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133-615: This is a list of camcorders manufactured under the Canon brand . The XF100 and XF105 are tapeless camcorders released in January 2011. The two camcorders are the same, except the XF105 has a Genlock , Timecode, and HD/SD-SDI terminals. The units record to Compact flash cards(2 slots), which can be changed while recording. The XF100 and XF105 feature two XLR inputs and one 3.5 mm stereo mini-jack for recording audio. The video

266-405: A de facto standard for home video production, independent filmmaking and citizen journalism . That year, Ikegami introduced Editcam (the first tapeless video recording system). Camcorders using DVD media were popular at the turn of the 21st century due to the convenience of being able to drop a disc into the family DVD player ; however, DVD capability, due to the limitations of the format,

399-424: A CCD , or a photodiode array which may be an Active Pixel Sensor , converts light into an electrical signal. The camera lens projects an image onto the imager surface, exposing the photosensitive array to light. This light exposure is converted into an electrical charge. At the end of the timed exposure, the imager converts the accumulated charge into a continuous analog voltage at the imager's output terminals. After

532-433: A multimedia computer for non-linear editing of video may have a video capture card to capture analog video or a FireWire connection to capture digital video from a DV camera, with its video editing software. Various editing tasks could then be performed on the imported video before export to another medium , or MPEG encoded for transfer to a DVD . Modern web-based editing systems can take video directly from

665-507: A viewfinder (usually digital), a pressure-sensitive knob for zooming at a controllable speed, LED lamp for illuminating in darkness – possibly with an option to adjust automatically, night vision which may be assisted by an infrared lamp , still photography, the ability to capture still photos while filming – usually at a higher resolution than the video, the ability to lock the OIS on far subjects while zoomed in (named "OIS Lock" by Panasonic),

798-568: A 25× optical zoom and an 800/100× digital zoom . Like the MV500 series, it has an analog S-video socket but lacks digital FireWire /DV connectivity. The Canon MVX100i is a MiniDV camcorder . It features a 16× optical zoom and a 320× digital zoom , a 2.5-inch LCD screen, and a manual focus feature. It also features manual adjustment for brightness, audio volume, exposure, white balance and has several built-in digital effects, including nine fades and nine video effects. The MVX100i also has

931-481: A 3-step ND filter switch allowing greater control of how much light can enter the camera for maintaining a shallow depth of field or giving a softer appearance to motion. For one hour video shooting in 4K the camera needs about 32 GB to accommodate a data transfer rate of 50 Mbit/s. The camera's MSRP in the US is USD $ 2,000. In 2015, consumer UHD (3840x2160) camcorders below USD $ 1000 became available. Sony released

1064-460: A camcorder offers inferior handling, audio and video performance, which limits its utility for extended or adverse shooting situations. The camera phone developed video capability during the early 21st century, reducing sales of low-end camcorders. DSLR cameras with high-definition video were also introduced early in the 21st century. Although they still have the handling and usability deficiencies of other multipurpose devices, HDSLR video offers

1197-415: A camera phone over a mobile connection, and editing can take place through a web browser interface, so, strictly speaking, a computer for video editing does not require any installed hardware or software beyond a web browser and an internet connection. Nowadays there is a huge amount of home editing which takes place both on desktop and tablets or smartphones. The social media revolution has brought about

1330-481: A computer where large files (for DV, 1 GB for 4 to 4.6 minutes in PAL / NTSC resolutions) can be edited , converted and recorded back to tape. The transfer is done in real time , so the transfer of a 60-minute tape requires one hour to transfer and about 13 GB of disk space for the raw footage (plus space for rendered files and other media). A tapeless camcorder is a camcorder that does not use video tape for

1463-524: A computer. Professional models include other options like Serial digital interface (SDI) or HDMI . Some tapeless camcorders are equipped with a FireWire (IEEE-1394) port to ensure compatibility with magnetic tape -based DV and HDV formats. Since the consumer market favors ease of use, portability and price, most consumer-grade camcorders emphasize handling and automation over audio and video performance. Most devices with camcorder capability are camera phones or compact digital cameras , in which video

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1596-406: A console with two monitors built in. The right monitor, which played the preview video, was used by the editor to make cuts and edit decisions using a light pen . The editor selected from options superimposed as text over the preview video. The left monitor was used to display the edited video. A DEC PDP-11 computer served as a controller for the whole system. Because the video edited on the 600

1729-552: A current proportional to the light striking them. The current is then digitised before being electronically scanned and fed to the imager's output. The main difference between the two devices is how the scanning is done. In the CCD the diodes are sampled simultaneously, and the scan passes the digitised data from one register to the next. In CMOS devices, the diodes are sampled directly by the scanning logic. Digital video storage retains higher-quality video than analog storage, especially on

1862-406: A desktop editor based on its proprietary compression algorithms and off-the-shelf parts. Their aim was to democratize the desktop and take some of Avid's market. In August 1993, Media 100 entered the market, providing would-be editors with a low-cost, high-quality platform. Around the same period, other competitors provided non-linear systems that required special hardware—typically cards added to

1995-631: A different, incompatible recording format. It became standard equipment for broadcast news . Sony released the first consumer camcorder in 1983, the Betamovie BMC-100P. It used a Betamax cassette and rested on the operator's shoulder, due to a design not permitting a single-handed grip. That year, JVC released the first VHS-C camcorder. Kodak announced a new camcorder format in 1984, the 8 mm video format . Sony introduced its compact 8 mm Video8 format in 1985. That year, Panasonic , RCA and Hitachi began producing camcorders using

2128-453: A digital video clip , without having to play or scrub/shuttle through adjacent footage to reach it, as is necessary with video tape linear editing systems. When ingesting audio or video feeds, metadata is attached to the clip. That metadata can be attached automatically ( timecode , localization, take number, name of the clip) or manually (players names, characters, in sports). It is then possible to access any frame by entering directly

2261-455: A full-size VHS cassette with a three-hour capacity. These shoulder-mount camcorders were used by videophiles , industrial videographers and college TV studios. Full-size Super-VHS (S-VHS) camcorders were released in 1987, providing an inexpensive way to collect news segments or other videographies . Sony upgraded Video8, releasing the Hi8 in competition with S-VHS. Digital technology emerged with

2394-807: A higher resolution than the recorded video, allowing for lossless digital zoom by cropping the area read out from the image sensor. The video player may allow for navigation between individual frames and extraction of still frames from footage to standalone pictures. Camcorders are often classified by their storage device ; VHS , VHS-C , Betamax , Video8 are examples of late 20th century videotape -based camcorders which record video in analog form . Digital video camcorder formats include Digital8 , MiniDV , DVD , hard disk drive , direct to disk recording and solid-state, semiconductor flash memory . While all these formats record video in digital form, Digital8, MiniDV, DVD and hard-disk drives have no longer been manufactured in consumer camcorders since 2006. In

2527-420: A nearly identical exterior appearance. The Canon MV500 is a MiniDV camcorder . It features a 18× optical zoom and a 360× digital zoom . The Canon MV600 is a MiniDV camcorder . It features a 18× optical zoom and a 360× digital zoom . The Canon MV630i is a MiniDV camcorder . It features a 20× optical zoom and a 400× digital zoom . The Canon MV900 is a MiniDV camcorder . It features

2660-410: A number of other cloud-based editors have become available including systems from Avid , WeVideo and Grabyo . Despite their reliance on a network connection, the need to ingest material before editing can take place, and the use of lower-resolution video proxies , their adoption has grown. Their popularity has been driven largely by efficiencies arising from opportunities for greater collaboration and

2793-542: A particular one, and still keep his data secure. The Optima software editing system was closely tied to Acorn hardware, so when Acorn stopped manufacturing the Risc PC in the late 1990s, Eidos discontinued the Optima system. In the early 1990s, a small American company called Data Translation took what it knew about coding and decoding pictures for the US military and large corporate clients and spent $ 12 million developing

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2926-495: A recording medium for DVCPRO-HD video. In 2006 Panasonic and Sony introduced AVCHD as an inexpensive, tapeless, high-definition video format. AVCHD camcorders are produced by Sony, Panasonic, Canon, JVC and Hitachi. About this time, some consumer grade camcorders with hard disk and/or memory card recording used MOD and TOD file formats, accessible by USB from a PC . In 2010, after the success of James Cameron 's 2009 3D film Avatar , full 1080p HD 3D camcorders entered

3059-566: A recording medium, such as magnetic videotape. Since the record function involves many signal-processing steps, some distortion and noise historically appeared on the stored video; playback of the stored signal did not have the exact characteristics and detail as a live video feed. All camcorders have a recorder-controlling section, allowing the user to switch the recorder into playback mode for reviewing recorded footage, and an image-control section controlling exposure, focus and color balance . The image recorded need not be limited to what appeared in

3192-475: A separate subtitle track . The former allows measuring the exact and undistorted recording time of scenes even if intermittently paused, and the latter may encompass aperture, frames' exposure duration, exposure value, and photosensitivity. On digital camcorders, the video resolution, frame rate, and/or bit rate may be adjustable between higher quality but larger file sizes and lower quality but extended recording time on remaining storage. The image sensor may have

3325-406: A serious competitor to entry-level Avid systems. Another leap came in the late 1990s with the launch of DV-based video formats for consumer and professional use. With DV came IEEE 1394 (FireWire/iLink), a simple and inexpensive way of getting video into and out of computers. Users no longer had to convert video from analog to digital—it was recorded as digital to start with—and FireWire offered

3458-414: A significant change in access to powerful editing tools or apps, at everyone's disposal. When videotapes were first developed in the 1950s, the only way to edit was to physically cut the tape with a razor blade and splice segments together. While the footage excised in this process was not technically destroyed, continuity was lost and the footage was generally discarded. In 1963, with the introduction of

3591-475: A significant manufacturing challenge. However some camcorders, even consumer grade devices such as the JVC GZ-HD3 , introduced around 2007, are triple sensor cameras , usually CCD but could be CMOS. In this case the exact alignment of the three sensors so that the red, green and blue components of the video output are correctly aligned, is the manufacturing challenge. The recorder writes the video signal onto

3724-400: A single unit. The Sanyo Xacti HD1 was the first such unit, combining the features of a 5.1 megapixel still camera with a 720p video recorder with improved handling and utility. Canon and Sony have introduced camcorders with still-photo performance approaching that of a digicam, and Panasonic has introduced a DSLR body with video features approaching that of a camcorder. Hitachi has introduced

3857-546: A standard computer running a software-only editing system. Avid is an industry standard used for major feature films, television programs, and commercials. Final Cut Pro received a Technology & Engineering Emmy Award in 2002. Since 2000, many personal computers include basic non-linear video editing software free of charge. This is the case of Apple iMovie for the Macintosh platform, various open-source programs like Kdenlive , Cinelerra-GG Infinity and PiTiVi for

3990-436: A straightforward way to transfer video data without additional hardware. With this innovation, editing became a more realistic proposition for software running on standard computers. It enabled desktop editing, producing high-quality results at a fraction of the cost of earlier systems. In early 2000, the introduction of highly compressed HD formats such as HDV has continued this trend, making it possible to edit HD material on

4123-434: Is a destructive process because the original film must be physically cut to perform an edit. A non-linear editing approach may be used when all assets are available as files on video servers , or on local solid-state drives or hard disks , rather than recordings on reels or tapes. While linear editing is tied to the need to sequentially view film or hear tape, non-linear editing enables direct access to any video frame in

List of Canon camcorders - Misplaced Pages Continue

4256-417: Is a form of offline editing for audio , video , and image editing . In offline editing, the original content is not modified in the course of editing. In non-linear editing, edits are specified and modified by specialized software. A pointer-based playlist, effectively an edit decision list (EDL), for video and audio, or a directed acyclic graph for still images, is used to keep track of edits. Each time

4389-629: Is a secondary capability. Some pocket cameras, mobile phones and camcorders are shock-, dust- and waterproof. The consumer camcorder was generally still very expensive throughout the early to mid 1990s, but prices compared to the 1980s had halved for an entry-level model and fell even further at the turn of the millennium, placing them in easier reach of basic-income consumers with the addition of available and more easy to obtain credit to spread payments. This market has followed an evolutionary path driven by miniaturization and cost reduction enabled by progress in design and manufacture. Miniaturization reduces

4522-595: Is a single CCD Mini DV camcorder . It was sold in North America under the name Optura 100 MC. Still images may be recorded onto an SD flash memory card with an image resolution of either 1280×960 or 640×480 and an image quality of either fine or standard. When held in the hands, the Canon DV 012 is a sturdy camcorder that imparts a heavy feeling of ruggedness. It was replaced by the Optura 200 MC, which has

4655-536: Is a video editing (NLVE) program or application, or an audio editing (NLAE) digital audio workstation (DAW) system. These perform non-destructive editing on source material. The name is in contrast to 20th-century methods of linear video editing and film editing . In linear video editing, the product is assembled from beginning to end, in that order. One can replace or overwrite sections of material but never cut something out or insert extra material. Non-linear editing removes this restriction. Conventional film editing

4788-512: Is able to operate silently with no throttled speed, whereas cameras with protracting zoom lenses commonly throttle operation speed during video recording to minimize acoustic disturbance. Additionally, dedicated units are able to operate solely on external power with no battery inserted. Video cameras originally designed for television broadcast were large and heavy, mounted on special pedestals and wired to remote recorders in separate rooms. As technology improved, out-of-studio video recording

4921-541: Is achieved by a detachable conversion lens. Sony released a 3D camcorder, the HDR-TD10, with two lenses built in for 3D filming, and can optionally shoot 2D video. Panasonic has also released 2D camcorders with an optional 3D conversion lens. The HDC-SD90, HDC-SD900, HDC-TM900 and HDC-HS900 are sold as "3D-ready": 2D camcorders, with optional 3D capability at a later date. JVC also released a twin-lens camcorder in 2011, JVC Everio GS-TD1. In CES (January) 2014, Sony announced

5054-661: Is called DIGIC DV II ( DIG ital I mage C ore – D igital V ideo version II ). The technology is similar to the DIGIC II that Canon uses for their digital still cameras . Much of the technology is being kept under wraps, and the manufacturer of the CCDs is being kept secret. The XL H1 was shipped by Canon in one of two basic configurations, aiming the unit at either NTSC or PAL markets. The NTSC configuration supports NTSC DV and NTSC HDV 1080i 60, 30f and 24f. The PAL configuration supports PAL DV and HDV at 1080i50. A modification

5187-420: Is eliminated. It can also be viewed as the audio/video equivalent of word processing , which is why it is called desktop video editing in the consumer space. In broadcasting applications, video and audio data are first captured to hard disk-based systems or other digital storage devices. The data are then imported into servers employing any necessary transcoding , digitizing or transfer . Once imported,

5320-478: Is largely limited to consumer-level equipment targeted at people who are not likely to spend any great amount of effort video editing their video footage. Hitachi released the world's first DVD-RAM camcorder in 2000, using the more compact 8 cm MiniDVD . The Sony HDVS system, launched in 1984, allowed 1080i recording in the early 1990s. Sony later released a HD version of Betacam called HDCAM in 1997. Panasonic launched DVCPRO HD in 2000, expanding

5453-508: Is more vulnerable to wrinkles or stretches in the tape which could erase data, but tracking and error-correction code on the tape compensates for most defects. On analog media, similar damage registers as "noise" in the video, leaving a deteriorated (but watchable) video. DVDs may develop DVD rot , losing large chunks of data. An analog recording may be "usable" after its storage media deteriorates severely, but slight media degradation in digital recordings may trigger an "all or nothing" failure;

List of Canon camcorders - Misplaced Pages Continue

5586-578: Is recorded to the MXF file format. NTSC configuration The Canon XL-1 is a three-CCD standard-definition camcorder made from 1998 to 2001. The camera was designed for the prosumer market. The successor to the XL-1s is the Canon XL-2. The XL-1 and XL-1s have many features of a high-end camera such as interchangeable lenses, viewfinders, and XLR inputs. Many features of the XL-1s were carried over into

5719-481: Is still the most-used NLE on prime-time TV productions, being employed on up to 90 percent of evening broadcast shows." Since then the rise in semi-professional and domestic users of editing software has seen a large rise in other titles becoming very popular in these areas. Other significant software used by many editors is Adobe Premiere Pro (part of Adobe Creative Cloud ), Apple Final Cut Pro X , DaVinci Resolve and Lightworks . The take-up of these software titles

5852-534: Is the big brother to the GL family and the successor of the similar looking Canon XL-1s. It is succeeded by the Canon XL-H1 with a similar 20x lens and similar design, but in black. The Canon XL-2 was designed to be very customizable, along with an array of pro-grade features. Some of these include: The camera also has 2 XLR inputs in the back, as well as the capability to add 2 more with an adapter that plugs into

5985-509: Is the first consumer-grade camcorder to shoot 1080p24 . Consequently, it has become popular with low-budget film/video makers. It is the successor to the HV10, which was Canon's first consumer HDV camcorder. The NTSC-region camera shoots at 24p which gives a film-like look in PF24 mode, using 2:3 pulldown in a 60i stream. In PAL regions, it can record in native 25p mode and as such does not require

6118-477: Is to an extent dictated by cost and subscription licence arrangements, as well as the rise in mobile apps and free software. As of January 2019 , Davinci Resolve has risen in popularity within professional users and others alike - it had a user base of more than 2 million using the free version alone. This is a comparable user base to Apple's Final Cut Pro X , which also had 2 million users as of April 2017 . Some notable NLEs are: Early consumer applications using

6251-504: Is used by bridge cameras , the camcorder has 20x optical zoom in a compact body with dual XLR audio inputs, Internal ND filters and separate control rings for focus, iris and zoom. In HD capture, the camcorder enables in-camera downscaling of the 4K image to HD to reduce noise inherent in the smaller sensor. As of January 2017, the only major manufacturer to announce new consumer camcorders at CES ( Consumer Electronic Show ) in Las Vegas

6384-404: Is used on semi-pro and high-end professional video cameras for ultrafast transfer of high-definition television (HDTV) content. Most consumer-level tapeless camcorders use MPEG-2 , MPEG-4 or its derivatives as video coding formats. They are normally capable of still-image capture to JPEG format additionally. Consumer-grade tapeless camcorders include a USB port to transfer video onto

6517-481: Is used on the sensor, and the entire 1440 × 1080 sensor is used for 16:9 standard definition recording. Customizations to the image on the camera include gamma , knee, black levels, color gain, and sharpness settings. These settings allow the operator to develop a look for the production within the camera. Shooting modes of both HDV and DV include 60i, 30F, and 24F for a 60 Hz version. 50 Hz version offers recording modes of 50i and 25F. Vertical resolution of

6650-473: Is via a D3 connector more commonly seen on Japanese consumer electronics. To preserve compatibility with existing interlaced equipment, 480i composite video is always available via either a BNC connector , or a 3.5mm TRS connector . Video shot in DV "F" mode is recorded to tape in interlaced format. Canon released its model XH A1S and XH G1s in 2008. Updated features include acceleration/deceleration control of

6783-516: The Ampex Editec, videotape could be edited electronically with a process known as linear video editing by selectively copying the original footage to another tape called a master . The original recordings are not destroyed or altered in this process. However, since the final product is a copy of the original, there is a generation loss of quality. The first truly non-linear editor, the CMX 600 ,

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6916-402: The digital recording of video productions as 20th century ones did. Tapeless camcorders record video as digital computer files onto data storage devices such as optical discs , hard disk drives and solid-state flash memory cards. Inexpensive pocket video cameras use flash memory cards , while some more expensive camcorders use solid-state drives or SSD; similar flash technology

7049-401: The 1986 Sony D1 , a device which recorded uncompressed data and required a large amount of bandwidth for its time. In 1992 Ampex introduced DCT , the first digital video format with data compression using the discrete cosine transform algorithm present in most commercial digital video formats. In 1995 Sony, JVC, Panasonic and other video-camera manufacturers launched DV , which became

7182-577: The 21st century, video editing required two recorders and a desktop video workstation to control them. A typical home personal computer can hold several hours of standard-definition video, and is fast enough to edit footage without additional upgrades. Most consumer camcorders are sold with basic video editing software , so users can create their own DVDs or share edited footage online. Since 2006, nearly all camcorders sold are digital. Tape-based (MiniDV/HDV) camcorders are no longer popular, since tapeless models (with an SD card or internal SSD) cost almost

7315-697: The American Dream , which won a National Primetime Emmy Award for Editing in 1993. The NewTek Video Toaster Flyer for the Amiga included non-linear editing capabilities in addition to processing live video signals. The Flyer used hard drives to store video clips and audio, and supported complex scripted playback. The Flyer provided simultaneous dual-channel playback, which let the Toaster's video switcher perform transitions and other effects on video clips without additional rendering . The Flyer portion of

7448-481: The Avid Media Composer was most often used for editing commercials or other small-content and high-value projects. This was primarily because the purchase cost of the system was very high, especially in comparison to the offline tape-based systems that were then in general use. Hard disk storage was also expensive enough to be a limiting factor on the quality of footage that most editors could work with or

7581-573: The Avid/1 (and later Media Composer systems from the late 1980s) was somewhat low (about VHS quality), due to the use of a very early version of a Motion JPEG (M-JPEG) codec. It was sufficient, however, to provide a versatile system for offline editing. Lost in Yonkers (1993) was the first film edited with Avid Media Composer, and the first long-form documentary so edited was the HBO program Earth and

7714-641: The Beaver ". By 1985 it was used on over 80% of filmed network programs and Cinedco was awarded the Technical Emmy for "Design and Implementation of Non-Linear Editing for Filmed Programs." In 1984, Montage Picture Processor was demonstrated at NAB. Montage used 17 identical copies of a set of film rushes on modified consumer Betamax VCRs. A custom circuit board was added to each deck that enabled frame-accurate switching and playback using vertical interval timecode. Intelligent positioning and sequencing of

7847-618: The Betamax system. All of these original systems were slow, cumbersome, and had problems with the limited computer horsepower of the time, but the mid-to-late-1980s saw a trend towards non-linear editing, moving away from film editing on Moviolas and the linear videotape method using U-matic VCRs. Computer processing advanced sufficiently by the end of the 1980s to enable true digital imagery and has progressed today to provide this capability in personal desktop computers. An example of computing power progressing to make non-linear editing possible

7980-534: The Canon GL-2 and XL-2. The Canon XL-1 and the XL-1s were designed to be very customizable. The camera's features include: The feature-length film 28 Days Later was partly shot using an XL-1. The camera was also used by the character Freddie Benson on the TV show iCarly , to shoot the in-universe webshow. The Canon XL-2 , released in 2004, is Canon's prosumer 3CCD standard-definition camcorder. The XL-2

8113-575: The DV codec to support high definition (HD). The format was intended for professional camcorders, and used full-size DVCPRO cassettes. In 2003 Sony, JVC, Canon and Sharp introduced HDV as the first affordable HD video format, due to its use of inexpensive MiniDV cassettes . Sony introduced the XDCAM tapeless video format in 2003, introducing the Professional Disc (PFD) . Panasonic followed in 2004 with its P2 solid state memory cards as

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8246-552: The DZHV 584E/EW, with 1080p resolution and a touch screen. The Flip Video was a series of tapeless camcorders introduced by Pure Digital Technologies in 2006. Slightly larger than a smartphone , the Flip Video was a basic camcorder with record, zoom, playback and browse buttons and a USB jack for uploading video. The original models recorded at a 640x480-pixel resolution; later models featured HD recording at 1280x720 pixels. The Mino

8379-621: The EDL (without having to have the actual film data duplicated). Generation loss is also controlled, due to not having to repeatedly re-encode the data when different effects are applied. Generation loss can still occur in digital video or audio when using lossy video or audio compression algorithms as these introduce artifacts into the source material with each encoding or re-encoding. codecs such as Apple ProRes , Advanced Video Coding and mp3 are very widely used as they allow for dramatic reductions on file size while often being indistinguishable from

8512-453: The EDLs, the editor can work on low-resolution copies of the video. This makes it possible to edit both standard-definition broadcast quality and high definition broadcast quality very quickly on desktop computers that may not have the power to process huge full-quality high-resolution data in real-time. The costs of editing systems have dropped such that non-linear editing tools are now within

8645-617: The EMC2 editor, a PC-based non-linear off-line editing system that utilized magneto-optical disks for storage and playback of video, using half-screen-resolution video at 15 frames per second. A couple of weeks later that same year, Avid introduced the Avid/1, the first in the line of their Media Composer systems. It was based on the Apple Macintosh computer platform ( Macintosh II systems were used) with special hardware and software developed and installed by Avid. The video quality of

8778-451: The Eidos system had no requirement for JPEG hardware and was cheap to produce. The software could decode multiple video and audio streams at once for real-time effects at no extra cost. But most significantly, for the first time, it supported unlimited cheap removable storage. The Eidos Edit 1, Edit 2, and later Optima systems let the editor use any Eidos system, rather than being tied down to

8911-670: The FDRAX33, and Panasonic released the HC-WX970K and the HC-VX870. In September 2014 Panasonic announced and claimed 4K Ultra HD Camcorder HC-X1000E as the first conventional camcorder design that can capture up to 60fps at 150 Mbit/s or alternatively standard HD recording at up to 200 Mbit/s in ALL-I mode with MP4, MOV and AVCHD formats all offered depending on the resolution and frame rate. With use 1/2.3" small sensor as commonly

9044-659: The HDV standard resolution of 1440×1080 pixels and has 3 native interlaced 1440×1080 CCDs (The photosites are 1.33:1 aspect ratio, allowing for a full 16:9 frame) where Sony's HVR-V1U has 960×1080 diagonal photosites, and Panasonic's AG-HVX200 pixel shifted 960×540 (goes to 1280×1080 but theoretically with pixel shift, has a resolution of 1440×810). The camera can also shoot in standard definition in either 16:9 or 4:3. It has an HD-SDI uncompressed output. There's also component uncompressed HD output. NTSC configuration : PAL configuration : Users could pay for Canon to re-configure

9177-599: The Linux platform, and Windows Movie Maker for the Windows platform. This phenomenon has brought low-cost non-linear editing to consumers. The demands of video editing in terms of the volumes of data involved means the proximity of the stored footage being edited to the NLE system doing the editing is governed partly by the capacity of the data connection between the two. The increasing availability of broadband internet combined with

9310-603: The M-JPEG data rate was too high for systems like Avid/1 on the Apple Macintosh and Lightworks on PC to store the video on removable storage. The content needed to be stored on fixed hard disks instead. The secure tape paradigm of keeping your content with you was not possible with these fixed disks. Editing machines were often rented from facilities houses on a per-hour basis, and some productions chose to delete their material after each edit session, and then ingest it again

9443-568: The Video Toaster/Flyer combination was a complete computer of its own, having its own microprocessor and embedded software . Its hardware included three embedded SCSI controllers. Two of these SCSI buses were used to store video data, and the third to store audio. The Flyer used a proprietary wavelet compression algorithm known as VTASC, which was well regarded at the time for offering better visual quality than comparable non-linear editing systems using motion JPEG . Until 1993,

9576-482: The ability to attach a wide variety of accessories, making it popular with amateur and independent filmmakers. It has a fixed fluorite zoom lens and records to MiniDV cassettes. Its operating weight, when batteries and tapes are included, is under four pounds. The GL2 differs from its predecessor, the Canon GL1, in a few notable ways. First, The CCD was improved to allow more accurate edge-to-edge imaging. While this

9709-519: The ability to buffer footage before pressing the "record" button to avoid missing moments without having to be constantly recording (named "PRE-REC" by Panasonic), the ability to keep the lens cover open for few minutes into stand-by mode for rapid restarting, internal storage for recording when the inserted memory card's space is exhausted, autofocus able to track objects, and optional visual effects during video recording and playback. Metadata such as date/time and technical parameters may be stored in

9842-404: The ability to take still pictures that can be saved to an SD memory card and can record video in long and short play. The audio system is a PCM digital stereo and can capture in 16 or 12 bits. The terminal features sockets for headphones, external microphones, analogue-in, direct print, AV and S-video, and the video is captured to a computer via either FireWire or USB . It has an accessory shoe on

9975-430: The accessory shoe. This makes it useful for use with wireless microphones or other audio sources. The XL2 records to a MiniDV tape and can export to a computer via a FireWire (IEEE 1394) port. The XL2 is one of only a few cameras that can record to all 4 MiniDV audio tracks simultaneously. The Canon XL H1 is Canon's first HDV camcorder with interchangeable lenses. It is the successor to the Canon XL-2. It can shoot in

10108-635: The addition of the XL H1A and XL H1S. The H1A and H1S are almost exactly the same except for the exclusion of the "Jackpack" (HD SDI, Genlock, Timecode) on the H1A. The kit lens includes an iris ring and a more sensitive zoom. The H1S and H1A also have a stronger headphone jack. They are no longer made out of plastic, but metal, making them less prone to breaking. The XH A1 and the XH G1 are professional handheld HDV camcorders manufactured by Canon. The form factor of

10241-539: The amount of material that could be held digitized at any one time. Up until 1992, the Apple Macintosh computers could access only 50 gigabytes of storage at once. This limitation was overcome by a digital video R&D team at the Disney Channel led by Rick Eye . By February 1993, this team had integrated a long-form system that let the Avid Media Composer running on the Apple Macintosh access over seven terabytes of digital video data. With instant access to

10374-491: The built-in microphone or via external XLR audio. In HDV mode the camera can record two 16-bit channels at a rate of 192 kbit/s and 1.5 Mbit/s in DV mode. The official web site states that (HDV standard): HDV: 2-channel recording MPEG1 Audio Layer II: (bit rate 384 kbit/s) In SD mode: DV: 2-channel recording PCM digital recording : 16 bits (48 kHz), 12 bits (32 kHz, 12 bits selectable). XH-A1s improves audio connections and addressing flaws from

10507-451: The camcorder is called the HV10E and features PAL DV recording in addition to HDV 1080i50 mode. The HV10 does 1080i60 and NTSC . It can capture video at the full 1920 × 1080 interlaced resolution , however the horizontal resolution is reduced when it is stored to tape in the HDV standard of 1440 × 1080 resolution. The Canon HV20 is an HDV camcorder . Announced January 30, 2007, it

10640-417: The camera to shoot in 50i and 25f. 24f, not to be taken as 24p, is derived from cooler running interlaced CCDs that are clocked at 48 Hz. Every two of the 48 fields are captured at precisely the same moment in time providing an image capture in camera without the need of any additional internal cooling devices for the CCDs. The digital signal processor that enables the CCDs to capture in the "f" frame rate

10773-613: The cameras is a close successor to the Canon GL2, with the newer HDV models being slightly larger and heavier. The cameras were marketed towards independent and documentary filmmakers, and for broadcasters and journalists for electronic news gathering . Both cameras share the same basic design and body, though the XH G1 is geared towards professional multi-camera production and includes connections for HD-SDI/SD-SDI Out , genlock , and time code . The cameras were originally released in 2006,

10906-464: The computer system. Fast Video Machine was a PC-based system that first came out as an offline system, and later became more online editing capable. The Imix video cube was also a contender for media production companies. The Imix Video Cube had a control surface with faders to allow mixing and shuttle control. Data Translation's Media 100 came with three different JPEG codecs for different types of graphics and many resolutions. DOS -based D/Vision Pro

11039-554: The consumer market emphasizes user control and advanced shooting modes. More-expensive consumer camcorders offer manual exposure control, HDMI output and external audio input, progressive-scan frame rates (24fps, 25fps, 30fps) and higher-quality lenses than basic models. To maximize low-light capability, color reproduction and frame resolution, multi-CCD/CMOS camcorders mimic the 3-element imager design of professional equipment. Field tests have shown that most consumer camcorders (regardless of price) produce noisy video in low light. Before

11172-541: The conversion is complete, the photosites reset to start the exposure of the next video frame. In many cases the photosites (per pixel ) are actually reset globally by charging to a fixed voltage, and discharged towards zero individually proportionally to the accumulated light, because it is simpler to manufacture the sensor that way. Most camcorders use a single imaging sensor with integrated colour filters, per pixel, to enable red, green and blue to be sensed, each on their own set of pixels. The individual pixel filters present

11305-836: The digital recording will be unplayable without extensive restoration. Older digital camcorders record video onto tape digitally, microdrives , hard drives, and small DVD-RAM or DVD-Rs . Newer machines since 2006 record video onto flash memory devices and internal solid-state drives in MPEG-1 , MPEG-2 or MPEG-4 format. Because these codecs use inter-frame compression, frame-specific editing requires frame regeneration, additional processing and may lose picture information. Codecs storing each frame individually, easing frame-specific scene editing, are common in professional use. Other digital consumer camcorders record in DV or HDV format on tape, transferring content over FireWire or USB 2.0 to

11438-461: The earliest analog camcorders the imaging device is vacuum-tube technology, in which the charge of a light-sensitive target was directly proportional to the amount of light striking it; the Vidicon is an example of such an imaging tube. Newer analog, and digital camcorders use a solid-state charge-coupled imaging device (CCD) or a CMOS imager . Both are analog detectors, using photodiodes to pass

11571-471: The early-evening news, since it was no longer necessary to develop film. In 1983, Sony released the first camcorder, the Betacam system, for professional use. A key component was a single camera-recorder unit, eliminating a cable between the camera and recorder and increasing the camera operator's freedom. The Betacam used the same cassette format (0.5 inches or 1.3 centimetres tape) as the Betamax, but with

11704-435: The edited audio, video, or image is rendered, played back, or accessed, it is reconstructed from the original source and the specified editing steps. Although this process is more computationally intensive than directly modifying the original content, changing the edits themselves can be almost instantaneous, and it prevents further generation loss as the audio, video, or image is edited. A non-linear editing system ( NLE )

11837-466: The electrical signal to video, encoding it in a storable form. The lens and imager comprise the "camera" section. The lens is the first component of the light path. Camcorder optics generally have one or more of the following controls: In consumer units these adjustments are often automatically controlled by the camcorder, but can be adjusted manually if desired. Professional-grade units offer user control of all major optical functions. The imager, often

11970-528: The first consumer/low-end professional (" prosumer ") camcorder Sony FDR-AX100 with a 1" 20.9MP sensor able to shoot 4K video in 3840x2160 pixels 30fps or 24fps in the XAVC-S format; in standard HD the camcorder can also deliver 60fps. When using the traditional format AVCHD, the camcorder supports 5.1 surround sound from its built-in microphone, this is however not supported in the XAVC-S format. The camera also has

12103-706: The imager's ability to gather light; designers have balanced improvements in sensor sensitivity with size reduction, shrinking the camera imager and optics while maintaining relatively noise-free video in daylight. Indoor or dim-light shooting is generally quiet, and in such conditions artificial lighting is recommended. Mechanical controls cannot shrink below a certain size, and manual camera operation has given way to camera-controlled automation for every shooting parameter (including focus, aperture, shutter speed and color balance). The few models with manual override are menu-driven. Outputs include USB 2.0, Composite and S-Video and IEEE 1394/FireWire (for MiniDV models). The high end of

12236-548: The lens is set to. The lens thread supports 72 mm filters and adapters such as fisheye and wide-angle lenses. Modern devices such as the Letus35 also allow for 35 mm lenses to be attached providing a very shallow depth of field and create a more "film" like feel which is often desired by many amateur film makers and allows for even greater operational flexibility of the XH A1. The XH A1 provides two channels of audio through

12369-487: The market for traditional camcorders as more and more consumers prefer to record video with their 4K-capable smartphones , DSLRs , and action cameras from GoPro , Xiaomi , Sony, Nikon , and many others. Camcorders have three major components: lens, imager and recorder. The lens gathers light, focusing it on the imager. The imager (usually a CCD or CMOS sensor ; earlier models used vidicon tubes) converts incident light into an electrical signal. The recorder converts

12502-546: The market. With the proliferation of file -based digital formats, the relationship between recording media and recording format has declined; video can be recorded onto different media. With tapeless formats, recording media are storage for digital files. In 2011 Panasonic, Sony, and JVC released consumer-grade camcorders capable of filming in 3D . Panasonic released the HDC-SDT750. It is a 2D camcorder which can shoot in HD; 3D

12635-665: The next day to guarantee the security of their content. In addition, each NLE system had storage limited by its fixed disk capacity. These issues were addressed by a small UK company, Eidos Interactive . Eidos chose the new ARM -based computers from the UK and implemented an editing system, launched in Europe in 1990 at the International Broadcasting Convention . Because it implemented its own compression software designed specifically for non-linear editing,

12768-597: The original XH-A1. [1] Canon XM2/GL2 is a PAL or NTSC Mini DV camcorder , the successor to the Canon XM1/GL1. Part of their high-end, " prosumer " range, notable features include zebra patterning , colour gain, phase and sharpness. It has a 2.5 inch LCD display and 0.44 inch viewfinder, a bulky auto/manual focus button on the front, and a large rubber manual focus ring for quick or pull focusing. It also includes such features as 3 1 ⁄ 4 ″ CCDs , manual and auto focus and white balance, and

12901-681: The potential for cost savings derived from using a shared platform, hiring rather than buying infrastructure, and the use of conventional IT equipment over hardware specifically designed for video editing. As of 2014 , 4K Video in NLE was fairly new, but it was being used in the creation of many movies throughout the world, due to the increased use of advanced 4K cameras such as the Red Camera . Examples of software for this task include Avid Media Composer , Apple's Final Cut Pro X , Sony Vegas , Adobe Premiere , DaVinci Resolve , Edius , and Cinelerra-GG Infinity for Linux. As of 2019 8K video

13034-453: The progressive video shot in "F" mode is about 25% lower than theoretically possible, because it is generated from interlaced CCD sensors by using row-pair summation but is still higher than the resolution of a single field. Tapes, recorded in HDV "F" mode are compatible with Native Progressive Recording mode offered on some Sony camcorders. A progressive video output is available via a FireWire (IEEE 1394) port. 1080i or 480i component video

13167-608: The prosumer and strictly consumer levels. MiniDV storage allows full-resolution video (720x576 for PAL , 720x480 for NTSC ), unlike analog consumer-video standards. Digital video does not experience colour bleeding , jitter, or fade. Unlike analog formats, digital formats do not experience generation loss during dubbing ; however, they are more prone to complete loss. Although digital information can theoretically be stored indefinitely without deterioration, some digital formats (like MiniDV) place tracks only about 10 micrometers apart (compared with 19–58 μm for VHS). A digital recording

13300-428: The reach of home users. Some editing software can now be accessed free as web applications ; some, like Cinelerra (focused on the professional market) and Blender , can be downloaded as free software ; and some, like Microsoft 's Windows Movie Maker or Apple Inc. 's iMovie , come included with the appropriate operating system. The non-linear editing retrieves video media for editing. Because these media exist on

13433-425: The region where the camera is sold, but the camcorder can be made 50 Hz / 60 Hz switchable for additional fee. Video is recorded to MiniDV cassettes with a maximum record time of 80 minutes. CCDs are the image sensor technology used in the camera with a resolution of 1440 × 1080 in high definition Mode. When recording in standard definition in a 4:3 aspect ratio an area of 1080 × 1080 pixels

13566-802: The same but offer greater convenience; video captured on an SD card can be transferred to a computer faster than digital tape. None of the consumer-class camcorders announced at the 2006 International Consumer Electronics Show recorded on tape. Video-capture capability is not confined to camcorders. Cellphones , digital single-lens reflex and compact digicams , laptops and personal media players offer video-capture capability, but most multipurpose devices offer less video-capture functionality than an equivalent camcorder. Most lack manual adjustments, audio input, autofocus and zoom. Few capture in standard TV-video formats (480p60, 720p60, 1080i30), recording in either non-TV resolutions (320x240, 640x480) or slower frame rates (15 or 30 fps). A multipurpose device used as

13699-822: The same pull-down removal techniques that the NTSC edition does. The camera is capable of recording in both HDV and DV formats, on MiniDV , though it's unable to record 24p in the DV format. Camcorder The earliest camcorders were tape-based, recording analog signals onto videotape cassettes. In the 2000s, digital recording became the norm, and additionally tape was replaced by storage media such as mini- HDD , MiniDVD , internal flash memory and SD cards . More recent devices capable of recording video are camera phones and digital cameras primarily intended for still pictures, whereas dedicated camcorders are often equipped with more functions and interfaces than more common cameras, such as an internal optical zoom lens that

13832-432: The same technology used in many of their Single-lens reflex camera lenses. The lens body has three rings affecting focus, zoom and aperture; however, these rings do not manually drive the lens. Instead, sensors measure the movement of the rings and electronically drive the lens through built-in motors allowing for smoother operation and more feedback telling the user exactly what focal range, aperture f-number and zoom number

13965-500: The shallow depth-of-field and interchangeable lenses lacking in consumer camcorders. Professional video cameras with these capabilities are more expensive than the most expensive video-capable DSLR. In video applications where the DSLR's operational deficiencies can be mitigated, DSLRs such as the Canon 5D Mark II provide depth-of-field and optical-perspective control. Combo-cameras combine full-feature still cameras and camcorders in

14098-460: The shot footage of an entire movie , long-form non-linear editing was now possible. The system made its debut at the NAB conference in 1993 in the booths of the three primary sub-system manufacturers, Avid, Silicon Graphics and Sony . Within a year, thousands of these systems had replaced 35mm film editing equipment in major motion picture studios and TV stations worldwide. Although M-JPEG became

14231-517: The source decks provided a simulation of random-access playback of a lengthy edited sequence without any re-recording. The theory was that with so many copies of the rushes, there could always be one machine cued up to replay the next shot in real time. Changing the EDL could be done easily, and the results seen immediately. The first feature edited on the Montage was Sidney Lumet's Power . Notably, Francis Coppola edited The Godfather Part III on

14364-427: The source material can be edited on a computer using any of a wide range of video editing software . The end product of the offline non-linear editing process is a frame-accurate edit decision list (EDL) which can be taken, together with the source tapes, to an online quality tape or film editing suite. The EDL is then read into an edit controller and used to create a replica of the offline edit by playing portions of

14497-424: The source tapes back at full quality and recording them to a master as per the exact edit points of the EDL. Editing software records the editor's decisions in an EDL that is exportable to other editing tools. Many generations and variations of the EDL can exist without storing many different copies, allowing for very flexible editing. It also makes it easy to change cuts and undo previous decisions simply by editing

14630-418: The standard codec for NLE during the early 1990s, it had drawbacks. Its high computational requirements ruled out software implementations imposing extra cost and complexity of hardware compression/playback cards. More importantly, the traditional tape workflow had involved editing from videotape, often in a rented facility. When the editor left the edit suite, they could securely take their tapes with them. But

14763-452: The system, and Stanley Kubrick used it for Full Metal Jacket . It was used on several episodic TV shows ( Knots Landing , for one) and on hundreds of commercials and music videos. The original Montage system won an Academy Award for Technical Achievement in 1988. Montage was reincarnated as Montage II in 1987, and Montage III appeared at NAB in 1991, using digital disk technology, which should prove to be considerably less cumbersome than

14896-529: The team to take their non-linear editor to the NAB Show . After various companies made offers, Keygrip was purchased by Apple as Steve Jobs wanted a product to compete with Adobe Premiere in the desktop video market. At around the same time, Avid—now with Windows versions of its editing software—was considering abandoning the Macintosh platform. Apple released Final Cut Pro in 1999, and despite not being taken seriously at first by professionals, it has evolved into

15029-508: The timecode or the descriptive metadata. An editor can, for example, at the end of the day in the Olympic Games , easily retrieve all the clips related to the players who received a gold medal. The non-linear editing method is similar in concept to the cut and paste techniques used in IT . However, with the use of non-linear editing systems, the destructive act of cutting of film negatives

15162-682: The top and takes a Li-ion battery. It weighs 620 grams. The MVX250i (as it is known in Europe ), or the Elura 70 (as it is known in North America ), is a digital video camera manufactured under the Canon brand . One of its features is an optional aspect ratio of 16:9. The Canon L1 , LX-1 (in Japan ), or EX1Hi (in Europe ), is a consumer Hi-8 video camcorder released in March 1991. The L1

15295-400: The uncompressed or losslessly compressed original. Compared to the linear method of tape-to-tape editing, non-linear editing offers the flexibility of film editing, with random access and easy project organization. In non-linear editing, the original source files are not lost or modified during editing. This is one of the biggest advantages of non-linear editing compared to linear editing. With

15428-625: The updated versions XH-A1s and XH G1s came out in December 2008. The Canon XH A1 has been used in a variety of applications in broadcast, on-line, and theatrical productions. Use of the camera in professional applications includes the Chicago Tribune 's on-line videos, and the camera was used for the production of the motion picture Crank: High Voltage . The camera is capable of shooting and recording with either 60 Hz or 50 Hz scanning rates. The default rate depends on

15561-467: The use of lower-resolution copies of original material provides an opportunity to not just review and edit material remotely but also open up access to far more people to the same content at the same time. In 2004 the first cloud-based video editor , known as Blackbird and based on technology invented by Stephen Streater , was demonstrated at IBC and recognized by the RTS the following year. Since that time

15694-465: The video server or other mass storage that stores the video feeds in a given codec, the editing system can use several methods to access the material: The leading professional non-linear editing software for many years has been Avid Media Composer . This software is likely to be present in almost all post-production houses globally, and it is used for feature films, television programs, advertising and corporate editing. In 2011, reports indicated, "Avid

15827-519: The viewfinder. For documenting events (as in law enforcement), the field of view overlays the time and date of the recording along the top and bottom of the image. The police car or constable badge number to which the recorder was given, the car's speed at the time of recording, compass direction and geographical coordinates may also be seen. Dedicated camcorders are usually equipped with optical image stabilization , optical zoom , stereo microphone, and touch screen. Additional possible features include

15960-403: The zoom, separate audio sensitivity settings for the two input XLR audio channels and the ability to simultaneously record sound from the input and external microphone. The built-in lens has a focal length of 4.5 mm - 90 mm (equivalent to 32.5 mm - 650 mm for 35 mm), with a maximum f/stop of f/1.6. Canon also includes its image stabilization technology on the camera,

16093-473: Was Canon with its entry-level HD models. Panasonic only announced details regarding their Mirrorless Micro Four Thirds Digital Camera called the LUMIX GH5, capable of shooting 4K in 60p. This is the first time in decades that Panasonic and Sony have not announced new traditional camcorders at CES, and instead carried over 2016's models, such as Sony's FDR-AX53. This is due to there being far less demand in

16226-517: Was a smaller Flip Video, with the same features as the standard model. The Mino was the smallest of all camcorders, slightly wider than a MiniDV cassette and smaller than most smartphones on the market. In fact the Mino was small enough to fit inside the shell of a VHS cassette. Later HD models featured larger screens. In 2011, the Flip Video (more recently manufactured by Cisco) was discontinued. Non-linear editing system Non-linear editing

16359-1064: Was available from a Canon Authorised Service Centre to make a single unit capable of both sets of systems, allowing users to switch "personality" through an on-screen menu selection. Owners of the PAL / 1080i50 version will probably require this modification, as it is a pre-requisite to obtaining 24f operation. At present, the XL H1 24f and 30f HDV is supported by major non-linear editing systems such as Canopus/Grass Valley Edius 5.0 , Sony Vegas , Adobe Premiere Pro 2.0 , Apple Final Cut Pro 5.1.2 and Avid Xpress Pro . As of January 29, 2007, Final Cut Pro does not support standard definition 24f or 30f. 1080i60 and 1080i50 are cross-compatible with Sony's implementation of HDV; Canon 1080i50 and 1080i60 can play on Sony HDV cameras and decks. Canon's 24f, 25f, and 30f are not cross-compatible with Sony's implementation of HDV. No 1080 HDV footage will play on JVC HDV cameras or decks. In 2008, Canon updated their XL line with

16492-487: Was demonstrated in the first all-digital non-linear editing system, the "Harry" effects compositing system manufactured by Quantel in 1985. Although it was more of a video effects system, it had some non-linear editing capabilities. Most importantly, it could record (and apply effects to) 80 seconds (due to hard disk space limitations) of broadcast-quality uncompressed digital video encoded in 8-bit CCIR 601 format on its built-in hard disk array. The term nonlinear editing

16625-405: Was entirely in the overscan area of broadcast television, the improvement is visible in conversions to film and in video distributed on the web. Slower shutter speeds were introduced, all the way down to 1/8 of a second in video mode. The GL2 also introduced features for digital effects and colour bars in-camera, as well as 1.7 Megapixel still camera features for use with an SD Card . Canon DV 012

16758-439: Was formalized in 1991 with the publication of Michael Rubin's Nonlinear: A Guide to Digital Film and Video Editing —which popularized this terminology over other terminology common at the time, including real-time editing, random-access or RA editing, virtual editing, electronic film editing, and so on. Non-linear editing with computers as it is known today was first introduced by Editing Machines Corp. in 1989 with

16891-430: Was in low-resolution black and white, the 600 was suitable only for offline editing. Non-linear editing systems were built in the 1980s using computers coordinating multiple LaserDiscs or banks of VCRs. One example of these tape and disc-based systems was Lucasfilm's EditDroid , which used several LaserDiscs of the same raw footage to simulate random-access editing. EditDroid was demonstrated at NAB in 1984. EditDroid

17024-416: Was introduced in 1971 by CMX Systems , a joint venture between CBS and Memorex . It recorded and played back black-and-white analog video recorded in " skip-field " mode on modified disk pack drives the size of washing machines that could store a half-hour worth of video & audio for editing. These disk packs were commonly used to store data digitally on mainframe computers of the time. The 600 had

17157-474: Was possible with compact video cameras and portable video recorders ; a detachable recording unit could be carried to a shooting location. Although the camera itself was compact, the need for a separate recorder made on-location shooting a two-person job. Specialized videocassette recorders were introduced by JVC ( VHS ) and Sony ( U-matic , with Betamax ) releasing a model for mobile work. Portable recorders meant that recorded video footage could be aired on

17290-480: Was relatively new. 8K video editing requires advanced hardware and software capable of handling the standard. For imaging software, early works such as HSC Software 's Live Picture brought non-destructive editing to the professional market and current efforts such as GEGL provide an implementation being used in open-source image editing software. An early concern with non-linear editing had been picture and sound quality available to editors. Storage limitations at

17423-659: Was released by TouchVision Systems, Inc. in the mid-1990s and worked with the Action Media II board. These other companies caused tremendous downward market pressure on Avid. Avid was forced to continually offer lower-priced systems to compete with the Media 100 and other systems. Inspired by the success of Media 100, members of the Premiere development team left Adobe to start a project called "Keygrip" for Macromedia. Difficulty raising support and money for development led

17556-718: Was the first camcorder in the world with interchangeable lenses , it uses the Canon VL Lens System . The Canon L2 , LX-1T (in Japan ), or EX2Hi (in Europe ), is the successor to the L1, but is nearly identical in all but a few features such as the addition of time codes and shuttle-ring-equipped remote control. The Canon HV10 is a consumer high definition video (HDV) camcorder released in September 2006. The HV10 features both HDV and DV recording. DV can be recorded in both 4:3 and 16:9 formats . In Europe,

17689-473: Was the first system to introduce modern concepts in non-linear editing such as timeline editing and clip bins. The LA-based post house Laser Edit also had an in-house system using recordable random-access LaserDiscs. The most popular non-linear system in the 1980s was Ediflex , which used a bank of U-matic and VHS VCRs for offline editing. Ediflex was introduced in 1983 on the Universal series " Still

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