91-536: [REDACTED] This article relies largely or entirely on a single source . Relevant discussion may be found on the talk page . Please help improve this article by introducing citations to additional sources . Find sources: "Canal Walk" – news · newspapers · books · scholar · JSTOR ( February 2024 ) Shopping mall in South Africa For
182-526: A prison where people were isolated, banished, and exiled for nearly 400 years. It was also used as a leper colony, a post office, a grazing ground, a mental hospital, and an outpost. The Cape Peninsula is a rocky and mountainous peninsula that juts out into the Atlantic Ocean at the south-western extremity of the continent. At its tip is Cape Point and the Cape of Good Hope . The peninsula forms
273-521: A severe water shortage from 2015 to 2018. According to Oxfam , "in the face of an imminent water shortage, the city of Cape Town in South Africa successfully reduced its water use by more than half in three years, cutting it from 1.2bn litres per day in February 2015 to 516m litres per day in 2018." In 2021 Cape Town also experienced a violent turf war between rival taxi firms which led to
364-623: A few other towns. Industry and commerce is largely in service of the area. After the Cape Peninsula, Helderberg is the next most mountainous part of Greater Cape Town, bordered to the north and east by the highest peaks in the region along the watershed of the Helderberg and Hottentots Holland Mountains, which are part of the Cape Fold Belt with Cape Supergroup strata on a basement of Tygerberg Formation rocks intruded by part of
455-699: A flood of immigration into South Africa. In 1895 the city's first public power station, the Graaff Electric Lighting Works , was opened. Conflicts between the Boer republics in the interior and the British colonial government resulted in the Second Boer War of 1899–1902. Britain's victory in this war led to the formation of a united South Africa. From 1891 to 1901, the city's population more than doubled from 67,000 to 171,000. As
546-539: A major gap at the Fish Hoek–Noordhoek valley. In the south much of the area is a low sandstone plateau with sand dunes. Maximum altitude is 1113 m on Table Mountain. The Cape Flats (Afrikaans: Kaapse Vlakte) is a flat, low-lying, sandy area, area to the east the Cape Peninsula, and west of the Helderberg much of which was wetland and dunes within recent history. To the north are the Tygerberg Hills and
637-448: A number of satellite towns, suburbs and rural areas such as Atlantis , Bellville , Blouberg , Brackenfell , Durbanville , Goodwood , Gordon's Bay , Hout Bay , Khayelitsha , Kraaifontein , Kuilsrivier , Macassar , Melkbosstrand , Milnerton , Muizenberg , Noordhoek , Parow , Philadelphia , Simon's Town , Somerset West , and Strand among others. The Cape Peninsula is 52 km (30 mi) long from Mouille Point in
728-486: Is a shopping centre located in Cape Town , South Africa . It is the largest shopping centre in the city. Built in what the developers call "Cape Venetian architecture", the shopping centre hosts over 400 stores, 7,000 parking bays, numerous restaurants, a Nu Metro cinema complex with 12 screens plus a game arcade . Gallery [ edit ] [REDACTED] Atrium-like glass ceilings provide natural light to
819-777: Is a historic lock and dam structure on south side of the James River near Gilmore Mills, Botetourt County, Virginia. There is a restored lock in the village of Big Island off the James River where it is crossed by the Blue Ridge Parkway. A visitor center is located in Amherst County just north of the bridge crossing the river. The canal lock is in Big Island on the Bedford County side of the James and
910-852: Is accessed by a path and a walkway underneath the bridge. Much of the former James River and Kanawha Turnpike portage route through West Virginia is today the Midland Trail , a National Scenic Byway . Stock from the canal worth $ 20,000 was given to Liberty Hall Academy in Virginia's Shenandoah Valley by George Washington as an endowment. That gift prompted the renaming of the Academy to Washington College, which became today's Washington and Lee University in Lexington, Virginia . [REDACTED] Media related to James River and Kanawha Canal at Wikimedia Commons Cape Town Cape Town
1001-543: Is different from Wikidata Use dmy dates from September 2022 Use South African English from September 2022 All Misplaced Pages articles written in South African English Infobox mapframe without OSM relation ID on Wikidata Pages using gadget WikiMiniAtlas Pages using the Kartographer extension James River and Kanawha Canal The James River and Kanawha Canal
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#17327733835701092-719: Is the legislative capital of South Africa . It is the country's oldest city and the seat of the Parliament of South Africa . It is the country's second-largest city, after Johannesburg , and the largest in the Western Cape . The city is part of the City of Cape Town metropolitan municipality . The city is known for its harbour , its natural setting in the Cape Floristic Region , and for landmarks such as Table Mountain and Cape Point . In 2014, Cape Town
1183-532: Is the valley of the Steenbras River, in which the Steenbras Dam was built as a water supply for Cape Town. The dam has been supplemented by several other dams around the western Cape, some of them considerably larger. This is almost entirely a conservation area, of high biodiversity. Bellville , Brackenfell , Durbanville , Kraaifontein , Goodwood and Parow are a few of the towns that make up
1274-691: Is working on plans to return the Pump House to some form of public use by restoring its old dance floor (the original upper level was built for public events) and opening the oldest section for tours. The park is popular with fisherman and dog lovers, and is near the Ship Yard . The western entrance of the Richmond portion of the Canal lies near the village of Sabot in Goochland County while
1365-508: The American Civil War funds for resuming construction were unavailable from either the war-torn Commonwealth or private sources and the project did poorly against railroad competition, finally succumbing to damage done by massive flooding in 1877. In the end its right-of-way was bought and the canal was largely dismantled by the new Richmond and Alleghany Railroad , which laid tracks on the former towpath. The R&A became part of
1456-541: The Anglo-Dutch Treaty of 1814 . The city became the capital of the newly formed Cape Colony , whose territory expanded very substantially through the 1800s, partially as a result of numerous wars with the amaXhosa on the colony's eastern frontier. In 1833 slavery was abolished in the colony freeing over 5500 slaves in the city, almost a third of the city's population at the time. The Convict Crisis of 1849, marked by substantial civil upheaval, bolstered
1547-766: The Battle of Salt River , the Portuguese admiral Francisco de Almeida and sixty-four of his men were killed and his party was defeated by the "Goringhaiqua" in Dutch approximate spelling) using cattle that were specially trained to respond to whistles and shouts. The Gorinaiqua were one of the Khoikhoi clans who inhabited the area. In the late 16th century French, Danish, Dutch and English, but mainly Portuguese, ships regularly continued to stop over in Table Bay en route to
1638-718: The Cape Supergroup , of which parts of the Graafwater and Peninsula Formations remain, were uplifted between 280 and 21S million years ago, and were largely eroded away during the Mesozoic. The region was geologically stable during the Tertiary, which has led to slow denudation of the durable sandstones. Erosion rate and drainage has been influenced by fault lines and fractures, leaving remnant steep-sided massifs like Table Mountain surrounded by flatter slopes of deposits of
1729-591: The Chesapeake and Ohio Railway in the 1890s, which developed much of the former canal route into an important line for West Virginia bituminous coal headed eastbound for the Peninsula Extension to reach the Hampton Roads coal piers at Newport News for worldwide export aboard large colliers . The James River and Kanawha Canal was a project first proposed by George Washington when he
1820-704: The Far East . Jan van Riebeeck 's arrival on 6 April 1652 established the VOC Cape Colony , the first permanent European settlement in South Africa. Cape Town outgrew its original purpose as the first European outpost at the Castle of Good Hope , becoming the economic and cultural hub of the Cape Colony . Until the Witwatersrand Gold Rush and the development of Johannesburg, Cape Town was
1911-500: The Fort de Goede Hoop (later replaced by the Castle of Good Hope ). The settlement grew slowly during this period, as it was hard to find adequate labour. This labour shortage prompted the local authorities to import enslaved people from Indonesia and Madagascar . Many of these people are ancestors of modern-day Cape Coloured and Cape Malay communities. Under Van Riebeeck and his successors, as VOC commanders and later governors at
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#17327733835702002-850: The James River and Petersburg on the Appomattox River . It was known by then that the Ohio River flowed into the Mississippi River , which flowed into the Gulf of Mexico . It was also known that the Allegheny Mountains formed the Eastern Continental Divide , and that there was apparently no inland waterway to sail between the two large watersheds. By 1772, Washington had identified
2093-549: The National Register of Historic Places in 1971. The historic district included one contributing building , nine contributing sites , and 21 contributing structures . Today boat rides are featured along a Canal Walk which extends for 1.25 miles (2 km) parallel to both the old Haxall Canal and James River and Kanawha canal. Several historical exhibits about the canals and the City of Richmond are dispersed along
2184-590: The Northern Suburbs of Cape Town. In current popular culture these areas are often referred to as being beyond the " boerewors curtain," a play on the term " iron curtain ." UNESCO declared Robben Island in the Western Cape a World Heritage Site in 1999. Robben Island is located in Table Bay, some 6 km (3.7 mi) west of Bloubergstrand, a coastal suburb north of Cape Town, and stands some 30m above sea level. Robben Island has been used as
2275-612: The Southern Suburbs , close to the mountains, rainfall is significantly higher and averages closer to 1,000 mm (39.4 in). Summer, which lasts from December to March, is warm and dry with an average maximum of 26 °C (79 °F) and minimum of 16 °C (61 °F). The region can get uncomfortably hot when the Berg Wind , meaning "mountain wind", blows from the Karoo interior. Spring and summer generally feature
2366-635: The Table Mountain group sandstones that were deposited on the eroded surface of the granite and Malmesbury series basement about 450 million years ago. The sand, silt and mud deposits were lithified by pressure and then folded during the Cape Orogeny to form the Cape Fold Belt , which extends in an arc along the western and southern coasts. The present landscape is due to prolonged erosion having carved out deep valleys, removing parts of
2457-579: The 19th century came to an end, the economic and political dominance of Cape Town in the Southern Africa region during the 19th century started to give way to the dominance of Johannesburg and Pretoria in the 20th century. In 1910, Britain established the Union of South Africa , which unified the Cape Colony with the two defeated Boer Republics and the British colony of Natal . Cape Town became
2548-498: The Atlantic Ocean with significant precipitation and strong north-westerly winds. Winter months in the city average a maximum of 18 °C (64 °F) and minimum of 8.5 °C (47 °F). Winters are snow and frost free, except on Table Mountain and on other mountain peaks, where light accumulation of snow and frost can sometimes occur. Total annual rainfall in the city averages 515 mm (20.3 in) although in
2639-895: The Bay Events and festivals Cape Town Book Fair Cape Town International Jazz Festival Kaapse Klopse Museums and art galleries Air Force Museum Bertram House Chavonnes Battery Cape Town Science Centre District Six Museum Gallery Mau Mau Groote Schuur Heart of Cape Town Museum Hout Bay Museum Holocaust Centre Koopmans-de Wet House Maximum Security Prison, Robben Island Medical Museum Mostert's Mill Simon's Town Museum Naval Museum South African Sendinggestig Museum Waterworks Museum Zeitz Museum of Contemporary Art Africa Iziko Museums Bertram House Bo-Kaap Museum Groot Constantia Koopmans-de Wet House Maritime Centre Michaelis Collection at
2730-755: The Book Coornhoop Disa Park Egyptian Building Genadendal Residence Hawthorndon House Houses of Parliament Huguenot Memorial Building Leeuwenhof Mandela Rhodes Building Metlife Centre Mutual Building Naspers Centre Portside Tower Rhodes Memorial Royal Observatory Triangle House Media Newspapers Cape Times The Cape Messenger Radio and television Bush Radio CapeTalk Cape Town TV Fine Music Radio Good Hope FM Kfm 94.5 UCT Radio Voice of
2821-1151: The Canal Walk in Richmond, Virginia, see James River and Kanawha Canal . For the Canal Walk in Indianapolis, see Indiana Central Canal . Canal Walk [REDACTED] [REDACTED] General information Location Century Boulevard , Century City, Cape Town , South Africa Address Canal Walk, Century Blvd, Century City, Cape Town, 7441 Coordinates 33°53′41″S 18°30′38″E / 33.8946°S 18.5105°E / -33.8946; 18.5105 Construction started 2000 ; 24 years ago ( 2000 ) Opening 26 October 2000 ; 24 years ago ( 2000-10-26 ) Owner Hyprop Investment Limited (80%) Ellerine Bros (Pty) Ltd (20%) Technical details Floor count 2 Floor area 141,000 m (1,520,000 sq ft) Other information Number of stores 400+ Parking 8000 (4500 undercover) Website Canal Walk Shopping Centre Canal Walk
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2912-4001: The Cape Economy Entrepreneurship and innovation Silicon Cape Initiative Companies based in Cape Town Naspers Travelstart MWEB Sanlam Woolworths Holdings Limited Of historical interest: Garlicks Hotels and resorts Belmond Mount Nelson Hotel Protea Hotels by Marriott Shopping areas, malls and markets Canal Walk Cavendish Square Golden Acre Greenmarket Square N1 City Tygerberg Mall Somerset Mall Victoria & Alfred Waterfront Exhibition centres Cape Town International Convention Centre Good Hope Centre Restaurants and cafés Café Caprice Perseverance Tavern Tourism Beaches of Cape Town Cape of Good Hope Table Mountain Aerial Cableway Groot Constantia Mariner's Wharf Nature reserves in Cape Town Ratanga Junction Two Oceans Aquarium Victoria & Alfred Waterfront World of Birds Wildlife Sanctuary and Monkey Park Transport Air transport Airports in Cape Town Air Force Base Ysterplaat Cape Town International Airport Cape Winelands Airfield Wingfield Aerodrome Maritime transport Port of Cape Town Safmarine Road transport Buses in Cape Town Golden Arrow Bus Services MyCiTi MyCiTi bus stations Roads in Cape Town Trolleybuses in Cape Town Rail transport Blue Train Commuter rail lines Metrorail Western Cape Cape Flats Line Central Line Northern Line Southern Line Railway stations Bellville Cape Town Claremont Crawford Mowbray Mutual Newlands Observatory Pinelands Retreat Rondebosch Rosebank Salt River Simon's Town Steenberg Woodstock Trams in Cape Town Sports Soccer Cape Town Spurs F.C. Cape Town City F.C. Rugby Western Province Ikey Tigers Cricket Cape Cobras Other Cape Town Tigers (basketball) Sports events 2010 FIFA World Cup Cape Town Cycle Tour Cape Town Open Cape Town Ladies Open Cape Town Marathon South Africa Sevens Two Oceans Marathon Sports venues Athlone Stadium Bellville Stadium Bellville Velodrome Cape Town Stadium Erica Park Good Hope Centre Green Point Stadium Hartleyvale Stadium Killarney Motor Racing Complex Milnerton Racecourse Newlands Cricket Ground Newlands Stadium NNK Rugby Stadium Parow Park Philippi Stadium Royal Cape Golf Club University of
3003-630: The Cape was considered a " Coloured labour preference area", to the exclusion of " Bantus ", i.e. Black Africans. The implementation of this policy was widely opposed by trade unions, civil society and opposition parties. It is notable that this policy was not advocated for by any Coloured political group, and its implementation was a unilateral decision by the apartheid government. During the student-led Soweto Uprising of June 1976, school students from Langa , Gugulethu and Nyanga in Cape Town reacted to
3094-471: The Cape, a wide range of agricultural plants were introduced to the Cape. Some of these, including grapes, cereals, ground nuts, potatoes, apples and citrus, had a large and lasting influence on the societies and economies of the region. With the Dutch Republic being transformed into Revolutionary France 's vassal Batavian Republic , Great Britain moved to take control of Dutch colonies, including
3185-822: The High Court of South Africa Municipal Police Pollsmoor Prison History Invasion of the Cape Colony Battle of Blaauwberg Anglo-Dutch Treaty of 1814 Noon Gun Convict crisis Timeline of Cape Town Fortifications Amsterdam Battery Castle of Good Hope Chavonnes Battery Fort de Goede Hoop Redoubt Duijnhoop Monuments and memorials Artillery Memorial, Cape Town Japanese Lantern Monument Rhodes Memorial The Cenotaph Treaty Tree Van Riebeeck's Hedge Lists of heritage sites Near Cape Town Bo-Kaap CBD and
3276-605: The Indies. They traded tobacco, copper, and iron with the Khoikhoi clans of the region in exchange for fresh meat and other essential travelling provisions. In 1652, Jan van Riebeeck and other employees of the United East India Company ( Dutch : Verenigde Oost-indische Compagnie , VOC) were sent to the Cape Colony to establish a way-station for ships travelling to the Dutch East Indies , and
3367-413: The James River Company was formed, with former Revolutionary War Commander in Chief George Washington as honorary president, to build locks around the falls at Richmond. By then, Washington was quite busy with the affairs of the new nation, in 1789 being elected its first president. Promoted by such men as George Washington, Edmund Randolph , and John Marshall , the James River Company opened in 1790 as
3458-430: The James River and Kanawha Company the right to contract with the Buchanan and Clifton Forge Railroad for Convict Labor . However both the canal and the Buchanan and Clifton Forge Railway were sold to the Richmond and Allegheny Railroad company, which built tracks along the towpaths. That railroad was sold to the C&O, establishing Clifton Forge as the division point of the large east-to-west system that resulted when
3549-410: The Mountain Subdivision. In the second half of the 20th century, portions of the old canal, locks and turning basins became the source of renewed interest in Richmond, Lynchburg and at other points along the line. As part of Richmond's revival and redevelopment of its waterfront, a portion of the canal was restored. The 138-acre (56 ha) James River and Kanawha Canal Historic District was listed on
3640-587: The North Savannah Mall Limpopo Mall Masingita Mall Elsewhere River Square , Vereeniging Vaal Mall , Vanderbijlpaal Mpumalanga , Riverside Mall Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Canal_Walk&oldid=1244332282 " Categories : Shopping malls established in 2000 Shopping centres in Cape Town Hidden categories: Articles needing additional references from February 2024 All articles needing additional references Articles with short description Short description
3731-1105: The Old Town House Rust en Vreugd Slave Lodge Social History Centre SAS Somerset South African Museum National Gallery William Fehr Collection at the Castle of Good Hope Public art Statues Nelson Mandela Cecil Rhodes Nobel Square George Grey Jan Hendrik Hofmeyer Jan van Riebeeck Maria van Riebeeck Bartolomeu Dias Religion Anglican Diocese of Cape Town Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Cape Town Religious buildings Auwal Mosque Gardens Shul Greek Orthodox Cathedral of St George Groote Kerk Lutheran Church in Strand Street Nurul Islam Mosque Palm Tree Mosque Queen Victoria Mosque St. George's Cathedral St. James Church St. Mary's Cathedral Secular architecture Cape Dutch architecture Tallest buildings in Cape Town Athlone Power Station Atterbury House Bertram House Boshofpoort Cape Town City Hall Cape Town Civic Centre Castle of Good Hope Centre for
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3822-412: The Potomac and James rivers as the most promising locations for canals to be built to join with the western rivers. His preference was the James, as the Potomac led to rivers in land disputed with Pennsylvania and would be equally helpful to Maryland . The James could be aligned with the Kanawha River (in what is now West Virginia ), and would best serve only Virginia, which was his priority. In 1785,
3913-419: The Stellenbosch district. The Helderberg area of Greater Cape Town, previously known as the "Hottentots-Holland" area, is mostly residential, but also a wine-producing area east of the Cape Flats, west of the Hottentots Holland mountain range and south of the Helderberg mountain, from which it gets its current name. The Helderberg consists of the previous municipalities of Somerset West, Strand, Gordons Bay and
4004-407: The Stellenbosch granite pluton. The region includes the entire catchment of the Lourens and Sir Lowry's rivers, separated by the Schapenberg hill, and a small part of the catchment of the Eerste River to the west. The Helderberg is ecologically highly diverse, rivaling the Cape Peninsula, and has its own endemic ecoregions and several conservation areas. To the east of the Hottentots Holland mountains
4095-910: The Waterfront Simon's Town Helderberg Bellville Table Mountain Wynberg district Historical buildings African Theatre Alhambra Theatre Breakwater Lodge Church Square Coornhoop Graaff Electric Lighting Works Culture Demographics Languages Afrikaans South African English Xhosa Cuisine Cape Town wine Constantia (wine) Gatsby (sandwich) Performance art Cape Town City Ballet Musical ensembles Cape Town Opera Cape Town Philharmonia Choir Cape Town Philharmonic Orchestra Theatres Artscape Theatre Centre Baxter Theatre Centre Labia Theatre Little Theatre Magnet Theatre Maynardville Open-Air Theatre Space Theatre The Independent Armchair Theatre Theatre on
4186-4912: The Western Cape Colleges Qualitas Career Academy South African College Yeshiva of Cape Town Private schools American International School of Cape Town Cannons Creek Independent School Cape Town French School Christel House South Africa Darul Islam Islamic High School Diocesan College German International School Cape Town Herschel Girls' School Herzlia Schools Mountain View Academy Parklands College St. Cyprian's School St. George's Grammar School Michael Oak Waldorf School Oakhurst Primary School Public schools Alexander Sinton Secondary School Belgravia High School Belhar Secondary School Bellville High School Bergvliet Primary School Bergvliet High School Bosmansdam High School Brackenfell High School Cape Academy of Mathematics, Science and Technology Cape Town High School Chris Hani Secondary School Claremont High School COSAT D.F. Malan High School Durbanville High School Eben Dönges High School Eersterivier Secondary School Fairbairn College Fairmont High School Gardens Commercial High School Grove Primary School Harold Cressy High School Hottentots Holland High School Jan van Riebeeck High School Lavender Hill High School Livingstone High School Masiphumelele High School Milnerton High School Mondale High School Parel Vallei High School Pinelands High School Range High School Rondebosch Boys' High School Rondebosch Boys' Preparatory School Rustenburg School for Girls Sea Point High School Sinenjongo High School Spine Road High School South African College Schools Stellenberg High School Strand High School Table View High School The Settlers High School Trafalgar High School Tygerberg High School Westerford High School Windsor High School Wynberg Boys' High School Wynberg Girls' High School Alternative schools GlenBridge Special School Tafelberg School Former schools Ellerslie Girls' High School Tot Nut van het Algemeen Art & music schools Hugo Lambrechts Music Centre South African College of Music Peter Clarke Art Centre Not yet allocated College of Magic Montebello Design Centre Services Hospitals Alexandra Hospital Groote Schuur Hospital Karl Bremer Hospital Red Cross War Memorial Children's Hospital Somerset Hospital Tygerberg Hospital Valkenberg Hospital Lighthouses Cape Point Lighthouse Green Point Lighthouse Milnerton Lighthouse Roman Rock Lighthouse Slangkop Lighthouse Western Cape Water Supply System Dams and resrvoirs Alexandra Dam Berg River Dam De Villiers Dam Hely-Hutchinson Dam Kleinplaats Dam Land-en-Zeezicht Reservoir Lewis Gay Dam Molteno Dam Silvermine Dam Steenbras Dam Theewaterskloof Dam Victoria Dam Voëlvlei Dam Wemmershoek Dam Woodhead Dam Electrical power generation Athlone Power Station Graaff Electric Lighting Works Koeberg Nuclear Power Station Palmiet Pumped Storage Scheme Emergency services Cape Town Fire Department Metro Emergency Medical Services Mountain Club of South Africa National Sea Rescue Institute [REDACTED] Cape Town • [REDACTED] Outline v t e [REDACTED] Shopping centres in South Africa Johannesburg Carlton Centre Cresta Shopping Centre Dobsonville Shopping Centre Fourways Mall Hyde Park Corner Mall of Africa Nelson Mandela Square Northgate Shopping Centre Oriental Plaza Rivonia Square Sandton City Southgate Shopping Centre Ekurhuleni East Rand Mall Eastgate Shopping Centre Northmead Square Pretoria Brooklyn Mall Menlyn Park Woodlands Boulevard Soweto Maponya Mall Protea Glen Mall KwaZulu-Natal Galleria Shopping Mall Gateway Theatre of Shopping The Pavilion Westwood Mall Cape Town Canal Walk Cape Gate Cavendish Square Golden Acre Somerset Mall Tyger Valley Victoria & Alfred Waterfront Eastern Cape Baywest Mall Free State Goldfields Mall Loch Logan Waterfront Mimosa Mall Nothridge Mall Limpopo Mall of
4277-541: The Western Cape Stadium Wynberg Military Base Stadium Education Libraries Biblionef Central Library Cape Town Centre for the Book Fish Hoek Library Jacob Gitlin Library Meadowridge Library National Library of South Africa Rondebosch Library SAAO Library Strandfontein Library University of Cape Town Libraries Universities Cape Peninsula University of Technology University of Cape Town University of
4368-402: The Western Cape province. The official boundaries of the city proper extend between the City Bowl and the Atlantic Seaboard to the east and the Southern Suburbs to the south. The City of Cape Town , the metropolitan municipality that takes its name from the city covers the Greater Cape Town metropolitan area , known as the Cape Metropole, extending beyond the city proper itself to include
4459-408: The area, arrived in 1488 and named it "Cape of Storms" ( Cabo das Tormentas ). It was later renamed by John II of Portugal as " Cape of Good Hope " ( Cabo da Boa Esperança ) because of the great optimism engendered by the opening of a sea route to the Indian subcontinent and East Indies . In 1497, Portuguese explorer Vasco da Gama recorded a sighting of the Cape of Good Hope. In 1510, at
4550-481: The balcony of Cape Town City Hall , hours after being released on 11 February 1990. His speech heralded the beginning of a new era for the country. The first democratic election , was held four years later, on 27 April 1994. Nobel Square in the Victoria & Alfred Waterfront features statues of South Africa's four Nobel Peace Prize winners: Albert Luthuli , Desmond Tutu , F. W. de Klerk and Nelson Mandela . Cape Town has undergone significant changes in
4641-424: The best governed province and city in the country. Of South Africa's 257 municipalities, only 38 received a clean financial audit in 2022 from the Auditor-General . Of those, 21 were in the Western Cape. The city's economy has diversified, with growth in sectors such as finance, real estate, and tourism. The establishment of the City Centre Improvement District (CCID) has been particularly successful in revitalizing
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#17327733835704732-416: The canal incurred during the conflict was never completely repaired. By the time the Chesapeake and Ohio Railway was built through to the Ohio River in 1873, the canal's fate was clear. The James River and Kanawha Canal Company was authorized in 1876 to build the Buchanan and Clifton Forge Railway to connect the westernmost point of the canal with the C&O. The Virginia General Assembly, in 1878, gave
4823-487: The canal. After many of the original Irish laborers died of hypothermia, they were replaced by enslaved Africans hired from plantation owners who lived near the route of the canal. After work stalled for a number of years the canal company went broke and gave up. In 1820, the Commonwealth of Virginia took control of the project and with state funds provided through the Virginia Board of Public Works resumed construction. Work stalled yet again, then resumed in 1835 under
4914-413: The city center, bringing businesses and people back into the area. This initiative has transformed public spaces such as Greenmarket Square , Company's Garden , and St George's Mall, attracting both locals and tourists. In 2014, Cape Town was named World Design Capital of the Year. Cape Town was voted the best tourist destination in Africa at the 2023 World Travel Awards in Dubai and continues to be
5005-509: The city centre. The legacy of Apartheid means Cape Town remains one of the most racially segregated cities in South Africa. Many Black South Africans continue to live in informal settlements with limited access to basic services such as healthcare, education, and sanitation. The unemployment rate remains high at 23% (though nearly 10 points lower than the nationwide average), particularly among historically disadvantaged groups, and economic opportunities are unevenly distributed. Cape Town faced
5096-399: The colonial possessions of the VOC. Britain captured Cape Town in 1795 , but it was returned to the Dutch by treaty in 1803. British forces occupied the Cape again in 1806 following the Battle of Blaauwberg when the Batavian Republic allied with Britain's rival, France, during the Napoleonic Wars . Following the conclusion of the war Cape Town was permanently ceded to the United Kingdom in
5187-414: The deaths of 83 people. Since the 2010s, Cape Town and the wider Western Cape province have seen the rise of a small secessionist movement . Support for parties "which have formally adopted Cape independence" was around 5% in the 2021 municipal elections . Cape Town is located at latitude 33.55° S (approximately the same as Sydney and Buenos Aires and equivalent to Casablanca and Los Angeles in
5278-9432: The double-story mall. [REDACTED] A massive food court with multi-media entertainment External links [ edit ] Canal Walk website Century City website References [ edit ] ^ "Stores - Canal Walk" . Canal Walk . Retrieved 25 February 2014 . v t e Cape Town City of Cape Town Natural environment Cape Flats Cape Peninsula Geology Helderberg Bays Bantry Bay Camps Bay False Bay Gordon's Bay Granger Bay Hout Bay Simon's Bay Smitswinkel Bay Table Bay Beaches Bloubergstrand Boulders Beach Camps Bay Clifton Glen Beach Melkbosstrand Muizenberg Sandy Bay Strand Hills Blaauwberg Skapenberg Signal Hill Tygerberg Mountains Chapman's Peak Constantiaberg Devil's Peak Helderberg Hottentots Holland Mountains Lion's Head Table Mountain Twelve Apostles Islands Duiker Island Robben Island Seal Island Headlands Cape of Good Hope Cape Point Miller's Point Rivers and wetlands Bokramspruit Buffels River Eerste River Kuils River Diep River Else River Hout Bay River Krom River Lourens River Modder River Salt River Black River Elsieskraal River Liesbeek River Sand River Schusters River Silvermine River Sir Lowry’s Pass River Sout River Steenbras River Zandvlei Zeekoevlei Climate and weather Cape Town water crisis Cape Doctor Berg wind World heritage sites Cape Floristic Region Table Mountain National Park Robben Island Biodiversity of Cape Town Nature reserves in Cape Town Helderberg Marine Protected Area Robben Island Marine Protected Area Table Mountain National Park Table Mountain National Park Marine Protected Area Vegetation types Atlantis Sand Fynbos Boland Granite Fynbos Cape Flats Dune Strandveld Cape Flats Sand Fynbos Cape Lowland Freshwater Wetland Cape Winelands Shale Fynbos Hangklip Sand Fynbos Kogelberg Sandstone Fynbos Lourensford Alluvium Fynbos Peninsula Granite Fynbos Peninsula Sandstone Fynbos Southern Afrotemperate Forest Peninsula Shale Renosterveld Swartland Alluvium Fynbos Swartland Shale Renosterveld Parks and gardens Arderne Gardens Company's Garden Choo choo park De Waal Park Green Point Common Helderberg Nature Reserve Keurboom Park Kirstenbosch National Botanical Garden Rondebosch Common Rondebosch Park Tokai Arboretum Tokai Park Wynberg Park Nature reserves Blaauwberg Conservation Area Bracken Nature Reserve Cecilia De Hel Nature Area Dick Dent Bird Sanctuary Die Oog Conservation Area Diep River Fynbos Corridor Durbanville Nature Reserve Edith Stephens Wetland Park Glencairn Wetland Harmony Flats Nature Reserve Helderberg Nature Reserve Kenilworth Racecourse Conservation Area Koeberg Nature Reserve Kogelberg Nature Reserve Lourens River Protected Natural Environment Lower Silvermine River Wetlands Macassar Dunes Conservation Area Mamre Nature Garden Meadowridge Common Milnerton Racecourse Nature Reserve Raapenberg Bird Sanctuary Rietvlei Wetland Reserve Rondebosch Common Rondevlei Nature Reserve Silwerboomkloof Natural Heritage Site Tygerberg Nature Reserve Uitkamp Wetlands Witzands Aquifer Conservation Area Wolfgat Nature Reserve Zoarvlei Wetlands Zandvlei Estuary Nature Reserve Zeekoevlei Nature Reserve Communities Atlantic Seaboard Bakoven Bantry Bay Camps Bay Clifton Fresnaye Green Point Llandudno Mouille Point Sea Point Three Anchor Bay Blaauwberg Atlantis Bloubergstrand Brooklyn Century City Dunoon Duynefontein Joe Slovo Park Killarney Gardens Mamre Melkbosstrand Milnerton Montague Gardens Paarden Eiland Parklands Rugby Table View West Beach Ysterplaat Cape Flats (Klipfontein district) Athlone Belgravia Bishop Lavis Crawford Crossroads Gugulethu Hanover Park Heideveld Kalksteenfontein Kenwyn Lansdowne Lavender Hill Manenberg Nyanga Ottery Philippi Browns Farm Philippi Horticultural Philippi East Samora Machel Rondebosch East Rylands Strandfontein Valhalla Park Khayelitsha Bongweni Harare/Holimisa Ikwezi Park Mandela Park Griffiths Mxenge QQ Section Silver Town Victoria Merge Mitchells Plain Rocklands Westridge Portlands Tafelsig Eastridge Beacon Valley Lentegeur Woodlands Weltevreden Valley Colorado Mandalay Montclair Watergate Developments Heinz Park Morgans Village Rondevlei Westgate Montrose Park Lost City City Bowl Bo-Kaap De Waterkant Devil's Peak Estate District Six Foreshore Gardens Higgovale Lower Vrede Oranjezicht Robben Island Schotsche Kloof Tamboerskloof University Estate Vredehoek Walmer Estate Woodstock Zonnebloem Helderberg Eerste River Faure Firgrove Gordon's Bay Macassar Sir Lowry's Pass Village Somerset West Parel Vallei Strand Lwandle Nomzamo Northern Suburbs Acacia Park Belhar Bellville Boston Eversdal Kenridge Stellenberg Blue Downs Bonteheuwel Bothasig Brackenfell Canal Walk Delft Blikkiesdorp Durbanville Edgemead Elsie's River Epping Fisantekraal Goodwood Joostenbergvlakte Kensington Kraaifontein Kuils River Langa Joe Slovo Loevenstein Maitland Mfuleni Monte Vista Ndabeni Norwood Panorama Parow Philadelphia Plattekloof Pinelands Ravensmead Richwood Scottsdene Sonnestraal Thornton Tygerberg Tyger Valley Wallacedene Southern Suburbs Bergvliet Kreupelbosch Bishopscourt Claremont Harfield Village Constantia Diep River Grassy Park Pelican Park Heathfield Kenilworth Kirstenhof Lakeside Lotus River Marina da Gama Meadowridge Mowbray Muizenberg Newlands Observatory Plumstead Retreat Rondebosch Rosebank Salt River Southfield Steenberg Tokai Wetton Wynberg South Peninsula Capri Village Clovelly Da Gama Park Fish Hoek Glencairn Hangberg Hout Bay Imizamo Yethu Kalk Bay Kommetjie Masiphumelele Noordhoek Ocean View Scarborough Simon's Town St James Sunnydale Sun Valley Vrygrond Neighbourhoods Victoria & Alfred Waterfront Built environment Maclear's Beacon Foreshore Freeway Bridge Grand Parade Greenmarket Square Adderley Street Long Street Strand Street Chapman's Peak Drive Hospital Bend Kloof Nek Road Metropolitan Routes in Cape Town M3 M4 M5 M6 M7 M8 M9 M10 M11 M12 National roads N1 N2 N7 Regional roads R27 R44 R101 R102 R300 R302 R310 Sir Lowry's Pass Ou Kaapse Weg Peninsula Expressway (Cape Town) Skyscrapers List of tallest buildings in Cape Town 1 Thibault Square Atterbury House Cape Town Civic Centre Metlife Centre Mutual Building Naspers Centre Portside Tower Triangle House Government National government Parliament of South Africa Houses of Parliament Genadendal Residence Highstead Tuynhuys Defence Air Force Base Ysterplaat Naval Base Simon's Town SAS Wingfield South African Naval College Provincial government Leeuwenhof City of Cape Town Government of Cape Town Mayor Deputy Mayor Cape Town City Hall Cape Town Civic Centre Cape Town Partnership Coat of arms of Cape Town Flag of Cape Town Elections 2018 Cape Town mayoral election Erasmus Commission Wards Law and enforcement Western Cape Division of
5369-406: The east and joins the peninsula to the mainland. The Cape Town region is characterised by an extensive coastline, rugged mountain ranges, coastal plains and inland valleys. The extent of Cape Town has varied considerably over time. It originated as a small settlement at the foot of Table Mountain and has grown beyond its city limits as a metropolitan area to encompass the entire Cape Peninsula to
5460-449: The eastern lies in the city near the Richmond Deepwater Terminal . Sufficient waterflow appears to be provided by Bosher Dam , an 1835 structure located on the western side of the city. The Lock-Keeper's House is a historic home located near Cedar Point, Goochland County, Virginia. It was built about 1836 to serve Lock Number 7 and is the last remaining lock-keeper's house of the James River and Kanawha Canal system. Varney's Falls Dam
5551-607: The entire bottom of False Bay exposed. During this period an extensive system of dunes was formed on the sandy floor of False Bay. At this time the drainage outlets lay between Rocky Bank Cape Point to the west, and between Rocky Bank and Hangklip Ridge to the east, with the watershed roughly along the line of the contact zone east of Seal Island and Whittle Rock. Cape Town has a warm summer Mediterranean climate ( Köppen : Csb ), with mild, moderately wet winters and dry, warm summers. Winter, which lasts from June to September, may see large cold fronts entering for limited periods from
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#17327733835705642-428: The eroded material overlaying the older rocks, There are two internationally notable landmarks, Table Mountain and Cape Point , at opposite ends of the Peninsula Mountain Chain, with the Cape Flats and False Bay to the east and the Atlantic Ocean to the west. The landscape is dominated by sandstone plateaux and ridges, which generally drop steeply at their margins to the surrounding debris slopes, interrupted by
5733-488: The first commercial canal in the United States. Stretching from Richmond, Virginia to Westham, Virginia and paralleling the James for 7 miles (11 km), it supplemented existing bateaux transportation on the James River. These flat-bottomed boats floated down the James to Richmond laden with tobacco hogsheads and returned with French and English imports, furniture, dishes, and clothing. In addition to bateaux, many canal boats were packets , which drew more water than
5824-486: The largest city in southern Africa. The metropolitan area has a long coastline on the Atlantic Ocean , which includes False Bay, and extends to the Hottentots Holland mountains to the east. The Table Mountain National Park is within the city boundaries and there are several other nature reserves and marine-protected areas within, and adjacent to, the city, protecting the diverse terrestrial and marine natural environment. The earliest known remnants of human occupation in
5915-407: The legislative capital of the Union, and later of the Republic of South Africa . By the time of the 1936 census , Johannesburg had overtaken Cape Town as the largest city in the country. In 1945 the expansion of the Cape Town foreshore was completed adding an additional 194 ha (480 acres) to the City Bowl area to the city centre. Prior to the mid-twentieth century, Cape Town was one of
6006-416: The major highways of commerce. Early developments along the east coast of the colonies tended to end at the Fall Line (the head of navigation ) of the rivers that emptied into its great bays (e.g., the Delaware and the Chesapeake ). Such early communities in Virginia included what we now know as Alexandria on the Potomac River , Fredericksburg on the Rappahannock River , Richmond and Lynchburg on
6097-400: The most important tourist destination in the country. Cape Town has been named the best travel city in the world every year since 2013 in the Telegraph Travel Awards. The legacy of apartheid's spatial planning is still evident, with significant disparities between affluent areas and impoverished townships . 60% of the city's population live in townships and informal settlements far from
6188-638: The most racially integrated cities in South Africa. In the 1948 national elections , the National Party won on a platform of apartheid (racial segregation) under the slogan of " swart gevaar " (Afrikaans for "black danger"). This led to the erosion and eventual abolition of the Cape's multiracial franchise . In 1950, the apartheid government first introduced the Group Areas Act , which classified and segregated urban areas according to race. Formerly multi-racial suburbs of Cape Town were either purged of residents deemed unlawful by apartheid legislation, or demolished. The most infamous example of this in Cape Town
6279-430: The mountain. To the immediate south of the city, the Cape Peninsula is a scenic mountainous spine jutting 40 km (25 mi) southward into the Atlantic Ocean and terminating at Cape Point . There are over 70 peaks above 300 m (980 ft) within Cape Town's official metropolitan limits . Many of the city's suburbs lie on the large plain called the Cape Flats , which extends over 50 km (30 mi) to
6370-521: The new James River and Kanawha Company, with Judge Benjamin Wright as Chief Engineer. He was assisted by his son Simon Wright , Charles Ellet Jr. , and Daniel Livermore . By 1840, the canal was completed to Lynchburg . Service was inaugurated by William Henry Harrison who was elected president that same year. In 1847, Walter W. Gwynn was hired as Chief Engineer, with Edward Lorraine as his assistant. The canal eventually extended 196.5 miles (316 km) west of Richmond to Buchanan by 1851. There,
6461-399: The news of the protests against Bantu Education by organising gatherings and marches of their own. A number of school buildings were burnt down and the protest action was met with forceful resistance from the police. Cape Town has been home to many leaders of the anti-apartheid movement . In Table Bay , 10 km (6 mi) from the city is Robben Island . This penitentiary island was
6552-432: The north to Cape Point in the south, with an area of about 470 km (180 sq mi), and it displays more topographical variety than other similar sized areas in southern Africa, and consequently spectacular scenery. There are diverse low-nutrient soils, large rocky outcrops, scree slopes, a mainly rocky coastline with embayed beaches, and considerable local variation in climatic conditions. The sedimentary rocks of
6643-503: The northern hemisphere) and longitude 18.25° E. Table Mountain , with its near vertical cliffs and flat-topped summit over 1,000 m (3,300 ft) high, and with Devil's Peak and Lion's Head on either side, together form a dramatic mountainous backdrop enclosing the central area of Cape Town, the so-called City Bowl . A thin strip of cloud, known colloquially as the "tablecloth" ("Karos" in Afrikaans ), sometimes forms on top of
6734-513: The once continuous Table Mountain Group sandstone cover from over the Cape Flats and False Bay, and leaving high residual mountain ridges. At times the sea covered the Cape Flats and Noordhoek valley and the Cape Peninsula was then a group of islands. During glacial periods the sea level dropped to expose the bottom of False Bay to weathering and erosion, with the last major regression leaving
6825-473: The pioneer railroads were combined under the Chesapeake and Ohio. Today, CSX trains loaded with coal from the mountains follow the old canal route, much of it at a gentler "water level" grade, headed to port at Newport News at Hampton Roads. The Buckingham Branch Railroad , a short-line railroad , has a lease to operate the original C&O alignment over the former Virginia Central Railroad , including
6916-469: The plan was to link it to the James River and Kanawha Turnpike to provide passage through the most rugged portions of the mountains. The goal was to reach the Kanawha River at its head of navigation, about 30 miles (50 km) east of today's Charleston, West Virginia . The portage necessary made competition with railroads along the same route a real threat. Construction of a planned railroad there
7007-472: The push for self-governance in the Cape. With expansion came calls for greater independence from the UK, with the Cape attaining its own parliament (1854) and a locally accountable Prime Minister (1872). Suffrage was established according to the non-racial Cape Qualified Franchise . During the 1850s and 1860s, additional plant species were introduced from Australia by the British authorities. Notably rooikrans
7098-589: The region were found at Peers Cave in Fish Hoek and have been dated to between 15,000 and 12,000 years old. Various Khoikhoi groups notably the Gorinaiqua lived on these lands for thousands of years. Khoikhoi communities were some of the wealthiest groups in Africa and their lands and cattles would go on to build colonial Cape Town and the rest of South Africa. Bartolomeu Dias . Dias, the first European to reach
7189-479: The site of a maximum security prison where many famous apartheird-era political prisoners served long prison sentences. Famous prisoners include activist, lawyer and future president Nelson Mandela who served 18 of his 27 years of imprisonment on the island, as well as two other future presidents, Kgalema Motlanthe and Jacob Zuma . In one of the most famous moments marking the end of apartheid, Nelson Mandela made his first public speech since his imprisonment, from
7280-554: The smaller bateaux. Mules and horses pulled the packets along the towpaths. Locks were necessary at points where the river had rapids. The American Revolutionary War and the War of 1812 each slowed construction. Work was slow, expensive, and very labor-intensive through the rocky terrain of Virginia's Piedmont region, a transitional area between the sandy coastal plain and the mountains. The early congregation of St. Peters Church in Richmond consisted mostly of Irish immigrants who worked on
7371-632: The south, the Cape Flats , the Helderberg basin and part of the Steenbras catchment area to the east, and the Tygerberg hills, Blouberg and other areas to the north. Robben Island in Table Bay is also part of Cape Town. It is bounded by the Atlantic Ocean to the west, and False Bay to the south. To the north and east, the extent is demarcated by boundaries of neighbouring municipalities within
7462-682: The way. Visitors can also visit the Three-Mile Locks at Pump House Park, located behind the Carillon in William Byrd Park . This park is located three 3 miles (5 km) upstream from the canal's turning basin. It contains parts of the old 18th century locks, lockkeeper's house, the City's historic 1883 water pumping station originally called the New Pump-House , and its replacement, the 1924 pumping station. The City
7553-539: The west side of False Bay and the Cape Flats. On the east side are the Helderberg and Hottentots Holland mountains. The three main rock formations are the late- Precambrian Malmebury group (sedimentary and metamorphic rock), the Cape Granite suit, comprising the huge Peninsula, Kuilsrivier-Helderberg, and Stellenbosch batholiths, that were intruded into the Malmesbury Group about 630 million years ago, and
7644-479: The years since Apartheid. Cape Town has experienced economic growth and development in the post-apartheid era. The city has become a major economic hub in South Africa, attracting international investment and tourism. The Democratic Alliance (DA), a liberal political party which came to power in Cape Town in 2006, has been credited with improving bureaucratic efficiency, public safety and fostering economic development. Opinion polls show that South Africans see it as
7735-555: Was a partially built canal in Virginia intended to facilitate shipments of passengers and freight by water between the western counties of Virginia and the coast. Ultimately its towpath became the roadbed for a rail line following the same course. Encouraged by George Washington , the canal project was begun in 1785 as the James River Company, and later restarted under the James River and Kanawha Canal Company. It
7826-583: Was a young man surveying the mountains of western Virginia, which at the time consisted of what is today West Virginia , Kentucky , and to the north bank of the Ohio river. He was searching for a way to open a water route to the West. He believed that was the key to helping Virginia become an economic powerhouse in what would emerge as the United States quite a few years later. In those times, waterways were
7917-627: Was an expensive project which failed several times financially and was frequently damaged by floods. Though largely financed by the Commonwealth of Virginia through the Virginia Board of Public Works , it was only half completed by 1851, reaching Buchanan , in Botetourt County . When work to extend it further west stopped permanently, railroads were overtaking the canal as a far more productive mode of transportation. After
8008-490: Was delayed by the American Civil War . However, both war damage and interruption in the flow of commerce along the canal did great harm to it. Railroads began to emerge as a more efficient form of transportation in the 1830s, midway in the canal's construction. In spite of the appointment of former Confederate general Armistead Lindsay Long as Chief Engineer following his service in the Civil War (1861–1865), damage which
8099-622: Was introduced to stabilise the sand of the Cape Flats to allow for a road connecting the peninsula with the rest of the African continent and eucalyptus was used to drain marshes. In 1859 the first railway line was built by the Cape Government Railways and a system of railways rapidly expanded in the 1870s. The discovery of diamonds in Griqualand West in 1867, and the Witwatersrand Gold Rush in 1886, prompted
8190-582: Was named the best place in the world to visit by The New York Times , and was similarly ranked number one by The Daily Telegraph in both 2016 and 2023. Located on the shore of Table Bay , the City Bowl area of Cape Town is the oldest urban area in the Western Cape , with a significant cultural heritage. It was founded by the Dutch East India Company (VOC) as a supply station for Dutch ships sailing to East Africa , India , and
8281-490: Was the suburb of District Six . After it was declared a whites-only area in 1965, all housing there was demolished and over 60,000 residents were forcibly removed. Many of these residents were relocated to the Cape Flats . The earliest of the Cape Flats forced removals saw the expulsion of Black South Africans to the Langa , Cape Town's first and oldest township, in line with the 1923 Native Urban Areas Act . Under apartheid,
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