The Cardinal Newman Society is an American 501(c)(3) tax-exempt, nonprofit organization founded in 1993 whose stated purpose is to promote and defend faithful Catholic education. The organization is guided by Cardinal John Henry Newman 's The Idea of a University and Pope John Paul II 's 1990 Apostolic Constitution Ex Corde Ecclesiae . The organization publishes The Newman Guide to Choosing a Catholic College . However, it has been criticized for adopting views that Newman would have opposed.
124-397: The society was founded in 1993 by Fordham University alumnus Patrick Reilly. After decisions by Fordham to recognize pro-choice and gay student clubs and create a counseling helpline which referred pregnant students to an abortion provider, Reilly used his position as editor of the school paper to express his opinions in defense of Catholic teaching on sexuality and abortion. Reilly launched
248-823: A BFA program in dance, in conjunction with the Alvin Ailey American Dance Theater ; as well as cross-registration opportunities with the Juilliard School for advanced music students. Master's and doctoral degrees are offered through the Graduate School of Arts and Sciences , the School of Law , the Graduate School of Education, the Graduate School of Social Service , the Gabelli School of Business, and
372-480: A 26,000-signature petition that called the choice of Sebelius "insulting to faithful Catholics and their bishops who are engaged in the fight for religious liberty and against abortion." Sebelius personally supports abortion and has upheld the mandate in the Affordable Care Act requiring all institutions, including Catholic colleges, to provide birth control coverage. The Archdiocese of Washington sent
496-572: A basis of education. Undergraduate students are expected to have finished most of the core requirements as a sophomore ; a wide variety of courses can be applied to satisfy the requirements. Upon the completion of the Core Curriculum, students choose from approximately 50 major courses of study, in which they will receive their degree. One option is the "personalized interdisciplinary major", which allows students to create their own course of study across various disciplines. In addition to
620-405: A combination of new taxes and cuts to Medicare provider rates and Medicare Advantage . Several Congressional Budget Office (CBO) reports said that overall these provisions reduced the budget deficit , that repealing ACA would increase the deficit, and that the law reduced income inequality by taxing primarily the top 1% to fund roughly $ 600 in benefits on average to families in the bottom 40% of
744-503: A community of scholars for justice, offers a Great Books curriculum with seminar-style classes and a senior research thesis in each student's major. Most honors students are inducted into the programs upon admission to the university, though some are invited at the end of their first year. Each program has a designated study space for its members, including Alpha House for the Fordham College Honors Program and
868-523: A distribution of 17 courses in nine disciplines: English , mathematical/computational reasoning, social science , philosophy and ethics, history, fine arts , religious studies , natural science , and modern or Classical languages. Based on the curriculum established by the Society of Jesus in the sixteenth century, the Core is shared by Jesuit schools all over the world and emphasizes the liberal arts as
992-603: A full academic year and vary in focus from cultural and language immersion to internship and service learning. Some of the programs are organized by Fordham itself, such as those in London, United Kingdom; Granada, Spain; and Pretoria, South Africa; while others are operated by partner institutions like Georgetown University , the University of Oxford , and the Council on International Educational Exchange (CIEE). In addition to
1116-547: A full and noble part in the great adventure ahead of us. We can and we must make the atomic age an age of peace for the glory of God and the welfare of mankind." During his visit, Truman also performed the first ringing of the Fordham "victory bell," originally the ship's bell of the Japanese aircraft carrier Junyo , which was presented to the university by Fleet Admiral Chester W. Nimitz . The bell currently stands outside
1240-485: A group of Catholic scholars issued a statement calling on political leaders to consider the common good, the Newman Society attacked it saying that they were “distorting Church teaching in favor of left-leaning politics to take political shots at vice presidential nominee Paul Ryan .” In their critique, however, the Society did not "cite a single instance where the statement strays from Catholic teaching. Instead,
1364-413: A host of delivery system reforms intended to constrain healthcare costs and improve quality. After it went into effect, increases in overall healthcare spending slowed, including premiums for employer-based insurance plans. The increased coverage was due, roughly equally, to an expansion of Medicaid eligibility and to changes to individual insurance markets. Both received new spending, funded through
SECTION 10
#17327724692311488-488: A junior division (which would become Fordham Prep ), requiring four years of study in Latin, Greek, grammar, literature, history, geography, mathematics, and religion; and a senior division (i.e. the college), requiring three years study in "poetry" ( humanities ), rhetoric, and philosophy. Colonel Robert Gould Shaw , famed commander of the all- black 54th Massachusetts Volunteer Infantry American Civil War regiment, attended
1612-545: A lecture by journalist Ellen Goodman on civility in public discourse because of her views regarding abortion. In the spring of 2012, the Cardinal Newman Society listed 12 Catholic universities whose commencement speakers were considered objectionable because of their support for abortion or gay rights. Among the speakers was Kathleen Sebelius , secretary of Health and Human Services , who was invited to speak at Georgetown University . The Society presented
1736-411: A letter of rebuke to Georgetown's president on the matter. The Newman Society reports on its website that in 2011 it caused bishops to intervene in homosexual conferences at Fordham and Fairfield University. The Society has on several occasions criticized colleges for awarding Sister Elizabeth Johnson honorary degrees. Reilly said of her, "This is a person who has described the male-only priesthood as
1860-588: A major political party in the United States. Fordham was founded as St. John's College in 1841 by the Irish-born coadjutor bishop (later archbishop ) of the Diocese of New York, John Hughes . This makes it the third-oldest university in the state of New York, and the first Catholic institution of higher education in the northeastern United States. In 1839, Hughes, then 42 years old, had purchased
1984-598: A monetary penalty) and that insurers cover a list of " essential health benefits ". Before and after enactment the ACA faced strong political opposition, calls for repeal and legal challenges . In National Federation of Independent Business v. Sebelius , the Supreme Court ruled that states could choose not to participate in the law's Medicaid expansion, but upheld the law as a whole. The federal health insurance exchange, HealthCare.gov , faced major technical problems at
2108-619: A nun opposed to capital punishment and author of Dead Man Walking , claiming the Josephite nun "is out-of-line with church teaching on, of all issues, capital punishment." The organization faulted Prejean's critique of a "loophole" in the Church's teaching which permits capital punishment under limited circumstances. In 2011, due to complaints raised by the Cardinal Newman Society, Saint Francis University in Loretto, Pennsylvania cancelled
2232-618: A promise in the risk corridors program that it has yet to fulfill. Today, the court directs the Government to fulfill that promise. After all, to say to [Moda], 'The joke is on you. You shouldn't have trusted us,' is hardly worthy of our great government." Moda Health's case was appealed by the government to the United States Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit along with the appeals of the other insurers; here,
2356-420: A reclassification by Barron's Profiles of American Colleges to "Most Competitive" after being "Highly Competitive+" in its 2017 edition, and reported 74% of enrolled freshmen as ranking in the top 20% of their high school class. In 2016, the university accepted approximately 43% of all applicants across both its undergraduate and graduate programs. For the undergraduate class of 2019, Fordham accepted 20,366 of
2480-407: A sign of ‘patriarchal resistance to women’s equality. So I think she has officially challenged church teaching in ways that are beyond the pale.'” The Cardinal Newman Society is often at the center of controversy, as for example when it solicited donations to "finance a major effort to expose the heretics within our Catholic colleges," an effort which was called "red-baiting in ecclesiastical garb" by
2604-456: A sit-in on the main road leading to Rose Hill in response to an announcement that President Richard Nixon would be speaking on campus. As a result of the sit-in, Nixon was forced to cancel his plans to speak. A year later, students stormed the main administration building, occupying it for several weeks, and set fire to the Rose Hill faculty lounge. It was during this period of activism that
SECTION 20
#17327724692312728-550: A subsidy. The subsidies for an ACA plan purchased on an exchange stop at 400% of the federal poverty level (FPL). According to the Kaiser Foundation, this results in a sharp "discontinuity of treatment" at 400% FPL, which is sometimes called the "subsidy cliff". After-subsidy premiums for the second lowest cost silver plan (SCLSP) just below the cliff are 9.86% of income in 2019. Subsidies are provided as an advanceable, refundable tax credit . The amount of subsidy
2852-510: A third term. The president was cheered by crowds lining the Grand Concourse as he rode to campus, but received a "more measured welcome" from university president Robert Gannon, who was known for his "anti-Roosevelt views." However, in his welcoming remarks, Gannon respectfully referred to Roosevelt as "a man whose imprint is forever fixed on our national history." The second visit was by president Harry S. Truman on May 11, 1946, on
2976-583: A three-year Bachelor of Science degree was created. In 1897, academic regalia for students at commencement was first adopted. On June 21, 1904, the Regents of the University of the State of New York consented to allow the board of trustees to authorize the opening of a law school and a medical school. St. John's College officially became Fordham University on March 7, 1907. The name Fordham refers to
3100-431: A waiver, a state must pass legislation setting up an alternative health system that provides insurance at least as comprehensive and as affordable as ACA, covers at least as many residents and does not increase the federal deficit. These states can escape some of ACA's central requirements, including the individual and employer mandates and the provision of an insurance exchange. The state would receive compensation equal to
3224-600: A while, but there was such a need, more and more, to engage students and working with alumni and working with faculty and as we went on, it became clear that they were all looking for some kind of national voice to express the concerns that very many faithful Catholics had about the state of Catholic education.” In 1996 the United States Conference of Catholic Bishops invited the Newman Society to advise on guidelines to implement Ex corde Ecclesiae . The bishops approved final guidelines in 1999, consistent with
3348-466: Is classified among "R2: Doctoral Universities – High research activity". The Fordham University Library System contains over 2.5 million volumes and 3.1 million microforms, subscribes to 16,000 periodicals including electronic access, and has 19,300 audiovisual materials. It is a depository for 363,227 United States Government documents. In addition, the university's Interlibrary Loan office provides students and faculty with virtually unlimited access to
3472-463: Is $ 250,000 for a married couple filing jointly (threshold applies to their total compensation), or $ 125,000 for a married person filing separately. In ACA's companion legislation, the Health Care and Education Reconciliation Act of 2010 , an additional tax of 3.8% was applied to unearned income, specifically the lesser of net investment income and the amount by which adjusted gross income exceeds
3596-614: Is a fee-for-service model. The Act allowed the creation of accountable care organizations (ACOs), which are groups of doctors, hospitals and other providers that commit to give coordinated care to Medicare patients. ACOs were allowed to continue using fee-for-service billing. They receive bonus payments from the government for minimizing costs while achieving quality benchmarks that emphasize prevention and mitigation of chronic disease . Missing cost or quality benchmarks subjected them to penalties. Unlike health maintenance organizations , ACO patients are not required to obtain all care from
3720-545: Is a parallel organization for business students. Affordable Care Act The Affordable Care Act ( ACA ), formally known as the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act ( PPACA ) and colloquially as Obamacare , is a landmark U.S. federal statute enacted by the 111th United States Congress and signed into law by President Barack Obama on March 23, 2010. Together with the Health Care and Education Reconciliation Act of 2010 amendment, it represents
3844-474: Is at the Rose Hill campus and contains more than 200 artifacts from Classical antiquity , including: sculptures , mosaics , ceramics and pottery , coins , and inscriptions , among other items. A gift from alumnus William D. Walsh, it is the largest collection of its kind at any college or university in the New York metropolitan area. In addition, the university maintains an extensive art collection, which
Cardinal Newman Society - Misplaced Pages Continue
3968-463: Is echoed by John J. Paris, S.J. , professor of bioethics at Boston College and one of the targets of the Society, "I think he is a fraud, a charlatan, and a snake-oil salesman" and of the Society, that its purpose is "whipping up right-wing types to open their checkbooks." The Society monitors speakers at Catholic universities, and provides a mechanism for online reporting of what it believes to be scandalous commencement speakers and honorees. In 2009,
4092-536: Is housed in exhibition spaces at the Rose Hill and Lincoln Center campuses and in galleries around New York City. Finally, the university possesses a sizable collection of rare books, manuscripts, and other print media, which is housed in the O'Hare Special Collections Room at the Walsh Library. Other research facilities include the Louis Calder Center , a 114-acre biological field station and
4216-496: Is just to the west of the Rose Hill campus. In 1908, Fordham University Press was established. In 1912, the university opened the College of Pharmacy, which offered a three-year program in pharmacy , not requiring its students to obtain bachelor's degrees until the late 1930s. The college had a mainly Jewish student body, and in recognition of that, the students were exempted from Catholic theology instruction. In September 1912,
4340-409: Is sufficient to reduce the premium for the second-lowest-cost silver plan (SCLSP) on an exchange to a sliding-scale percentage of income. The percentage is based on the percent of federal poverty level (FPL) for the household, and varies slightly from year to year. In 2019, it ranged from 2.08% of income (100%-133% FPL) to 9.86% of income (300%-400% FPL). The subsidy can be used for any plan available on
4464-697: Is to raise awareness of fellowship opportunities among students, counsel interested students about their eligibility for various programs, and advise fellowship candidates during the application process. With the aid of this office, Fordham was one of the top producers of U.S. Fulbright students of 2012. The Matteo Ricci Society is an honor society for Fordham students who are likely candidates for academic fellowships. Students are invited to join based on academic success and other factors. The society assists its members in preparing applications for fellowships, coordinating internships, and obtaining funding for research endeavors. The Rev. William E. Boyle, S.J., Society
4588-536: The Association of Catholic Colleges and Universities , said the society is "destructive and antithetical to a spirit of unity in our commitment to serve society and the church." Reilly has been referred to in Catholic publications as the "self-appointed ayatollah to Catholic academia in this country." Rev. James Keenan, a priest and professor at Boston College who was targeted in a fundraising letter sent out by
4712-549: The Center for Medicare and Medicaid Innovation , the Independent Payment Advisory Board , and accountable care organizations . Health care cost/quality initiatives included incentives to reduce hospital infections , adopt electronic medical records , and to coordinate care and prioritize quality over quantity. Medicare switched from fee-for-service to bundled payments . A single payment
4836-517: The Lincoln Square Renewal Project. This second campus which placed an institution of higher learning in the realm of a multi-disciplinary performing arts complex came to pass through the collaboration of New York City's urban planner Robert Moses and Fordham's twenty sixth President Fr. Laurence J. McGinley . The School of Law was the first to occupy the new campus, but the academic programs at 302 Broadway were moved to
4960-565: The Medicare prescription drug benefit . While many insurers initially offered exchange plans, the program did not pay for itself as planned, losing up to $ 8.3 billion for 2014 and 2015. Authorization had to be given so DHHS could pay insurers from "general government revenues". However, the Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2014 (H.R. 3547) stated that no funds "could be used for risk-corridor payments". leaving
5084-632: The Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center , Los Alamos National Laboratory , and organizations worldwide. Fordham University Press , the university's publishing house and an affiliate of Oxford University Press , primarily publishes humanities and social sciences research. The university also hosts an Undergraduate Research Symposium every year during the spring semester and publishes the Undergraduate Research Journal in conjunction with
Cardinal Newman Society - Misplaced Pages Continue
5208-557: The Public Health Service Act of 1944 and inserted new provisions on affordable care into Title 42 of the United States Code . The individual insurance market was radically overhauled, and many of the law's regulations applied specifically to this market, while the structure of Medicare, Medicaid, and the employer market were largely retained. Some regulations applied to the employer market, and
5332-643: The Rev. James Roosevelt Bayley , a distant cousin of Theodore and Franklin D. Roosevelt and a nephew of St. Elizabeth Ann Seton . In 1845, the seminary church, Our Lady of Mercy, was built. The same year, Bishop Hughes convinced several Jesuit priests from the St. Mary's College in Kentucky to staff St. John's. The college received its charter from the New York State Legislature in 1846, and
5456-421: The U.S. healthcare system 's most significant regulatory overhaul and expansion of coverage since the enactment of Medicare and Medicaid in 1965. Most of the act's provisions are still in effect. The ACA's major provisions came into force in 2014. By 2016, the uninsured share of the population had roughly halved, with estimates ranging from 20 to 24 million additional people covered. The law also enacted
5580-763: The Westchester campus in West Harrison, New York . In addition to these locations, the university maintains a study abroad center in London and field offices in Spain and South Africa. The university offers degrees in over 60 disciplines. The university's athletic teams, the Rams , include a football team that boasted a win in the Sugar Bowl , two Pro Football Hall of Famers , two All-Americans , two Canadian Football League All-Stars, and numerous NFL players;
5704-439: The insurance death spiral , minimize the free rider problem and prevent the healthcare system from succumbing to adverse selection . The mandate was intended to increase the size and diversity of the insured population, including more young and healthy participants to broaden the risk pool , spreading costs. Among the groups who were not subject to the individual mandate are: The Tax Cuts and Jobs Act of 2017 , set to $ 0
5828-495: The poverty line would qualify for coverage in any state that participated in the Medicaid program. Previously, states could set various lower thresholds for certain groups and were not required to cover adults without dependent children. The federal government was to pay 100% of the increased cost in 2014, 2015 and 2016; 95% in 2017, 94% in 2018, 93% in 2019, and 90% in 2020 and all subsequent years. A 5% "income disregard" made
5952-517: The 106-acre Rose Hill Manor farm in the village of Fordham, New York for $ 29,750. His intent was to establish St. Joseph's Seminary following the model of Mount Saint Mary's University , of which he was an alumnus. "Rose Hill" was the name originally given to the site in 1787 by its owner, Robert Watts, a wealthy New York merchant, in honor of his family's ancestral home in Scotland. In 1840, St. Joseph's Seminary opened at Rose Hill. The seminary
6076-473: The 42,811 applicants (47.6%) and enrolled 2,211. The middle 50% range of SAT scores for enrolled freshmen was 580–670 for critical reading, 590–680 for math, and 590–680 for writing, while the ACT Composite middle 50% range was 28–33. The average high school GPA of incoming freshmen was 3.64. All undergraduates pursuing bachelor's degrees at Fordham are required to complete the Core curriculum,
6200-512: The ACA and the use of riders to de-obligate its from those payments was illegal. The temporary reinsurance program is meant to stabilize premiums by reducing the incentive for insurers to raise premiums due to concerns about higher-risk enrollees. Reinsurance was based on retrospective costs rather than prospective risk evaluations. Reinsurance was available from 2014 through 2016. Risk adjustment involves transferring funds from plans with lower-risk enrollees to plans with higher-risk enrollees. It
6324-515: The ACO. Also, unlike HMOs, ACOs must achieve quality-of-care goals. Medicare Part D participants received a 50% discount on brand name drugs purchased after exhausting their initial coverage and before reaching the catastrophic-coverage threshold . By 2020, the "doughnut hole" would be completely filled. From 2017 onwards, states can apply for a "waiver for state innovation" which allows them to conduct experiments that meet certain criteria. To obtain
SECTION 50
#17327724692316448-484: The American poet Edgar Allan Poe arrived in the village of Fordham and began a friendship with the college Jesuits that would last throughout his life. In 1849, he published his famed work The Bells . Some traditions credit the college's church bells as the inspiration for this poem. Poe also spent considerable time in the college's library, and even occasionally stayed overnight. St. John's curriculum consisted of
6572-619: The Catholic Church, several U.S. governors and ambassadors , a number of billionaires, two directors of the CIA , Academy Award and Emmy -winning actors, royalty , a foreign head of state , a White House Counsel , a vice chief of staff of the U.S. Army , a U.S. Postmaster General , a U.S. Attorney General , a President of the Federal Reserve Bank of New York, and the first female vice presidential candidate of
6696-739: The City Hall Campus at "the Vincent Astor Building" at 302 Broadway. This commenced an unbroken string of instruction in Manhattan that became what is now Fordham College at Lincoln Center, where all of Fordham's academic operations in Manhattan are centered today. The university closed its medical school in 1919, citing a lack of endowment and reduced university funds overall due to the First World War . The Gabelli School of Business began in 1920 in Manhattan as
6820-664: The FPL. Medicaid recipients were not eligible for the reductions. So-called cost-sharing reduction (CSR) subsidies were to be paid to insurance companies to fund the reductions. During 2017, approximately $ 7 billion in CSR subsidies were to be paid, versus $ 34 billion for premium tax credits. The latter was defined as mandatory spending that does not require an annual Congressional appropriation. CSR payments were not explicitly defined as mandatory. This led to litigation and disruption later. ACA implemented multiple approaches to helping mitigate
6944-490: The Federal Circuit reversed the Moda Health ruling and ruled across all the cases in favor of the government, that the appropriations riders ceded the government from paying out remain money due to the insurers. The Supreme Court reversed this ruling in the consolidated case, Maine Community Health Options v. United States , reaffirming as with Judge Wheeler that the government had a responsibility to pay those funds under
7068-577: The Fordham Alumni Association," Kennedy said that, "It is to the eternal credit of Fordham that the teaching of law has here been accompanied by an inculcation of moral values. The graduate of this law school has acquired something more than the tools of his profession—he has learned, both by example and precept, the high obligations of trust which are his as an attorney." In 1961, the Lincoln Center campus opened as part of
7192-481: The Gabelli School of Business. Long-term plans include a new library building and buildings for the graduate schools of Social Service and of Education. Fordham University is composed of four undergraduate and six graduate schools, and its academic ethos is heavily drawn from its Jesuit origins. The university promotes the Jesuit principles of cura personalis , which fosters a faculty and administrative respect for
7316-815: The Gerald M. Quinn Library and the Leo T. Kissam Memorial Law Library at the Lincoln Center campus; and the Media Center at the Westchester campus. In addition to the university's formal libraries, several academic departments, research institutes, and student organizations maintain their own literary collections. The Rose Hill campus's Duane Library , despite its name, is no longer a library but offers reading and study space for students. Fordham maintains several special collections housed in museums and galleries on campus. The Fordham Museum of Greek, Etruscan, and Roman Art
7440-645: The Graduate School of Religion and Religious Education. Fordham's graduate programs in business, education, English, history, law, psychology, and social work were all ranked among the top 100 in the nation by the 2016 U.S. News & World Report . Fordham participates in the Inter-University Doctoral Consortium, which allows its doctoral students to take classes at a number of schools in the New York metropolitan area. Fordham's medical school officially closed in 1919, and its College of Pharmacy followed suit in 1972. Nevertheless,
7564-620: The ISAP programs, the university's constituent schools offer a range of study abroad programs that cater to their specific areas of study. Fordham has produced 168 Fulbright scholars since 2003. According to U.S. News & World Report , Fordham is considered a "more selective" university, while a 2013 Barron's survey published in the New York Times classed the university as "highly competitive". In its 2018 edition, admissions selectivity to Fordham's undergraduate schools received
SECTION 60
#17327724692317688-557: The Rams also participated in history's first televised college football game in 1939 and history's first televised college basketball game in 1940. Fordham's baseball team played the first collegiate baseball game under modern rules in 1859, has fielded 56 major league players, and holds the record for most NCAA Division I baseball victories in history. Fordham's alumni and faculty include former President Donald Trump , U.S. Senators and representatives , four cardinals of
7812-537: The Rev. John Beal, canon law professor at The Catholic University of America . It has been criticized for " McCarthyite tactics" and a "fundamentalist agenda." Charles L. Currie , president of the Association of Jesuit Colleges and Universities said that the society's "attacks can no longer go unchallenged," and characterized their work as "a long trail of distorted, inaccurate, and often untrue attacks on scholars addressing complex issues." Michael James, vice president of
7936-494: The Rose Hill Gymnasium and peals after all Ram athletic victories and at the start of Commencement each year. On February 15, 1958, then-Senator John F. Kennedy received an honorary Doctor of Law degree from university president Laurence J. McGinley and delivered an address at the annual Fordham Law Alumni Association luncheon. After humorously stating that he denied any "presidential aspirations—with respect to
8060-690: The Rose Hill gymnasium that attracted a crowd of 2,800. The first women to attend Fordham came earlier in the century: the Law School began accepting female students in 1918. Women also had been earning Fordham degrees at the Graduate School of Social Service and the Undergraduate School of Education, at the City Hall Campus. Women in the School of Education had also been commuting to the Rose Hill campus to take their science lab courses alongside male students, where women had also been part of
8184-468: The School of Accounting. According to a university catalogue from 1920, the annual cost for tuition, room and board at the college was $ 600 (equivalent to $ 9,126 in 2023). In 1944, the School of Professional and Continuing Studies was established, largely bolstered by returning veterans taking advantage of the GI Bill . The football program was first established in 1882 and gained national renown in
8308-575: The School of Pharmacy's student body. However, in September 1964, the all-female Thomas More College at the Rose Hill campus began instruction for the BA and BS degrees. In response to internal demands for a more "liberalized" curriculum, the university created Bensalem College in 1967. An experimental college with no set requirements and no grades, it was studied by a wide array of educators and covered by journalists at such large-circulation publications of
8432-495: The Society criticized the University of Notre Dame for inviting President Barack Obama to receive an honorary doctorate of law and deliver the commencement speech due to his pro-choice position and record in support of abortion. Nevertheless, the University of Notre Dame stood by its invitation to the President. The organization also deplored a commencement address given at Notre Dame de Namur University by Sr. Helen Prejean ,
8556-580: The Society makes an ad hominem attack on one of the signatories." Fordham University Fordham University ( / ˈ f ɔːr d ə m / ) is a private Jesuit research university in New York City , United States. Established in 1841 and named after the Fordham neighborhood of the Bronx in which its original campus is located, Fordham is the oldest Catholic and Jesuit university in
8680-413: The Society, said "Hopefully, someday our bishops will call us to end this awful conduct, which hurts not only those of us targeted, but more importantly, the unity of the church itself." According to Robert McClory, "If John Henry Newman, by some miracle of grace, were to rise from the dead today and be invited to speak at a prestigious Catholic institution, the most likely organization to protest and picket
8804-429: The Swiss psychiatrist and psychoanalyst Carl Jung delivered a series of lectures at Fordham; these lectures marked his historic break with the theories of his colleague, Sigmund Freud . The College of St. Francis Xavier was closed in 1913, and various Fordham colleges were opened at the Woolworth Building in Manhattan to fill the void. Some divisions of the university including the law school were later moved to
8928-440: The above income limits. ACA included an excise tax of 40% (" Cadillac tax ") on total employer premium spending in excess of specified dollar amounts (initially $ 10,200 for single coverage and $ 27,500 for family coverage ) indexed to inflation. This tax was originally scheduled to take effect in 2018, but was delayed until 2020 by the Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2016 and again to 2022. The excise tax on high-cost health plans
9052-433: The bachelor's degrees offered to undergraduates, the university also offers specialized academic programs, including pre-medical and health professions; pre-professional programs in architecture, law, and criminal justice; a 3-2 engineering program, in conjunction with Columbia and Case Western Reserve Universities; a five-year teacher certification program; an Applied Public Accountancy ( CPA certification) program;
9176-399: The beginning of its rollout in 2013. Polls initially found that a plurality of Americans opposed the act, although its individual provisions were generally more popular. By 2017, the law had majority support. The Tax Cuts and Jobs Act of 2017 set the individual mandate penalty at $ 0 starting in 2019 due to its overall unpopularity and to reduce the federal budget deficit. ACA amended
9300-513: The board of trustees continues to maintain the institution as a "Jesuit, Catholic university." The College of Pharmacy closed in 1972 due to declining enrollment. Fordham College at Rose Hill became coeducational in 1974 when it merged with Thomas More College. Fordham Preparatory School is a four-year, all-male college preparatory school that was once integrated with the university, sharing its 1841 founding. "Fordham Prep" became legally independent in 1972 when it moved to its own facilities on
9424-568: The campus since the merger with Marymount. President McShane stated the university's decision was nonetheless a "painful" one. Fordham then indicated its intention to move the remaining programs from the Marymount campus to a new location in Harrison, New York , by the autumn of 2008. On February 17, 2008, the university announced the sale of the campus for $ 27 million to EF Schools , a chain of private language-instruction schools. In 2014,
9548-441: The campus would remain open for Fordham graduate programs in several disciplines. In the autumn of 2007, the university announced its intention to seek buyers for the Marymount campus. Administrators stated the expenses required to support the programs at the campus far exceeded the demand. University officials estimated the revenue gained from the proposed sale would not be greater than the expenses incurred maintaining and improving
9672-401: The college level. As a result of the act, St. John's brought a cadet corps to campus. From 1885 to 1890, Lt. Herbert C. Squires—a veteran of the 7th U.S. Cavalry —built a cadet battalion to a strength of 200, which would provide the foundation for the modern ROTC unit at Fordham. The college built a science building in 1886, lending more legitimacy to science in the curriculum. In addition,
9796-488: The college remained open as a single-sex institution, and its campus received a branch of the School of Professional and Continuing Studies as well as extensions of the graduate schools for education, social service, and business administration. In 2005, Fordham announced that its Marymount College campus would be phased out; Marymount awarded degrees to its final undergraduate class in May 2007. University administrators indicated
9920-553: The day as Look , Esquire and the Saturday Review . The school closed in 1974. "The Liberal Arts College" for undergraduates opened in 1968, later changing its name to "The College at Lincoln Center" and then in 1996 to "Fordham College at Lincoln Center." In 1993, a twenty-story residence hall for 850 students was added to the Lincoln Center campus. In the late 1950s, the Civil Rights Movement
10044-583: The disruptions to insurers that came with its many changes. The risk-corridor program was a temporary risk management device. It was intended to encourage reluctant insurers into ACA insurance market from 2014 to 2016. For those years the Department of Health and Human Services (DHHS) would cover some of the losses for insurers whose plans performed worse than they expected. Loss-making insurers would receive payments paid for in part by profit-making insurers. Similar risk corridors had been established for
10168-550: The early 20th century. Fordham football played on some of the largest stages in sports, including games in front of sellout crowds at the Polo Grounds and Yankee Stadium , a Cotton Bowl appearance and a Sugar Bowl victory. The program produced the famed Seven Blocks of Granite , one of whom was the great Vince Lombardi . On September 30, 1939, Fordham participated in the world's first televised football game, defeating Waynesburg College , 34–7. The university discontinued
10292-872: The effective income eligibility limit for Medicaid 138% of the poverty level. However, the Supreme Court ruled in NFIB v. Sebelius that this provision of ACA was coercive, and that states could choose to continue at pre-ACA eligibility levels. Medicare reimbursements were reduced to insurers and drug companies for private Medicare Advantage policies that the Government Accountability Office and Medicare Payment Advisory Commission found to be excessively costly relative to standard Medicare; and to hospitals that failed standards of efficiency and care. Income from self-employment and wages of single individuals in excess of $ 200,000 annually are subjected to an additional tax of 0.9%. The threshold amount
10416-522: The employee's coverage) through their own or a family member's employer. Households below the federal poverty level are not eligible to receive these subsidies. Lawful Residents and some other legally present immigrants whose household income is below 100% FPL and are not otherwise eligible for Medicaid are eligible for subsidies if they meet all other eligibility requirements. Married people must file taxes jointly to receive subsidies. Enrollees must have U.S. citizenship or proof of legal residency to obtain
10540-515: The event would be the Cardinal Newman Society." The organization is also criticized for focusing on conservative political issues that are "only tangentially related to issues of Catholic higher education." One "review of 50 of the most recent headlines on the Society’s blog shows that 60% of them were related to abortion (9), homosexuality (10), or sexuality in general (10). That leaves only 40% for all other issues relating to Catholic education." When
10664-489: The exchange, but not catastrophic plans. The subsidy may not exceed the premium for the purchased plan. (In this section, the term "income" refers to modified adjusted gross income . ) Small businesses are eligible for a tax credit provided they enroll in the SHOP Marketplace. a. ^ In 2019, the federal poverty level was $ 25,100 for family of four (outside of Alaska and Hawaii). b. ^ If
10788-557: The federal government responsible for operating their exchanges. Individuals whose household incomes are between 100% and 400% of the federal poverty level (FPL) are eligible to receive federal subsidies for premiums for policies purchased on an ACA exchange, provided they are not eligible for Medicare , Medicaid , the Children's Health Insurance Program , or other forms of public assistance health coverage, and do not have access to affordable coverage (no more than 9.86% of income for
10912-472: The first Jesuits began to arrive about three months later. In the same year Bishop Hughes sold St. John's College to the Jesuits for $ 40,000. Hughes deeded the college over but retained title to the seminary property, which totaled about nine acres. In 1847, Fordham's first school in Manhattan opened. The school became the independently chartered College of St. Francis Xavier in 1861. It was also in 1847 that
11036-628: The game while a student at Fordham from 1863 to 1868. After playing for several American major league teams, he returned home and played in the first organized baseball game in Cuba on December 27, 1874. Charles, Henry, and Frederick Zaldo, brothers from Havana who founded the Almendares Baseball Club, one of the three original Cuban baseball teams, also learned the game while attending Fordham from 1875 to 1878. An Act of Congress created instruction in military science and tactics at
11160-503: The government has subsidized a full-time employee's healthcare through tax deductions or other means. This is commonly known as the employer mandate . This provision was included to encourage employers to continue providing insurance once the exchanges began operating. The act includes delivery system reforms intended to constrain costs and improve quality. These include Medicare payment changes to discourage hospital-acquired conditions and readmissions , bundled payment initiatives,
11284-599: The government in a potential breach of contract with insurers who offered qualified health plans. Several insurers sued the government at the United States Court of Federal Claims to recover the funds believed owed to them under the Risk Corridors program. While several were summarily closed, in the case of Moda Health v the United States , Moda Health won a $ 214-million judgment in February 2017. Federal Claims judge Thomas C. Wheeler stated, "the Government made
11408-466: The history of baseball in the nineteenth century, and played a key role in introducing the game to Cuba and Latin America. On November 3, 1859, Fordham played the first college baseball game with modern nine-man teams against the now-defunct St. Francis Xavier College in Manhattan. Fordham won the game 33–11. Steve Bellán , the first Cuban and Latin American to play major league baseball, learned to play
11532-557: The honors wing of Hughes Hall for the Global Business Honors Program. Upon graduating from the university, honors students receive the designation of in cursu honorum on their diploma and transcripts. In addition to its honors programs, Fordham has chapters of several honor societies on campus, including but not limited to the following: The Office of Prestigious Fellowships is the university's office for academic fellowships and scholarships. Its function
11656-413: The income distribution. The act largely retained the existing structure of Medicare, Medicaid, and the employer market , but individual markets were radically overhauled. Insurers were made to accept all applicants without charging based on preexisting conditions or demographic status (except age). To combat the resultant adverse selection , the act mandated that individuals buy insurance (or pay
11780-490: The individual student and all of his or her gifts and abilities; magis , which encourages students to challenge themselves and strive for excellence in their lives; and homines pro aliis , which intends to inspire service, a universal charity, among members of the Fordham community. Through its International and Study Abroad Programs (ISAP) Office, Fordham provides its students with over 130 different study abroad opportunities. The programs range in duration from six weeks to
11904-476: The junior division. An Artium Baccalaureus degree was earned for completion of both curricula, and an additional year of philosophy would earn a Magister Artium degree. There was also a "commercial" track similar to a modern business school , offered as an alternative to the Classical curriculum and resulting in a certificate instead of a degree. In 1855, the first student stage production, Henry IV ,
12028-421: The law also made delivery system changes that affected most of the health care system. All new individual major medical health insurance policies sold to individuals and families faced new requirements. The requirements took effect on January 1, 2014. They include: The individual mandate required everyone to have insurance or pay a penalty . The mandate and limits on open enrollment were designed to avoid
12152-1086: The middle site along an 81-mile (130 km) urban-forest transect known as the Urban-Rural Gradient Experiment; the William Spain Seismic Observatory, a data collection unit for the US Geological Survey ; and other facilities. It is a member of the Bronx Scientific Research Consortium, which also includes the New York Botanical Garden , the Bronx Zoo , the Albert Einstein College of Medicine at Yeshiva University, and Montefiore Medical Center. Furthermore, Fordham faculty have conducted research with such institutions as
12276-524: The new location in 1969. In addition, on November 18, 1961, Attorney General Robert F. Kennedy received an honorary degree and delivered an address at the dedication of the new Fordham Law School building in Lincoln Center, paying tribute to "Fordham ideals, traditions and teachers." Kennedy said that he was privileged, as attorney general, to be "the largest single employer of Fordham law graduates in North America," and also remarked that, "While
12400-588: The northeastern United States and the third-oldest university in New York State . Founded as St. John's College by John Hughes , then a coadjutor bishop of New York, the college was placed in the care of the Society of Jesus shortly thereafter, and has since become a Jesuit-affiliated independent school under a lay board of trustees . While governed independently of the church since 1969, every president of Fordham University between 1846 and 2022
12524-666: The northwest corner of the Rose Hill campus. The school continues to retain many connections with the university. Marymount College was an independent women's college that was founded in 1907 by the Religious of the Sacred Heart of Mary . The school was consolidated into Fordham in July 2002. Marymount had been steeped in financial hardship since the 1970s. Located 25 miles (40 km) north of Manhattan in Tarrytown, New York,
12648-441: The occasion of the centennial of the granting of Fordham's charter. The president received an honorary degree and delivered a nationally broadcast address on the subject of veterans' education, the dangers of atomic warfare, and the importance of education to civilization. His address concluded with the words, "I am confident that this splendid institution, with its educational system rounded [ sic ] upon Christian principles, will play
12772-678: The over 20 million volumes of the New York Public Library System as well as to media from the libraries of Columbia University, New York University , the City University of New York , and other libraries around the world. Fordham's libraries include the William D. Walsh Family Library , ranked in 2004 as the fifth best collegiate library in the country, and the Science Library at the Rose Hill campus;
12896-732: The penalty for not complying with the individual mandate, starting in 2019. ACA mandated that health insurance exchanges be provided for each state. The exchanges are regulated, largely online marketplaces, administered by either federal or state governments, where individuals, families and small businesses can purchase private insurance plans. Exchanges first offered insurance for 2014. Some exchanges also provide access to Medicaid. States that set up their own exchanges have some discretion on standards and prices. For example, states approve plans for sale, and thereby influence (through negotiations) prices. They can impose additional coverage requirements—such as abortion. Alternatively, states can make
13020-669: The premium for the second lowest cost silver plan (SLCSP) is greater than the amount in this column, the amount of the premium subsidy will be such that it brings the net cost of the SCLSP down to the amount in this column. Otherwise, there will be no subsidy, and the SLCSP premium will (of course) be no more than (usually less than) the amount in this column. Note: The numbers in the table do not apply for Alaska and Hawaii. As written, ACA mandated that insurers reduce copayments and deductibles for ACA exchange enrollees earning less than 250% of
13144-427: The program during World War II , reinstating it in 1946. However, it proved much less successful and too expensive to maintain, and was again discontinued in 1954, though would revive yet again as an NCAA Division III team in 1970 and Division I team in 1989. The 1940s bore witness to two official presidential visits at Fordham, the first by president Franklin D. Roosevelt on October 28, 1940, during his campaign for
13268-523: The recommendations of the Newman Society. In 2006, the Bishops' and Presidents' Committee of the USCCB sent a letter to the ten bishops listed as "ecclesiastical advisers" to the Cardinal Newman Society, calling the organization "often aggressive, inaccurate, or lacking in balance" and its methods "often objectionable in tone and substance." It suggested that the bishops resign from the advisory board. The board
13392-427: The society with the help of other recent Catholic university graduates. The society's leadership included prominent conservative commentator L. Brent Bozell III . It was Bozell, founder and president of the conservative media-watchdog group Media Research Center , who suggested use of direct mail marketing to invigorate the organization at a time when it existed "primarily as letterhead." According to Reilly, “It took
13516-531: The student body, and even southern students attending the college mourned his loss. As Richard S. Treacy of the class of 1869 later recalled, "The morning we received the news of the death of President Lincoln gloom settled over the entire college, even the southern boys, who before had censored him, now felt that they had lost a valuable friend whose great qualities would be missed in the coming reconstruction ." Fordham's baseball team , which played its first game on September 13, 1859, made several contributions to
13640-555: The symposium. In addition, it facilitates research opportunities for undergraduates with such organizations as the National Science Foundation , The Cloisters , and the American Museum of Natural History . Fordham's undergraduate schools all offer honors programs for their students. The programs' curricula are modified versions of the Core Curriculum. For example, the Fordham College Honors Program,
13764-572: The university continues its tradition of medical education through a collaboration with the Albert Einstein College of Medicine at Yeshiva University . The partnership allows Fordham undergraduate and graduate science students to take classes, conduct research, and pursue early admission to select programs of Einstein. In addition, it involves a physician mentoring program, which permits students to shadow an attending physician at Einstein's Montefiore Medical Center . The university
13888-412: The university successfully completed a five-year, $ 500 million campaign; the project surpassed expectations by raising more than $ 540 million. The university went on to renovate and expand its Lincoln Center campus, opening in 2014 its renovated Law School, as well as an additional undergraduate dormitory, McKeon Hall. The former law school building was converted to expand Quinn Library and house
14012-426: The university's African and African American Studies Department, one of the first black studies departments in the nation, as well as the paper , the leftist student newspaper on campus, were founded. The board of trustees was reorganized in 1969 to include a majority of nonclerical members, which officially made the university an independent institution. While the Jesuit order thereby lost full control of Fordham,
14136-480: The village of Fordham, in which the original Rose Hill campus is located. The village, in turn, drew its name from its location near a shallow crossing of the Bronx River (" ford by the hamlet "). When Fordham and several other Westchester County towns were consolidated into Bronx County at the turn of the twentieth century, the village became the borough's Fordham neighborhood. Still in existence today, it
14260-402: The world we know is preoccupied by what may lie before it, when threats could pervade our every thought and fears our every action, it is reassuring to see buildings and programs like these rise each day to greet the future. It is a mark of courage and resolution." On November 2, 1964, during his campaign for the U.S. Senate , Robert F. Kennedy made another visit to Fordham and gave an address at
14384-621: Was a Jesuit priest, and the curriculum remains influenced by Jesuit educational principles. Fordham enrolls approximately 15,300 students from more than 65 countries, and is composed of ten constituent colleges, four of which are undergraduate and six of which are postgraduate , across three campuses in southern New York State : the Rose Hill campus in the Bronx , the Lincoln Center campus in Manhattan 's Upper West Side , and
14508-417: Was completely repealed as part of H.R.1865 - Further Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2020. Excise taxes totaling $ 3 billion were levied on importers and manufacturers of prescription drugs. An excise tax of 2.3% on medical devices and a 10% excise tax on indoor tanning services were applied as well. The tax was repealed in late 2019. The State Children's Health Insurance Program (CHIP) enrollment process
14632-655: Was gathering momentum in the U.S. when Fordham students and school officials expressed ambivalence about racial justice. In the late 1960s, Fordham became a center of political activism and countercultural activity. At the Rose Hill Campus, the Fordham branch of Students for a Democratic Society organized opposition to the existence of the ROTC and military recruiters. During this period, students routinely organized protests and class boycotts and used psychoactive drugs on campus open spaces. In 1969, students organized
14756-403: Was intended to encourage insurers to compete based on value and efficiency rather than by attracting healthier enrollees. Of the three risk management programs, only risk adjustment was permanent. Plans with low actuarial risk compensate plans with high actuarial risk. ACA revised and expanded Medicaid eligibility starting in 2014. All U.S. citizens and legal residents with income up to 133% of
14880-511: Was paired with St. John's College, which opened at Rose Hill with a student body of six on June 24, 1841, the feast day of Saint John the Baptist . The Reverend John McCloskey (later archbishop of New York and eventually the first American cardinal ) was the school's first president, and the faculty were secular priests and lay instructors. The college presidency went through a succession of four diocesan priests in five years, including
15004-594: Was presented by the St. John's Dramatic Society. The seminary was closed in 1859. The Civil War was a significant time for the college; among its alumni were four generals, six colonels (including Shaw ), and five captains serving in the Union Army ; twelve men from Fordham also served in the Confederate Army . Three Jesuits from St. John's served as army chaplains. Lincoln's assassination deeply affected
15128-435: Was simplified. Beginning September 23, 2010, dependents were permitted to remain on their parents' insurance plan until their 26th birthday, including dependents who no longer lived with their parents, are not a dependent on a parent's tax return, are no longer a student, or are married. Businesses that employ fifty or more people but do not offer health insurance to their full-time employees are assessed additional tax if
15252-502: Was subsequently disbanded. According to journalist Joe Feuerherd, "[A]s Cardinal Newman rolls over in his recently relocated grave, Reilly uses the cardinal’s good name to promote the idea of university as Catholic madrassa...Reilly searches for hot button issues on Catholic campuses... – that will energize their base of donors and activists. Then they highlight these offenses on the Web and through direct mail to generate revenue." The sentiment
15376-517: Was to be paid to a hospital and a physician group for a defined episode of care (such as a hip replacement ) rather than separate payments to individual service providers. The Medicare Shared Savings Program (MSSP) was established by section 3022 of the Affordable Care Act. It is the program by which an accountable care organization interacts with the federal government, and by which accountable care organizations can be created. It
#230769