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64-459: Cloaks generally fasten at the neck or over the shoulder, and vary in length from the hip all the way down to the ankle – mid-calf being the normal length. They may have an attached hood and may cover and fasten down the front, in which case they have holes or slits for the hands to pass through. However, cloaks are almost always sleeveless. Christian clerics may wear a cappa or a cope – forms of cloak – as liturgical vestments or as part of

128-756: A Bowie knife (Mina Harker's Journal, 6 November, Dracula Chapter 27). His body then turns into dust, but not before Mina sees an expression of peace on his face. "Listen to them—the children of the night. What music they make!". — Count Dracula to Jonathan Harker, referring to the howling of the wolves. Dracula , Chapter 2. Although early in the novel Dracula dons a mask of cordiality, he often flies into fits of rage when his plans are frustrated. When Dracula's brides attempt to seduce Jonathan Harker, Dracula physically assaults one and ferociously berates them for their insubordination. Dracula has an appreciation for ancient architecture and prefers purchasing old houses, saying "a new home would kill me" and that it takes

192-467: A religious habit . The word cloak comes from Old North French cloque ( Old French cloche , cloke ) meaning "bell", from Medieval Latin clocca "travelers' cape ," literally "a bell," so called from the garment's bell-like shape. Thus the word is related to the word clock . Ancient Greeks and Romans were known to wear cloaks. Greek men and women wore the himation , from the Archaic through

256-504: A telepathic link to her, it backfires when Van Helsing hypnotizes Mina and uses her supernatural link with Dracula to track him as he flees back to Transylvania. The heroes follow Dracula back to Transylvania, and in a climactic battle with Dracula's Romani bodyguards, finally destroy him. Despite the popular image of Dracula having a stake driven through his heart to kill him, Mina's narrative describes his decapitation by Harker's kukri while Morris simultaneously pierces his heart with

320-494: A 'simple' (or 'Burgon' shape) consisting of hood with a cowl (headcovering) but without a cape , whereas the University of Cambridge uses a 'full' shape, with both cowl and square cape and substantial liripipe for all hoods. Other English universities use one of these patterns or adapt them; for example, the University of London uses the full Cambridge shape but with rounded corners to the cape. Newer universities, such as

384-641: A 1942 operatic comedy. According to the King James Version of the Bible, Matthew recorded Jesus of Nazareth saying in Matthew 5:40: "And if any man will sue thee at the law, and take away thy coat, let him have thy cloke also." The King James Version of the Bible has the words recorded a little differently in Luke 6:29: "...and him that taketh away thy cloke, forbid not to take thy coat also." Cloaks are

448-498: A Russian ship, the Demeter , taking along with him 50 boxes of Transylvanian soil, which he needs to regain his strength and rest during daylight. During the voyage to Whitby , a coastal town in northern England, he sustains himself on the ship's crew members. Only one body is later found, that of the captain, who is found tied up to the ship's helm. The captain's log is recovered and tells of strange events that had taken place during

512-438: A bat, a large dog and a fog or mist. When the moonlight is shining, he can travel as elemental dust within its rays. He is able to pass through tiny cracks or crevices while retaining his human form or in the form of a vapour; described by Van Helsing as the ability to slip through a hairbreadth space of a tomb door or coffin. This is also an ability used by his victim Lucy as a vampire. When the party breaks into her tomb, they open

576-613: A century to make one habitable. Dracula is very proud of his warrior heritage, proclaiming his pride to Harker on how the Székely people are infused with the blood of heroes. He also expresses an interest in the history of the British Empire , speaking admiringly of its people. He has a somewhat primal and predatory worldview, pities ordinary humans for their revulsion to their darker impulses, feels human emotions and often says that he can love. Though usually portrayed as having

640-449: A frame which fashionable women wore over towering wigs or hairstyles to protect them from the elements (e.g. calash ). Today, fashion hoods are generally soft headcoverings which form part of a larger garment (e.g. an overcoat , shirt or cloak ; an exception is a rain hood which is not part of a larger garment). They can be pulled up over the head when needed, or left to hang down the back when not. They may also be detachable to turn

704-463: A gigantic wolf lying on his chest and licking his throat. It keeps him warm and protects him until help arrives. When the Englishman is finally taken back to his hotel, a telegram awaits him from his expectant host Dracula, with a warning about "dangers from snow and wolves and night". In Dracula , the eponymous vampire has decided to move from Transylvania to London. He summons Jonathan Harker ,

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768-463: A newly qualified English solicitor, to provide legal support for a real estate transaction overseen by Harker's employer. Dracula at first charms Harker with his cordiality and historical knowledge, and even rescues him from the clutches of the three female vampires in the castle. In truth, Dracula wishes to keep Harker alive long enough to complete the legal transaction and to learn as much as possible about England. Dracula leaves his castle and boards

832-453: A pointed beard with a streak of white in it. He is dressed all in black and has hair on his palms. Harker describes him as an old man, "cruel looking" and giving an effect of "extraordinary pallor". I saw... Count Dracula... with red light of triumph in his eyes, and with a smile that Judas in hell might be proud of. As the novel progresses, Dracula is described as taking on a more and more youthful appearance. After Harker strikes him with

896-522: A residence next door to Seward's. The group gathers intelligence to track down Dracula and destroy him. After the undead Lucy attacks several children, Van Helsing, Seward, Holmwood and Morris enter her crypt and destroy her to save her soul. Later, Harker joins them, and the party works to discover Dracula's intentions. Harker aids the party in tracking down the locations of the boxes to the various residences of Dracula and discovers that Dracula purchased multiple real estate properties throughout London under

960-411: A shield to guard the eyes, so that rain water or snow does not get in contact with the face. The rainhood visor is sometimes flipped slightly upwards, or cupped upwards into a pouf; the outermost swoop curve may then dip downwards towards the wearer’s eyes for added protection. Small clips are affixed to the sides along the hood next to the visor to help it keep its pouffed shape. The Inuit peoples of

1024-410: A shovel, he is left with a scar on his forehead which he bears throughout the course of the novel. Dracula also possesses great wealth, and has Romani people in his homeland who are loyal to him as servants and protectors. Count Dracula is portrayed in the novel using many different supernatural abilities, and is believed to have gained his abilities through dealings with the devil . Chapter 18 of

1088-402: A staple garment in the fantasy genre due to the popularity of medieval settings. They are also usually associated with witches , wizards , and vampires ; the best-known stage version of Dracula , which first made actor Bela Lugosi prominent, featured him wearing it so that his exit through a trap door concealed on the stage could seem sudden. When Lugosi reprised his role as Dracula for

1152-402: A strong Eastern European accent, the original novel only specifies that his spoken English is excellent, though strangely toned. His appearance varies in age. He is described early in the novel as thin, with a long white moustache, pointed ears and sharp teeth. It is also noted later in the novel (Chapter 11 subsection "The Escaped Wolf") by a zookeeper who sees him that he has a hooked nose and

1216-415: A wafer of sacramental bread and places it on her forehead to bless her; when the bread touches her skin, it burns her and leaves a scar on her forehead. Her teeth start growing longer but do not grow sharper. She begins to lose her appetite, feeling repulsed by normal food, begins to sleep more and more during the day; cannot wake unless at sunset and stops writing in her diary. When Van Helsing later crumbles

1280-454: A way to avoid detection by making objects appear invisible. A real device, albeit of limited capability, was demonstrated in 2006. Because they keep a person hidden and conceal a weapon, the phrase cloak and dagger has come to refer to espionage and secretive crimes: it suggests murder from hidden sources. "Cloak and dagger" stories are thus mystery, detective, and crime stories of this. The vigilante duo of Marvel comics Cloak and Dagger

1344-466: A while, and shall be later on my companion and my helper. You shall be avenged in turn, for not one of them but shall minister to your needs. But as yet you are to be punished for what you have done. You have aided in thwarting me. Now you shall come to my call. When my brain says 'Come!' to you, you shall cross land or sea to do my bidding. The effects changes Mina physically and mentally over time. A few moments after Dracula attacks her, Van Helsing takes

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1408-467: A winter overcoat into a summer one, or may be designed to be folded or rolled into a small pocket in the neck of the garment when not in use. A familiar type of soft and smooth fashion hood is the visored bubble rainhood, which consists of a 3-sectioned bucket-style bubble hood with its 2 side sections extending frontwards towards the front center of the neck. The distinguishing feature is a curvy, wavy swerve U-bowl shaped duckbill pouf visor, which serves as

1472-409: Is a reference to this. Hood (headgear) A hood is a type of headgear or headwear that covers most of the head and neck , and sometimes the face . Hoods that cover mainly the sides and top of the head, and leave the face mostly or partly open may be worn for protection from the environment (typically cold weather or rain), for fashion, as a form of traditional dress or uniform , or in

1536-430: Is aided by powers of necromancy and divination of the dead, that all who die by his hand may reanimate and do his bidding. Dracula requires no other sustenance but fresh human blood, which has the effect of rejuvenating him and allowing him to grow younger. His power is drawn from the blood of others, and he cannot survive without it. Although drinking blood can rejuvenate his youth and strength, it does not give him

1600-417: Is air. He can defy gravity to a certain extent and possesses superhuman agility, able to climb vertical surfaces upside down in a reptilian manner. He can travel onto unhallowed ground, such as the graves of suicides and those of his victims. He has powerful hypnotic , telepathic and illusionary abilities. He also has the ability to "within limitations" vanish and reappear elsewhere at will. If he knows

1664-537: Is associated with a magical Cloak of Levitation , which not only enables its wearer to levitate , but has other mystical abilities as well. Doctor Strange also uses it as a weapon. Alternatively, cloaks in fantasy may nullify magical projectiles , as the "cloak of magic resistance" in NetHack . Figuratively, a cloak may be anything that disguises or conceals something. In many science fiction franchises, such as Star Trek , there are cloaking devices , which provide

1728-502: Is compelled to consume spiders, birds, and other creatures—in ascending order of size—to absorb their "life force". Renfield acts as a kind of sensor, reacting to Dracula's proximity and supplying clues accordingly. Dracula visits Lucy's bed chamber on a nightly basis, draining her of blood while simultaneously infecting her with the curse of vampirism . Not knowing the cause for Lucy's deterioration, her three suitors – Seward, Arthur Holmwood and Quincey Morris – call upon Seward's mentor,

1792-411: Is mentioned that he was in life a most wonderful man. Soldier, statesman, and alchemist . Which latter was the highest development of the scientific knowledge of his time. He had a mighty brain, a learning beyond compare, and a heart that knew no fear and no remorse... there was no branch of knowledge of his time that he did not essay. Dracula studied the black arts at the academy of Scholomance in

1856-410: Is only able to shift his form at dawn, noon, and dusk (he can shift his form freely at night or if he is at his grave). The sun is not fatal to him, as sunlight does not burn and destroy him upon contact, though most of his abilities cease. The sun that rose on our sorrow this morning guards us in its course. Until it sets to-night, that monster must retain whatever form he now has. He is confined within

1920-558: Is the method vampires use to drain blood of the victim and to increase their influence over them. This is described by Van Helsing: The nosferatu do not die like the bee when he sting once. He is only stronger, and being stronger, have yet more power to work evil. Victims who are bitten by a vampire and do not die, are hypnotically influenced by them: Those children whose blood she suck are not yet so much worse; but if she live on, Un-Dead, more and more lose their blood and by her power over them they come to her. Van Helsing later describes

1984-820: Is worn by the members of the Fellowship of the Ring in The Lord of the Rings by J. R. R. Tolkien , although instead of granting complete invisibility, the Elf-made cloaks simply appear to shift between any natural color (e.g. green, gray, brown) to help the wearer to blend in with his or her surroundings. In the Marvel comic book stories and in the Marvel Cinematic Universe , the sorcerer Doctor Strange

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2048-547: The Arctic are expert clothing manufacturers, and the women's anorak , technically called an amauti , features a large hood used to shelter an infant on its mother's back. In Japan hoods covered with chainmail or armour plates ( tatami zukin ) were worn by samurai warriors and their retainers. Scuba divers who dive in cold water often wear neoprene wetsuit hoods for thermal insulation or watertight latex rubber drysuit hoods to prevent water ingress. They cover

2112-725: The Ku Klux Klan . A hood to hide or control the wearer often covers the whole head, with the result that the wearer can see little or nothing, like a blindfold , or it can be to prevent identification of the wearer. It may be used on or by a person who has been arrested or kidnapped , or about to suffer judicial execution ; this practice is known as hooding . The hood may be simply a bag ; it may be intended to be, and/or experienced as, humiliating (see hood event ). Traditional women's hoods varied from close-fitting, soft headgear (e.g. snood ) to stiffened, structured hoods (e.g. gable hood ) or very large coverings made of material over

2176-452: The University of Kent use a hood with triangular cape but with no cowl, and with a distinctive V-shaped segment denoting the faculty . The hoods of the University of Aberdeen have a rounded flat cape but no cowl. The pattern of hoods in the US largely follow an intercollegiate code. The length of the hood and the width of its velvet trim indicate the academic achievement level of the wearer;

2240-493: The 1931 Universal Studios motion picture version of the play, he retained the cloak as part of his outfit, which made such a strong impression that cloaks came to be equated with Count Dracula in nearly all non-historical media depictions of him. Fantasy cloaks are often magical . For example, they may grant the person wearing it invisibility as in the Harry Potter series by J. K. Rowling . A similar sort of garment

2304-623: The Aztecs. The more elaborate and colorful tilmàtlis were strictly reserved for élite high priests, emperors ; and the Eagle warriors as well as the Jaguar knights . In full evening dress in the Western countries, ladies and gentlemen frequently use the cloak as a fashion statement , or to protect the fine fabrics of evening wear from the elements, especially where a coat would crush or hide

2368-638: The Carpathian Mountains, overlooking the town of Sibiu (also known as Hermannstadt) and has a deep knowledge of alchemy and magic . Taking up arms, as befitting his rank and status as a voivode , he led troops against the Turks across the Danube . According to his nemesis Abraham Van Helsing , "He must indeed have been that Voivode Dracula who won his name against the Turk, over the great river on

2432-702: The Dutch doctor Abraham Van Helsing . Van Helsing soon deduces her condition's supernatural origins, and tries to keep the vampire at bay with garlic. Nevertheless, Dracula attacks Lucy's house one final time, killing her mother and transforming Lucy herself into one of the undead after which Van Helsing and her suitors help lay Lucy's soul to rest by driving a stake through her heart. Harker escapes Dracula's castle and returns to England, barely alive and deeply traumatized. On Seward's suggestion, Mina seeks Van Helsing's assistance in assessing Harker's health. She reads his journal and passes it along to Van Helsing. This unfolds

2496-423: The Englishman encounters a sleeping female vampire called Countess Dolingen in a marble tomb with a large iron stake driven into it. This malevolent beautiful vampire awakens from her marble bier to conjure a snowstorm before being struck by lightning and returning to her eternal prison. The Englishman's troubles are not quite over, as he is dragged away by an unseen force and rendered unconscious. He awakens to find

2560-657: The Hellenistic periods ( c. 750–30 BC). Romans would later wear the Greek-styled cloak, the pallium . The pallium was quadrangular, shaped like a square, and sat on the shoulders, not unlike the himation . Romans of the Republic would wear the toga as a formal display of their citizenship. It was denied to foreigners and was worn by magistrates on all occasions as a badge of office. The toga allegedly originated with Numa Pompilius ( r.  715–672 BC),

2624-638: The Undead become themselves Undead, and prey on their kind. And so the circle goes on ever widening, like as the ripples from a stone thrown in the water. Friend Arthur, if you had met that kiss which you know of before poor Lucy die, or again, last night when you open your arms to her, you would in time, when you had died, have become nosferatu, as they call it in Eastern Europe, and would for all time make more of those Un-Deads that so have filled us with horror. The vampire bite itself does not cause death. It

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2688-418: The ability to regenerate; months after being struck on the head by a shovel, he still bears a scar from the impact. Dracula's preferred victims are women. Harker states that he believes Dracula has a state of fasting as well as a state of feeding. He tells Mina exerting his abilities raises a desire to feed. Count Dracula is depicted as the "King Vampire", and can control other vampires. To punish Mina and

2752-417: The aftermath of a bitten victim when the vampire has been killed: But if she die in truth, then all cease; the tiny wounds of the throats disappear, and they go back to their plays unknowing of whatever has been. As Dracula slowly drains Lucy's blood, she dies from acute blood loss and later transforms into a vampire, despite the efforts of Seward and Van Helsing to provide her with blood transfusions . He

2816-492: The alias 'Count De Ville'. Dracula's main plan was to move each of his 50 boxes of earth to his various properties in order to arrange multiple lairs throughout and around the perimeter of London. The party pries open each of the graves, places sacramental wafers within each of them, and seals them shut. This deprives Dracula of his ability to seek safety in those boxes. Dracula gains entry into Seward's residence by coercing an invitation out of Renfield. As he attempts to enter

2880-763: The case of knights, an armoured hood is used for protection against bladed weapons. In some cases, hoods are used to prevent the wearer from seeing where they are going (e.g., in cases where a prisoner is hooded). Hoods with eye holes may be used for religious purposes to prevent the wearer from being seen. In the case of Ku Klux Klan members, terrorists , or criminals such as robbers, a hood with eye holes helps prevent identification. The word traces back to Old English hod "hood," from Proto-Germanic * hodaz (cf. Old Saxon, Old Frisian hod "hood," Middle Dutch hoet , Dutch hoed "hat," Old High German huot "helmet, hat, Gugel ", German Hut "hat," Old Frisian hode "guard, protection"), from PIE * kadh - "cover". The modern spelling

2944-642: The character are believed by some to have been inspired by the 15th-century Wallachian prince Vlad the Impaler , who was also known as Vlad Dracula, and by Sir Henry Irving and Jacques Damala , actors with aristocratic backgrounds that Stoker had met during his life. One of Dracula's most iconic powers is his ability to turn others into vampires by biting them and infecting them with the vampiric disease. Other characteristics have been added or altered in subsequent popular fictional works , including films, cartoons and breakfast cereals. Bram Stoker's novel takes

3008-474: The color of the trim indicates the discipline/field in which the degree is held; and the lining of hoods in academic dress represents the particular institution from which the degree was earned. Count Dracula Count Dracula ( / ˈ d r æ k j ʊ l ə , - j ə -/ ) is the title character of Bram Stoker 's 1897 gothic horror novel Dracula . He is considered the prototypical and archetypal vampire in subsequent works of fiction. Aspects of

3072-417: The first clue to the identity of Lucy's assailant, which later prompts Mina to collect all of the events of Dracula's appearance in news articles, saved letters, newspaper clippings and the journals of each member of the group. This assists the group in investigating Dracula's movements and later discovering that Renfield's behaviour is directly influenced by Dracula. They then discover that Dracula has purchased

3136-598: The form of an epistolary tale , in which Count Dracula's characteristics, powers, abilities, and weaknesses are narrated by multiple narrators , from different perspectives. Count Dracula is an undead , centuries-old vampire, and a Transylvanian nobleman who claims to be a Székely descended from Attila the Hun . He inhabits a decaying castle in the Carpathian Mountains near the Borgo Pass . Unlike

3200-406: The garment. Opera cloaks are made of quality materials such as wool or cashmere, velvet and satin. Ladies may wear a long (over the shoulders or to ankles) cloak usually called a cape , or a full-length cloak. Gentlemen wear an ankle-length or full-length cloak. Formal cloaks often have expensive, colored linings and trimmings such as silk , satin , velvet and fur . The term was the title of

3264-420: The group and Holmwood summons his trio of terriers to battle them. The dogs prove very efficient rat killers. Terrified by their onslaught, the rats flee of their own volition. Dracula can also manipulate the weather and, within his range, is able to direct the elements, such as storms, fog and mist. Dracula can change form at will, able to grow and become small, his featured forms in the novel being that of

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3328-404: The narrative follows an unnamed Englishman traveller as he wanders around Munich before leaving for Transylvania. It is Walpurgis Night and the young Englishman foolishly leaves his hotel, in spite of the coachman's warnings, and wanders through a dense forest alone. Along the way, he feels that he is being watched by a tall and thin stranger. The short story climaxes in an old graveyard, where

3392-422: The novel describes many of the abilities, limitations and weaknesses of vampires and Dracula in particular. Dracula has superhuman strength which, according to Van Helsing, is equivalent to that of 20 strong men. He does not cast a shadow or have a reflection from mirrors. He is immune to conventional means of attack; a sailor tries to stab him in the back with a knife, but the blade goes through his body as though it

3456-561: The party for their efforts against him, Dracula bites her on at least three occasions. He also forces her to drink his blood; this act curses her with the effects of vampirism and gives him a telepathic link to her thoughts. Hypnotism only works before dawn. Van Helsing refers to the act of drinking blood by both the vampire and the victim "the Vampire's Baptism of Blood". you, their best beloved one, are now to me, flesh of my flesh, blood of my blood, kin of my kin, my bountiful wine-press for

3520-483: The path, he can come out from anything or into anything regardless of how close it is bound or even if it is soldered shut. Dracula has amassed cunning and wisdom throughout centuries and is unable to die of senescence . He can command animals such as rats, owls, bats, moths, foxes and wolves. His control is limited, as seen when the party first enters his house in London. He summons thousands of rats to swarm and attack

3584-523: The room in which Harker and Mina are staying, Renfield tries to stop him; Dracula then mortally wounds him. With his dying breath, Renfield tells Seward and Van Helsing that Dracula is after Mina. Van Helsing and Seward discover Dracula biting Mina and forcing her to drink his blood. The group repels Dracula using crucifixes and sacramental bread, forcing him to flee by turning into a dark vapour. The party continues to hunt Dracula to search for his remaining lairs. Although Dracula's 'baptism' of Mina grants him

3648-435: The same bread in a circle around her, she is unable to cross or leave the circle, discovering a new form of protection. Dracula's death would release the curse on any living transformed vampire. Van Helsing reveals that even were he to escape, his continued existence would ensure whether or not he victimized Mina further, she would become a vampire upon her eventual natural death. Dracula is much less powerful in daylight and

3712-399: The sealed coffin to find her corpse is no longer located within. One of Dracula's powers is the ability to turn others into vampires by biting them. According to Van Helsing: When they become such, there comes with the change the curse of immortality; they cannot die, but must go on age after age adding new victims and multiplying the evils of the world. For all that die from the preying of

3776-579: The second semi-legendary king of Rome. Eminent personages in Kievan Rus' adopted the Byzantine chlamys in the form of a fur-lined korzno  [ uk ] ( Old East Slavic : кързно ). Powerful noblemen and elite warriors of the Aztec Empire would wear a tilmàtli ; a Mesoamerican cloak/cape used as a symbol of their upper status. Cloth and clothing was of utmost importance for

3840-523: The ship's journey. Dracula leaves the ship in the form of a dog and runs up the 199 steps to the graveyard of St Mary's Church in the shadow of the Whitby Abbey ruins. Soon, the Count begins menacing Harker's fiancée, Wilhelmina "Mina" Murray , and her friend, Lucy Westenra . There is also a notable link between Dracula and Renfield , a patient in an insane asylum overseen by John Seward , who

3904-444: The vampires of Eastern European folklore, which are portrayed as repulsive, corpse-like creatures, Dracula is handsome and charismatic, with a veneer of aristocratic charm. In his conversations with Jonathan Harker, he reveals himself as deeply proud of his boyar heritage and nostalgic for the past, which he admits has become only a memory of heroism, honour, and valour in modern times. Details of his early life are undisclosed, but it

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3968-480: The very frontier of Turkey -land. If it be so, then was he no common man: for in that time, and for centuries after, he was spoken of as the cleverest and the most cunning, as well as the bravest of the sons of the land beyond the forest ." Dead and buried in a great tomb in the chapel of his castle, Dracula returns from death as a vampire and lives for several centuries in his castle with three terrifyingly beautiful female vampires beside him. In "Dracula's Guest",

4032-546: The whole head and neck except the face. An academic hood is a component of academic dress that is an often bright and decorative garment worn over a gown and used only at graduations or on other special occasions. The shape of hoods of universities and colleges in the UK and in many Commonwealth countries have been derived from those prescribed at the Universities of Oxford and Cambridge. Oxford bachelors and masters use

4096-529: Was developed in the 15th century to indicate a "long" vowel which is no longer pronounced as such. Historically, hoods were either similar to modern hoods, often forming part of a cloak or cape , or a separate form of headgear. Hoods with short capes, called chaperons in French, were extremely common in medieval Europe, and later evolved into big hats. Soft hoods were worn by men under hats. Hoods have also been used as part of uniforms for organizations such as

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