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43-552: The pass was made famous by Bram Stoker 's novel Dracula , where, termed as "the Borgo Pass", it was the gateway to the realm of Count Dracula . Stoker most likely found the name on a contemporary map; he never actually visited the area. Today the pass is home to Hotel "Castel Dracula"; located at an elevation of 1,116 m (3,661 ft), the hotel was built in 1976 and adopted its current name after 1989. The hotel has become quite an attraction due to its architectural style of

86-690: A BA in 1870, and paid to receive his MA in 1875. Though he later in life recalled graduating "with honours in mathematics", this appears to have been a mistake. He was named University Athlete, participating in multiple sports, including playing rugby for Dublin University . He was auditor of the College Historical Society ( the Hist ) and president of the University Philosophical Society (he remains

129-578: A Hungarian-Jewish writer and traveller (born in Szent-György, Kingdom of Hungary now Svätý Jur , Slovakia ). Dracula likely emerged from Vámbéry's dark stories of the Carpathian Mountains . However this claim has been challenged by many including Elizabeth Miller , a professor who, since 1990, has had as her major field of research and writing Dracula , and its author, sources, and influences. She has stated, "The only comment about

172-839: A boy who caught flies in a bottle might be a clue for the later development of the Renfield character in Dracula . On 8 November 2012, Stoker was honoured with a Google Doodle on Google's homepage commemorating the 165th anniversary of his birth. An annual festival takes place in Dublin, the birthplace of Bram Stoker, in honour of his literary achievements. The Dublin City Council Bram Stoker Festival encompasses spectacles, literary events, film, family-friendly activities and outdoor events, and takes place every October Bank Holiday Weekend in Dublin. The festival

215-667: A civil servant in Dublin, Stoker wrote the non-fiction book The Duties of Clerks of Petty Sessions in Ireland (published 1879), which remained a standard work. Furthermore, he possessed an interest in art and was a founder of the Dublin Sketching Club in 1879. In 1878, Stoker married Florence Balcombe , daughter of Lieutenant-Colonel James Balcombe of 1 Marino Crescent. She was a celebrated beauty whose former suitor had been Oscar Wilde . Stoker had known Wilde from his student days, having proposed him for membership of

258-578: A great-grandnephew of Bram Stoker, decided to write "a sequel that bore the Stoker name" to "reestablish creative control over" the original novel, with encouragement from screenwriter Ian Holt, because of the Stokers' frustrating history with Dracula's copyright. In 2009, Dracula: The Un-Dead was released, written by Dacre Stoker and Ian Holt. Both writers "based [their work] on Bram Stoker's own handwritten notes for characters and plot threads excised from

301-647: A guesthouse in West Cliff at 6 Royal Crescent, doing his research at the public library at 7 Pier Road (now Quayside Fish and Chips ). Count Dracula comes ashore at Whitby, and in the shape of a black dog runs up the 199 steps to the graveyard of St Mary's Church in the shadow of the Whitby Abbey ruins. Stoker began writing novels while working as manager for Irving and secretary and director of London's Lyceum Theatre, beginning with The Snake's Pass in 1890 and Dracula in 1897. During this period, he

344-477: A level of detailed realism to the story, a skill which Stoker had developed as a newspaper writer. At the time of its publication, Dracula was considered a "straightforward horror novel" based on imaginary creations of supernatural life. "It gave form to a universal fantasy ... and became a part of popular culture." According to the Encyclopedia of World Biography , Stoker's stories are today included in

387-688: A medieval villa, as well as the connection to the novel. In 2018 the property was put up for sale. Close to the Tihuța Pass is the Piatra Fântânele Monastery  [ ro ] , which dates from 1928. The ensemble is dominated by a 31 m (102 ft) metal cross; built in 2010, this is the tallest such structure in Romania. The Tihuța Pass is now part of the Via Transilvanica long-distance trail ; it belongs to

430-481: A notable if busy man. He was dedicated to Irving and his memoirs show he idolised him. In London, Stoker also met Hall Caine , who became one of his closest friends – he dedicated Dracula to him. In the course of Irving's tours, Stoker travelled the world, although he never visited Eastern Europe , a setting for his most famous novel. Stoker enjoyed the United States, where Irving was popular. With Irving he

473-597: Is College Park, which is within the grounds of Trinity in the Dublin city centre. It also has two other football fields used mainly by the Junior teams on Santry Avenue in the Dublin suburb of Santry . Dublin University Football Club has a long tradition of its players gaining the highest international honours, with over 160 past players being capped for Ireland since 1875. Some of the most famous and presently memorable are listed below. DUFC also has

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516-581: Is linked with Bram Stoker and plausibly provided the visual palette for the descriptions of Castle Dracula during the writing phase. A distinctive room in Slains Castle, the octagonal hall, matches the description of the octagonal room in Castle Dracula. Stoker visited the English coastal town of Whitby in 1890, and that visit was said to be part of the inspiration for Dracula , staying at

559-964: Is supported by the Bram Stoker Estate and is funded by Dublin City Council . Dublin University Football Club Dublin University Football Club ( DUFC ) is the rugby union club of Trinity College , in Dublin , Ireland , which plays in Division 1B of the All-Ireland League . The first known record of the Club appears under the heading 'Trinity College' in the Daily Express of 1 December 1855 and

602-699: Is taken to show that it had then been in existence for at least a year: FOOTBALL. - A match will be played in the College Park today (Saturday) between original and new members of the club. Play to commence at two o'clock College time. The club had thus been founded by about 1854, and it has a well-documented, continuous history since then, which gives it a strong claim to be considered the world's oldest extant football club of any code. Although Guy's Hospital FC, had been founded in London in 1843, so had existed before DUFC, it later folded up for some years during

645-410: The 277 km (172 mi)-long The Highlands section of the trail, which runs from Bistrița to Poiana Stampei. This Romanian location article is a stub . You can help Misplaced Pages by expanding it . Bram Stoker Abraham "Bram" Stoker (8 November 1847 – 20 April 1912) was an Irish author who is best known for writing the 1897 Gothic horror novel Dracula . During his lifetime, he

688-566: The British Empire. He was an admirer of Prime Minister William Ewart Gladstone , whom he knew personally, and supported his plans for Ireland. Stoker believed in progress and took a keen interest in science and science-based medicine. Some of Stoker's novels represent early examples of science fiction, such as The Lady of the Shroud (1909). He had a writer's interest in the occult, notably mesmerism , but despised fraud and believed in

731-523: The Count in Stoker's novel was based on Vlad III Dracula . However, according to Elizabeth Miller , Stoker borrowed only the name and "scraps of miscellaneous information" about Romanian history; further, there are no comments about Vlad III in the author's working notes. Dracula is an epistolary novel , written as a collection of realistic but completely fictional diary entries, telegrams, letters, ship's logs, and newspaper clippings, all of which added

774-721: The Gardens of Rest. His ashes are still stored in Golders Green Crematorium today. Stoker was raised a Protestant in the Church of Ireland . He was a strong supporter of the Liberal Party and took a keen interest in Irish affairs. As a "philosophical home ruler", he supported Home Rule for Ireland brought about by peaceful means. He remained an ardent monarchist who believed that Ireland should remain within

817-580: The age of seven, when he made a complete recovery. Of this time, Stoker wrote, "I was naturally thoughtful, and the leisure of long illness gave opportunity for many thoughts which were fruitful according to their kind in later years." He was privately educated at Bective House school run by the Reverend William Woods. After his recovery, he grew up without further serious illnesses, even excelling as an athlete at Trinity College, Dublin , which he attended from 1864 to 1870. He graduated with

860-479: The categories of horror fiction, romanticized Gothic stories, and melodrama. They are classified alongside other works of popular fiction, such as Mary Shelley 's Frankenstein , which also used the myth-making and story-telling method of having multiple narrators telling the same tale from different perspectives. According to historian Jules Zanger, this leads the reader to the assumption that "they can't all be lying". The original 541-page typescript of Dracula

903-536: The cause of death to overwork, others to tertiary syphilis . His death certificate listed the cause of death as " Locomotor ataxia 6 months", presumed to be a reference to syphilis. He was cremated, and his ashes were placed in a display urn at Golders Green Crematorium in north London. The ashes of Irving Noel Stoker, the author's son, were added to his father's urn following his death in 1961. The original plan had been to keep his parents' ashes together, but after Florence Stoker's death, her ashes were scattered at

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946-611: The club promotion to Division 1. This level of competition was short-lived, however, with the club returning to Division 2 after two seasons. The DUFC 1st XV currently plays in Division 1B of the All-Ireland League. The club also fields three Junior teams who compete in the Leinster J1, J3 and J4 Metro Leagues, and two U20 teams who play in the JP Fanagan Premier and Pennant leagues respectively. They are

989-651: The current Frazer McMullen All Ireland Champions, beating Clontarf U20 in the 2018 final. The 1stXV plays against University College Dublin in the annual Colours Match which has been ongoing since its inception in 1952. Trinity has won on 24 occasions, the latest being the 2017/18 match. The club also has a Women's XV, which has played in AIL division 3. In October 2020, the club had three players, Liam Turner , Michael Silvester and Jack Dunne , play in Leinster 's Pro14 win over Zebre . The club's main playing field

1032-429: The degree of Master Mason on June 20, 1883." Stoker however was not a particular active Freemason, spent only six years as an active member, and did not take part in any Masonic activities during his time in London. The short story collection Dracula's Guest and Other Weird Stories was published in 1914 by Stoker's widow, Florence Stoker , who was also his literary executrix . The first film adaptation of Dracula

1075-467: The destruction of the negative and all prints of the film. The suit was finally resolved in the widow's favour in July 1925. A single print of the film survived, however, and it has become well known. The first authorised film version of Dracula did not come about until almost a decade later when Universal Studios released Tod Browning 's Dracula starring Bela Lugosi . Canadian writer Dacre Stoker ,

1118-554: The nineteenth century. Football in Trinity pre-dates the foundation of the Club itself. A poem by Edward Lysaght shows that it was being played in the College Park in the 1780s. Being the oldest rugby club in Ireland, DUFC has won its fair share of trophies over the years. Its most notable achievement in recent years was the winning of the All-Ireland League Division 2 in the 2003–04 season, which also gained

1161-498: The notes was created by Elizabeth Miller and Robert Eighteen-Bisang in 1998. Stoker was a member of The London Library and conducted much of the research for Dracula there . In 2018, the Library discovered some of the books that Stoker used for his research, complete with notes and marginalia. After suffering a number of strokes, Stoker died at No. 26 St George's Square , London on 20 April 1912. Some biographers attribute

1204-639: The only student in Trinity's history to hold both positions), where his first paper was on Sensationalism in Fiction and Society . Stoker became interested in the theatre while a student through his friend Dr. Maunsell. While working for the Irish Civil Service , he became the theatre critic for the Dublin Evening Mail , which was co-owned by Sheridan Le Fanu , an author of Gothic tales. Theatre critics were held in low esteem at

1247-464: The original edition" along with their own research for the sequel. This also marked Dacre Stoker's writing debut. In spring 2012, Dacre Stoker in collaboration with Elizabeth Miller presented the "lost" Dublin Journal written by Bram Stoker, which had been kept by his great-grandson Noel Dobbs. Stoker's diary entries shed a light on the issues that concerned him before his London years. A remark about

1290-617: The subject matter of the talk was that Vambery 'spoke loudly against Russian aggression.'" There had been nothing in their conversations about the "tales of the terrible Dracula" that are supposed to have "inspired Stoker to equate his vampire-protagonist with the long-dead tyrant." At any rate, by this time, Stoker's novel was well underway, and he was already using the name Dracula for his vampire. Stoker then spent several years researching Central and East European folklore and mythological stories of vampires . The 1972 book In Search of Dracula by Radu Florescu and Raymond McNally claimed that

1333-947: The superiority of the scientific method over superstition. Stoker counted among his friends J. W. Brodie-Innis , a member of the Hermetic Order of the Golden Dawn , and hired member Pamela Colman Smith as an artist for the Lyceum Theatre, but no evidence suggests that Stoker ever joined the Order himself. Like Irving, who was an active Freemason , Stoker also became a member of the order, "initiated into Freemasonry in Buckingham and Chandos Lodge No. 1150 in February 1883, passed in April of that same year, and raised to

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1376-709: The time, but Stoker attracted notice by the quality of his reviews. In December 1876, he gave a favourable review of Henry Irving's Hamlet at the Theatre Royal in Dublin. Irving invited Stoker for dinner at the Shelbourne Hotel where he was staying, and they became friends. Stoker also wrote stories, and "Crystal Cup" was published by the London Society in 1872, followed by "The Chain of Destiny" in four parts in The Shamrock . In 1876, while

1419-539: The university's Philosophical Society while he was president. Wilde was upset at Florence's decision, but Stoker later resumed the acquaintanceship, and, after Wilde's fall, visited him on the Continent. The Stokers moved to London, where Stoker became acting manager and then business manager of Irving's Lyceum Theatre in the West End , a post he held for 27 years. On 31 December 1879, Bram and Florence's only child

1462-494: Was F. W. Murnau 's Nosferatu , released in 1922, with Max Schreck starring as Count Orlok. Florence Stoker eventually sued the filmmakers, and was represented by the attorneys of the British Incorporated Society of Authors. Her chief legal complaint was that she had neither been asked for permission for the adaptation nor paid any royalty. The case dragged on for some years, with Mrs. Stoker demanding

1505-841: Was a regular visitor to Cruden Bay in Scotland between 1892 and 1910. His month-long holidays to the Aberdeenshire coastal village provided a large portion of available time for writing his books. Two novels were set in Cruden Bay: The Watter's Mou' (1895) and The Mystery of the Sea (1902). He started writing Dracula there in 1895 while in residence at the Kilmarnock Arms Hotel. The guest book with his signatures from 1894 and 1895 still survives. The nearby Slains Castle (also known as New Slains Castle )

1548-404: Was believed to have been lost until it was found in a barn in northwestern Pennsylvania in the early 1980s. It consisted of typed sheets with many emendations, and handwritten on the title page was "THE UN-DEAD." The author's name was shown at the bottom as Bram Stoker. Author Robert Latham remarked: "the most famous horror novel ever published, its title changed at the last minute." The typescript

1591-536: Was better known as the personal assistant of actor Sir Henry Irving and business manager of the West End 's Lyceum Theatre , which Irving owned. In his early years, Stoker worked as a theatre critic for an Irish newspaper and wrote stories as well as commentaries. He also enjoyed travelling, particularly to Cruden Bay in Scotland where he set two of his novels. During another visit to the English coastal town of Whitby , Stoker drew inspiration for writing Dracula . He died on 20 April 1912 due to locomotor ataxia and

1634-424: Was born, a son whom they christened Irving Noel Thornley Stoker. The collaboration with Henry Irving was important for Stoker and through him, he became involved in London's high society, where he met James Abbott McNeill Whistler and Sir Arthur Conan Doyle (to whom he was distantly related). Working for Irving, the most famous actor of his time, and managing one of the most successful theatres in London made Stoker

1677-538: Was cremated in north London. Since his death, his magnum opus Dracula has become one of the best-known works in English literature and the novel has been adapted for numerous films, short stories and plays. Stoker was born on 8 November 1847 at 15 Marino Crescent , Clontarf in Dublin, Ireland. The park adjacent to the house is now known as Bram Stoker Park. His parents were Abraham Stoker (1799–1876), an Anglo-Irishman from Dublin and Charlotte Mathilda Blake Thornley (1818–1901), of English and Irish descent, who

1720-527: Was invited twice to the White House , and knew William McKinley and Theodore Roosevelt . Stoker set two of his novels in America, and used Americans as characters, the most notable being Quincey Morris . He also met one of his literary idols, Walt Whitman , having written to him in 1872 an extraordinary letter that some have interpreted as the expression of a deeply-suppressed homosexuality. Stoker

1763-600: Was part of the literary staff of The Daily Telegraph in London, and he wrote other fiction, including the horror novels The Lady of the Shroud (1909) and The Lair of the White Worm (1911). He published his Personal Reminiscences of Henry Irving in 1906, after Irving's death, which proved successful, and managed productions at the Prince of Wales Theatre . Before writing Dracula , Stoker met Ármin Vámbéry ,

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1806-617: Was purchased by Microsoft co-founder Paul Allen . Stoker's inspirations for the story, in addition to Whitby, may have included a visit to Slains Castle in Aberdeenshire , a visit to the crypts of St. Michan's Church in Dublin, and the novella Carmilla by Sheridan Le Fanu . Stoker's original research notes for the novel are kept by the Rosenbach Museum and Library in Philadelphia . A facsimile edition of

1849-461: Was raised in County Sligo . Stoker was the third of seven children, the eldest of whom was Sir Thornley Stoker , 1st Baronet . Abraham and Charlotte were members of the Church of Ireland Parish of Clontarf and attended the parish church with their children, who were baptised there. Abraham was a senior civil servant. Stoker was bedridden with an unknown illness until he started school at

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