Lincoln Wayne "Chips" Moman (June 12, 1937 – June 13, 2016) was an American record producer , guitarist, and songwriter. He is known for working in R&B , pop music and country music , operating American Sound Studios and producing hit albums like Elvis Presley 's 1969 From Elvis in Memphis and the 1985 debut album for The Highwaymen . Moman won a Grammy Award for co-writing " (Hey Won't You Play) Another Somebody Done Somebody Wrong Song ", a 1975 hit for B.J. Thomas .
45-632: Moman was born in LaGrange, Georgia . After moving to Memphis, Tennessee , as a teenager , he played in the road band of Warren Smith , before moving to Los Angeles around 1957 with Johnny Burnette 's band and then touring with Gene Vincent . While in Los Angeles, he played guitar on sessions recorded at the Gold Star Studios . Returning to Memphis, he began an association with Satellite Records (later Stax Records ), helping find
90-482: A Grammy Award . He also co-wrote " Luckenbach, Texas (Back to the Basics of Love) " for Waylon Jennings, and produced albums by Willie Nelson , Gary Stewart , Tammy Wynette , Ronnie Milsap , and Petula Clark . After a brief return to Memphis in the mid-1980s, during which time his attempt to open a new studio floundered, he settled in LaGrange, Georgia , where he operated another recording studio . Moman recorded
135-622: A Government Technology Leadership Award. LaGrange was in the news in late January 2017 for the public apology of its police chief and mayor for the city's failure in 1940 to protect Austin Callaway , a 16-year-old African-American resident, from being lynched . The police did not report nor investigate his murder very thoroughly. On November 8, 2021, it was announced that Upstate New York -based firearms manufacturer, Remington Arms , would be moving their global headquarters from Ilion, New York to La Grange, and would be hiring 865 people over
180-620: A brief demo song, or as long as several weeks if an album or film score is being recorded. Musicians' associations and unions often set out the remuneration terms. Some musicians may get the minimum scale rate set out by the union. Heavily in-demand session musicians may earn much more. The union rates may vary based on whether it is a music recording versus a film/television recording. While the film/television rates may be lower, there may also be residual payments to compensate them for reruns, DVD sales, streaming usage, and so on. Session musicians often have to bring their own instruments, such as in
225-456: A dinner for Col. La Grange. He paroled some local prisoners so they could attend. Many women of the town cooked all night to provide the meal. The next morning the Federal troops marched out, taking various men of the town as prisoners of war . They were soon released, when it was learned that General Robert E. Lee had surrendered at Appomattox. In the late 19th century, LaGrange developed as
270-458: A majority of electors, the minority seldom could elect a candidate of their choice. The Department of Justice recorded objections to the city of LaGrange changes to election methods in October 1993 and December 1994. The 1993 objection related to the use of two at-large seats in a mixed city council plan with four single-member districts; the 1994 objection related to the use of one at-large seat in
315-553: A mixed city council plan with two "super-districts" and four single-member districts. From 1997, more city council seats were established in LaGrange. Municipal elections are held in odd-numbered years. The current mayor of LaGrange is Jim Arrington. He was elected mayor on May 21, 2024, filling a seat vacated by the death of former mayor Willie T Edmondson, who was the first African-American elected Mayor of LaGrange. The mayor and all council members are elected for four-year terms on
360-510: A monetary dispute with label founder Jim Stewart , he began operating his own Memphis recording studio , American Sound Studio . At American Sound, he, along with guitarists Reggie Young and Bobby Womack , bassists Tommy Cogbill and Mike Leech , pianists and organists Bobby Woods and Bobby Emmons, and drummer Gene Chrisman, recorded the Box Tops (" Soul Deep "), Bobby Womack , Merrilee Rush , Mark Lindsay ( Paul Revere and
405-614: A nonpartisan basis. The city council hires a full-time city manager, who oversees daily operations of city departments. In January 2017, Police Chief Louis M. Dekmar apologized publicly for his department's failure in 1940 to protect a 16-year-old black youth, who was lynched. The Troup County School System holds pre-school to grade 12, and consists of 11 elementary schools, three middle schools (Callaway Middle School, Gardner Newman Middle School, and Long Cane Middle School), and three high schools (Callaway High School, LaGrange High School, and Troup County Comprehensive High School. The county
450-532: A nuanced sense of the playing styles and idioms used in different genres. For example, a sax player who mainly plays jazz needs to know the R&;B style if they are asked to improvise a solo in an R&B song. Similarly, a bass player asked to improvise a walking bassline in a rockabilly song needs to know the stock lines and cliches used in this genre. Regardless of the styles of music session musicians play, some qualities are universal: punctuality in arriving at
495-519: A part to fill a last-minute time slot. In the 1960s, Los Angeles was considered the top recording destination in the United States — consequently studios were constantly booked around the clock, and session time was highly sought after and expensive. Songs had to be recorded quickly in the fewest possible takes. In this environment, Los Angeles producers and record executives had little patience for needless expense or wasted time and depended on
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#1732790820814540-490: A railroad center and as an industrial center. Textile mills were developed here and elsewhere in the upland region. Initially they employed only white workers. They increased in regional, state and national economic importance into the mid-20th century. Gradually in the late 20th century, much textile manufacturing moved offshore, out of the United States. The city has transitioned to a mixed economy with some new industries. Interstates 85 and 185 pass through LaGrange, which
585-477: A record label American Group Records (AGP), distributed by Amy - Mala - Bell . Moman left Memphis in 1971 and briefly operated a studio in Atlanta . He moved to Nashville , where he married fellow songwriter Toni Wine , and where he produced and (with fellow producer Larry Butler ) co-wrote a hit for B. J. Thomas, " (Hey Won't You Play) Another Somebody Done Somebody Wrong Song " (1975). This effort earned Moman
630-459: A slave owner. La Grange may have been returning positive treatment which he had earlier received while in captivity. He had been given medical care by Confederates and was attended by a niece of Senator Hill. After recovery, Col. La Grange was exchanged for a Confederate prisoner, and he returned to battle duty. To show their gratitude for his sparing their homes, one of the Nancy Harts hosted
675-405: A sub-specialization within trumpet session players is "high note specialist." The working schedule for session musicians often depends on the terms set out by musicians' unions or associations, as these organizations typically set out rules on performance schedules (e.g., regarding the length of sessions and breaks). The length of employment may be as short as a single day, in the case of recording
720-536: A wider range of musical situations, genres, and styles. Examples of "doubling" include double bass and electric bass , acoustic guitar and mandolin , piano and accordion , and saxophone and other woodwind instruments. Session musicians are used when musical skills are needed on a short-term basis. Typically, session musicians are used by recording studios to provide backing tracks for other musicians for recording sessions and live performances, recording music for advertising , film, television, and theatre . In
765-571: Is a musician hired to perform in a recording session or a live performance . The term sideman is also used in the case of live performances, such as accompanying a recording artist on a tour. Session musicians are usually not permanent or official members of a musical ensemble or band. Many session musicians specialize in playing common rhythm section instruments such as guitar , piano , bass , or drums . Others are specialists, and play brass , woodwinds , and strings . Many session musicians play multiple instruments, which lets them play in
810-400: Is a transportation hub in the area. The city has industrial and commercial access, and a Wal-Mart Distribution Center was developed here. Interface, the world's leading manufacturer of carpet tile, was founded in LaGrange in 1973. It has its largest manufacturing center here. LaGrange is also home to a plant for Weiler Forestry . The city of LaGrange is a full-service utility provider for
855-508: Is divided into three school zones. The county school system serves Hogansville, LaGrange and West Point. It is home to over 20 new and recently renovated schools. Highways in LaGrange include Interstate 85 , Interstate 185 , U.S. Route 27 , U.S. Route 29 , Georgia State Route 219 , and Georgia State Route 109 . LaGrange-Callaway Airport is southwest of the city. Sister cities include: Session musician A session musician (also known as studio musician or backing musician )
900-534: Is one of LaGrange's properties that is listed on the National Register of Historic Places . LaGrange is named after the country estate near Paris of the wife of the Marquis de La Fayette . When La Fayette, a Revolutionary War hero, visited Georgia in 1825 on a national tour, he remarked on the similarity of local topography to his wife's property. The European-American settlement of LaGrange began in
945-399: The 2020 United States census , there were 30,858 people, 11,246 households, and 6,862 families residing in the city. LaGrange is governed by a mayor and six-person city council. The mayor is elected citywide ( at-large ). Three council members are elected to one post each from each of two council districts, designated as 1a, 1b, and 1c from the first district, with similar naming for posts in
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#1732790820814990-450: The 2000s, the terms "session musician" and "studio musician" were synonymous, though in past decades, "studio musician" meant a musician associated with a single record company , recording studio or entertainment agency . Session musicians rarely achieve mainstream fame in their own right as soloists or bandleaders . However, top session musicians are well-known within the music industry . Some have become publicly recognized, such as
1035-600: The Confederates in nearby West Point, Georgia , Colonel Oscar H. La Grange led his Union troops to the county seat of LaGrange. He placed Confederate prisoners near the front of the column. The Nancy Harts negotiated a surrender with the colonel. Although local assets were burned and looted by Union troops, Colonel La Grange spared the private homes of LaGrange, including Bellevue , the home of former US Senator and then Confederate senator Benjamin Harvey Hill ,
1080-512: The Raiders ), Sandy Posey (notably "Born a Woman" and " Single Girl "), Joe Tex , Wilson Pickett , Herbie Mann , Roy Hamilton, and Petula Clark . During this period Moman established a songwriting partnership with fellow Memphis producer and songwriter Dan Penn . The pair co-wrote " Do Right Woman, Do Right Man ", recorded by Aretha Franklin , and " The Dark End of the Street ", which became
1125-481: The U.S. Census Bureau. It is the principal city of the LaGrange, Georgia Micropolitan Statistical Area , which is included in the Atlanta - Sandy Springs - Gainesville , Georgia - Alabama (part) combined statistical area . It is about 60 miles (97 km) southwest of Atlanta and located in the foothills of the Georgia Piedmont . LaGrange is home to LaGrange College , the oldest private college in
1170-587: The Wrecking Crew , the Muscle Shoals Rhythm Section and The Funk Brothers who worked with Motown Records . Session musicians may play in a wide range of genres or specialize in a specific genre (e.g., country music or jazz ). Some session musicians with a classical music background may focus on film score recordings. Even within a specific genre specialization, there may be even more focused sub-specializations. For example,
1215-780: The best-known song of the soul singer James Carr . Moman also played guitar on Franklin's recording sessions at the FAME Studios in Muscle Shoals . In the 1960s, Moman worked for Stax Records before founding the American Sound Studio in Memphis, Tennessee , and later worked extensively in Nashville . As a record producer, Moman was known for recording Elvis Presley , Tammy Wynette , Bobby Womack , Carla Thomas , and Merrilee Rush , as well as guiding
1260-523: The career of the Box Tops . As a songwriter, he was responsible for standards associated with Aretha Franklin , James Carr , Waylon Jennings , and B. J. Thomas , including the Grammy-winning " (Hey Won't You Play) Another Somebody Done Somebody Wrong Song ". He was also a session guitarist for Franklin and other musicians. During the late 1960s and early 1970s, American Sound became one of
1305-431: The case of guitar, bass, woodwinds, and brass. It is expected that studio musicians will have well-maintained professional-tier instruments. In some cases, larger or heavier instruments may be provided by the recording studio, such as a grand piano or Hammond organ and Leslie speaker . In certain cases, a session musicians may bring some instruments or musical gear and use them with larger instruments that are provided by
1350-564: The disused movie theater on McLemore Avenue that became the Stax headquarters. He worked as the company's recording engineer and produced their first hit single , Carla Thomas 's 1960 " Gee Whiz (Look at His Eyes) ". He also produced the first single for the Stax subsidiary label Volt, "Burnt Biscuits" b/w "Raw Dough," by the Triumphs, whose members included future soul star Al Green and drummer Howard Grimes . Leaving Stax in 1964 after
1395-616: The early 19th century, soon after the territory was ceded to the United States by the Creek Indians and the territorial legislature established Troup County . The city was incorporated in December 1828. The area was developed for cotton plantations, and planters migrating from the eastern areas of the South brought along or bought enslaved African Americans in the domestic slave trade to use as laborers. By 1860 Troup County had become
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1440-678: The era, the two groups of musicians in Memphis, both the Memphis Boys and the musicians who backed Stax/Volt recordings, and the Funk Brothers in Detroit, who played on many Motown recordings. At the time, multi-tracking equipment, though common, was less elaborate, and instrumental backing tracks were often recorded "hot" with an ensemble playing live in the studio. Musicians had to be available "on call" when producers needed
1485-400: The first demo cut on the song " Always on My Mind ". Mark James was working for him as a session musician and Wayne Carson was in the studio recording songs, Carson asking the co-writers to add a bridge to the song that Moman insisted it needed. The musicians felt the song was complete, but Moman refused to record it unless they came up with a bridge on the studio's old piano. The two-line bridge
1530-655: The fourth-wealthiest county in Georgia, based on cotton as a commodity crop. It was the fifth-largest slaveholding county in the state. As the county seat, LaGrange was a center of trade for this prosperous area, and wealthy planters built more than 100 significant homes in the city. During the American Civil War , LaGrange was defended by a volunteer women's auxiliary group known as the Nancy Harts or Nancy Hart Rifles, named after Nancy Hart . After defeating
1575-582: The most successful recording studios in the country, producing more than 120 charting singles by pop, soul, and country artists and at one point contributing over a quarter of the hits on the Billboard Hot 100 . Moman produced Elvis Presley 's 1969 album , From Elvis in Memphis – described as "arguably [Presley's] best album". The album included hit songs " In the Ghetto ", " Suspicious Minds ", and " Kentucky Rain ". During this time, Moman had
1620-558: The region, including electricity, natural gas, water, sewer, refuse collection, and telecommunication. In 2000 the city was named "Intelligent Community of the Year" by the Intelligent Community Forum, joining other cities such as New York, Singapore, Seoul, Glasgow and Toronto. Since 2000 the city has provided free Internet service to every household. It also has been ranked as a Georgia City of Excellence, and received
1665-542: The second district. Candidates must declare for a post in one of the districts at the time of their filing, and must win a majority to be elected. This system was established for the first municipal election in 2011. (This was in compliance with a consent decree and court order settling litigation since 1982 under Section 5 of the Voting Rights Act of 1965 .) Previously a smaller number of city council members were elected at-large; as each candidate had to command
1710-427: The service of reliable standby musicians who could be counted on to record in a variety of styles with minimal practice or takes, and deliver hits on short order. A studio band is a musical ensemble that is in the employ of a recording studio for the purpose of accompanying recording artists who are customers of the studio. The use of studio bands was more common during the 1960s with groups such Booker T. &
1755-683: The session; rhythmic and intonation precision; ability to play with good ensemble and excellent blending with the other performers; willingness to take direction from bandleaders , music directors , and music producers ; and having good musical taste in regards to choices with musical ornaments and musical phrasing . During the 1950s and 1960s, session players were usually active in local recording scenes concentrated in places such as Los Angeles , New York City , Nashville , Memphis , Detroit , and Muscle Shoals . Each local scene had its circle of "A-list" session musicians, such as The Nashville A-Team that played on numerous country and rock hits of
1800-412: The span of five years. Construction is expected to cost $ 100 million. The southern half of the city was heavily damaged by an EF2 tornado on January 12, 2023 . The tornado injured four people along its path as well. According to the U.S. Census Bureau , the city has an area of 112.8 mi (181.5 km), of which 111.4 mi (179.3 km) is land and 1.4 mi (2.3 km) is water. As of
1845-619: The state. Started as a girls' academy, it has been affiliated since the late 19th century with the Methodist Church, and what is now the North Georgia Conference of the United Methodist Church. The city's proximity to West Point Lake , a few miles to the west, helps attract bass fishermen and water sports enthusiasts to the city. The Troup County Courthouse, Annex, and Jail , built in 1939,
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1890-428: The studio, such as a synthesizer player, who might bring rack-mounted synth modules and connect them to the studio's MIDI controller stage piano . Similarly, if the studio has a selection of well-known bass amplifiers , and speaker cabinets, a bass player may only have to bring basses and effect units . The requirement to read different types of music notation, improvise and/or " play by ear " varies according to
1935-570: The type of recording session and the genres of music being performed. Classical musicians and many jazz and popular music musicians are expected to read music notation and do sight-reading . In jazz, rock, and many popular music genres, performers may be expected to read chord charts and improvise accompaniment and solos. In country music, performers may be expected to read Nashville Number System charts and improvise accompaniment and solos. In many traditional and folk music styles, performers are expected to be able to play by ear. Session musicians need
1980-406: Was the group's first and most successful album. Moman died on 13 June 2016, the day after his 79th birthday, at a hospice in LaGrange, Georgia . He had been suffering from a lung disease and died of emphysema . LaGrange, Georgia LaGrange is a city in and the county seat of Troup County, Georgia , United States. The population of the city was estimated to be 30,858 in 2020 by
2025-460: Was then added. The song was passed to Elvis via a bodyguard and, consequently, it was not recorded by the studio despite originating in it. However, Moman produced Willie Nelson's version years later. Moman also produced Highwayman , the first studio album released by country supergroup The Highwaymen , comprising Kris Kristofferson , Johnny Cash , Waylon Jennings , and Willie Nelson . Highwayman , released through Columbia Records in 1985,
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