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107-771: The Great Lakes Field Service Council was the result of a 2012 merger of nine local councils into a statewide council due to an initiative to reorganize the administrative structure of the Boy Scouts of America. The Great Lakes Field Service Council was merged into the Eastern Division of the Michigan Crossroads Council in 2020 and as a result the Noquet Lodge #29 was officially merged into the Mishigami Lodge #29. Any references to

214-549: A Board of Fish Commissioners in 1873, stocked rivers with whitefish , black bass , and non-native species such as California salmon , California trout , German carp , and brook trout . The Board of Fish Commissioners created its first fish hatchery at Crystal Springs Creek in Pokagon and shipped rail cars full of small fish to streams across Michigan. As the grayling vanished from the Au Sable, Manistee and other rivers,

321-1002: A Jesuit Mission to the Odawa was established in Manistee. In the 1760s after defeating the French in the French and Indian War (and in the Seven Years' War in Europe), the British took control of the Straits of Mackinac and other French territory east of the Mississippi River. They encountered resistance from the Natives, who rose up in what was called Pontiac's War (1763–1766). On June 2, 1763 Ojibwe and Sauk warriors killed

428-573: A National OA Grant and will redo the docks on one of the 2 lakes. There is a living history themed campsite called Fort Pontiac. Fort Pontiac was created by the Chief Pontiac Trail Committee (CPT) as a resource for Scout units to conduct primitive skills training. It includes a blacksmith shoppe, carpentry shoppe and brick oven that may be used by units that have a leader who has taken the FORT Skills training conducted by

535-528: A Pacific Ocean passage. In 1728, fur trader Augustin Langlade obtained a fur trading license at Michilimackinac . He and his half-Ottawa son Charles Michel de Langlade (born at the fort in 1729) would later strongly influence the Northern Michigan fur trade as well as French relations with Great Lakes tribes during the 1712 to 1733 Fox Wars and the 1754–1763 French and Indian War . By 1745,

642-420: A blow to Michilimackinac's economic significance. The Erie Canal opened in 1825, allowing settlers from New England and New York to reach Michigan by water through Albany and Buffalo . This route opening and the incorporation of Chicago in 1837, increased Great Lakes steamboat traffic from Detroit through the straits of Mackinac to Chicago. While the coastal areas were travelled, practically nothing

749-720: A decision to merge their Field Service Councils to create one central Council. The Organization of the Michigan Crossroads Council Boy Scouts of America councils in Area 2 of the Central Region is unique to Michigan. The Michigan Crossroads Council (MCC) was created by the merger of nine councils in the lower peninsula of Michigan . It is a coordinating council that oversees properties, personnel, and program. As of 2021, Michigan Crossroads council has absorbed it's Field Service Councils and

856-614: A full-fledged lumber industry, contributing to the rise of port cities like Manistee , Traverse City , Charlevoix , and Ludington . Starting in the 1870s, railroads were built connecting Northern Michigan to larger industrial areas to the south. The Grand Rapids and Indiana Railroad reached Traverse City in December 1872 (via Walton Junction and Traverse City Rail Road Company ) and reached Petoskey (known up to that point as " Bear River ") in 1873. The Flint and Pere Marquette Railroad completed its terminal at Ludington in 1874. While

963-948: A larger realignment The Detroit Area Council received a charter to create an Order of the Arrow lodge in the summer of 1939. Inductions for the new lodge were held at the Detroit Area Council's two summer camps – Charles Howell Scout Reservation and Camp Brady. The initial inductions were assisted by the Munhake Lodge in Ann Arbor and the Chippewa Lodge in Pontiac. Throughout the summer, the lodge continued to initiate its own members. The new lodge selected its name and totem as Migisi Opawgan, meaning "Eagle" and "Peace Pipe" respectively, in 1941. The name comes from

1070-502: A locus of trade for the American Fur Company and was the site where Army doctor William Beaumont became Post surgeon in 1820 and began conducting his famous digestion experiments on 19-year-old Alexis St. Martin between 1822 and 1833. Mackinac Island was also the site where Henry Schoolcraft located his US Indian Agent headquarters starting in 1833. Following the 1830 Indian Removal Act , Schoolcraft negotiated

1177-484: A retreat owned by Ford Motor Company executive Harry Bennett . Throughout the year, especially summer camp, tours were offered of Bennett Lodge. In 2003, Chippewa Lodge, the former service lodge to the camp, unveiled a new 10-mile trail, dubbed Chippewa "Chippy" Trail, in Lost Lake's back forty. Lost Lake closed at the end of 2012. The council was served by the Noquet Lodge 29. The word Noquet means Bear Claw in

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1284-571: A system of Métis (descendants of indigenous women who married French (and later Scottish) fur trappers and traders) settlements and trading posts was established throughout Michigan, Wisconsin, and to a lesser extent in Illinois and Indiana. As late as 1829 the Métis were dominant in the economy of Wisconsin and influential in Northern Michigan in part because they were able to work as intermediaries between natives and white fur traders. US settlement of

1391-408: A topic of contention between people who are from different Peninsulas. The two regions are connected by the 5-mile-long Mackinac Bridge . Those living South of the bridge are known as trolls, while those living above the bridge are yoopers. All of the northern Lower Peninsula – north of a line from Manistee County on the west to Iosco County on the east (the second orange tier up on the map) –

1498-407: A two-year break in 1678–1679), and again from 1688 to 1695. Under Nouvel, a new chapel was built in approximately 1674. By 1683 the mission was so successful and prosperous that three priests, Fathers Nicholas Potier, Enjalran, and Pierre Bailloquet , were assigned there. The establishment of a French garrison at St. Ignace in 1679 disrupted relations between the French and the local population, as

1605-632: Is Traverse City , with over 15 thousand inhabitants. Grand Traverse County is the largest county in Northern Michigan by population, at just under 100,000. Grand Traverse County also contains the three most populous municipalities in Northern Michigan: Garfield Township , Traverse City (which partially extends into Leelanau County ), and East Bay Township . The area was populated by many different ethnicities, including groups from New England (Maine, Vermont, New York), Ireland , Germany , and Poland . The Odawa nation

1712-503: Is a region of the U.S. state of Michigan . A popular tourist destination, it is home to several small- to medium-sized cities, extensive state and national forests, lakes and rivers, and a large portion of Great Lakes shoreline. The region has a significant seasonal population much like other regions that depend on tourism as their main industry. Northern Lower Michigan is distinct from the more northerly Upper Peninsula and Isle Royale , which are also located in "northern" Michigan. In

1819-1041: Is a weekend full of trainings, fellowship, amazing shows, and more, all with the main purpose of activating and inspiring arrowmen. The Order of the Arrow consists of four main levels: National, Regional, Sectional, and Council. Mishigami lodge sits at the council level. Beyond the council level arrowmen have a variety of opportunities to serve larger parts of the organization as a whole. Adults also have opportunities to serve at these levels as well. Individuals from Mishigami that have provided such service may be found below. Service Beyond The Lodge: Daniel Miller: 2021-2022 Section C2 Chief Zachary Dotson: 2021-2022 Section C2 Vice Chief Michael Ferdig: 2021-2022 Section C2 Secretary; 2022-2024 Section E2 Vice Chief Broan Chrzanowski: 2022-Present Section E2 Adviser Timothy Pfeiffer: 2022-2023 Section E2 Secretary; 2023-2024 Section E2 Chief Madison Wagner: 2024-2025 Section E2 Chief Jack Lehmann: 2024-2025 Section E2 Vice Chief Ryan Shork: 2024-2025 Section E2 Secretary All properties in

1926-478: Is considered to be part of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Gaylord . The geographical theme of this region is shaped by rolling hills, Great Lakes shorelines including coastal dunes on the west coast, large inland lakes, numerous rivers and large forests. A tension zone is identified running from Muskegon to Saginaw Bay marked by a change in soil type and common tree species. North of the line

2033-569: Is now divided into two administrative divisions. These divisions are formally called the President Ford Division, encompassing most of the western counties of Michigan's lower peninsula; and the Great Lakes Division encompassing the lower peninsula's eastern counties. President Ford Division Great Lakes Division The council is served by the Mishigami Lodge 29. The word Mishigami means "Land of Great Waters" in

2140-533: Is often debated among Michiganders, with there being no definitive answer on the subject. The 45th parallel runs across Northern Michigan. Signs in the Lower Peninsula that mark that line are at Mission Point Light (just north of Traverse City ); Suttons Bay ; Cairn Highway in Kewadin ; Alba, Michigan, on U.S. 131 Highway (approximately two miles north of County Road 42, with signs on both sides of

2247-605: Is performed by committees which have youth chairmen and adult advisers. A volunteer Lodge Adviser is appointed by the Scout Executive. The lodge adviser appoints other adults to serve as advisers to specific lodge officers and committees. The Scout Executive also appoints a member of the professional staff to serve a Staff Adviser to the lodge. Mishigami is one of the six lodges that make up Section E2. Section E2 serves to support six lodges all across Michigan, Western Ohio, and Northern Kentucky. The section works closely with

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2354-536: The East Jordan and Southern Railroad enabled access to remote timber areas. As lumbering declined, rail lines began to promote Northern Michigan as a "fresh air" resort destination, and the logging companies promoted their cut-over, stump-filled tracts for their agricultural potential. The resort era flourished in lakeside areas of Northern Michigan even as the fishing and lumbering industries experienced slow decline. Historian Bruce Catton 's memoir Waiting for

2461-654: The Great Peace of Montreal was signed in 1701 in Montreal by the French and 39 Indian chiefs including Kondiaronk (the chief of the Mackinaw-area Huron ). When Antoine Laumet de La Mothe, sieur de Cadillac left the area in 1701 to found Detroit , taking many of the St. Ignace residents with him, the importance of the mission declined dramatically. The St. Ignace Mission remained open until 1705, when it

2568-539: The Land Office . Increased white immigration and homesteading in Northern Michigan brought difficulties in dispatching of Native American land claims stemming from the treaty of 1836. Bands of Chippewa and Odawa Indians sought redress through the Treaty of 1855 ; by this 1855 treaty agreement, lands and payments would be set aside for individual Native American families related to the 1836 treaty, but after this treaty,

2675-575: The Laurel complex . They were part of the Hopewell Indian exchange system, which is named after a prehistoric tribe that existed in the Great Lakes region . According to Menominee tradition, this tribe's original homeland was farther north, near present-day Sault Ste. Marie and Michilimackinac. At some period before European contact (probably around 1600), they were forced southwest to

2782-684: The Leelanau Peninsula ), Peter Greensky's Methodist Greensky Hill church founded near the Little Traverse Bay in 1844, and an 1848 congregationalist mission founded by Chief Peter Waukazoo and Reverend George Smith in Northport (on the Leelanau Peninsula ). The Strangite Mormon community move to Beaver Island in 1848 brought additional conflicts as the Mormon leaders sought to enforce laws and restrict use of alcohol on

2889-737: The Menominee River by arrival of the Ojibwe, Odawa, and Potawatomi from the east. Odawa history written by Andrew Blackbird records that Emmet County was thickly populated by a race of Indians that they called the Mush-co-desh , which means "the prairie tribe". The Mush-co-desh had an agrarian society and were said to have "shaped the land by making the woodland into prairie as they abandoned their old worn out gardens which formed grassy plains". Ottawa tradition claims that they slaughtered from forty to fifty thousand Mush-co-desh and drove

2996-743: The Michigan Central Railroad reached Otsego County in the fall of 1872, rail investments slowed for several years due to the financial panic of 1873 and the ensuing five year economic slowdown . Cheboygan and Mackinaw City did not have rail service until the early 1880s. Despite setbacks from the Great Michigan Fire in 1871 in Manistee and other lumbering ports, lumbering in Northern Michigan greatly increased. New mechanical tools such as steam-powered (versus water-powered) sawmills and circular saws expanded

3103-769: The Michigan Territory (established in 1805) was punctuated by misunderstandings with Native Americans over land ownership. Meanwhile, in 1804, Mackinac Island was the center of the American fur trade. Gurdon Saltonstall Hubbard was one of many of John Jacob Astor 's trappers and voyageurs who plied the waters of the Great Lakes in Mackinaw boats and collected pelts to be sold in Europe. As US Congress passed trade and intercourse acts to regulate trade with

3210-550: The Old Mission Peninsula , William Montague Ferry 's Presbyterian-affiliated 1825 Mission House / Mission Church on Mackinac Island, Magdelaine Laframboise and Samuel Charles Mazzuchelli 's Catholic Sainte Anne Church on Mackinac Island in 1830, Frederic Baraga Francis Xavier Pierz and Ignatius Mrak 's Catholic mission to the people of the Chippewa and Ottawa at L'Arbre Croche and Peshawbestown (on

3317-699: The Seneca (part of the Iroquois Confederacy) as part of the Beaver Wars ; they sought to gain more hunting grounds in order to control the lucrative fur trade. That summer and again in 1687, La Durantaye led coureurs de bois and Indians from the Straits against the Seneca homeland in the territory of western upper New York state. During these years, English traders from New York penetrated the Great Lakes and also traded at Michilimackinac . This, and

Great Lakes Field Service Council - Misplaced Pages Continue

3424-654: The United States Lifesaving Service did not establish a system of Great Lakes Lifeboat stations on the Great Lakes until the 1870s, some volunteer stations, such as the North Manitou Island Lifesaving Station were created as early as 1854. In the 1836 Treaty of Washington , Michigan tribes ceded claims to land in Northern Michigan—and opened it to settlement. In the 1840s, Odawa villages lined

3531-589: The Upper Peninsula of Michigan , voted against merging into MCC and later merged with the Bay-Lakes Council in Wisconsin. As a result, in 2012, the remaining Lower Peninsula councils were merged into the Michigan Crossroads Council (MCC). The MCC is then split into four sub-councils or "Field Service Councils" which are then divided into districts. In 2020, Michigan Crossroads Council made

3638-642: The arctic grayling . In the same way, the Grand Rapids and Indiana Railway published a "Guide to the Health, Pleasure, Game and Fishing Resorts of Northern Michigan reached by the Grand Rapids and Indiana Railroad" in 1882. In 1880, Ansel Judd Northrup, a lawyer from New York, published a detailed account of his train trip to fish Northern Michigan, and he assessed the Au Sable, Manistee River , Cheboygan River , Pigeon River , and Jordan River for trout and grayling fishing. The state of Michigan, having created

3745-536: The outbreak of war between England and France in 1689 , led to the new commandant Louis de La Porte de Louvigny directing construction of Fort de Buade in 1690. In the 1690s, commander Antoine de la Mothe Cadillac used Fort de Buade as a base of operations to explore and map the Great Lakes. Cadillac left St. Ignace in 1697 and the Jesuits vacated their residence and church by 1705. The Beaver Wars ended when

3852-687: The south ) to subzero days in winter. With the expansive hardwood forest in Northern Michigan, "fall color" tourists are found throughout the area in early to mid-autumn. When the spring rains come, many roads and bridges become impassable due to flooding or muddy to the point a four-wheel drive cannot pass. Snowfall varies throughout the region due to lake-effect snow from the prevailing westerly winds off of Lake Michigan : average yearly snow ranges from 141.4 inches or 3.59 metres in Gaylord to 52.4 inches or 1.33 metres in Harrisville . Both

3959-446: The 1836 Treaty of Washington which opened up the land north of Grand Rapids for unequivocal legal ownership and settlement of lands in Northern Michigan, with provision that land sales would provide some monetary means to fund skills training for the Natives to assimilate to "civilized" life. Despite the presence of fur trade, US military and Indian offices, and various tradesmen, the settled population of Michilimackinac (defined as all

4066-714: The 1880s. By 1881, the rich fishing areas around the Beaver Archipelago led to Beaver Island becoming the largest supplier of fresh-water fish in the United States. By 1886, there was a drastic reduction in the amount of fishing produced, due to overfishing. In 1893, the Michigan Fish Commission commissioned the University of Nebraska Zoologist Henry Ward to study the sources of food for Traverse Bay area fish. The passenger pigeon

4173-480: The 1960s (due in part to increased automobile travel), aggressive promotion of Northern Michigan by local chambers of commerce led to many of the festivals and attractions that bring visitors north even today. Residents of Northern Michigan generally consider it to lie between Grayling and the Mackinac Bridge. The southern boundary of the region is not precisely defined. Some residents in the southern part of

4280-647: The Beaver Archipelago. Key fishing settlements included "Fishtown" in Leland, Michigan , and the Beaver Island Archipelago . Early Northern Michigan lighthouses included Thunder Bay Island Light (1831), Old Presque Isle Light (1840), South Manitou Island Lighthouse (1840), DeTour Reef Light (1847), Waugoshance Light (1851), Grand Traverse Light (1852), Tawas Point Light (1853), Beaver Island Harbor Light (1856), Beaver Island Head Light (1858), and Point Betsie Light (1858). While

4387-582: The Beaver Wars raged on, Marquette evangelized the Indians. From May 17, 1673, until Marquette's death near Ludington on May 18, 1675, Father Marquette and Louis Jolliet explored and mapped Lake Michigan and the northern portion of the Mississippi River. In 1679, René-Robert Cavelier, Sieur de La Salle and Father Louis Hennepin set out on Le Griffon to find the Northwest Passage ; it

Great Lakes Field Service Council - Misplaced Pages Continue

4494-523: The CPT. The CPT also conducts living history themed weekends during which the CPT committee members are in attendance in period clothing representing 1775. During these times the CPT fort staff are demonstrating period crafts and providing hands-on activities to those in camp. Effective January 1, 2013, the camp is closed. With the closure of Camp Agawam, the Chief Pontiac Village has relocated

4601-454: The Council and/or Lodge are accurate to their final form before their respective mergers. To find current information about Michigan Crossroads Council or Mishigami Lodge, visit michiganscouting.org or mishigami.org The Great Lakes Field Service Council is divided into eight districts divided by the school and religious districts they serve. The Great Lakes Council was a product of merging

4708-584: The Detroit Area Council and the Clinton Valley Council. On August 4, 2009, the two councils voted to merge and the new Council officially came into existence on October 1, 2009. On November 10, 2009, after a month-long contest, the new name Great Lakes Council was selected to represent the new council. In 2020, Michigan Crossroads Council made a decision to merge their Field Service Councils to create one central Council. Note: while these camps have historically been connected to Scouting in

4815-406: The French forts in the northwest: Fort Saint Louis des Illinois ( Utica, Illinois ); Fort Kaministigoya ( Thunder Bay, Ontario ); and Fort la Tourette ( Lake Nipigon, Ontario ). He was also responsible for the region around Green Bay in present-day Wisconsin. In the spring of 1684, La Durantaye led a relief expedition from Saint Ignace to Fort Saint Louis des Illinois, which had been besieged by

4922-619: The Lake Michigan shore, especially from present-day Harbor Springs to Cross Village . The area on the tip of the peninsula was mostly reserved for native tribes by treaty provisions with the U.S. federal government until 1875. Early government had been centered around Mackinac Island and St. Ignace, but between 1840 and 1853, the state broke up this single large Michilimackinac County and established names and boundaries of about 21 counties across Northern Michigan. This naming and surveying allowed specific platted lands to be sold at

5029-527: The Metro Detroit area, since 2012 they are all owned and/or operated by the Michigan Crossroads Council rather than the Great Lakes Field Service Council. Camp Agawam is a 140-acre (0.6 km) camp located in northern Oakland County , Michigan. Camp Agawam is a Boy Scout Camp and is the third of four pieces of property owned by the Great Lakes Field Service Council. It was purchased in 1918 as Camp Pontiac and renamed in 1938. Camp Agawam features 9 campsites, 3 lodges, and 2 lakes. In 2009, Chippewa 29 received

5136-533: The Michigan Crossroads Council are operated by the council-wide Outdoor Adventures Division. Each year, the Outdoor Adventures Committee assesses the council property and determines which programs each camp will be operating such as resident summer camps, weekend camping, or shooting sports activities. The following is a list of camps that MCC operates: The following are open in the summer for Cub Scout, Boy Scout, and Venturing resident camps. They are also open for weekend reservations year-round. Since its inception,

5243-477: The Michigan Crossroads Council has closed and sold several camps owned by predecessor councils to balance its finances. The following camp properties are no longer operated for an indefinite amount of time and are not available for reservations: Northern Michigan Northern Michigan , also known as Northern Lower Michigan (known colloquially to residents of more southerly parts of the state and summer residents from cities such as Detroit as "Up North" ),

5350-578: The Morning Train (1972) documents his personal experiences of early 20th-century life in a small Northern Michigan town as Michigan's logging era was ending. Ernest Hemingway also documented turn-of-the-century life in Northern Michigan through his " Nick Adams " stories; Hemingway's own parents were resorters, wintering in Oak Park, Illinois , but summering in the Windemere cottage on Walloon Lake starting in 1899. As lumbering died down, many parts of Northern Michigan returned to their forested state through conservation efforts. The Huron National Forest

5457-439: The Native Americans, and participants in early Great Lakes maritime industries such as fishing, lighthouses, and cutting cordwood for passing ships. In 1835, Lieutenant Benjamin Poole of the 3rd U.S. Artillery . surveyed a former Indian path between Saginaw and Mackinac that would become known as the Mackinac Trail . Missions to Native Americans included Rev. Peter Dougherty and Rev. John Fleming's 1839 Presbyterian mission on

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5564-406: The Odawa had created settlements down the coast of Lake Michigan into the Grand Traverse Bay area, with an approximate population between 1,550 and 3,000. This population varied with the seasons, as the tradition was to migrate inland to different camps (sometimes as far as to Illinois) depending upon the season. Some Ojibwe bands also shared the Grand Traverse Bay region with the Odawa. In 1751,

5671-406: The Ojibwa Language. The hyphens were removed from the lodge's name in the 1980s. Eagles and Peace Pipes figured prominently in most lodge insignia during its many years. The Lodge was assigned number 162. Continuing on its initial foundation at Boy Scout Summer Camp, Migisi Opawgan continued to provide service to the Detroit Area Camps. Although camps Brady and Howell were closed in 1959 in 1986,

5778-447: The Ojibwa language. The lodge used bears and bears claws as symbols on its insignia. Noquet Lodge performed service to all Great Lakes Council Camps, hosted fellowship activities, promoted camping among council Boy Scout Troops and Cub Scout Packs, and attended regional and national Order of the Arrow events. Noquet Lodge was divided into administrative units called chapters. There were five chapters, each corresponding to one or more of

5885-612: The Ojibwa language. The lodge uses the Mastodon as its totem. Mishigami Lodge performs service to all Michigan Crossroads Council Camps, hosts fellowship activities, promotes camping among council Scout Troops, Venturing Crews, and Cub Scout Packs, and attends regional and national Order of the Arrow events. Like all Order of the Arrow programs, the Mishigami Lodge has youth leaders who are advised by appointed adults. The six lodge officers (Chief, Vice-Chief of Program, Vice-Chief of Unit Relations, Vice-Chief of Administration, Treasurer, and Lodge Secretary) are elected annually. The lodge's work

5992-407: The Robert Rutherford Service Award, the Russell Neynaber Award, the Harold Oatley Service Award (formerly Arrowman of the Year Award), and the Extended Elangomat Award. After the merger of the 4 lodges of Michigan’s lower peninsula in 2021, Migisi Opawgan Chapter became part of the Noquet Area of Mishigami Lodge 29. On February 1, 2022, in the Mishigami Lodge Area Realignment, the chapter became part of

6099-435: The South Service Area of Mishigami Lodge. Michigan Crossroads Council The Michigan Crossroads Council (MCC) is a local council of the Boy Scouts of America that encompasses the Lower Peninsula of Michigan . The council was formed in 2012 by the merger of nine councils. The Scouting program in the Lower Peninsula of Michigan saw a drastic drop in membership beginning in the early 2000s. The decrease in population

6206-460: The US would cease to owe anything ("land, money or other thing guaranteed to them") to Indians or their tribes. Now that the land was surveyed and outstanding native land claims eliminated, Northern Michigan settlement increased even further. The Homestead Act of 1862 brought many Civil War veterans and speculators to Northern Michigan, by making 160 acre tracts of land available for $ 1.25 an acre. The cutting of wood for passing ships morphed into

6313-399: The Upper Great Lakes . In 1634, Jean Nicolet passed through the straits of Mackinac on the way to Wisconsin. While France colonized the interior lands along the St. Lawrence River , the Dutch and English began colonizing the East Coast of North America, setting up fur trade and arming the Iroquois along the east and southeast of the Great Lakes. Competition for trade and pelts resulted in

6420-465: The Upper Peninsula is not usually included in the definition of Northern Michigan (although Northern Michigan University is located in the U.P. city of Marquette ), and is instead regarded by Michigan residents as a distinct region of the state, although residents of the Upper Peninsula often say that "Northern Michigan" is not in the Lower Peninsula. They insist the region must only be referred to as "Northern Lower Michigan", and this can sometimes become

6527-479: The ability to process high volumes of lumber quickly. Narrow-gauge moveable rails made it possible to harvest timber year round, in previously inaccessible places away from rivers. The Michigan lumber market experienced a crash in July 1877 that coincided with the Great Railroad Strike of 1877 . By 1880 the Great Lakes region would dominate logging , with Michigan producing more lumber than any other state. The commercial fishing industry also flourished in

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6634-465: The area, creating a unique regional ecosystem. A large portion of the area is the so-called Grayling outwash plain, which consists of broad outwash plain including sandy ice-disintegration ridges; jack pine barrens, some white pine-red pine forest, and northern hardwood forest. Large lakes were created by glacial action. The region has the four seasons in their extremes, with sometimes hot and humid summer days (although, mild in comparison to some parts of

6741-451: The birds were now weary, and commonly abandoned their nests if persecuted. Rail connections to the large midwestern cities through rail centers like Kalamazoo led to settlers immigrating and wealthy resorters establishing summer home associations in Bay View Association near Petoskey, the Belvedere Club in Charlevoix, and other lakeside getaways. Starting in 1875 (until 1895) the 1,044-acre (422 ha) Mackinac National Park became

6848-434: The brutal Beaver Wars . The Iroquois pushed west into the Great Lakes territory, displacing the tribes who had settled there before. As a result of an Iroquois attack and dispersal of the Huron from Southern Ontario in 1649, the Huron sought refuge with the Ojibwe at Michilimackinac where eventually a Jesuit mission was established for their care. Jesuit Father Marquette set up a mission in St. Ignace in 1671. While

6955-416: The command of Michilimackinac in 1722 after an absence of about three years fighting the Fox in Illinois. He carried out the orders of acting Governor Charles Le Moyne de Longueuil and (starting in 1726) New France governor Charles de la Boische, Marquis de Beauharnois . From 1720 to 1722, Pierre François Xavier de Charlevoix stopped at Michilimackinac and other points in Northern Michigan while seeking

7062-410: The council acquired different camps which the lodge served. The lodge worked to support the summer camps at D-bar-A Scout Ranch starting in 1951 and Cole Canoe Base starting in 1969. Migisi Opawgan was involved in the construction and funding of many major projects and Detroit Area Camps. Charles Howell Scout Reservation's O-A Cabin was funded by Migisi Opawgan and its members. At D-bar-A Scout Ranch,

7169-664: The council's Abraham Lincoln statue which was on display at Charles Howell Scout Reservation and later moved to D-bar-A Scout Ranch. The Lodge and its chapters also hosted fellowship events for its members. This event was continued by the Noquet Lodge which is the successor to Migisi Opawgan after its merger with the Chippewa Lodge. Migisi Opawgan became a chapter within the Noquet Lodge in 2011. Migisi Opawgan Chapter recognizes its members at an Annual Awards banquet. Awards were presented to youth and adult leaders, lodge and chapter officers and committee members, and those who had distinguished themselves in outstanding ways. Awards included

7276-498: The council's eight districts. Chapters coordinate their own service and fellowship activities, as well as train teams which conduct the membership induction process . Like all Order of the Arrow programs, the Noquet Lodge had youth leaders who were advised by appointed adults. The seven lodge officers (Chief, Executive Vice-Chief, Vice-Chief of Administration, Vice-Chief of Activities, Vice-Chief of Unit Relations, Treasurer, and Lodge Secretary) were elected annually. The lodge's work

7383-404: The former post of Michilimackinac, which had been abandoned in 1696 by royal orders. Around 1715 (during the First Fox War ), the French re-established a Northern Michigan military outpost at a new site on the northern tip of the lower peninsula and called it Fort Michilimackinac . This location became the new locus for fur and other trade, and mission work with the natives. Lignery returned to

7490-427: The grayling's habitat and made them disappear from northern Michigan. The effect of rail connections was ultimately transformative; timber and other goods could be produced in the north and shipped to urban markets to the south. Diverse industries developed, such as iron works, tanneries, mills, cement plants, and agricultural enterprises. By 1885, the intense harvesting and export of pine trees led to visible decline in

7597-437: The high and low temperature records for all of Michigan are held by communities in Northern Lower Michigan. The high is 112 °F or 44.4 °C set in Mio on July 13, 1936, and the low is −51 °F or −46.1 °C set in Vanderbilt on February 9, 1934. In the northernmost 21 counties in the Lower Peninsula of Michigan , the total population of the region is 506,658 people. The most populated city in Northern Michigan

7704-524: The highway); Gaylord ; Atlanta ; and Alpena . These are six of 29 places in the U.S.A. where such signs or monuments are known to exist. One other such sign is in Menominee, Michigan , in the Upper Peninsula . Across the Straits of Mackinac , to the north, west, and northeast, lies the Upper Peninsula of Michigan (the "U.P."). Despite its geographic location as the most northerly part of Michigan,

7811-663: The historic period, the Anishinaabe / Algonquian -speaking peoples known as the Ojibwe , Odawa and Potawatomi , formed a loose confederation which they called the Council of Three Fires . They inhabited areas surrounding the Straits of Mackinac, the upper and lower peninsulas of Michigan, and the northern islands and shoreline of Canada along Lake Huron. In 1608, Samuel de Champlain established Quebec as part of New France . He sent coureur des bois such as Étienne Brûlé into

7918-521: The historic presettlement forests were beech and sugar maple, mixed with hemlock, white pine, and yellow birch which only grew on moist soils further south. Southern Michigan forests were primarily deciduous with oaks, red maple, shagbark hickory , basswood and cottonwood which are uncommon further north. Northern Michigan soils tend to be coarser, and the growing season is shorter with a cooler climate. Lake effect weather brings significant snowfalls to snow belt areas of Northern Michigan. Glaciers shaped

8025-762: The living history site to Kensington Metropark's Farm Center. Edward N. Cole Canoe Base is a Boy Scout Camp and Canoe Base for the Great Lakes Field Service Council in Ogemaw County, Michigan . Edward N. Cole Canoe Base is the second of four pieces of property owned by the Great Lakes Field Service Council. The base was first opened in 1968 as the Rifle River Canoe base. It was renamed Edward N. Cole Canoe Base in honor of Edward N. Cole , VP General Motors Corp., and Detroit Area Council President in 1962. That same year,

8132-543: The lodge Key 3(Lodge Adviser, Lodge Chief, and Lodge Staff Adviser) to encourage growth and activation by offering the Section Leadership Seminar(SLS) and Section Conclave. SLS is an annual training tailored to each lodge and current challenges they are facing in order to give their arrowmen the tools they need to overcome those challenges. Later in the year, the Section holds Section Conclave which

8239-543: The lodge was responsible for the construction and maintenance of a 10-mile hiking trail, the funding, construction, and staffing of the Thomas D. Trainor Scout Museum, and provided the labor for many other projects. Many of the lodge's projects were developed over many years. The initial six-mile loop of the Pedro Trail was completed in 1991. It was expanded to 10 miles ten years later. A fire bowl at D-bar-A's Trout Lake

8346-586: The lodge. When lodge membership declined this level of organization was no longer necessary. In addition to providing service to Council Camps, Migisi Opawgan participated in regional and national Order of the Arrow Activities, beginning as the host of the first Michigan State Conclave, held in 1947. Nine members of Migisi Opawgan have been presented with the Order of the Arrow's Distinguished Service Award. Migisi Opawgan also hosted annual Pilgrimages to

8453-545: The lumber industry's ability to produce white pine. Logging in Michigan peaked in 1889. Where available, hardwoods and hemlock were harvested, temporarily extending the life of lumbering in the area, especially around East Jordan, the Traverse Bay, and near Crawford County . William Howard White 's lumber railroad ( Boyne City, Gaylord & Alpena Railroad Company ), David Ward's Detroit and Charlevoix Railroad , and

8560-600: The majority of white residents at Fort Michilimackinac . Alexander Henry the elder , one of the survivors, was taken captive and transported to Beaver Island but was rescued by the Odawa Wawatam . The British built the more substantial Fort Mackinac at the site in 1780. The success of rebels in the American Revolutionary War led to another change in parties in the region. Great Britain formally ceded Fort Mackinac at Mackinac Island to

8667-737: The merger of the Clinton Valley and Detroit Area Council, each council had an Order of the Arrow Lodge. Those two lodges, Chippewa Lodge 29 and Migisi Opawgan Lodge 162, continued to operate while members of both lodges set up the structure for the Noquet Lodge. The Noquet Lodge became the council's Order of the Arrow Lodge in May 2011. The lodge was part of the Section C-2. Noquet Lodge was divided into five Chapters: Chippewa, Lalai Haki, Migisi Opawgan, Ottawa, Pontiac-Manito. Noquet Lodge

8774-756: The natives, the Office of Indian Trade established a US Trading Post "factory" at Mackinaw that was in place until the War of 1812. One of the first engagements of the War of 1812 , the Siege of Fort Mackinac was conducted by British and Native American . They captured the island soon after the outbreak of war between Britain and the United States . Encouraged by the easy British victory, more Native Americans subsequently rallied to their support. Native American cooperation

8881-559: The newly independent United States in the Treaty of Paris in 1783, but the British Army refused to evacuate the posts on the Great Lakes until 1796. At that time, they transferred the forts at Detroit , Mackinac, and Niagara to the Americans. British and American forces contested the area again throughout the War of 1812 . The boundary was not settled until 1828, when Fort Drummond, a British post on nearby Drummond Island ,

8988-526: The north, around the Great Lakes. The last large nesting was in Petoskey, Michigan , in 1878 (following one in Pennsylvania a few days earlier), where 50,000 birds were killed each day for nearly five months. The surviving adults attempted a second nesting at new sites, but were killed by professional hunters before they had a chance to raise any young. Scattered nestings were reported into the 1880s, but

9095-573: The northeast corner of camp through the camporee field. It was opened in 1950 and since then has offered Boy Scout summer camp in addition to its other year-round activities, including equestrian and aquatics activities. D-Bar-A has 28 heated cabins and 13 tent sites, along with its 3 lakes. Lost Lake Scout Reservation (LLSR) was a 2,385-acre (10 km) camp located in Freeman Township , Clare County in Northern Michigan . LLSR

9202-473: The northernmost 21 counties in the Lower Peninsula of Michigan , the total population of the region is 506,658 people. For thousands of years before the French and English set up colonies in the region, Northern Michigan was inhabited by Native American cultures and succeeding tribes. Northern Michigan was the southern extent of the area scholars believed occupied by prehistoric inhabitants known as

9309-693: The rest from the land after the Mush-co-desh insulted an Ottawa war party. At this same time, the areas surrounding the Straits of Mackinac, was home to the Michinemackinawgo. They were a race of natives of small stature that were nearly wiped out by the Iroquois in the 1640s during the Beaver Wars. The remnants of this race were taken in by the Ojibwe and still exist today amongst the Mackinac Bands of Chippewa and Ottawa Indians . In

9416-690: The second National Park in the United States after Yellowstone National Park in the Rocky Mountains . Sport fishing along the Au Sable River became a tourist attraction for wealthy sportsmen from Detroit, Cleveland, Cincinnati, Buffalo, Toledo, Indianapolis, and Chicago. After the Jackson, Lansing and Saginaw Railroad reached Grayling in the late 1870s, it began to advertise hunting and fishing trips in Crawford County, home of

9523-531: The service building and Bosco Lake were completed. Cole has been a Nationally Accredited "A" Rated summer camp facility since 1980, and it boasts one of the highest unit return rates in the nation. D-bar-A Scout Ranch (Formally known as D-A Scout Ranch ) is a Boy Scout ranch located in Metamora, Michigan . The ranch is a 1,700-acre (6.9 km) piece of wilderness, located on the southern border of Lapeer County , Michigan. The Flint River runs through

9630-467: The settlements from Saginaw to Green Bay) was between 800 and 1000 for the time period between 1820 and 1840. By the 1840s, the American Fur Company was in steep decline as silk hats replaced beaver hats in European fashion. The straits of Mackinac declined in influence as government offices moved towards the capital at Detroit. While fishing slightly increased, the loss of the fur industry dealt

9737-500: The soldiers were less educated and amiable than the missionaries. In 1683, Governor Joseph-Antoine de La Barre ordered Daniel Greysolon, Sieur du Lhut and Olivier Morel de La Durantaye to establish a strategic presence on the north shore of the Straits of Mackinac , which connected Lake Michigan and Lake Huron of the Great Lakes. They fortified the Jesuit mission at St. Ignace and La Durantaye settled in as overall commander of

9844-421: The state consider its southern limit to be just north of Flint , Port Huron , Grand Rapids , or Mount Pleasant , though those in Northern Michigan refer to this are as Mid Michigan. Others may restrict it to the area north of Bay City and Clare , using US Highway 10 as a reference point, which roughly marks the "fingers" of the mitten-like shape of the Lower Peninsula . The topic of where "Up North" begins

9951-503: The state propped up the Northern Michigan fishing industry with non-native brook trout , brown trout , and rainbow trout ( steelhead ). Ultimately, the Arctic grayling that had inhabited much of Northern Michigan was eventually wiped out. The logging practice of using river beds to move logs in the springtime destroyed the breeding grounds for these fish. Before they could recover, non-native sport fish such as brook trout took over

10058-576: The waters of Northern Michigan. In July 1814, as Commander of Fort Mackinaw Robert McDouall was struggling to supply war efforts Siege of Prairie du Chien , Americans attacked Mackinaw in July 1814 during the Battle of Mackinac Island . The Americans failed to take over the post, and the British held Mackinac Island until the peace in 1815, after which it was re-occupied by the US. Mackinac Island continued to be

10165-541: The woods to establish relations with the Indians. Around 1615 or 1616, Champlain traveled to Georgian Bay via the French River and met Ottawa and Huron Indians on the south end near Penetanguishene . The French established the North American fur trade with Indian tribes. In the decades that followed, French explorers and missionaries continued to explore the "Upper Country" of New France that included

10272-409: Was a Boy Scout Camp and was the fourth of four pieces of property owned by the Great Lakes Field Service Council. It was purchased for $ 350,000 in 1964. Lost Lake features the very popular week-long summer camp. Scouts from around the United States could attend this camp. The camp has three lakes, the largest is 66-acre (270,000 m) Lost Lake . The site is also the home of Bennett's Lodge, formerly

10379-511: Was abandoned and burned by Father Étienne de Carheil . It was reopened in 1712, and operated on the north shore of the Straits until 1741, when it was relocated to the south shore. With the relocation of the mission, the exact location of Marquette's chapel was lost. In 1712, at the beginning of a 25-year war between the French and the Fox tribe, Canadian Governor Philippe de Rigaud de Vaudreuil sent Constant le Marchand de Lignery to reoccupy

10486-530: Was an important factor in several British victories during the remainder of the war. For the rest of 1812 and 1813, the British hold on Mackinac was secure since they also held Detroit, the territorial capital , which the Americans would have to recapture before attacking Mackinac. After the September 1813 Battle of Lake Erie , the British abandoned Detroit leaving an opportunity for the Americans try to retake

10593-440: Was completed in 1995 and expanded in 2003. Migisi Opawgan had many administrative structures in place, each representing the needs of the Council and its members. As the lodge grew, the initial camp based chapters were replaced by divisions of the council's territory. At times, each chapter served one or more of the council's districts. In 1974, a clan structure was adopted to provide a layer of administration between chapters and

10700-480: Was due to the economy in Michigan and the resulting out-migration of population, jobs and industry. The Area 2 Project was created in 2010 and studied the impact on Scouting and presented the Crossroads Recommendation, which proposed that the ten councils in Michigan merge into one large council. Erie Shores Council in northwest Ohio voted not to join Area 2 project. Hiawathaland Council in

10807-583: Was evacuated. The entire Straits area was officially acquired by the United States from the British through the Treaty of Paris in 1783 and settlement permitted by the Northwest Ordinance of 1787. However, much of the British forces did not leave the Great Lakes area until after 1794, when Jay's Treaty established U.S. sovereignty over the Northwest Territory with Northern Michigan part of "Knox County" . Between 1795 and 1815

10914-425: Was hunted in Northern Michigan as a source of food, but by the 1870s, a combination of increased population and economic scarcity led to over-hunting and eventual extinction. The massive flocks of passenger pigeons stopped darkening the skies of Northern Michigan, especially after the last large scale nestings and subsequent slaughters of millions of birds in 1874 and 1878. By this time, large nestings only took place in

11021-520: Was known about the interior parts of Northern Michigan. When Michigan became a state in 1837, one of its first acts was to name Douglass Houghton as the lead of the Michigan Geological Survey , an effort to understand the geological and mineralogical, zoological, botanical, and topographical aspects of the lesser known parts of Michigan. Early settlers came to the coasts along Northern Michigan, including fishermen, missionaries to

11128-541: Was performed by committees which had youth chairmen and adult advisers. A volunteer Lodge Adviser is appointed by the Scout Executive. The lodge adviser appoints other adults to serve as advisers to specific lodge officers and committees. The Scout Executive also appoints a member of the professional staff to serve a Staff Adviser to the lodge. When the Great Lakes Council formed in November 2009 through

11235-786: Was set aside in 1909. and the Manistee National Forest was set aside in 1938. State parks were established as well, to include: Hanson Hills in Grayling was the first downhill ski area in Michigan. It opened in 1929 and was served by rail service. Caberfae Peaks Ski & Golf Resort near Cadillac opened in 1938 and was served by rail service. Boyne Mountain Resort opened in 1948. Crystal Mountain in Benzie County opened in 1956. Nub's Nob opened in 1958 near Harbor Springs. As passenger railroad usage ended in

11342-481: Was the first known sailing ship to sail in Northern Michigan. They sailed across Lake Erie , Lake Huron , and Lake Michigan through uncharted waters, which previously only men in canoes had explored. After Marquette's death, the mission was taken over by Father Phillip Pierson, and then Father Nouvel . Father Henri Nouvel was "Superior of the Otawa missions", Nouvel served in this position from 1672 to 1680 (with

11449-701: Was the home lodge of 2012 Central Region Chief Marty Opthoff After the duration of Mishigami Lodge merger, Noquet Lodge was no longer chartered by the National Order of the Arrow Committee and beginning in late January 2022, after a vote by the Michigan Crossroads Council Executive Committee, the 5 chapters that made up Noquet were split between the East and South Lodge Service Areas of Mishigami as part of

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