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Kirby: Right Back at Ya!

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The Moomins ( Swedish : Mumintrollen , pronounced [ˈmɵmiːnˌtrɔlːən] ) are the central characters in a series of novels , short stories, picture books , and a comic strip by Swedish-speaking Finnish writer and illustrator Tove Jansson , originally published in Swedish by Schildts in Finland. They are a family of white, round fairy-tale characters with large snouts that make them resemble the hippopotamus . However, despite this resemblance, the Moomin family are trolls . The family live in their house in Moominvalley .

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150-772: Kirby: Right Back at Ya! , known in Japan as Kirby of the Stars ( 星のカービィ , Hoshi no Kābī , Japanese pronunciation: [hoɕi no kaːbʲiː] ) , is a Japanese anime television series based on Nintendo 's Kirby franchise . Produced by Chubu-Nippon Broadcasting , Dentsu , and A-UN Entertainment and animated by Studio Sign, it was directed by Sōji Yoshikawa , who also handled anime composition, and Mitsuo Kusakabe, with Miyuki Shimabukuro as character designer, Kazuo Iimura as chief animation director, and Akira Miyagawa as music composer. The anime aired on CBC and TBS in Japan from October 2001 to September 2003, with 100 episodes. In

300-540: A Studio Ghibli feature film directed by Hayao Miyazaki , won the Academy Award for Best Animated Feature at the 75th Academy Awards . It later became the highest-grossing anime film , earning more than $ 355 million. Since the 2000s, an increased number of anime works have been adaptations of light novels and visual novels ; successful examples include The Melancholy of Haruhi Suzumiya and Fate/stay night (both 2006). Demon Slayer: Kimetsu no Yaiba

450-742: A manga based on the anime, reminiscent of American comics at the time. In the adaptation process, the show was heavily re-edited : text and scenes were edited or removed to remove content deemed inappropriate for American and Canadian audiences. The dub also changed names of characters, such as the soldiers of the Galaxy Soldier Army being referred to as Star Warriors, and replaced the Japanese score with music produced locally and independently at 4Kids, including songs from anime that had previously aired on 4Kids TV . The final episodes, episodes 96 to 100 in Japan, were not aired on TV until late in

600-460: A common characteristic feature being large and emotive eyes. The anime industry consists of over 430 production companies , including major studios such as Studio Ghibli , Kyoto Animation , Sunrise , Bones , Ufotable , MAPPA , Wit Studio , CoMix Wave Films , Madhouse, Inc. , TMS Entertainment , Pierrot , Production I.G , Nippon Animation and Toei Animation . Since the 1980s, the medium has also seen widespread international success with

750-406: A common characteristic of American streaming television shows during the " Peak TV " era. The animation industry consists of more than 430 production companies with some of the major studios including Toei Animation , Gainax , Madhouse , Gonzo , Sunrise , Bones , TMS Entertainment , Nippon Animation , P.A.Works , Studio Pierrot , Production I.G , Ufotable and Studio Ghibli . Many of

900-686: A dark shade is used. However, not all anime characters have large eyes. For example, the works of Hayao Miyazaki are known for having realistically proportioned eyes, as well as realistic hair colors on their characters. Hair in anime is often unnaturally lively and colorful or uniquely styled. The movement of hair in anime is exaggerated and "hair actions" is used to emphasize the action and emotions of characters for added visual effect. Poitras traces hairstyle color to cover illustrations on manga, where eye-catching artwork and colorful tones are attractive for children's manga. Some anime will depict non-Japanese characters with specific ethnic features, such as

1050-414: A distinct set of conventions. Unlike Disney animation, where the emphasis is on the movement, anime emphasizes the art quality and let limited animation techniques make up for the lack of time spent on movement. Such techniques are often used not only to meet deadlines but also as artistic devices. Anime scenes place emphasis on achieving three-dimensional views, and backgrounds are instrumental in creating

1200-672: A diverse range of genres targeting an adult audience. Shōjo and shōnen anime sometimes contain elements popular with children of all genders in an attempt to gain crossover appeal. Adult anime may feature a slower pace or greater plot complexity that younger audiences may typically find unappealing, as well as adult themes and situations. A subset of adult anime works featuring pornographic elements are labeled "R18" in Japan, and are internationally known as hentai (originating from pervert ( 変態 , hentai ) ). By contrast, some anime subgenres incorporate ecchi , sexual themes or undertones without depictions of sexual intercourse , as typified in

1350-633: A fixed iconography that is used as shorthand for certain emotions and moods. For example, a male character may develop a nosebleed when aroused. A variety of visual symbols are employed, including sweat drops to depict nervousness, visible blushing for embarrassment, or glowing eyes for an intense glare. Another recurring sight gag is the use of chibi (deformed, simplified character designs) figures to comedically punctuate emotions like confusion or embarrassment. The opening and credits sequences of most anime television series are accompanied by J-pop or J-rock songs, often by reputed bands—as written with

1500-414: A lot of involvement in the production of the animation. We aim to create an anime that both parents and children can enjoy just as much as the games. In the beginning, Kirby started out as a game that even beginners could enjoy. I think that spirit has been carried over to the anime as well." He became friends with the cast and staff, and they held a birthday party for him when the day of voice recording for

1650-492: A major cel production company, announced it would stop cel production, producing an industry panic to procure cel imports and hastening the switch to digital processes. Prior to the digital era, anime was produced with traditional animation methods using a pose to pose approach. The majority of mainstream anime uses fewer expressive key frames and more in-between animation. Japanese animation studios were pioneers of many limited animation techniques, and have given anime

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1800-545: A major role in this, through over time many legal alternatives appeared which significantly reduced illegal practices. Since the 2010s streaming services have become increasingly involved in the production, licensing and distribution of anime for the international markets. This is especially the case with net services such as Netflix and Crunchyroll which have large catalogs in Western countries, although until 2020 anime fans in multiple developing countries, such as India and

1950-517: A myth derived from the popularity of anime in France in the late 1970s and 1980s. In English, anime —when used as a common noun —normally functions as a mass noun . (For example: "Do you watch anime?" or "How much anime have you watched?") As with a few other Japanese words, such as saké and Pokémon , English texts sometimes spell anime as animé (as in French), with an acute accent over

2100-544: A number that Jansson herself was involved in. The earliest production was a 1949 theatrical version of Comet in Moominland performed at Åbo Svenska Teater . In the early 1950s, Jansson collaborated on Moomin-themed children's plays with Vivica Bandler . By 1958, Jansson began to become directly involved in theater as Lilla Teater produced Troll i kulisserna ( Troll in the wings ), a Moomin play with lyrics by Jansson and music composed by Erna Tauro . The production

2250-568: A positive worldwide image and improve its relations with other countries such as its East Asian neighbours China and South Korea . In 2015, during remarks welcoming Japanese Prime Minister Shinzo Abe to the White House, President Barack Obama thanked Japan for its cultural contributions to the United States by saying: This visit is a celebration of the ties of friendship and family that bind our peoples. I first felt it when I

2400-537: A pronounced nose and jutting jaw for European characters. In other cases, anime feature characters whose race or nationality is not always defined, and this is often a deliberate decision, such as in the Pokémon animated series. Anime and manga artists often draw from a common canon of iconic facial expression illustrations to denote particular moods and thoughts. These techniques are often different in form than their counterparts in Western animation, and they include

2550-403: A rise in sales of shows to television stations in Japan, caused by late night anime with adults as the target demographic . This type of anime is less popular outside Japan, being considered "more of a niche product ". Spirited Away (2001) was the all-time highest-grossing film in Japan until overtaken by Demon Slayer: Kimetsu no Yaiba – The Movie: Mugen Train in 2020. It was also

2700-674: A shortening of the English word animation ) is hand-drawn and computer-generated animation originating from Japan . Outside Japan and in English, anime refers specifically to animation produced in Japan. However, in Japan and in Japanese, anime describes all animated works, regardless of style or origin. Many works of animation with a similar style to Japanese animation are also produced outside Japan. Video games sometimes also feature themes and art styles that are sometimes labelled as anime. The earliest commercial Japanese animation dates to 1917. A characteristic art style emerged in

2850-522: A slight increase in production costs and animator pays during the COVID-19 pandemic. Throughout 2020 and 2021 the American streaming service Netflix announced that it will greatly invest and fund the anime industry as well as support training programs for new animators. On April 27, 2023, Nippon Anime Film Culture Association (NAFCA) was officially founded. The association aims to solve problems in

3000-572: A small Moomin-themed playground there. First announced in 2013, a new Moomin theme park, Metsä , was opened in March 2019 at Lake Miyazawa, Hannō. There are two zones: the free Metsä Village area, comprising lakefront restaurants and shops set among natural activities, and the Moominvalley Park section offering attractions like Moominhouse and an art museum. The theme park has become very popular, with more than one million visitors during

3150-542: A specific copy ability: In 2008, 4Kids and Funimation released two seven-episode DVDs which altogether made up the first fourteen episodes of the anime. On May 6, 2010, the first season was released on DVD in Taiwan. Three episodes from the anime ("Kirby Comes to Cappy Town", "Crusade for the Blade", and "Waddle While You Work") were included in the 2012 video game compilation Kirby's Dream Collection . The complete anime

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3300-560: A sponsorship from the Imperial Japanese Navy . The 1950s saw a proliferation of short, animated advertisements created for television. In the 1960s, manga artist and animator Osamu Tezuka adapted and simplified Disney animation techniques to reduce costs and limit frame counts in his productions. Originally intended as temporary measures to allow him to produce material on a tight schedule with inexperienced staff, many of his limited animation practices came to define

3450-497: A television series produced by Gainax and directed by Hideaki Anno , began another era of experimental anime titles, such as Ghost in the Shell (1995) and Cowboy Bebop (1998). In the 1990s, anime also began attracting greater interest in Western countries; major international successes include Sailor Moon and Dragon Ball Z , both of which were dubbed into more than a dozen languages worldwide. In 2003, Spirited Away ,

3600-455: A whole, they do share some similar attributes in terms of animation technique and character design. Anime is fundamentally characterized by the use of limited animation, flat expression, the suspension of time, its thematic range, the presence of historical figures, its complex narrative line and, above all, a peculiar drawing style, with characters characterized by large and oval eyes, with very defined lines, bright colors and reduced movement of

3750-500: A work to be considered "anime". The etymology of the term anime is disputed. The English word "animation" is written in Japanese katakana as アニメーション ( animēshon ) and as アニメ ( anime , pronounced [a.ɲi.me] ) in its shortened form. Some sources claim that the term is derived from the French term for animation dessin animé ("cartoon", literally 'animated drawing'), but others believe this to be

3900-604: Is mecha , with the Gundam metaseries being iconic. The diverse fantasy genre includes works based on Asian and Western traditions and folklore; examples include the Japanese feudal fairytale InuYasha , and the depiction of Scandinavian goddesses who move to Japan to maintain a computer called Yggdrasil in Ah! My Goddess . Genre crossing in anime is also prevalent, such as the blend of fantasy and comedy in Dragon Half , and

4050-520: Is a diverse medium with distinctive production methods that have adapted in response to emergent technologies. It combines graphic art, characterization, cinematography, and other forms of imaginative and individualistic techniques. Compared to Western animation, anime production generally focuses less on movement, and more on the detail of settings and use of "camera effects", such as panning, zooming, and angle shots. Diverse art styles are used, and character proportions and features can be quite varied, with

4200-582: Is a four-part work based on the Moomin compositions of composer and producer Heikki Mäenpää. It was created on the basis of the original Moomin works for the Tampere Art Museum. Twenty new Moomin songs were produced in Finland by Timo Poijärvi and Ari Vainio in 2006. This Finnish album contains no original lyrics by Jansson. However, it is based on the novel, Comet in Moominland , and adheres to

4350-457: Is based on the 1990 TV series, where Moomintroll is the game's protagonist. The player goes through six different stories throughout the duration of the game. Two video games were released for Nintendo DS , one exclusive to Japan. Moomin Tani no Okurimono was released in Japan on November 19, 2009. The game was never released in Finland or elsewhere than Japan and China. On November 3, 2021,

4500-597: Is dedicated to exclusively performing the original lyrics and unaltered stories by Tove Jansson. This band is led by Pohjola on piano, with vocalists Mirja Mäkelä and Eeppi Ursin. Independent musical interpretations of the Moomins have been made for the nineties anime , by Pierre Kartner , with translated versions being made including in Poland and the Nordic countries . Their lyrics, however, often contain simple slogans and

4650-494: Is largely credited with popularizing anime in the Western world during the early 1990s, before anime was further popularized by television shows such as Pokémon and Dragon Ball Z in the late 1990s. By 1997, Japanese anime was the fastest-growing genre in the American video industry. The growth of the Internet later provided international audiences with an easy way to access Japanese content. Early on, online piracy played

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4800-449: Is now its largest industry sector). By 2025 the anime industry is expected to reach a value of $ 30 billion with over 60% of that revenue coming from overseas. Japan External Trade Organization (JETRO) valued the domestic anime market in Japan at ¥2.4 trillion ( $ 24 billion ), including ¥2 trillion from licensed products, in 2005. JETRO reported sales of overseas anime exports in 2004 to be ¥2 trillion ( $ 18 billion ). JETRO valued

4950-412: Is sometimes mistakenly classified as a genre itself. In Japanese, the term anime is used to refer to all animated works, regardless of style or origin. English-language dictionaries typically define anime ( / ˈ æ n ɪ m eɪ / ) as "a style of Japanese animation" or as "a style of animation originating in Japan". Other definitions are based on origin, making production in Japan a requisite for

5100-854: Is the Moomin Theme Park especially for children. Moomin World is located on the island of Kailo beside the old town of Naantali , near the city of Turku in Western Finland . The blueberry-coloured Moomin House is the main attraction; tourists are allowed to freely visit all five stories. It is also possible to see the Hemulen's yellow house, Moominmama's kitchen, the Fire Station, Snufkin's Camp, Moominpappa's boat, etc. Visitors may also meet Moomin characters there. Moomin World opens for

5250-480: Is used to distinguish and identify Japanese animation. Emakimono and shadow plays ( kage-e ) are considered precursors of Japanese animation. Emakimono was common in the eleventh century. Traveling storytellers narrated legends and anecdotes while the emakimono was unrolled from the right to left in chronological order, as a moving panorama. Kage-e was popular during the Edo period and originated from

5400-524: The Kirby's Adventure era. Compared to the main anime, it was more faithful to the original games, featuring boss characters from the games that did not appear in the main anime and Meta Knight as an enemy. The world of the anime differs from that of the games, as, while it still takes place on the planet of Popstar, it mainly takes place in Pupu Village. Due to the policy of not having humans as part of

5550-533: The Guinness World Record for the "Most in-demand animated TV show" with a global demand rating 71.2 times than that of the average TV show, previously held by Attack on Titan . Anime differs from other forms of animation by its art styles, methods of animation, its production, and its process. Visually, anime works exhibit a wide variety of art styles, differing between creators, artists, and studios. While no single art style predominates anime as

5700-535: The Philippines , had fewer options for obtaining access to legal content, and therefore would still turn to online piracy. However beginning with the 2020s anime has been experiencing yet another boom in global popularity and demand due to the COVID-19 pandemic and streaming services like Netflix, Amazon Prime Video , HBO Max , Disney+ , Hulu and anime-only services like Crunchyroll and Hidive , increasing

5850-646: The Polish – Austrian puppet animation TV series , The Moomins , which was broadcast and became popular in an edited form in the United Kingdom in the 1980s. Two feature films re-use the footage of the Polish-Austrian series: Moomin and Midsummer Madness had its release in 2008, and in 2010 the Moomins appear in the first Nordic 3-D film production, with the title song by Björk , in Moomins and

6000-639: The United Kingdom wanting to get a degree in the Japanese language . The word anime alongside other Japanese pop cultural terms like shonen , shojo and isekai have been added to the Oxford English Dictionary . Various anime and manga series have influenced Hollywood in the making of numerous famous movies and characters. Hollywood itself has produced live-action adaptations of various anime series such as Ghost in

6150-450: The highest-grossing anime film worldwide until it was overtaken by Makoto Shinkai 's 2016 film Your Name . Anime films represent a large part of the highest-grossing Japanese films yearly in Japan, with 6 out of the top 10 in 2014 , 2015 and also in 2016 . Anime has to be licensed by companies in other countries in order to be legally released. While anime has been licensed by its Japanese owners for use outside Japan since at least

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6300-589: The real robot genre. Robot anime series such as Gundam and Super Dimension Fortress Macross became instant classics in the 1980s, and the genre remained one of the most popular in the following decades. The bubble economy of the 1980s spurred a new era of high-budget and experimental anime films, including Nausicaä of the Valley of the Wind (1984), Royal Space Force: The Wings of Honnêamise (1987), and Akira (1988). Neon Genesis Evangelion (1995),

6450-675: The "fathers of anime") produced numerous films, the oldest surviving of which is Kōuchi's Namakura Gatana . Many early works were lost with the destruction of Shimokawa's warehouse in the 1923 Great Kantō earthquake . By the mid-1930s, animation was well-established in Japan as an alternative format to the live-action industry. It suffered competition from foreign producers, such as Disney , and many animators, including Noburō Ōfuji and Yasuji Murata , continued to work with cheaper cutout animation rather than cel animation . Other creators, including Kenzō Masaoka and Mitsuyo Seo , nevertheless made great strides in technique, benefiting from

6600-478: The 1960s and 1970s, when Tove and Lars Jansson produced a series of Moomin dramas for Swedish Television. The simple, yet effective melodies by Tauro were well received by the theater and TV audiences. The first songs were either sung unaccompanied or accompanied by a pianist. While the most famous Moomin songs in Scandinavia are undoubtedly "Moomintroll's Song" and "Little My's Song", they appear in no context in

6750-456: The 1960s with the works of cartoonist Osamu Tezuka and spread in following decades, developing a large domestic audience. Anime is distributed theatrically, through television broadcasts, directly to home media , and over the Internet . In addition to original works, anime are often adaptations of Japanese comics ( manga ), light novels , or video games . It is classified into numerous genres targeting various broad and niche audiences. Anime

6900-537: The 1960s, the practice became well-established in the United States in the late 1970s to early 1980s, when such TV series as Gatchaman and Captain Harlock were licensed from their Japanese parent companies for distribution in the US market. The trend towards American distribution of anime continued into the 1980s with the licensing of titles such as Voltron and the 'creation' of new series such as Robotech through

7050-534: The 1980s and 1990s. These mass imports influenced anime popularity in Latin American , Arabic and German markets. The beginning of 1980 saw the introduction of Japanese anime series into the American culture. In the 1990s, Japanese animation slowly gained popularity in America. Media companies such as Viz and Mixx began publishing and releasing animation into the American market. The 1988 film Akira

7200-432: The 1990s, a comic book version of Moomin was produced in Scandinavia after Dennis Livson and Lars Jansson's animated series was shown on television. Neither Tove nor Lars Jansson had any involvement in these comic books; however, in the wake of the series, two new Moomin comic strips were launched under the artistic and content oversight of Lars and his daughter, Sophia Jansson-Zambra . Sophia now provides sole oversight for

7350-438: The 1990s. Since this practice raises concerns for copyright and piracy issues, fansubbers tend to adhere to an unwritten moral code to destroy or no longer distribute an anime once an official translated or subtitled version becomes licensed. They also try to encourage viewers to buy an official copy of the release once it comes out in English, although fansubs typically continue to circulate through file-sharing networks. Even so,

7500-471: The 2020s anime songs have experienced a rapid growth in global online popularity due to their widened availability on music streaming services like Spotify and promotion by fans and artists on social media. In 2023, the opening theme " Idol " by Yoasobi of the anime series Oshi no Ko topped the Billboard Global 200 Excl. U.S. charts with 45.7 million streams and 24,000 copies sold outside

7650-417: The 3DCG-related staff section. Before the anime aired on TV, a short episode was produced as a pilot, with a DVD including it distributed as a supplement in the game magazine Famitsu Cube+Advance (a now defunct sister magazine to Famitsu ) to celebrate the release of Kirby Air Ride in Japan. The episode was animated entirely in 3DCG, except for the backgrounds and some effects, and used Kirby's design from

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7800-533: The Comet Chase . The animated film titled Moomins on the Riviera is based on Moomin comic strip story Moomin on the Riviera and was first released on 10 October 2014 in Finland and made its premiere on 11 October 2014 at BFI London Film Festival in United Kingdom. In an October 2014 blog article at Screendaily , Sophia Jansson states that the film's "artistic team has made an effort to be true to

7950-667: The Comet Chase (2010). The lyrics were written by the Icelandic writer Sjón . In 2010, Russian composer Lex Plotnikoff (founder of symphonic metal band Mechanical Poet ) released a new-age music album Hattifatteners: Stories from the Clay Shore , accompanied by photos of moomin characters models by photographer/sculptor Tisha Razumovsky. Due to copyright issues, the album was later re-released as Mistland Prattlers , with references to Moomins removed. Several stage productions have been made from Jansson's Moomin series, including

8100-518: The DVD format which offered the unique advantages; including multiple subtitling and dubbing tracks on the same disc. The DVD format also has its drawbacks in its usage of region coding ; adopted by the industry to solve licensing, piracy and export problems and restricted region indicated on the DVD player. The Video CD (VCD) format was popular in Hong Kong and Taiwan, but became only a minor format in

8250-541: The Finish! DVD. Michael Haigney stated in an interview that the Fox Network refused to air the episode "A Dental Dilemma" because it depicted dentists in a bad light and could scare children, despite being meant to encourage them to brush their teeth and go to a dentist if they thought they had a cavity. This applied to all other countries that used the 4Kids dub. The episode was eventually dubbed, but aired as part of

8400-485: The Galaxy Soldier Army to fight against evil and defeat Nightmare. Despite their efforts, they were unable to defeat his endless supply of monsters and the surviving Star Warriors retreated to the edges of the universe, where they still sought to defeat Nightmare. Nightmare established the corporate empire NightMare Enterprises (Holy Nightmare Co. in the Japanese version), which created monsters and expanded its power by selling them to villains and money-hungry people throughout

8550-549: The Global TV Demand Awards. Attack on Titan became the first ever non-English language series to earn the title of "World's Most In-Demand TV Show", previously held by only The Walking Dead and Game of Thrones . In 2024, the anime series Jujutsu Kaisen won the award of "Most In-Demand TV Series in the World 2023" in the Global TV Demand Awards. Rising interest in anime as well as Japanese video games has led to an increase of university students in

8700-465: The Internet has led some animators to distribute works online in a format called " original net animation " (ONA). The home distribution of anime releases was popularized in the 1980s with the VHS and LaserDisc formats. The VHS NTSC video format used in both Japan and the United States is credited with aiding the rising popularity of anime in the 1990s. The LaserDisc and VHS formats were transcended by

8850-454: The Japanese film market, above the 4.6% market share for live-action works. The popularity and success of anime is seen through the profitability of the DVD market, contributing nearly 70% of total sales. According to a 2016 article on Nikkei Asian Review , Japanese television stations have bought over ¥60 billion worth of anime from production companies "over the past few years", compared with under ¥20 billion from overseas. There has been

9000-514: The Japanese version), where Kirby befriends siblings Tiff and Tuff (Fumu and Bun in the Japanese version) and the residents of Cappy Town. With their help, he fights the monsters to one day defeat Nightmare. As in the games, Kirby can inhale enemies to temporarily gain their powers and transform into forms such as Fire Kirby and Sword Kirby. The ruler of Dream Land, King Dedede , is suspicious of Kirby, and, along with his right-hand man Escargoon, often attempts to eliminate him with monsters provided by

9150-531: The Moominhouse by Tove Jansson historian Ant O'Neill was premiered in a reading at the ArchWay With Words literary festival on 25 September 2017. The books and comic strips have been translated from their original Swedish and English respectively into many languages. The Book about Moomin, Mymble and Little My is the first Moomin book to be adapted for iPad . The Moomins also appeared in

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9300-520: The Moomins was located at Scandinavia House , New York City , from November 11, 2006, till March 31, 2007. Akebono Children's Forest Park ( あけぼの子どもの森公園 , Akebono Kodomo no Mori Kōen ) , also called "Moomin Valley", is a Moomin themed park for children in Hannō, Saitama in Japan that opened in July, 1997. Tove Jansson had already in the 1970s given her personal permission to the city of Hannō to build

9450-514: The Movie: Mugen Train became the highest-grossing Japanese film and one of the world's highest-grossing films of 2020. It also became the fastest grossing film in Japanese cinema, because in 10 days it made 10 billion yen ($ 95.3m; £72m). It beat the previous record of Spirited Away which took 25 days. In 2021, the anime adaptations of Jujutsu Kaisen , Demon Slayer: Kimetsu no Yaiba and Tokyo Revengers were among

9600-486: The Shell , Death Note , Dragon Ball Evolution and Cowboy Bebop . However most of these adaptations have been reviewed negatively by both the critics and the audience and have become box-office flops . The main reasons for the unsuccessfulness of Hollywood's adaptions of anime being the often change of plot and characters from the original source material and the limited capabilities a live-action movie or series can do in comparison to an animated counterpart. One of

9750-540: The Snork Maiden , Snufkin and Little My are accepted into or attach themselves to the family group from time to time, generally living separate lives in the surrounding Moominvalley , where the series is set, and in which the Moomin family decides to live at the end of The Moomins and the Great Flood . Critics have interpreted various Moomin characters as being inspired by real people, especially members of

9900-712: The Summer season. On December 26, 2020, the underground Moomin Ice Cave theme park was opened 30 meters underneath the Spa Hotel Vesileppis in Leppävirta (56 kilometres (35 mi) south of Kuopio ). The Moomin Ice Cave includes Moomin-themed ice sculptures , downhill skiing and other activities for families with children. The Moominvalley of the Tampere Art Museum is a museum devoted to

10050-542: The U.S. "Idol" has become the first Japanese song and anime song to top the Billboard Global chart as well as taking the first spot on the Apple Music 's Top 100: Global chart. Anime are often classified by target demographic, including children's ( 子供 , kodomo ) , girls' ( 少女 , shōjo ) , boys' ( 少年 , shōnen ) , young men ( 青年 , Seinen ) , young women ( 女性 , josei ) and

10200-555: The United States by 4Kids Entertainment Home Video and distributed by Funimation . The companies first released the anime in three volumes on VHS and DVD (alongside a fourth volume that was cancelled), each containing three episodes: In June 2005, 4Kids and Funimation released an edit of the last five episodes of the anime combined into a movie, called Kirby: Fright to the Finish!! . Also in 2005, 4Kids and Funimation released two DVDs as part of 4Kids' "DVDouble-Shot" anime, which each contained two episodes. For Kirby , each DVD focused on

10350-596: The United States that was closely associated with bootleg copies. A key characteristic of many anime television shows is serialization, where a continuous story arc stretches over multiple episodes or seasons. Traditional American television had an episodic format, with each episode typically consisting of a self-contained story. In contrast, anime shows such as Dragon Ball Z had a serialization format, where continuous story arcs stretch over multiple episodes or seasons, which distinguished them from traditional American television shows; serialization has since also become

10500-408: The United States was worth approximately $ 2.74 billion in 2009. Dubbed animation began airing in the United States in 2000 on networks like The WB and Cartoon Network 's Adult Swim . In 2005, this resulted in five of the top ten anime titles having previously aired on Cartoon Network. As a part of localization, some editing of cultural references may occur to better follow the references of

10650-683: The United States, the anime aired on FoxBox from September 2002 to November 2006, with episodes being released in Europe on the Kirby TV Channel for the Wii and on Kirby's Dream Collection , also for the Wii. The anime follows Kirby , who possesses the ability to temporarily gain magical powers by sucking up their owners. After crash-landing on the planet of Popstar and befriending siblings Tiff and Tuff , Kirby and his friends fight to bring down

10800-455: The Viking and Barbapapa , which aired in various countries. Italy , Spain , and France grew a particular interest in Japan's output, due to its cheap selling price and productive output. As of 2014, Italy imported the most anime outside Japan. Anime and manga were introduced to France in the late 1970s and became massively popular in spite of a moral panic led by French politicians in

10950-586: The Warp Star", which were aired near the middle as the television special "Air Ride in Style" to promote Kirby Air Ride . Since these episodes were at a major climax in the anime, some scenes were edited to make it appear as if Tiff and Kirby were having a "prophetic dream" rather than the events actually happening. However, the episodes were placed in the original order and unedited on the Kirby: Fright to

11100-688: The Year . In the United States, anime films compete in the Crunchyroll Anime Awards . There were also the American Anime Awards , which were designed to recognize excellence in anime titles nominated by the industry, and were held only once in 2006. Anime productions have also been nominated and won awards not exclusively for anime, like the Academy Award for Best Animated Feature or the Golden Bear . In recent years,

11250-406: The anime merchandising market was valued at about $ 950 million with the figurine segment accounting for most of the share and is expected to reach a value of over $ 2 billion by 2030. The global anime market size was valued at $ 26.055 billion in 2021 with 29% of the revenue coming from merchandise . It is expected that the global anime market will reach a value of $ 47.14 billion by 2028. By 2030

11400-475: The anime as "more pandering kiddy fluff from the Fox Box". Bamboo Dong of Anime News Network cited Kirby: Right Back at Ya! as one of several examples of anime anime that "exist only to be made fun of" and stated that "the anime really isn't that good at all" and would only be enjoyed by loyal Kirby fans. Anime Anime ( Japanese : アニメ , IPA: [aꜜɲime] ) (a term derived from

11550-461: The anime featured metafictional elements. Episode 49 deals with the harshness of the anime production scene and the degradation of the drawings' quality, while episode 89 satirizes the decline of cel animation due to the development of 3DCG technology and moe and otaku culture. The anime was licensed by 4Kids Productions and dubbed into English for North America under the title Kirby: Right Back at Ya! . The official English website featured

11700-510: The anime industry has been accused by both Japanese and foreign media of underpaying and overworking its animators. In response the Japanese Prime Minister Fumio Kishida promised to improve the working conditions and salary of all animators and creators working in the industry. A few anime studios such as MAPPA have taken actions to improve the working conditions of their employees. There has also been

11850-498: The anime market in the United States at ¥520 billion ( $ 5.2 billion ), including $ 500 million in home video sales and over $ 4 billion from licensed products, in 2005. JETRO projected in 2005 that the worldwide anime market, including sales of licensed products, would grow to ¥10 trillion ( $ 100 billion ). The anime market in China was valued at $ 21 billion in 2017, and is projected to reach $ 31 billion by 2020. In Europe

12000-633: The anime was removed from the air. Since 2009, the anime was available for streaming via the Wii no Ma channel for the Wii in Japan, with each episode worth 100 Wii Points, but on April 30, 2012, Nintendo terminated broadcast of the Wii no Ma channel. On June 23, 2011, the anime was made available in Europe and Australia audiences on the Wii as the Kirby TV Channel , which expired on December 15, 2011. This service returned in April 2012. A special CG animated episode, "Take it Down!! The Crustation Monster Ebizou" ( 倒せ!!甲殻魔獣エビゾウ , Taose!! Kōkaku Majū Ebizou ) ,

12150-495: The anime's run, and were instead released on DVD as the movie Kirby: Fright to the Finish! . Some episodes were aired out of their original order, sometimes to air a holiday-themed episode closer to that holiday or to coincide with an event happening at the time. For example, "A Novel Approach", which parodied Harry Potter , was moved to coincide with the release of one of the books. Some episodes were aired earlier to promote new Kirby games, such as episodes 96 and 97, "Crisis of

12300-653: The anime, such as the Star Warriors. Due to differences in style and worldbuilding, many characters had their personalities changed. While the anime followed Kirby's battles with monsters and the battle against Nightmare while revealing more about the Star Warriors, over time it began to incorporate more social satire and parodies. These episodes covered topics such as famine , global warming , ozone depletion , environmental issues, illegal dumping , education concerns, falsified information on TV shows, tourist morale, abandoned pets, restructuring , government focusing on

12450-546: The anime, with the song “Checker Knights” later appearing in Super Smash Bros. Brawl , with Miyagawa credited. Some arranged songs were included on the Kirby & the Amazing Mirror Sound+ music CD. After the anime ended, some of its character and copy ability-related traits were later used in the games. The anime used 3DCG rendering for characters such as Kirby, King Dedede and Escargoon, which

12600-459: The atmosphere of the work. The backgrounds are not always invented and are occasionally based on real locations, as exemplified in Howl's Moving Castle and The Melancholy of Haruhi Suzumiya . Oppliger stated that anime is one of the rare mediums where putting together an all-star cast usually comes out looking "tremendously impressive". The cinematic effects of anime differentiates itself from

12750-418: The author's family, and Tove Jansson spoke in interviews about the backgrounds of, and possible models for, her characters. The first two books about the Moomins ( The Moomins and the Great Flood and Comet in Moominland ) were published in 1945 and 1946 respectively, and deal with natural disasters; they were influenced by the upheavals of war and Jansson's depression during the war years. The reception of

12900-514: The cast, and he likened it to the Finnish anime Moomins , which was popular in Japan. Initially, the anime' background music was original music composed by Akira Miyagawa. However, from episode 33 onwards, music from previous Kirby games was used, mainly from Kirby's Dream Land and Kirby Super Star , as well as Kirby Air Ride around the time of its release, arranged to fit the anime' style . Kirby Air Ride also featured some songs from

13050-486: The cast, most of the characters are one to three heads tall, with all but the main characters resembling haniwa figures. The characters, mainly the monsters, from the games are derived from the original Kirby's Dream Land , Kirby's Adventure and the port Nightmare in Dream Land , Kirby's Dream Land 2 , Kirby's Dream Land 3 , and Kirby Super Star . However, it also introduces characters and concepts original to

13200-554: The character Too-Ticky in Moominland Midwinter . Moomintroll and Little My have been seen as psychological self-portraits of the artist. The Moomins, generally speaking, relate strongly to Jansson's own family – they were bohemian , lived close to nature and were very tolerant towards diversity . Moominpappa and Moominmamma are often seen as portraits of Jansson's parents Viktor Jansson and Signe Hammarsten-Jansson . Most of Jansson's characters are on

13350-426: The comedic or harem genres; due to its popularity among adolescent and adult anime enthusiasts, the inclusion of such elements is considered a form of fan service . Some genres explore homosexual romances, such as yaoi (male homosexuality) and yuri (female homosexuality). While often used in a pornographic context, the terms yaoi and yuri can also be used broadly in a wider context to describe or focus on

13500-520: The company. Nightmare is ultimately defeated when Kirby and Tiff confront him in a dream and Kirby swallows the Warp Star to become Star Rod Kirby, using the Star Rod to defeat him. The original creator of the franchise, Masahiro Sakurai , was in charge of supervising the anime, with planning and production beginning around 2000, coinciding with the development of Super Smash Bros. Melee . In an interview with Famitsu , Sakurai stated, "I've had

13650-582: The construction of public buildings, and the Japanese Paleolithic hoax . The anime also featured parodies and homages to works of fiction, including films such as Psycho , Roman Holiday , Modern Times , Ikiru , Jurassic Park , Gone with the Wind , Mothra , and King Kong and literary works such as Don Quixote , Nineteen Eighty-Four , and Harry Potter and the Philosopher's Stone . In addition to social satire,

13800-439: The early 20th century, when filmmakers started to experiment with techniques pioneered in France, Germany, the United States, and Russia. A claim for the earliest Japanese animation is Katsudō Shashin ( c.  1907 ), a private work by an unknown creator. In 1917, the first professional and publicly displayed works began to appear; animators such as Ōten Shimokawa , Seitarō Kitayama , and Jun'ichi Kōuchi (considered

13950-451: The early-2010s due to the advent of legal streaming services which simulcast new anime series often within a few hours of their domestic release. Since the 2010s, anime has become a global multibillion industry setting a sales record in 2017 of ¥2.15 trillion ($ 19.8 billion), driven largely by demand from overseas audiences. In 2019, Japan's anime industry was valued at $ 24 billion a year with 48% of that revenue coming from overseas (which

14100-416: The evil emperor Nightmare while evading King Dedede and his assistant Escargoon, who seek to eliminate Kirby using monsters provided by NightMare Enterprises. Long ago, the evil emperor of darkness Nightmare created armies of monsters and sent them across the universe in order to conquer it, but over time, some began to rebel against him. Sir Meta Knight and other Star Warriors, who fought for good, formed

14250-461: The few particular exceptions to this includes Alita: Battle Angel , which has become a moderate commercial success, receiving generally positive reviews from both the critics and the audience for its visual effects and following the source material. The movie grossed $ 404 million worldwide, making it director Robert Rodriguez 's highest-grossing film. Anime and manga alongside many other imports of Japanese pop culture have helped Japan to gain

14400-409: The final e , to cue the reader to pronounce the letter, not to leave it silent as English orthography may suggest. Prior to the widespread use of anime , the term Japanimation , a portmanteau of Japan and animation, was prevalent throughout the 1970s and 1980s. In the mid-1980s, the term anime began to supplant Japanimation ; in general, the latter term now only appears in period works where it

14550-427: The final episodes happened to coincide with it. Director Sōji Yoshikawa spoke about the challenges faced by the anime' creators, expressing concern that most anime adaptations of video games did not work well, but felt that it could be successful. He added that it was difficult to have a main character who did not speak, as well as creating unique settings and characters. Kirby was unusual because it had no humans in

14700-403: The first televised and first color anime to debut. It was not until the 1960s when the first televised series were broadcast and it has remained a popular medium since. Works released in a direct-to-video format are called " original video animation " (OVA) or "original animation video" (OAV); and are typically not released theatrically or televised prior to home media release. The emergence of

14850-825: The first time in history. The anime industry has several annual awards that honor the year's best works. Major annual awards in Japan include the Ōfuji Noburō Award , the Mainichi Film Award for Best Animation Film , the Animation Kobe Awards, the Japan Media Arts Festival animation awards, the Seiyu Awards for voice actors, the Tokyo Anime Award and the Japan Academy Prize for Animation of

15000-401: The first two Moomin books was lukewarm at first; the second book got a little more attention than its predecessor, but its sales figures were still poor. The third book, Finn Family Moomintroll , which was the first Moomin book translated into English, became the first international bestseller. Tove Jansson's life partner was the graphic artist Tuulikki Pietilä , whose personality inspired

15150-469: The form of comic strips . Their first appearance was in 1947 in the children's section of the Ny Tid newspaper, and they were introduced internationally to English readers in 1954 in the popular London newspaper The Evening News . Tove Jansson drew and wrote all the strips until 1959. She shared the work load with her brother Lars Jansson until 1961; after that he took over the job until 1975 when

15300-422: The global anime market is expected to reach a value of $ 48.3 Billion with the largest contributors to this growth being North America , Europe, Asia–Pacific and The Middle East . The global anime market size was valued at $ 25.8 Billion in 2022 and is expected to have a market size of $ 62.7 Billion by 2032 with a CAGR of 9.4%. In 2019, the annual overseas exports of Japanese animation exceeded $ 10 billion for

15450-450: The head; many chibi characters are two to four heads tall. Some anime works like Crayon Shin-chan completely disregard these proportions, in such a way that they resemble caricatured Western cartoons . A common anime character design convention is exaggerated eye size. The animation of characters with large eyes in anime can be traced back to Osamu Tezuka, who was deeply influenced by such early animation characters as Betty Boop , who

15600-462: The incorporation of slapstick humor in the crime anime film Castle of Cagliostro . Other subgenres found in anime include magical girl , harem, sports, martial arts, literary adaptations, medievalism , and war. Early anime works were made for theatrical viewing, and required played musical components before sound and vocal components were added to the production. In 1958, Nippon Television aired Mogura no Abanchūru (" Mole's Adventure "), both

15750-501: The industry, including the improvement of conditions of the workers. Anime has become commercially profitable in Western countries , as demonstrated by early commercially successful Western adaptations of anime, such as Astro Boy and Speed Racer . Early American adaptions in the 1960s made Japan expand into the continental European market, first with productions aimed at European and Japanese children, such as Heidi , Vicky

15900-432: The international availability of the amount of new licensed anime shows as well as the size of their catalogs. Netflix reported that, between October 2019 and September 2020, more than 100 million member households worldwide had watched at least one anime title on the platform. Anime titles appeared on the streaming platform's top-ten lists in almost 100 countries within the one-year period. As of 2021, anime series are

16050-404: The laid back regulations of the Japanese animation industry tend to overlook these issues, allowing it to grow underground and thus increasing its popularity until there is a demand for official high-quality releases for animation companies. This has led to an increase in global popularity of Japanese animation, reaching $ 40 million in sales in 2004. Fansub practices have rapidly declined since

16200-608: The last strip was released. Drawn & Quarterly , a Canadian graphic novel publisher, released reprints of all The Evening News strips created by both Tove and Lars Jansson beginning in October 2006. The first five volumes, Moomin: The Complete Tove Jansson Comic Strip have been published, whilst the sixth volume, published in May 2011, began Moomin: The Complete Lars Jansson Comic Strip . The 2015 publication Moomin: The Deluxe Anniversary Edition collected all of Tove's work. In

16350-497: The lips. Modern anime follows a typical animation production process, involving storyboarding , voice acting , character design , and cel production . Since the 1990s, animators have increasingly used computer animation to improve the efficiency of the production process. Early anime works were experimental, and consisted of images drawn on blackboards, stop motion animation of paper cutouts, and silhouette animation . Cel animation grew in popularity until it came to dominate

16500-464: The medium's style. Three Tales (1960) was the first anime film broadcast on television; the first anime television series was Instant History (1961–64). An early and influential success was Astro Boy (1963–66), a television series directed by Tezuka based on his manga of the same name . Many animators at Tezuka's Mushi Production later established major anime studios (including Madhouse , Sunrise , and Pierrot ). The 1970s saw growth in

16650-447: The medium. In the 21st century, the use of other animation techniques is mostly limited to independent short films , including the stop motion puppet animation work produced by Tadahito Mochinaga , Kihachirō Kawamoto and Tomoyasu Murata. Computers were integrated into the animation process in the 1990s, with works such as Ghost in the Shell and Princess Mononoke mixing cel animation with computer-generated images. Fuji Film ,

16800-413: The most demanded foreign-language television shows in the United States accounting for 30.5% of the market share. (In comparison, Spanish-language and Korean-language shows account for 21% and 11% of the market share, respectively.) In 2021 more than half of Netflix's global members watched anime. In 2022, the anime series Attack on Titan won the award of "Most In-Demand TV Series in the World 2021" in

16950-529: The move of many characters of the anime and manga series Naruto . In April 2021, Peruvian politicians Jorge Hugo Romero of the PPC and Milagros Juárez of the UPP cosplayed as anime characters to get the otaku vote. On October 28, 2024, The Vatican unveiled its own anime-styled mascot, " Luce ", in order to connect with Catholic youth through pop culture. Moomins In all, nine books were released in

17100-422: The music is written in a children's pop music style and contrast sharply with the original Moomin novels and Jansson's pictorial and descriptive, yet rhyming lyricism, as well as Erna Tauro's Scandinavian-style songs ( visor ), which are occasionally influenced by Kurt Weill . A Moomin opera was written in 1974 by the Finnish composer Ilkka Kuusisto ; Jansson designed the costumes. Musicscapes from Moominvalley

17250-637: The music-themed adventure game Snufkin: Melody of Moominvalley was announced. The game features Snufkin as the protagonist, as he attempts to restore harmony within Moominvalley. The game is developed by Norwegian-based indie game company Hyper Games. The game's soundtrack features music from Icelandic post-rock band Sigur Rós , taken from their 2002 album ( ) . The game was released for Steam and Nintendo Switch in 2024. Moomin World ( Muumimaailma in Finnish, Muminvärlden in Swedish)

17400-407: The non-Japanese culture. The cost of English localization averages US$ 10,000 per episode. The industry has been subject to both praise and condemnation for fansubs , the addition of unlicensed and unauthorized subtitled translations of anime series or films. Fansubs, which were originally distributed on VHS bootlegged cassettes in the 1980s, have been freely available and disseminated online since

17550-547: The novels. The original songs by Jansson and Tauro remained scattered after their initial release. The first recording of the complete collection was made in 2003 by composer and arranger Mika Pohjola on the Moomin Voices CD ( Muminröster in Swedish), as a tribute to the late Tove Jansson. Tauro had died in June 1993 and some of Jansson's last lyrics were composed by Pohjola in cooperation with Jansson's heirs. Pohjola

17700-559: The original drawings and the original text". The Moomin novels describe the musical activities of the Moomins, particularly those of Snufkin, his harmonica with "trills" and "twiddles". All Moomin characters sing songs, often about their thoughts and themselves. The songs often serve as core statements of the characters' personalities. This music was heard outside Moominvalley after they went live on theater stage in Stockholm . Director Vivica Bandler told Jansson in 1959: "Listen, here

17850-400: The original stories. The songs are performed by Samuli Edelmann , Sani, Tommi Läntinen , Susanna Haavisto and Jore Marjaranta and other established Finnish vocalists in the pop/entertainment genre. The same twenty compositions are also available as standalone multimedia CD postcards. The Icelandic singer Björk has composed and performed the title song (Comet Song) for the film Moomins and

18000-469: The original works of Tove Jansson. It contains around 2,000 works. The museum is based on the Moomin books and has many original Moomin illustrations by Tove Jansson. The gem of the collection is a blue five-storey model of the Moominhouse, which had Tove Jansson as one of its builders. As a birthday present, the 20-year-old museum received a soundscape work based on the works of Tove Jansson, called Musicscapes from Moominvalley. An interactive playroom about

18150-490: The patronage of the government, which employed animators to produce educational shorts and propaganda . In 1940, the government dissolved several artists' organizations to form the Shin Nippon Mangaka Kyōkai . The first talkie anime was Chikara to Onna no Yo no Naka (1933), a short film produced by Masaoka. The first feature-length anime film was Momotaro: Sacred Sailors (1945), produced by Seo with

18300-675: The people want songs". The earlier version of the play was cast in Helsinki with no music. Helsinki based pianist and composer Erna Tauro was commissioned to write the songs to lyrics by Jansson. The first collection consisted of six Moomin Songs ( Sex muminvisor ): Moomintroll's Song ( Mumintrollets visa ), Little My's Song ( Lilla Mys visa ), Mrs. Fillyjonk's Song ( Fru Filifjonks sång ), Theater Rat Emma's Words of Wisdom ( Teaterråttan Emmas visdomsord ), Misabel's Lament ( Misans klagolåt ) and Final Song ( Slutsång ). More songs were published in

18450-439: The popularity of manga, many of which were later animated. Tezuka's work—and that of other pioneers in the field—inspired characteristics and genres that remain fundamental elements of anime today. The giant robot genre (also known as " mecha "), for instance, took shape under Tezuka, developed into the super robot genre under Go Nagai and others, and was revolutionized at the end of the decade by Yoshiyuki Tomino , who developed

18600-475: The production of as animation production support, Studio Comet's CG department produced some of the 3DCG segments independently. While many anime use digital technology primarily to save money and shorten production time, the anime used it to give the characters more expressiveness. In the ending credits of the final episode, the names of most of the people involved in A-UN's 3DCG production up to that point appeared in

18750-408: The proportions of the human body in reality. The height of the head is considered by the artist as the base unit of proportion. Head to height ratios vary drastically by art style, with most anime characters falling between 5 and 8 heads tall. Anime artists occasionally make deliberate modifications to body proportions to produce chibi characters that feature a disproportionately small body compared to

18900-402: The rise of foreign dubbed , subtitled programming, and since the 2010s due to the rise of streaming services and a widening demographic embrace of anime culture, both within Japan and worldwide. As of 2016, Japanese animation accounted for 60% of the world's animated television shows . As a type of animation , anime is an art form that comprises many genres found in other mediums; it

19050-540: The series in mind—but are also aimed at the general music market, therefore they often allude only vaguely or not at all, to the thematic settings or plot of the series. Also, they are often used as incidental music ("insert songs") in an episode, in order to highlight particularly important scenes. Future funk , a musical microgenre that evolved in the early 2010s from Vaporwave with a French house Euro disco influence, heavily uses anime visuals and samples along with Japanese City pop to build an aesthetic. Since

19200-455: The series, together with five picture books and a comic strip , between 1945 and 1993. The Moomins have inspired numerous television series , films, and two theme parks: Moomin World in Naantali , Finland , and Akebono Children's Forest Park in Hannō, Saitama , Japan . There are two different stories of how the term moomintroll was invented. On one occasion, Jansson explained that

19350-645: The shadow plays of China. Magic lanterns from the Netherlands were also popular in the eighteenth century. The paper play called kamishibai surged in the twelfth century and remained popular in the street theater until the 1930s. Puppets of the Bunraku theater and ukiyo-e prints are considered ancestors of characters of most Japanese animation. Finally, manga were a heavy inspiration for anime. Cartoonists Kitzawa Rakuten and Okamoto Ippei used film elements in their strips. Animation in Japan began in

19500-426: The stage plays found in American animation. Anime is cinematically shot as if by camera, including panning, zooming, distance and angle shots to more complex dynamic shots that would be difficult to produce in reality. In anime, the animation is produced before the voice acting, contrary to American animation which does the voice acting first. The body proportions of human anime characters tend to accurately reflect

19650-419: The strips. The story of the Moomins has been made into television series on many occasions by various groups, possibly the most well known of which is a Japanese – Dutch collaboration, that has also produced a feature-length film . However, there are also two Soviet serials, puppet animation Mumi-troll ( Moomintroll ) and cutout animation Shlyapa Volshebnika ( Magician's Hat ) of three parts each, and

19800-534: The studios are organized into a trade association , The Association of Japanese Animations . There is also a labor union for workers in the industry, the Japanese Animation Creators Association . Studios will often work together to produce more complex and costly projects, as done with Studio Ghibli's Spirited Away . An anime episode can cost between US$ 100,000 and US$ 300,000 to produce. In 2001, animation accounted for 7% of

19950-469: The term mumintroll was originally coined during her childhood by her uncle: to deter the young Jansson from taking food from his pantry, the uncle told her that it was inhabited by "cold moomintrolls", which would come out of the corners and rub their noses against Jansson if she came to steal food. The mysterious creatures would then follow Jansson as she grew up. In a letter to Paul Ariste , an Estonian linguist, Jansson wrote in 1973 that she had created

20100-540: The themes or the development of the relationships themselves. Anime's genre classification differs from other types of animation and does not lend itself to simple classification. Gilles Poitras compared the labeling of Gundam 0080 and its complex depiction of war as a "giant robot" anime akin to simply labeling War and Peace a "war novel". Science fiction is a major anime genre and includes important historical works like Tezuka's Astro Boy and Yokoyama 's Tetsujin 28-go . A major subgenre of science fiction

20250-620: The third season along with other episodes in the line-up. The anime aired on CBC and TBS from October 6, 2001, to September 27, 2003, with 100 episodes. After a preview on September 1, 2002, 4Kids aired the anime on 4Kids TV , formerly known as FoxBox, from September 14, 2002, to late 2006. The anime began rebroadcasting in Japan on June 28, 2007 on the Tokyo MX station and in the U.S. on June 21, 2008, ending along with all other 4Kids shows on December 27, 2008. On June 6, 2009, Kirby , along with Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles: Fast Forward ,

20400-405: The top 10 most discussed TV shows worldwide on Twitter. In 2022, Attack on Titan won the award of "Most In-Demand TV Series in the World 2021" in the Global TV Demand Awards. Attack on Titan became the first ever non-English language series to earn the title of World's Most In-Demand TV Show, previously held by only The Walking Dead and Game of Thrones . In 2024, Jujutsu Kaisen broke

20550-516: The universe. Some time later, Kirby was born as part of the next generation of Star Warriors, intended to gain the strength needed to fight Nightmare while sleeping in a spaceship. However, the spaceship has the ability to automatically travel to the planet where monsters are located, and, after detecting the presence of monsters on the planet of Popstar, awakens Kirby two hundred years ahead of schedule and crash-lands in Cappy Town (Pupu Village in

20700-1054: The use of source material from several original series. In the early 1990s, several companies began to experiment with the licensing of less child-oriented material. Some, such as A.D. Vision , and Central Park Media and its imprints, achieved fairly substantial commercial success and went on to become major players in the now very lucrative American anime market. Others, such as AnimEigo , achieved limited success. Many companies created directly by Japanese parent companies did not do as well, most releasing only one or two titles before completing their American operations. Licenses are expensive, often hundreds of thousands of dollars for one series and tens of thousands for one movie. The prices vary widely; for example, Jinki: Extend cost only $ 91,000 to license while Kurau Phantom Memory cost $ 960,000. Simulcast Internet streaming rights can be cheaper, with prices around $ 1,000–2,000 an episode, but can also be more expensive, with some series costing more than US$ 200,000 per episode. The anime market for

20850-508: The verge of melancholy , such as the always formal Hemulen , or the strange Hattifatteners , who travel in concerted, ominous groups. Jansson uses the differences between the characters' philosophies to provide a venue for her satirical impulses. The books in the series, in order, are: All of the books in the main series except The Moomins and the Great Flood (Originally: Småtrollen och den stora översvämningen ) were translated and published in English between 1951 and 1971. This first book

21000-560: The word moomintroll to expresses something soft: She came up with an ad hoc Swedish word mumintroll , because, in her opinion, the consonant sound of m in particular conveys a sensation of softness . As an artist, Jansson gave the Moomins a shape that also expresses softness, as opposed to flabbiness. The Moomin stories concern several eccentric and oddly-shaped characters, some of whom are related to each other. The central family consists of Moominpappa , Moominmamma and Moomintroll . Other characters, such as Hemulens , Sniff ,

21150-702: Was 6 years old when my mother took me to Japan. I felt it growing up in Hawaii, like communities across our country, home to so many proud Japanese Americans... Today is also a chance for Americans, especially our young people, to say thank you for all the things we love from Japan. Like karate and karaoke . Manga and anime. And, of course, emojis . In July 2020, after the approval of a Chilean government project in which citizens of Chile would be allowed to withdraw up to 10% of their privately held retirement savings, journalist Pamela Jiles celebrated by running through Congress with her arms spread out behind her, imitating

21300-653: Was a success, and later performances were held in Sweden and Norway, including recently at the Malmö Opera and Music Theatre in 2011. Mischief and Mystery in Moominvalley, a production created by Get Lost and Found which included puppetry and a giant pop-up book set, toured the UK from 2018, with runs at London's Southbank Centre, Kew Gardens and the Manchester Literature Festival. This production

21450-717: Was also the arranger of all songs for a vocal ensemble and chamber orchestra. All voices were sung by Åland native vocalist, Johanna Grüssner . The same recording has been released in a Finnish version in 2005, Muumilauluja . The Finnish lyrics were translated by Kirsi Kunnas and Vexi Salmi . The Swedish and Finnish recordings of Moomin Voices, and their respective musical scores, have been used as course material at Berklee College of Music in Boston , Massachusetts. The Moomin Voices Live Band (aka. Muumilauluja-bändi )

21600-466: Was created in Softimage 3D and handled by A-UN Entertainment, with employees from Overlord Inc. moving to A-UN to help with production. By applying the advanced synthesis technology developed by Nintendo and HAL Laboratory in the development of video game software to the production of the anime, they were able to better combine hand-drawn and 3DCG animation. For some episodes that Studio Comet aided in

21750-403: Was drawn with disproportionately large eyes. Tezuka is a central figure in anime and manga history, whose iconic art style and character designs allowed for the entire range of human emotions to be depicted solely through the eyes. The artist adds variable color shading to the eyes and particularly to the cornea to give them greater depth. Generally, a mixture of a light shade, the tone color, and

21900-496: Was eventually translated into English in 2005 by David McDuff and published by Schildts of Finland for the 60th anniversary of the series. A later 2012 version of the same translation, featuring Jansson's new preface to the 1991 Scandinavian printing, was published in Britain by Sort of Books , and was more widely distributed. There are also five Moomin picture books by Tove Jansson: The first official translation of Villain in

22050-517: Was rebroadcast in the US on The CW4Kids . The anime was available on 4Kids's video on demand service and www.4Kids.tv, but was removed from the 4Kids TV website in October 2009, as 4Kids Entertainment held the rights to the anime until September 2009. A moderator on the 4Kids forums stated in November 2009 that 4Kids no longer held the license. Since May 21, 2009, the Tokyo MX website had stated that

22200-562: Was released for the Wii no Ma service in Japan on August 9, 2009. A stereoscopic 3D version of the episode was streamed internationally in two parts on the Nintendo 3DS ' Nintendo Video service in January 2012, under the title "Kirby 3D". Three episodes were included in the Kirby 20th anniversary compilation game Kirby's Dream Collection for Wii. The anime was released on DVD and VHS in

22350-562: Was released on Blu-ray in Japan on March 14, 2023. David Sanchez from GameZone found the anime "awesome" and specifically praised Escargoon, whom he called "one of the best contributions to the Kirby franchise thanks to his dimwitted attitude and obvious stupidity" and suggested should be in the fourth Super Smash Bros. game . However, Common Sense Media described the English dub as "a stab at educational value, but really all about fighting monsters", Christina Carpenter from THEM Anime described

22500-538: Was written by Emma Edwards and Sophie Ellen Powell with puppets and set designed and made by Annie Brooks. In 1997, Muumit ja Taikurin hattu  [ fi ] ( The Moomins and the Hobgoblin's Hat ) was developed by Norsk Strek AS and published by WSOY , later Nordic Softsales. It was only released for the PC . In 2000, Moomin's Tale , developed and published by Sunsoft , was released for Game Boy Color . The game

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