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31-537: The gulf has numerous islands, the most famous of which are in the Hundred Islands National Park . This tourist attraction features 123 islands, the majority of which are small in size. The largest island is Cabarruyan Island, which constitutes the municipality of Anda, Pangasinan , followed by Santiago Island at the mouth of the Gulf. The shore from Labrador to San Fabian is characterized by

62-418: A kamikaze crashed into her portside below the bridge about 1 foot above the waterline. With fires and explosions amidships, Long lost power and internal communications, and was unable to fight fires forward. Her commanding officer, Lieutenant Stanley Caplan, fearing an explosion in the forward magazine , gave permission for men trapped on the forecastle to leave the ship, but through a misunderstanding,

93-691: A close-in preinvasion bombardment. Long arrived at Guadalcanal early in May to prepare for the Marianas assault, for which she sailed 4 June. Arriving Saipan 13 June for preinvasion sweeps west of the island, Long served as radar picket and guard ship until 24 June, then after a voyage to the Marshalls , screened the battleship Pennsylvania during preinvasion bombardment of Guam beginning 12 July. After antisubmarine and convoy escort duty, Long joined TG 32.5 at Guadalcanal 16 August. Long sortied for

124-600: A long grey-sand beach. Other well-known beaches are at Bonuan-Tondaligan , Bolinao and San Fernando City . The waters of Lingayen Gulf are murky due to its sandy bottom. Coral reefs were all but destroyed by dynamite fishing , although efforts are made to restore some, especially inside the Hundred Islands National Park. A number of cities are found along the gulf's coast such as Dagupan and Alaminos in Pangasinan, and San Fernando City ,

155-403: A total of 24 ships were sunk and 67 damaged by kamikaze planes, including the battleships USS  Mississippi and Colorado (accidentally hit by friendly fire), the heavy cruiser USS Louisville , the light cruiser USS  Columbia , and the minesweepers USS  Long and Hovey . Following the amphibious landings, Lingayen Gulf was turned into a vast supply depot for

186-976: Is also home to the 1200 megawatt Sual Power Station , the Philippines largest coal power plant. Hundred Islands National Park The Hundred Islands National Park is the first Philippine national park and a protected area located in Alaminos , Pangasinan . The islands, totaling 124 at low tide and 123 at high tide, are scattered in Lingayen Gulf covering an area of 16.76 square kilometres (6.47 sq mi). Only four of them had been developed for tourism: Quezon Island (the most developed), Governor Island, Children's Island, and Pilgrimage Island. The islands are of karst or limestone landscape. The islands are believed to be about two million years old. There are actually ancient corals that extend well inland, in an area previously comprising

217-623: The Dutch government, in response to the lack of resources on the terrestrial wildlife of the islands. The study assessed and created an inventory of the flora and fauna of the islands to help the city government create an environmental monitoring program to protect the island's biodiversity . The wildlife in this place includes bird such as the Philippine duck , white-eared brown-dove, Philippine hawk-cuckoo , Philippine coucal, Philippine bulbul , elegant tit, lemon-throated leaf-warbler, and

248-460: The Japanese 14th Army under Lieutenant General Masaharu Homma landed on the eastern part of the gulf at San Fernando City , Bauang , Santiago, Caba , Aringay , Agoo , and Santo Tomas , where they engaged in a number of relatively minor skirmishes with the defenders , a poorly equipped contingent of predominantly Filipino and American troops, and managed to successfully invade and occupy

279-688: The Marshalls on 2 February, then joined TF 76 on 28 February in New Guinea waters. She served as an escort and swept mines in the conquest of the Admiralties early in March, then escorted convoys to and from Milne Bay , Guadalcanal , and Espiritu Santo from Cape Sudest . On 18 April, Long sailed for the invasion of the Hollandia (currently known as Jayapura) area; she entered Humboldt Bay 22 April, made an exploratory sweep, and then fired

310-562: The U.S. House of Representatives — the Filipino Veterans’ Equity Act of 2006 and the Filipino Veterans’ Equity of 2005 sponsored by former Senator Daniel Inouye . Fishing and salt -making are the primary industries on Lingayen Gulf. In fact, the name Pangasinan literally means "place where salt is made". Salt is collected from seawater through evaporation, leaving the crystalline salt behind. Lingayen Gulf

341-879: The United States East Coast , Long sailed late in the year for the Mediterranean . Assigned to Destroyer Division 26, she patrolled the Adriatic and Mediterranean and served as station ship before steaming to the Philippines early in 1921 for duty with Asiatic station . Based at Cavite , Luzon , she patrolled the South China Sea until July 1922 when she was ordered to the United States. Long decommissioned at San Diego, California , 30 December 1922. Long recommissioned at San Diego 29 March 1930. Operating out of San Diego during

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372-521: The Arctic winter, she patrolled the approaches to Adak and guarded convoys as American forces sought to defeat Japanese garrisons in the western Aleutians . Long took part in the unopposed occupation of Amchitka 12 January 1943, and while patrolling along the Island, helped repel Japanese air attacks 31 January and 1 February. Thence, she joined Rear Admiral Francis W. Rockwell 's TF 51 on 3 May for

403-558: The Constitution. The vegetation of many of the islands remain intact due to the islands' rugged and inaccessible terrain. Beach forest species, such as Terminalia , and agoho ( Casuarina equisetifolia ), are most abundant in the islands. Other abundant trees include Molave ( Vitex parviflora ), malaikmo ( Celtis philippensis ), and sablot ( Litsea glutinosa ), commonly found in forests within limestone or karst lanscapes. Some exotic species are also present; among these are

434-704: The Invasion of Attu . Steaming through the heavy spring seas and blanketing fog of the Bering Sea , she closed on Attu on 11 May and swept for mines prior to the successful landings later that day. Long continued escort and patrol operations for the occupations of Attu and Kiska through the summer, returning to Pearl Harbor on 16 September to escort merchantmen to San Francisco where she overhauled. After patrol in Hawaiian waters from 15 November to 22 January 1944, she escorted reinforcements to Roi and Namur in

465-564: The activities, facilities, and improvements thereafter, from the Philippine Tourism Authority (PTA) to the city government of Alaminos, Pangasinan in pursuit of Republic Act No. 7160, otherwise known as the Local Government Code of 1991, which encouraged the transfer of power and authority from the national government to local government units, in line with the government's devolution program mandated by

496-568: The assault on the Palaus on 6 September, cleared mines off Peleliu and Angaur , and in Kossol Passage from 12 to 16 September, then had escort and patrol duty between the Palaus and Admiralties until joining the 7th Fleet on 4 October for the invasion of the Philippines. Leaving Seeadler Harbor 10 October with Minesweeping Unit 1, Long entered Leyte Gulf on 17 October. Spearheading

527-648: The benefit and enjoyment of the people of the Philippines and known as the Hundred Islands National Park (HINP). The Republic Act No. 3655 signed on June 22, 1962, created the Hundred Islands Conservation and Development Authority (HICDA), for the conservation, development and management of HINP. The park including Lucap Bay was transferred from HICDA to the Philippine Tourism Authority (PTA) by virtue of Section 35 of Presidential Decree No. 564 signed by President Ferdinand Marcos on October 2, 1974. On April 27, 1982, under Proclamation No. 2183,

558-587: The capital of La Union. Lingayen , the capital of Pangasinan, also lies on the shores of the gulf. The gulf has five major river sources. Flowing from the province of Pangasinan in the south are the Agno , Dagupan and Angalacan-Bued rivers. From the east in the province of La Union flow the Aringay and Bauang rivers. During World War II , Lingayen Gulf proved a strategically important theatre of war between American and Japanese forces. On 22 December 1941,

589-550: The control and supervision of the Tourism Authority for development purposes. In 2001, the National Committee on Geological Sciences declared the site as National Geological Monument . Executive Order No. 436 signed by President Gloria Macapagal Arroyo on June 21, 2005, transferred the administration, management, maintenance, and operation of the whole Hundred Islands National Park (HINP), including all

620-476: The crew aft abandoned ship. All were quickly rescued by Hovey standing by to aid the burning but still seaworthy ship, in fact a total of 149 of Long's crew were picked up by the Hovey . Lieutenant Caplan prepared to lead a salvage party and board Long from Apache , but continuing heavy air attacks prevented firefighting and salvage attempts. Later that afternoon a second plane attacked Long and exploded at

651-516: The fire tree ( Delonix regia ), calachuchi ( Plumeria acuminata ), atis ( Annona squamosa ), sineguelas ( Spondias purpurea ), sampaloc ( Tamarindus indica ), and ipil-ipil ( Leucaena leucocephala ). Species of legumes ( Fabaceae ), and figs ( Ficus ) were also recorded in small islands. The Sagip Lingayen Gulf Project is a study done in 2010, implemented by the Marine Environment and Resources Foundation Inc. and funded by

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682-597: The first day alone, and a total of 203,608 in following landings along a 20 mi (32 km) beachhead, stretching from Sual , Lingayen , and Dagupan (XIV Corps) in the west, and San Fabian (I Corps) into the east. Despite the Americans' success in driving out the Japanese army encamped at the gulf, the Americans suffered relatively heavy losses, particularly on their convoys due to Japanese kamikaze suicide attacks. From 13 December 1944 through 13 January 1945,

713-755: The grey-backed tailorbird; fish such as thresher sharks, angelfish, and butterflyfish; and crustaceans such as ghost crabs and hermit crabs. USS Long USS Long (DD-209/DMS-12) , named for John Davis Long (1838–1915), Secretary of the Navy from 1897 to 1902, was a Clemson -class destroyer of the United States Navy . Long was laid down by the William Cramp & Sons at Philadelphia on 23 September 1918, launched on 26 April 1919 by Mrs. Arnold Knapp (née Julia James Long) and commissioned on 20 October 1919. After shakedown along

744-412: The gulf. Following the defeat, the next day General MacArthur issued the order to retreat from Luzon and withdraw to Bataan . For the next three years, the gulf remained under Japanese occupation prior to the Lingayen Gulf landings . At 09:30 on 9 January 1945, the U.S. 6th Army conducted an amphibious landing on the gulf, following a devastating naval bombardment, with 68,000 troops landing on

775-520: The invasion, she cleared mines off Dinagat and Hibuson Islands, and in the Dulag - Tacloban approach channel. After sweeping Surigao Strait , she patrolled and served as smokescreen ship in Leyte Gulf until 23 October, when the destroyer joined the transport screen and steamed in convoy for Manus, arriving on 29 October. After repairs and training at Manus, Long departed 23 December to sweep for

806-615: The landings at Lingayen Gulf, Luzon; her group was attacked 2 January 1945 in the Mindanao Sea in the first of the frequent air raids with which the Japanese attempted to repel the invasion of Luzon. Long began mine sweeps in Lingayen Gulf 6 January, evading and firing upon Japanese aircraft as she carried out her intricate mission. Shortly after noon, beginning her second run, Long spotted two Mitsubishi A6M Zeros heading for her. Long went to 25 knots and opened fire, but

837-716: The national park including Lucap Bay and its foreshore areas, beginning from Sitio Telbang to the east to Sitio Recudo to the west, were declared as a Tourist Zone and Marine Reserve under the control and administration of the PTA. Subsequently, under the Presidential Proclamation No. 2237 enacted on November 6, 1982, the parcels of land reserve for the Marine Fisheries Multi-Purpose Farm (created under Proclamation No. 1282 of June 21, 1974) were withdrawn and were also placed under

868-621: The next decade, Long cruised primarily in the Pacific off North and Central America for division exercises and screen and plane guard duty. Between 1933 and 1935 she twice entered the rotating Reserve as part of Destroyer Squadron 20. In 1940, she was converted to destroyer minesweeper, and reclassified DMS-12 on 19 November 1940. Long operated along the United States West Coast and in Hawaiian waters with Mine Squadron 2. On 5 December 1941, she departed Pearl Harbor in

899-642: The rest of the war to support the American and Filipino assaults on Manila and the rest of Luzon , and from there to Okinawa . On January 9, 2008, Gov. Amado Espino Jr. and Vice Gov. Marlyn Primicias-Agabas established an annual commemoration to honor the war veterans. The resolution named January 9 as Pangasinan Veterans' Day. On the 63rd anniversary of the Lingayen Gulf landings , President Fidel Ramos (a West Point graduate) appealed to U.S. President George W. Bush on behalf of 24,000 surviving war veterans to pass two legislative bills pending since 1968 in

930-686: The screen for Indianapolis . Following the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor two days later, she returned there 9 December and began antisubmarine patrols. She also escorted ships among the Hawaiian Islands and between March and June 1942, made escort runs to Midway , Palmyra , and Canton . Long left Pearl Harbor 30 June for patrol and escort duty in Alaskan waters. After colliding with Monaghan in heavy fog 27 July, she repaired at San Francisco, California , returning to Kodiak on 27 September for screen and antisubmarine patrols. During

961-413: The seabed of an ancient sea. The lowering of the sea level have exposed them to the surface. The peculiar " mushroom -like" shapes of some of the islands were caused by the eroding action of ocean waves. The national park was created by Presidential Proclamation No. 667, covering an area of 16.76 square kilometres (6.47 sq mi) and signed by President Manuel L. Quezon on January 18, 1940, for

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