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24-496: As of 2010, the municipality had a total population of 36,111, up from 27,331 as of 2005. As of 2010, the town of Chenalhó had a population of 3,143. Other than the town of Chenalhó, the municipality had 123 localities, the largest of which (with 2010 populations in parentheses) were: Tzeltal (2,068), Belisario Domínguez (1,526), Yibeljoj (1,286), Puebla (1,245), and Miguel Utrilla (Los Chorros) (1,113), classified as rural. The Acteal Massacre of 22 December 1997 occurred in

48-596: A federal judge assigned to the Acteal case sentenced, on July 22, 18 persons for their responsibility in this massacre. Each one got 40 years in prison. As of July 2008 , the Supreme Court decided to reopen the case due to the consistency of the reports made by different organisations pointing to the lack of accessibility of data of the case. In 2014 the US Supreme Court turned down a case filed by

72-520: A personal capacity and are not considered to represent their countries of origin but rather "all the member countries of the Organization" (Art. 35 of the convention). The convention (Art. 34) says that they must "be persons of high moral character and recognized competence in the field of human rights". No two nationals of the same member state may be commissioners simultaneously (Art. 37), and commissioners are required to refrain from participating in

96-561: A victim speaking for Las Abejas , requested that the investigation continue and that former President Zedillo be tried. Inter-American Commission on Human Rights The Inter-American Commission on Human Rights (the IACHR or, in the three other official languages – Spanish, French, and Portuguese  – CIDH , Comisión Interamericana de los Derechos Humanos , Commission Interaméricaine des Droits de l'Homme , Comissão Interamericana de Direitos Humanos )

120-627: A year to examine allegations of human rights violations in the hemisphere. Its human rights duties stem from three documents: The inter-American system for the protection of human rights emerged with the adoption of the American Declaration of the Rights and Duties of Man by the OAS in April 1948 – the first international human rights instrument of a general nature, predating

144-684: Is an autonomous organ of the Organization of American States (OAS). The separate Inter-American Court of Human Rights is an autonomous judicial institution based in the city of San José, Costa Rica . Together the Court and the Commission make up the human rights protection system of the OAS. The IACHR is a permanent body, with headquarters in Washington, D.C. , United States, and it meets in regular and special sessions several times

168-475: Is currently binding on 24 of the OAS's 35 member states. The commission's performance has not been always welcomed. Among others, Venezuela has accused the Commission of politicization. Others criticize the commission's stress on certain issues over others. These criticisms have given rise to what was called the "Strengthening Process of the Commission". This process began in 2011, led by the States belonging to

192-568: Is unpaid. Rapporteurships are initially established by the commission as thematic units prior to being upgraded to rapporteurships. The IACHR also has a Press and Outreach Office. The Commission processes petitions lodged with it pursuant to its Rules of Procedure. Petitions may be filed by NGOs or individuals. Unlike most court filings, petitions are confidential documents and are not made public. Petitions must meet three requirements; domestic remedies must have already been tried and failed (exhaustion), petitions must be filed within six months of

216-667: The Bolivarian Alliance for the Americas . The main task of the IACHR is to promote the observance and defense of human rights in the Americas . In pursuit of this mandate it: The IACHR has created several thematic rapporteurships and two special rapporteurships to monitor OAS states' compliance with inter-American human rights treaties in the following areas: The Special Rapporteur for Freedom of Expression and

240-545: The Special Rapporteur for Economic, Social, Cultural, and Environmental Rights  [ es ] are full-time dedicated positions. The former was created in 1997, while the latter was established in 2017, with Soledad García Muñoz of Argentina as the first holder of the office. The other rapporteurships are in the hands of the commissioners, who have other functions at the IACHR and also their own jobs in their home countries, since their work as commissioners

264-576: The Universal Declaration of Human Rights by more than six months. The IACHR was created in 1959. It held its first meeting in 1960, and it conducted its first on-site visit to inspect the human rights situation in the Dominican Republic in 1961. A major step in the development of the system was taken in 1965 when the commission was expressly authorized to examine specific cases of human rights violations. Since that date

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288-542: The 30 signers have agreed to lead peaceful, productive lives, and that the government has agreed to respect the rights of individuals who choose not to sign. Survivors of the massacre had requested the creation of Truth Commission in December 2018 , a few days after the inauguration of President Andrés Manuel López Obrador . On September 2, 2020, the Secretariat for Home Affairs admitted to having responsibility for

312-649: The Abejas organized a peace and justice caravan to Oaxaca , to show their support for the Popular Assembly of the Oaxacan People (APPO) and denounce the repression and violence perpetrated by the state and federal governments. They also delivered at least three tons of food, water, and medicine to the APPO. On August 27, 2007, Martín Rangel Cervantes, writing in national daily El Universal , stated that

336-653: The IACHR has received thousands of petitions and has processed in excess of 12,000 individual cases. In 1969, the guiding principles behind the American Declaration were taken, reshaped, and restated in the American Convention on Human Rights . The Convention defines the human rights that the states parties are required to respect and guarantee, and it also ordered the establishment of the Inter-American Court of Human Rights . It

360-445: The discussion of cases involving their home countries. Source of IACHR Composition. The staff of the IACHR comprise its Secretariat, which is led by an Executive Secretary, who serves for what have recently been four-year, renewable contracts. In August 2020, OAS Secretary General Luis Almagro announced that he would not renew Paulo Abrão's contract as Executive Secretary of the IACHR, citing 61 personnel complaints by staff of

384-524: The last action taken in a domestic system (timeliness), petitions can not be before another court (duplication of procedure). Once a petition has been filed, it follows the following procedure: The IACHR's ranking officers are its seven commissioners. The commissioners are elected by the OAS General Assembly , for four-year terms, with the possibility of re-election on one occasion, for a maximum period in office of eight years. They serve in

408-510: The massacre, including recognition of the deaths caused by the paramilitary forces related to the government and the Institutional Revolutionary Party . An Acuerdo de Solución Amistosa ("Friendly Settlement Agreement") is scheduled to be signed by 30 collateral victims of the massacre on September 3, 2020, that will include money for infrastructure projects in the region. The National Human Rights Commission said

432-621: The massacre. Alejandro Encinas Rodríguez , Undersecretary for Human Rights, officially admitted that the Mexican government had responsibility for the massacre, and he offered a public apology to the victims. This announcement and the signing of the Friendly Settlement Agreement ended the lawsuit filed in the Inter-American Commission on Human Rights by the victims. However, Fernando Luna Pérez,

456-485: The municipality of Chenalhó. This article about a location in the Mexican state of Chiapas is a stub . You can help Misplaced Pages by expanding it . Acteal Massacre The Acteal massacre was a massacre of 45 people attending a prayer meeting of Catholic indigenous townspeople, including a number of children and pregnant women, who were members of the pacifist group Las Abejas ("The Bees"), in

480-578: The organization. The Commissioners of the IACHR had unanimously approved the contract extension in January 2020, and expressed their "profound rejection" of Almagro's action "whose refusal to renew this contract breaks with a 20-year practice of respecting the IACHR's decision to appoint its own Executive Secretary and thus makes it difficult to obtain truth, justice, and reparation for those whose labor rights have been affected." UN High Commissioner for Human Rights Michelle Bachelet , Human Rights Watch , and

504-449: The reason for the attack, and government involvement or complicity. Soldiers at a nearby military outpost did not intervene during the attack, which lasted for hours. The following morning, soldiers were found washing the church walls to hide the blood stains. Some of the pregnant women who were part of the prayer group were intentionally stabbed and shot in the belly to kill their unborn children. The EZLN and many Chiapas residents accused

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528-509: The ruling Institutional Revolutionary Party (PRI) of complicity, and following the change of government in 2000, survivors alleged that the investigation was being stalled, with authorities refusing to question or arrest suspects in the attacks. Las Abejas, composed of people from 48 indigenous communities in the highlands of Chiapas, engaged in activism, issuing communiqués that denounced violence through actions centered around fasting and prayer. In November 2006, 100 men and 100 women members of

552-715: The small village of Acteal in the municipality of Chenalhó , in the Mexican state of Chiapas . Right-wing paramilitary group Máscara Roja murdered the victims on December 22, 1997, while the Government of Mexico first admitted responsibility for the massacre in September 2020. The Las Abejas activists professed their support for the goals of the Zapatista Army of National Liberation (Ejército Zapatista de Liberación Nacional - EZLN), including their rejection of applying violent means. Many suspect this affiliation as

576-401: The survivors of Acteal massacre against Connecticut resident and former Mexican President Ernesto Zedillo on grounds of "sovereign Immunity" as a former head of state. On October 20, 2015, a group of Las Abejas group had a public hearing before the Inter-American Commission on Human Rights . In July 2020 , the government announced it was taking twenty actions to repair the damage related to

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