during the airstrikes and on the attacks on the fleet amounted to 492 aircraft, including 100 from the IJAAF. On 18 October TG 38.1 rendezvoused with TG 38.4 off
15576-446: The shorter-ranged American aircraft failed to find the Japanese carriers. Ozawa decided to attack on the 19th rather than subject his inexperienced pilots to night landings that they had not trained for and turned south to keep the range from the Americans constant. Spruance had no idea where the Japanese were until a radio transmission from Ozawa was triangulated at a point 410 nmi (760 km; 470 mi) west of his task force on
15708-522: The sides of the flight deck and the hull for a total of 68 guns in 17 mounts. The Chief of Naval Operations had ordered three Essex -class carriers on 10 May 1940 in anticipation of Congress passing the Two-Ocean Navy Act , although the ship that later became Hornet originally had the name Kearsarge with the hull number of CV-12. The contract to build her was awarded to Newport News Shipbuilding on 9 September 1940, and her keel
15840-706: The starboard side of the funnel . Changes to the numbers of 20 mm guns aboard Hornet during the war are not available in the sources, although she had 35 single mounts by the end of the war. The ship did not return to any naval base in Hawaii or the West Coast until July 1945 when she arrived at San Francisco, California, for repairs for her typhoon damage, so it is unlikely that any major modifications were done before then. Facilities in Ulithi Atoll were limited, but they had been able to install some of
15972-399: The task force, decided to move the air strikes forward to 11 June, hoping to catch the Japanese off guard. The task group's fighters discovered 30 Zeros over Guam during their sweep and claimed to have shot them all down, with Hornet ' s 16 Hellcats claiming 23 of them as kills. A picket line of destroyers was stationed between the carriers and Guam and they controlled interceptions by
16104-495: The task group closed the distance while the convoy continued to approach Guam and was only 80 nmi (150 km; 92 mi) when it launched 20 bomb-armed Hellcats. Their pilots were not trained for anti-shipping missions and failed to significantly damage the ships of the convoy before it reached Guam. The new commander of the Combined Fleet, Admiral Soemu Toyoda , was uncertain if the Americans were merely attacking
16236-426: The task group's fighters of about a dozen reconnaissance and attack aircraft that afternoon. The following days the task group continued to attack Guam to eliminate all of the aircraft based there as well as any reinforcements. Later that afternoon, Hornet ' s aircraft discovered a seven-ship reinforcement convoy east of Guam, but it was too far away to attack if the aircraft were to land during daylight. That night
16368-707: The three Independence -class light carriers, Cowpens , Belleau Wood and Bataan . The task group was ordered to attack Sarmi, Sawar, and Wakde Airfields in Western New Guinea while the other task groups supported the amphibious landings at Hollandia . There was little Japanese air activity while the ships were off New Guinea, although the Task Group's fighters did shoot down two Mitsubishi G4M ( Allied reporting name "Betty" ) bombers that were searching for them. Task Force 58 withdrew to Seeadler Harbor on Manus Island on 25 April to replenish for
16500-543: The weak resistance put up by the Japanese during his raids on the Philippines, believed that most of the preliminary attacks planned before invading Luzon on 20 December, could be skipped and suggested to the Joint Chiefs of Staff that the landing date be moved forward to 20 October. They agreed, although Admiral Chester Nimitz , commander of the Pacific Fleet , still required that he should conduct those parts of
16632-541: Was decommissioned in 1970. She was eventually designated as both a National Historic Landmark and a California Historical Landmark , and she opened to the public as the USS Hornet Museum in Alameda, California , in 1998. The Essex -class ships were much larger than the preceding Yorktown -class aircraft carriers , which allowed them to carry more aircraft, armor, and armament. The initial ships had
16764-774: Was laid down on 3 August 1942. The seventh Hornet (CV-8) was sunk in the Battle of Santa Cruz on 26 October 1942, and the CV-12 hull was renamed Hornet shortly afterwards. The ship was launched on 30 August 1943 with her sponsor being Annie Reid Knox, wife of Secretary of the Navy Frank Knox . She was commissioned on 29 November 1943 with Captain Miles R. Browning in command. Hornet worked up off Bermuda before departing Norfolk , Virginia , on 14 February 1944 to join Task Force 58 at Majuro Atoll in
16896-535: Was appointed by California Governor Gavin Newsom on 1 August 2022. The California National Guard maintains the California Military Academy at Camp San Luis Obispo for the use and training of National Guard units from California and other states. Upon completion of Army Basic Training, OCS cadets will train a minimum of one weekend per month over a 16-18 month period before commissioning as
17028-429: Was detected at 11:07, but Hornet ' s fighters did not participate in their defeat. The third wave was given erroneous locations for the American ships and were 120 nmi (220 km; 140 mi) northwest of them at 12:40. Most of them turned back, but about a dozen did not and were detected by Task Group 58.1 at 12:56. They were intercepted by 17 Hellcats from Hornet and Yorktown which shot down six Zeros and
17160-409: Was dissolved in early 2022 following a change in the commander's intent to focus solely on firefighting. In 2022 the unit received five Cal OES Type 6 Fire Engines forming an engine strike package, however these were later relinquished back to Cal OES by the order of Adjutant General Matthew P. Beevers, who wanted the unit to remain focused on hand crew duties and search and rescue. In 2024 as part of
17292-636: Was the CSG's dedicated Security Forces (SECFOR) unit. The unit was designed to protect critical infrastructure, military installations, government buildings, and assist civil authorities during times of emergency. Their training mainly focused on setting up and maintaining Access Control Points (ACPs), evacuation checkpoints and procedures, and riot control. Team Shield also worked with Team Blaze on fire missions providing access control and assisting local authorities with evacuation orders. Many of their personnel were prior or active law enforcement and armed security guards. Most Team Shield personnel were reassigned under
17424-439: Was the attempted attack by a strike force of 10 Japanese surface vessels, led by the large battleship Yamato . This small task force had been ordered to fight through enemy naval forces, then beach Yamato and fight from shore, using her guns as coastal artillery and her crew as naval infantry . The Ten-Go force was spotted by American submarines shortly after it put to sea on 6 April. Reconnaissance aircraft from TF 58 found
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