79-512: Gogglebox is a British reality television series created by Stephen Lambert , Tania Alexander and Tim Harcourt, and broadcast on Channel 4 . The series documents families and groups of friends around the United Kingdom who are filmed for their observations and reactions to the previous week's television from their own homes. The first series launched on 7 March 2013, and the twenty-fourth series began airing on 13 September 2024. The show
158-412: A proof of concept tape. The show's team set about casting, and it was during this period they signed on Leon and June Bernicoff. Alexander described the original reel as "a little rough around the edges, gosh it was actually really rough", and thought the script was "God awful" which was read by a narrator whose tone of voice was incompatible. Despite this, Glover felt strongly towards the concept and gave
237-418: A card at the start of the game; the player who draws the highest card deals first. The second highest card becomes the dealer's partner and takes the chair on the opposite side of the table. They play against the other two. The deck is shuffled and cut, usually by the player to the left of the dealer, before dealing. Players take turns to deal, in clockwise order. The dealer deals the cards clockwise, one card at
316-422: A certain combination of high cards), although some are common between the two. A larger bonus is awarded if the declaring side makes a small slam or grand slam, a contract of 12 or 13 tricks respectively. If the declaring side is not vulnerable, a small slam gets 500 points, and a grand slam 1000 points. If the declaring side is vulnerable, a small slam is 750 points and a grand slam is 1,500. In rubber bridge,
395-400: A contract in hearts or spades. For a contract in notrump, the declaring side is awarded 40 points for the first odd trick and 30 points for the remaining odd tricks. Contract points are doubled or quadrupled if the contract is respectively doubled or redoubled. In rubber bridge, a partnership wins one game once it has accumulated 100 contract points; excess contract points do not carry over to
474-507: A game called "La Triomphe" in one of his works. Also Juan Luis Vives , in his Linguae latinae exercitio (Exercise in the Latin language) of 1539 has a dialogue on card games, where the characters play 'Triumphus hispanicus' (Spanish Triumph). Bridge departed from whist with the creation of "Biritch" in the 19th century and evolved through the late 19th and early 20th centuries to form the present game. The first rule book for bridge, dated 1886,
553-422: A good final contract in the auction (or deciding to let the opponents declare the contract). This is a difficult problem: the two players in a partnership must try to communicate enough information about their hands to arrive at a makeable contract, but the information they can exchange is restricted – information may be passed only by the calls made and later by the cards played, not by other means; in addition,
632-458: A meaning that reflects the call; a natural bid intuitively showing hand or suit strength based on the level or suit of the bid, and a natural double expressing that the player believes that the opposing partnership will not make their contract. By contrast, a conventional (artificial) call offers and/or asks for information by means of pre-agreed coded interpretations, in which some calls convey very specific information or requests that are not part of
711-399: A player bids, doubles, or redoubles, every other player has passed, in which case the action proceeds to the play; or every player has passed and no bid has been made, in which case the round is considered to be "passed out" and not played. The player from the declaring side who first bid the denomination named in the final contract becomes declarer. The player left to the declarer leads to
790-426: A producer/director, gallery operator, assistant, audio engineer, researcher for live logging, and a runner . Each episode of Gogglebox is made in two days, and Alexander said that people who assumed the show is cheap or easy to make makes her "blood boil". Filming starts on Friday and continues through the week, but most of the first four days are spent assessing the filmed material. Four-person crews circulate between
869-567: A published standard is The Laws of Rubber Bridge as published by the American Contract Bridge League. The majority of rules mirror those of duplicate bridge in the bidding and play and differ primarily in procedures for dealing and scoring. In 2001, the WBF promulgated a set of laws for online play. Bridge is a game of skill played with randomly dealt cards, which makes it also a game of chance , or more exactly,
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#1732780645162948-411: A suit, the ace is ranked highest followed by the king, queen and jack and then the ten through to the two. In a deal where the auction has determined that there is no trump suit, the trick must be won by a card of the suit led. In a deal with a trump suit, cards of that suit are superior in rank to any of the cards of any other suit. If one or more players plays a trump to a trick when void in the suit led,
1027-463: A table. Millions of people play bridge worldwide in clubs, tournaments , online and with friends at home, making it one of the world's most popular card games , particularly among seniors . The World Bridge Federation (WBF) is the governing body for international competitive bridge, with numerous other bodies governing it at the regional level. The game consists of a number of deals , each progressing through four phases. The cards are dealt to
1106-409: A tactical game with inbuilt randomness, imperfect knowledge and restricted communication. The chance element is in the deal of the cards; in duplicate bridge some of the chance element is eliminated by comparing results of multiple pairs in identical situations. This is achievable when there are eight or more players, sitting at two or more tables, and the deals from each table are preserved and passed to
1185-899: A three-episode pilot run was aired in October 2013) and Bravo (Canadian TV channel) in July 2014. A celebrity version, called Celebrity Watch Party , premiered on Fox on 7 May 2020. An Irish edition of the programme debuted on 22 September 2016, a co-production between Kite Entertainment (Dublin) and Studio Lambert (London). By 2023, nine series had been broadcast. Polish version called Gogglebox. Przed telewizorem premiered on TTV on 6 September 2014. A Russian version called Диван (translated as "The Couch") premiered on CTC on 30 March 2017. Only one season aired, consisting of 8 episodes. The Finnish version called Sohvaperunat (translated as "Couch potatoes") premiered in February 2015. The show
1264-466: A time. Normally, rubber bridge is played with two packs of cards and whilst one pack is being dealt, the dealer's partner shuffles the other pack. After shuffling the pack is placed on the right ready for the next dealer. Before dealing, the next dealer passes the cards to the previous dealer who cuts them. In duplicate bridge the cards are pre-dealt, either by hand or by a computerized dealing machine, in order to allow for competitive scoring. Once dealt,
1343-508: A version featuring children ( Gogglesprogs ), a version featuring 16- to 24-year-olds as they watch online content ( Vlogglebox ) and a version featuring celebrities ( Celebrity Gogglebox ). The show was created by Stephen Lambert , Tania Alexander, and Tim Harcourt. Lambert is a media executive who had previously launched the Channel 4 television shows Wife Swap , Faking It , Undercover Boss , and The Secret Millionaire . Alexander
1422-489: A very large number of conventions from which players can choose; many books have been written detailing bidding conventions. Well-known conventions include Stayman (to ask the opening 1NT bidder to show any four-card major suit), Jacoby transfers (a request by (usually) the weak hand for the partner to bid a particular suit first, and therefore to become the declarer), and the Blackwood convention (to ask for information on
1501-639: Is Biritch, or Russian Whist written by John Collinson, an English financier working in Ottoman Constantinople . It and his subsequent letter to The Saturday Review dated 28 May 1906, document the origin of Biritch as being the Russian community in Constantinople. The word biritch is thought to be a transliteration of the Russian word Бирюч (бирчий, бирич), an occupation of a diplomatic clerk or an announcer. Another theory
1580-453: Is a list of cast members currently appearing in the programme. A version of the show featuring children, titled Gogglesprogs , launched as a Christmas special on Christmas Day 2015, and was followed by a full-length series that began airing on 17 June 2016. In 2017, a spin-off show titled Vlogglebox aired on E4 , which featured reactions from 16 to 24-year-olds as they watch online content on their smartphones, laptops or tablets. In 2019, it
1659-564: Is assigned to each seat, so that one partnership sits in North and South, while the other sits in West and East. The cards may be freshly dealt or, in duplicate bridge games, pre-dealt. All that is needed in basic games are the cards and a method of keeping score, but there is often other equipment on the table, such as a board containing the cards to be played (in duplicate bridge), bidding boxes , or screens . In rubber bridge each player draws
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#17327806451621738-468: Is at the heart of bidding in bridge. A number of basic rules of thumb in bridge bidding and play are summarized as bridge maxims . A bidding system is a set of partnership agreements on the meanings of bids. A partnership's bidding system is usually made up of a core system, modified and complemented by specific conventions (optional customizations incorporated into the main system for handling specific bidding situations) which are pre-chosen between
1817-419: Is no difference in score between a 1 ♠ and a 7 ♠ final bid, as the bonus for rubber, small slam or grand slam depends on the number of tricks taken rather than the number of tricks bid. The modern game of contract bridge was the result of innovations to the scoring of auction bridge by Harold Stirling Vanderbilt and others. The most significant change was that only the tricks contracted for were scored below
1896-494: Is permitted. The cards are then played , the declaring side trying to fulfill the contract, and the defenders trying to stop the declaring side from achieving its goal. The deal is scored based on the number of tricks taken, the contract, and various other factors which depend to some extent on the variation of the game being played. Rubber bridge is the most popular variation for casual play, but most club and tournament play involves some variant of duplicate bridge , where
1975-526: Is played in clubs and tournaments, which can gather as many as several hundred players. Duplicate bridge is a mind sport , and its popularity gradually became comparable to that of chess , with which it is often compared for its complexity and the mental skills required for high-level competition. Bridge and chess are the only "mind sports" recognized by the International Olympic Committee , although they were not found eligible for
2054-459: Is set to start its 16th season in the autumn of 2023. S4C and Studio Lambert aired Gogglebocs Cymru on 2 November 2022, as part of the channel's 40th anniversary celebrations. The show is narrated by Welsh comedian Tudur Owen. The series was renewed for a second series slated to air on 18 October 2023. It has also been nominated for a BAFTA Cymru award. Stephen Lambert (media executive) Too Many Requests If you report this error to
2133-552: Is that British soldiers invented the game bridge while serving in the Crimean War , and named it after the Galata Bridge , which they crossed on their way to a coffeehouse to play cards. Biritch had many significant bridge-like developments: dealer chose the trump suit, or nominated his partner to do so; there was a call of "no trumps" ( biritch ); dealer's partner's hand became dummy; points were scored above and below
2212-702: The American Whist League, and the United States Bridge Association. In 1935, the first officially recognized world championship was held. In 1958, the World Bridge Federation (WBF) was founded to promote bridge worldwide, coordinate periodic revision to the Laws (each ten years, next in 2027) and conduct world championships. In tournaments, " bidding boxes " are frequently used, as noted above. These avoid
2291-524: The Friday", which usually begins on a Tuesday afternoon or the Wednesday, with the production team working through the night to produce an initial cut. Lambert said the skill involved is "throwing away 99.9% of what people say". The team reviews the first edit on a Thursday afternoon, after which further cuts or tweaks are made before the narration is recorded and the episode is delivered for broadcast. This
2370-422: The Laws every 10 years; it also issues a Laws Commentary advising on interpretations it has rendered. In addition to the basic rules of play, there are many additional rules covering playing conditions and the rectification of irregularities, which are primarily for use by tournament directors who act as referees and have overall control of procedures during competitions. But various details of procedure are left to
2449-457: The US. Bridge is a four-player partnership trick-taking game with thirteen tricks per deal. The dominant variations of the game are rubber bridge , more common in social play; and duplicate bridge , which enables comparative scoring in tournament play. Each player is dealt thirteen cards from a standard 52-card deck. A trick starts when a player leads (i.e., plays the first card). The leader to
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2528-590: The Wikimedia System Administrators, please include the details below. Request from 172.68.168.226 via cp1108 cp1108, Varnish XID 222016230 Upstream caches: cp1108 int Error: 429, Too Many Requests at Thu, 28 Nov 2024 07:57:25 GMT Contract bridge Contract bridge , or simply bridge , is a trick-taking card game using a standard 52-card deck . In its basic format, it is played by four players in two competing partnerships , with partners sitting opposite each other around
2607-477: The agreed-upon meaning of each call and play must be available to the opponents. Since a partnership that has freedom to bid gradually at leisure can exchange more information, and since a partnership that can interfere with the opponents' bidding (as by raising the bidding level rapidly) can cause difficulties for their opponents, bidding systems are both informational and strategic. It is this mixture of information exchange and evaluation, deduction, and tactics that
2686-416: The bidding later – or bid a contract, specifying the level of their contract and either the trump suit or no trump (the denomination), provided that it is higher than the last bid by any player, including their partner. All bids promise to take a number of tricks in excess of six, so a bid must be between one (seven tricks) and seven (thirteen tricks). A bid is higher than another bid if either
2765-535: The cards are not re-dealt on each occasion, but the same deal is played by two or more sets of players (or "tables") to enable comparative scoring. Bridge is a member of the family of trick-taking games and is a derivative of whist , which had become the dominant such game and enjoyed a loyal following for centuries. The idea of a trick-taking, 52-card game has its first documented origins in Italy and France. The French physician and author Rabelais (1493–1553) mentions
2844-448: The cards are placed in a device called a "board" , having slots designated for each player's cardinal direction seating position. After a deal has been played, players return their cards to the appropriate slot in the board, ready to be played by the next table. The dealer opens the auction and can make the first call, and the auction proceeds clockwise. When it is their turn to call, a player may pass – but can enter into
2923-416: The concept of bidding into an auction , where partnerships compete to take a contract , specifying how many tricks they will need to take in order to receive points, and also specifying the trump suit (or no trump , meaning that there will be no trump suit). Players take turns to call in a clockwise order: each player in turn either passes, doubles – which increases the penalties for not making
3002-625: The contract for their partnership. In the example auction below, the east–west pair secures the contract of 6 ♠ ; the auction concludes when there have been three successive passes. Note that six tricks are added to contract values, so the six-level contract is a contract of twelve tricks. In practice, establishing a contract without enough information on the other partner's hand is difficult, so there exist many bidding systems assigning meanings to bids, with common ones including Standard American , Acol , and 2/1 game forcing . Contrast with Spades, where players only have to bid their own hand. After
3081-437: The contract is decided, and the first lead is made, the declarer's partner (dummy) lays their cards face up on the table, and the declarer plays the dummy's cards as well as their own. The opposing partnership is called the defenders , and their goal is to stop the declarer from fulfilling his contract. Once all the cards have been played, the hand is scored: if the declaring side makes their contract, they receive points based on
3160-429: The contract specified by the opposing partnership's last bid, but also increases the reward for making it – or redoubles, or states a contract that their partnership will adopt, which must be higher than the previous highest bid (if any). Eventually, the player who bid the highest contract – which is determined by the contract's level as well as the trump suit or no trump – wins
3239-766: The discretion of the zonal bridge organisation for tournaments under their aegis and some (for example, the choice of movement ) to the sponsoring organisation (for example, the club). Some zonal organisations of the WBF also publish editions of the Laws. For example, the American Contract Bridge League (ACBL) publishes the Laws of Duplicate Bridge and additional documentation for club and tournament directors. There are no universally accepted rules for rubber bridge, but some zonal organisations have published their own. An example for those wishing to abide by
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3318-407: The first trick is determined by the auction; the leader to each subsequent trick is the player who won the preceding trick. Each player, in clockwise order, plays one card on the trick. Players must play a card of the same suit as the original card led, unless they have none (said to be "void"), in which case they may play any card. The player who played the highest-ranked card wins the trick. Within
3397-559: The first trick. Dummy then lays his or her cards face-up on the table, organized in columns by suit. Play proceeds clockwise, with each player required to follow suit if possible. Tricks are won by the highest trump, or if there were none played, the highest card of the led suit. The player who won the previous trick leads to the next trick. The declarer has control of the dummy's cards and tells his partner which card to play at dummy's turn. There also exist conventions that communicate further information between defenders about their hands during
3476-479: The game that "bridge" became synonymous with "contract bridge". The form of bridge mostly played in clubs, tournaments and online is duplicate bridge . The number of people playing contract bridge has declined since its peak in the 1940s, when a survey found it was played in 44% of US households. The game is still widely played, especially amongst retirees, and in 2005 the ACBL estimated there were 25 million players in
3555-535: The green-light for a mini-series. The first series consisted of four episodes, the first of which aired on 7 March 2013. The show was a success, and a second series of 13 episodes began in September 2013. In November 2020, Alexander left Gogglebox after seven years to pursue a fresh challenge. She was replaced by Studio Lambert's deputy creative director, Mike Cotton, alongside Gogglebox executive producer Leon Campbell. The people cast on Gogglebox were found by
3634-466: The highest trump wins. For example, if the trump suit is spades and a player is void in the suit led and plays a spade card, they win the trick if no other player plays a higher spade. If a trump suit is led, the usual rule for trick-taking applies. Unlike its predecessor, whist , the goal of bridge is not simply to take the most tricks in a deal. Instead, the goal is to successfully estimate how many tricks one's partnership can take. To illustrate this,
3713-420: The households two or three evenings each week, and the cast watch the same programs as each other, which can amount to as much as six hours of television. Alexander said that the biggest problem encountered during the filming stage is the cast forgetting that they are meant to be commenting and having to be given "gentle prompts". She added that "the craft happens over the last couple of days before it goes out on
3792-453: The level is greater (e.g., 2 ♣ over 1NT) or the denomination is higher, with the order being in ascending (or alphabetical) order: ♣ , ♦ , ♥ , ♠ , and NT (no trump). Calls may be made orally or with a bidding box. If the last bid was by the opposing partnership, one may also double the opponents' bid, increasing the penalties for undertricks, but also increasing the reward for making the contract. Doubling does not carry to future bids by
3871-496: The level of the contract, with some trump suits being worth more points than others and no trump being the highest, as well as bonus points for overtricks . If the declarer fails to fulfill the contract, the defenders receive points depending on the declaring side's undertricks (the number of tricks short of the contract) and whether the contract was doubled by the defenders. The four players sit in two partnerships with players sitting opposite their partners. A cardinal direction
3950-424: The line toward game or a slam bonus, a change that resulted in bidding becoming much more challenging and interesting. Also new was the concept of "vulnerability", making sacrifices to protect the lead in a rubber more expensive. The various scores were adjusted to produce a more balanced and interesting game. Vanderbilt set out his rules in 1925, and within a few years contract bridge had so supplanted other forms of
4029-502: The line; game was 3NT, 4 ♥ and 5 ♦ (although 8 club odd tricks and 15 spade odd tricks were needed); the score could be doubled and redoubled; and there were slam bonuses. It has some features in common with solo whist . This game, and variants of it known as "bridge" and " bridge whist ", became popular in the United States and the United Kingdom in the 1890s despite the long-established dominance of whist. Its breakthrough
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#17327806451624108-621: The main Olympic program. In October 2017 the British High Court ruled against the English Bridge Union, finding that Bridge is not a sport under a definition of sport as involving physical activity, but did not rule on the "broad, somewhat philosophical question" as to whether or not bridge is a sport. The basic premise of duplicate bridge had previously been used for whist matches as early as 1857. Initially, bridge
4187-513: The methods used to find participants is termed "street casting", whereby the show's team looked in everyday public places; Leon and June were found in a bridge club , and Stephen and Chris were found in a hair salon. In later series, members of the show's production team visited random houses and held up a card that contained something, such as a picture of the British Prime Minister or a Daily Mail headline, and noted how quick
4266-450: The natural meaning of the call. Thus in response to 4NT, a 'natural' bid of 5 ♦ would state a preference towards a diamond suit or a desire to play in five diamonds, whereas if the partners have agreed to use the common Blackwood convention , a bid of 5 ♦ in the same situation would say nothing about the diamond suit, but would tell the partner that the hand in question contains exactly one ace. Conventions are valuable in bridge because of
4345-472: The need to pass information beyond a simple like or dislike of a particular suit, and because the limited bidding space can be used more efficiently by adopting a conventional (artificial) meaning for a given call where a natural meaning has less utility, because the information it conveys is not valuable or because the desire to convey that information arises only rarely. The conventional meaning conveys more useful (or more frequently useful) information. There are
4424-407: The next game. A partnership that wins two games wins the rubber, receiving a bonus of 500 points if the opponents have won a game, and 700 points if they have not. Overtricks score the same number of points per odd trick, although their doubled and redoubled values differ. Bonuses vary between the two bridge variations both in score and in type (for example, rubber bridge awards a bonus for holding
4503-432: The next table, thereby duplicating them for the other table(s) of players. At the end of a session, the scores for each deal are compared, and the most points are awarded to the players doing the best with each particular deal. This measures relative skill (but still with an element of luck) because each pair or team is being judged only on the ability to bid with, and play, the same cards as other players. Duplicate bridge
4582-442: The number of IMPs varies (but less than proportionately) with the points difference between the teams. Undertricks are scored in both variations as follows: The rules of the game are referred to as the laws as promulgated by various bridge organizations. The official rules of duplicate bridge are promulgated by the WBF as "The Laws of Duplicate Bridge 2017". The Laws Committee of the WBF, composed of world experts, updates
4661-445: The opponents unless future bids are doubled again. A player on the opposing partnership being doubled may also redouble , which increases the penalties and rewards further. Players may not see their partner's hand during the auction, only their own. There exist many bidding conventions that assign agreed meanings to various calls to assist players in reaching an optimal contract (or obstruct the opponents). The auction ends when, after
4740-436: The original idea for Gogglebox while watching the 2011 London riots , and along with Alexander, devised the format for the show. They wondered what people talked about while watching the news, and came up with the idea of cutting between people watching the same TV shows. Farah Golant, the boss of All3Media , said: "But the show isn't really about TV. The show is about people's lives, their relationships, their living rooms and
4819-528: The partners prior to play. The line between a well-known convention and a part of a system is not always clear-cut: some bidding systems include specified conventions by default. Bidding systems can be divided into mainly natural systems such as Acol and Standard American , and mainly artificial systems such as the Precision Club and Polish Club . Calls are usually considered to be either natural or conventional (artificial). A natural call carries
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#17327806451624898-506: The person responded and any funny, interesting, or insightful comments they had. The show has also found participants through recommendations, which was how the Siddiqui family and couple Giles and Mary were found. The programme is filmed in the viewers' homes using two small remotely controlled cameras, known as "hot heads", operated by a small team elsewhere in the home that set up a temporary production control room . This team consists of
4977-488: The play. At any time, a player may claim , stating that their side will win a specific number of the remaining tricks. The claiming player lays his cards down on the table and explains the order in which he intends to play the remaining cards. The opponents can either accept the claim and the round is scored accordingly, or dispute the claim. If the claim is disputed, play continues with the claiming player's cards face up in rubber games, or in duplicate games, play ceases and
5056-429: The players; then the players call (or bid ) in an auction seeking to take the contract , specifying how many tricks the partnership receiving the contract (the declaring side) needs to take to receive points for the deal. During the auction, partners use their bids to exchange information about their hands, including overall strength and distribution of the suits; no other means of conveying or implying any information
5135-464: The possibility of players at other tables hearing any spoken bids. The bidding cards are laid out in sequence as the auction progresses. Although it is not a formal rule, many clubs adopt a protocol that the bidding cards stay revealed until the first playing card is tabled, after which point the bidding cards are put away. Bidding pads are an alternative to bidding boxes. A bidding pad is a block of 100mm square tear-off sheets. Players write their bids on
5214-531: The programme debuted on 11 February 2015. It is a co-production between pay TV provider Foxtel and commercial Network Ten . It airs on Foxtel's Lifestyle Channel first and is repeated 24 hours later on Ten. The programme started its second season on 30 September 2015, and its third season in 2016. It is currently in its 17th season as of March 2023. Canadian ( Bell Media ), and American broadcasters. The American and Canadian versions, both called The People's Couch , premiered on Bravo on 10 March 2014 (although
5293-399: The remaining rounds, but in duplicate bridge, vulnerability is predetermined based on the number of each board. If the declaring side makes their contract, they receive points for odd tricks , or tricks bid and made in excess of six. In both rubber and duplicate bridge, the declaring side is awarded 20 points per odd trick for a contract in clubs or diamonds, and 30 points per odd trick for
5372-551: The rubber finishes when a partnership has won two games, but the partnership receiving the most overall points wins the rubber. Duplicate bridge is scored comparatively, meaning that the score for the hand is compared to other tables playing the same cards and match points are scored according to the comparative results: usually either "matchpoint scoring", where each partnership receives 2 points (or 1 point) for each pair that they beat, and 1 point (or 1 ⁄ 2 point) for each tie; or IMPs (international matchpoint) scoring, where
5451-2523: The show in the UK. S4C issued a competitive tender for the production rights on the same day, with the show scheduled to debut in autumn 2022 as part of the channel's 40th anniversary. Series 1, 2015 Series 2, 2015 Series 3, 2016 Series 4, 2016 Series 5, 2017 Series 6, 2017 Series 7, 2018 Series 8, 2018 Series 9, 2019 Series 10, 2019 Series 11, 2020 Series 12, 2020 Series 13, 2021 Series 14, 2021 Series 15, 2022 Series 16, 2022 Series 17, 2023 Series 18, 2023 Series 19, 2024 Series 1, 2014 Series 2, 2015 Series 3, 2015 Series 4, 2016 Series 5, 2016 Series 6, 2017 Series 7, 2017 Series 8, 2018 Series 9, 2018 Series 10, 2019 Series 11, 2019 Series 12, 2020 Series 13, 2021 Series 14, 2021 Series 15, 2022 Series 16, 2022 Series 17, 2023 Series 1, 2015 Series 2, 2016 Series 1, 2015 Series 2, 2016 Series 3, 2017 Series 4, 2017 Series 5, 2018 Series 6, 2018 Series 7, 2019 Series 8, 2019 Series 9, 2020 Series 10, 2020 Series 11, 2021 Series 12, 2021 Series 13, 2022 Series 14, 2022 Series 15, 2023 Series 16, 2023 Series 1, 2014 Series 1, 2014 Series 1, 2015 Series 1, 2023 Series 1, 2016 Series 2, 2017 Series 3, 2017 Series 4, 2018 Series 5, 2019 Series 6, 2020 Series 7, 2021 Series 8, 2022 Series 1, 2014 Series 1, 2016 Series 2, 2017 Series 1, 2016 Series 2, 2016 Series 3, 2017 Series 4, 2017 Series 5, 2017 Series 6, 2018 Series 7, 2018 Series 8, 2019 Series 9, 2019 Series 10, 2020 Series 11, 2020 Series 12, 2021 Series 13, 2021 Series 14, 2022 Series 15, 2022 Series 16, 2023 Series 1, 2014 Series 2, 2015 Series 3, 2016 Series 4, 2017 Series 1, 2021 Series 2, 2021 Series 3, 2022 Series 4, 2023 Series 1, Fall 2014 Series 2, Spring 2015 Series 3, Fall 2015 Series 4, Spring 2016 Series 5, Fall 2016 Series 6, Spring 2017 Series 7, Fall 2017 Series 8, Spring 2018 Series 9, Fall 2018 Series 10, Spring 2019 Series 11, Fall 2019 Series 12, Spring 2020 Series 13, Fall 2020 Series 14, Spring 2021 Series 15, Fall 2021 Series 16, Spring 2022 Series 17, Fall 2022 Series 18, Spring 2023 Series 19, Fall 2023 Series 1, 2014 Series 2, 2015 Series 3, 2015 Series 4, 2016 Series 1, 2014 Series 2, 2014 Series 3, 2015 Series 4, 2016 Series 1, 2022 Series 2, 2023 (upcoming) An Australian edition of
5530-410: The show, and the producers do not advertise for participants. Lambert said this approach is key to the show's success as it results in more likeable people and the audience can get to know the cast over time. From the beginning, Alexander did not want to feature people who wanted to be on television, and sought individuals "that had the ability to make us laugh very naturally and that's quite hard." One of
5609-449: The simpler partnership trick-taking game of spades has a similar mechanism: the usual trick-taking rules apply with the trump suit being spades, but in the beginning of the game, players bid or estimate how many tricks they can win, and the number of tricks bid by both players in a partnership are added. If a partnership takes at least that many tricks, they receive points for the round; otherwise, they lose penalty points. Bridge extends
5688-400: The top sheet. When the first trick is complete the sheet is torn off and discarded. In top national and international events, " bidding screens " are used. These are placed diagonally across the table, preventing partners from seeing each other during the game; often the screen is removed after the auction is complete. Much of the complexity in bridge arises from the difficulty of arriving at
5767-414: The tournament director is called to adjudicate the hand. At the end of the hand, points are awarded to the declaring side if they make the contract, or else to the defenders. Partnerships can be vulnerable , increasing the rewards for making the contract, but also increasing the penalties for undertricks. In rubber bridge, if a side has won 100 contract points, they have won a game and are vulnerable for
5846-432: The way children and parents talk about TV [...] That's quite priceless. It captures a cultural response to something that's happening in the world." The concept of Gogglebox was criticised before the show aired; Alexander recalled people thinking Channel 4 had run out of ideas, but credited the network's head of factual David Glover as the one who recognised the show's potential and subsequently ordered Alexander to produce
5925-522: Was Director of Factual Entertainment at Lambert's independent production company Studio Lambert , who said the idea was for Gogglebox to be a mix of the ITV comedy show Harry Hill's TV Burp , which looked back at the previous week's television, and the BBC sitcom The Royle Family , which centres on a television-fixated family, but with real, ordinary people. Harcourt, a Creative Director for Studio Lambert, had
6004-428: Was announced that a celebrity version had been ordered; Celebrity Gogglebox began airing in 2019. It was later renewed for a second series, which aired in 2020, a third series that aired in 2021, and a fourth series in 2022. In August 2022, it was announced that a Welsh-language version of the show, called Gogglebocs Cymru , would be produced for S4C , after Channel 4 had agreed to release exclusivity of its rights to
6083-426: Was its acceptance in 1894 by Lord Brougham at London's Portland Club . In 1904, auction bridge was developed, in which the players bid in a competitive auction to decide the contract and declarer. The object became to make at least as many tricks as were contracted for, and penalties were introduced for failing to do so. Auction bridge bidding beyond winning the auction is pointless. If taking all 13 tricks, there
6162-456: Was narrated by Caroline Aherne from its launch until April 2016, shortly before her death, after which Craig Cash took over. The show has won numerous awards. In 2014 and 2022, it won a BAFTA in the Reality & Constructed Factual category. From 2015 to 2018, in 2021, 2022 and 2023, it won a National Television Award . The success of Gogglebox spawned three spin-off series, including
6241-607: Was not thought to be suitable for duplicate competition; it was not until the 1920s that (auction) bridge tournaments became popular. In 1925 when contract bridge first evolved, bridge tournaments were becoming popular, but the rules were somewhat in flux, and several different organizing bodies were involved in tournament sponsorship: the American Bridge League (formerly the American Auction Bridge League , which changed its name in 1929),
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