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49-478: He was once thought to have been born in 1553, because the monument to him in the church of St Stephen Coleman Street , since destroyed, stated that at the time of his death, he was eighty years old. From the inscription we likewise learn that he was "a citizen and draper". In 1589 he was living in the city, and dates his translation of The History of Palmendos "from my house in Cripplegate ". That he carried on

98-606: A Hamlet , a Henry VI, Part 1 , a Henry V , a Taming of the Shrew and a Titus Andronicus are mentioned in the diary with no author listed. Most of these plays were recorded when the Admiral's Men and the Lord Chamberlain's Men briefly joined forces when the playhouses were closed owing to the plague (June 1594). In 1599, Henslowe paid Dekker and Henry Chettle for a play called Troilus and Cressida , which

147-622: A brothel . In 1587, Henslowe and John Cholmley built The Rose , the third of the large, permanent playhouses in London, and the first in Bankside . From 1591, Henslowe partnered with the Admiral's Men after that company split with The Theatre 's James Burbage over the division of receipts. Edward Alleyn , the Admiral's' lead actor, married Henslowe's stepdaughter Joan in 1592, and they worked in partnership. In 1598 Burbage's company (by then,

196-623: A Gentleman Sewer of the Chamber. Henslowe also served as a collector of the Lay Subsidy . Henslowe died in 1616 in London, still actively involved in the theatre. Henslowe developed extensive business interests, including dyeing, starch-making, pawn-broking , money lending and trading in goat skins. He owned property in East Grinstead and Buxted , Sussex, where his brother-in-law, Ralf Hogge , lived. Between 1576 and 1586, Henslowe

245-672: A member of the Dyers' Company . Henslowe is recorded working as assistant to Henry Woodward, reputed to be the bailiff for Anthony Browne, 1st Viscount Montagu , owner of Cowdray House and Battle Abbey in Sussex. Henslowe married Woodward's widow, Agnes, and from 1577 lived in Southwark , opposite the Clink prison. His elder brother Edmund, a merchant, also owned property in Southwark. It

294-600: A primary source for information about the theatrical world of Renaissance London. Henslowe was born in Lindfield , Sussex , into a family with roots in Devon . His father, Edmund Henslowe, was appointed Master of the Game for Ashdown Forest , Sussex, from 1539 until his death in 1562. Before Edmund Henslowe's death, his daughter Margaret had married Ralf Hogge , an ironmaster. By the 1570s, Henslowe had moved to London, becoming

343-745: A spy sent to report on the Jesuit English College in Rome or a journalist intent on making literary capital out of the designs of the English Catholics then living in France and Italy. He writes that he and his companion, Thomas Nowell, were robbed of all their possessions on the road from Boulogne to Amiens , where they were helped by an English priest who entrusted them with letters to be delivered in Reims . These they handed over to

392-403: A valuable source for the early iron-making industry. The diary begins covering Henslowe's theatrical activities for 1592. Entries continue, with varying degrees of thoroughness (authors' names were not included before 1597), until 1609; in the years before his death, Henslowe appears to have run his theatrical interests from a greater distance. At some time after his death, his papers, including

441-515: Is Altered , which was written in 1598 or 1599. He pours ridicule upon Don Antonio Balladino (as he calls Munday), and Middleton mentions him in his The Triumphs of Truth . Munday was a prolific author in verse and prose, original and translated, and may be counted among the predecessors of Shakespeare in dramatic composition. One of his earliest works was The Mirror of Mutability , from 1579: he dedicated it to his long-time patron Edward de Vere, 17th Earl of Oxford , and perhaps then belonged to

490-549: Is December 1597, but he may have been a member of the Earl of Oxford's theatrical company before he went to Rome prior to 1578. In the old catalogues, and in Gerard Langbaine 's Momus Triumphans , 1688, a piece called Fidele and Fortunatus is mentioned, and such a play was entered at Stationers' Hall on 12 November 1584. There is little doubt that this is the same production, two copies of which have been discovered, with

539-575: Is a valuable source of information on the theatrical history of the period. It is a collection of memoranda and notes that record payments to writers, box office takings, and lists of money lent. Also of interest are records of the purchase of expensive costumes and of stage properties , such as the dragon in Christopher Marlowe 's Doctor Faustus , which provide insight into the staging of plays in Elizabethan theatre . The diary

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588-574: Is also the "Vellum Book", a book of record mainly of church property, dated 1466. St. Stephen's was one of two City churches dedicated to the Christian protomartyr St. Stephen who, by tradition, suffered lapidation (death by stoning) in Jerusalem in about 35 AD. Coleman Street is named after the charcoal burners who used to live there. From its situation in the quarter of London inhabited by many Jews, John Stow asserted, incorrectly, that

637-406: Is especially pointed out as "very rare poetrie." Francis Meres , in 1598 ("Palladis Tamia," fo. 283, b.), enumerating many of the best dramatic poets of his day, including Shakespeare , Heywood , Chapman , Porter , Lodge , etc., gives Anthony Munday the praise of being "our best plotter". St Stephen Coleman Street St. Stephen's Church, Coleman Street , also called "St Stephen's in

686-466: Is probably the play currently known from British Library Add MS 10449 (the actors' names that appear in the plot connect it to the Admiral's Men and date it between March 1598 and July 1600). There is no mention of William Shakespeare (or Christopher Marlowe, Robert Greene, Thomas Kyd or any University Wits writer, or figures like Richard Burbage for that matter) in Henslowe's diary (which prompted

735-581: Is written on the reverse of pages of a book of accounts of his brother-in-law Ralf Hogge's ironworks, kept by his brother John Henslowe for the period 1576–1581. Hogge was the Queen's Gunstonemaker, and produced both iron cannon and shot for the Royal Armouries at the Tower of London . John Henslowe seems to have acted as his agent, and Philip prudently reused his old account book. These entries are

784-578: The Jewry ", was a church in the City of London , at the corner of Coleman Street and what is now Gresham Street (and in Coleman Street Ward ), first mentioned in the 12th century. In the middle ages it is variously described as a parish church, and as a chapel of ease to the church of St Olave Old Jewry ; its parochial status was defined (or re-established) permanently in 1456. The body of

833-688: The Lord Chamberlain's Men ) erected the new Globe Theatre in Bankside; Henslowe moved the Admiral's Men to the north-western corner of the city, into a venue he had financed, the Fortune Theatre . John Taylor , the "Water Poet", petitioned the King on behalf of the Watermen's Company , because of the expected loss of business transporting theatre patrons across the Thames. He also had interests in

882-716: The Newington Butts Theatre and The Swan Theatre in Southwark. Henslowe and Alleyn also operated the Paris Garden , a venue for baitings ; early in James's reign, they purchased the office of Keeper of the Royal Game, namely bulls, bears and mastiffs. In 1614, he and Jacob Meade built the Hope Theatre in Bankside; designed with a moveable stage for both plays and animal baiting, it was the last of

931-615: The vicar appointed in 1624, later resigned to become a Nonconformist pastor . It was during his Puritan incumbency that the playwright and Shakespeare collaborator Anthony Munday was buried in the church in 1633. In that year Davenport departed for the United Netherlands, but returned in 1636 and, in company with Theophilus Eaton and a company centred upon a core of parishioners of St Stephen's, in 1637 sailed for New England . Finding Boston torn by religious dissent they diverted to Long Island Sound , where they founded

980-412: The Earl's company of players, to which he had again attached himself on his return from Italy. Munday's Banquet of Dainty Conceits was printed in 1588. Nearly all the existing information respecting Anthony Munday's dramatic works is derived from Philip Henslowe 's papers. At what period he began to write for the stage cannot be ascertained: the earliest date in these manuscripts connected with his name

1029-574: The English ambassador in Paris. Under a false name, as the son of a well-known English Catholic, Munday gained recommendations which secured his reception at the English College in Rome. He was treated with special kindness by the rector, Dr Morris, for the sake of his supposed father. He gives a detailed account of the routine of the place, of the dispute between the English and Welsh students, of

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1078-455: The Fire, and their old masonry remained visible on the north side in the later building, refaced with Portland Stone towards the top. It stood at the north-west end corner, barely visible from the street. It had a small leaded bell lantern, on top of which was a gilded vane in the form of a cock. The height of the tower to the top of the lantern was 85 feet (26 m). Wren's church retained

1127-528: The booksellers and the theatres, compiling religious works, translating Amadis de Gaule and other French (sic) romances, and putting words to popular airs. He was the chief pageant writer for the City from 1605 to 1616. These works included London's Love to Prince Henry (1610), his publication describing the city's pageant on the Thames for the investiture of Prince Henry as Prince of Wales in May 1610. One of

1176-496: The building had been used as a synagogue . The earliest surviving reference to the church is to "the parish of St. Stephen colemanstrate" during the reign of King John . At a date between 1292 and 1303 the advowson was acquired by Butley Priory in Suffolk, without licence: Butley challenged a royal appointment made c.1438, and its rights were acknowledged in 1449. The Dean and Chapter of St Paul's put in counter-claims, but

1225-608: The business of a draper or had some connection with the trade as late as 1613, may be gathered from the following passage at the close of The Triumphs of Truth , the city pageant for that year, by Thomas Middleton : "The fire-work being made by Maister Humphrey Nichols, a man excellent in his art; and the whole work and body of the Triumph, with all the proper beauties of the workmanship, most artfully and faithfully performed by John Grinkin; and those furnished with apparel and porters by Anthony Munday, Gentleman." The style of "gentleman"

1274-599: The carnival at Rome, and finally of the martyrdom of Richard Atkins . His political services against the Catholics were rewarded in 1584 by the post of messenger to her Majesty's chamber, and from this time he seems to have given up acting. In 1598–1599, when he travelled with the Earl of Pembroke 's men in the Low Countries , it was in the capacity of playwright to rewrite old plays. He devoted 'himself to writing for

1323-410: The carver William Newman was employed to produce the altar-table and rails, and the altar-piece. A detailed description of the interior furnishings exists. Until the early 19th century there was only one gallery, housing the organ at the west end. Then however, despite the low interior – about 24 feet (7.3 m) high – further galleries, supported on iron columns, were added; one in 1824, on

1372-423: The diary, were transferred to Dulwich College , which Alleyn had founded. Henslowe recorded payments to twenty-seven Elizabethan playwrights . He variously commissioned, bought and produced plays by, or made loans to Ben Jonson , Thomas Middleton , Henry Chettle , George Chapman , Thomas Dekker , John Webster , Anthony Munday , Henry Porter , John Day , John Marston and Michael Drayton . The diary shows

1421-532: The forgeries of John Payne Collier ); their absence is due to the fact that Shakespeare and Burbage were only connected to Henslowe's companies in the early 1590's before Henslowe records any authors. Shakespeare's company, the Lord Chamberlain's Men, performed at The Theatre (starting in 1594) and later The Globe Theatre (starting in 1599). In 1598 Henslowe made an inventory of his company's stage props ; 'along with numerous weapons and crowns, there

1470-456: The large open-roof theatres built before 1642. The animal shows ended up ascendant at this venue. The introduction to Ben Jonson 's Bartholomew Fair , performed at the Hope in 1614 , complains that the theatre is "as dirty as Smithfield , and as stinking every whit." The theatre did not have a regular theatrical tenant after 1617; Henslowe's share in it was willed to Alleyn. Henslowe's "diary"

1519-645: The life of Robin Hood , The Downfall and The Death of Robert Earl of Huntington , first mentioned in the Rose theatre records in 1597–8 and published in 1601. The subsequent catalogue of plays which Munday wrote, either alone or in conjunction with others, is derived from the materials supplied by Edmond Malone . The earliest praise of Munday is contained in William Webbe 's "Discourse of English Poetrie", 1586, where his "Sweete Sobs of Sheepheardes and Nymphes"

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1568-498: The matter was resolved in Butley's favour in 1452. In around 1400 the church is recorded as a chapel of ease to St. Olave Old Jewry . It regained parochial status in the middle of the 15th century. In 1431, John Sokelyng, who owned a neighbouring brewery called 'La Cokke on the hoop', died and left a bequest to St. Stephen's on the condition that Mass be sung on the anniversary of his death and that of his two wives. The gift

1617-567: The medieval church was destroyed in the Great Fire of London of 1666, and was replaced with a new structure by the office of Sir Christopher Wren . This second church was destroyed by bombing in 1940 and was not rebuilt after the War. Substantial records survive for the church and parish, including churchwardens' accounts (from 1486), parish registers (from 1538), tithe rate and poor rate assessments (from 1592) and vestry minutes (from 1622). There

1666-462: The more gorgeous Lord Mayor's shows was that of 1616, which was devised by Munday. It is also possible that he supplied most of the pageants between 1592 and 1605, of which no authentic record has been kept. At what date he acquired the title of "poet to the city" is not known; he had certainly been previously employed in a similar capacity, as Ben Jonson introduces him in that capacity in The Case

1715-458: The pediment and the large round-headed window below was a carving of a cock between two swags. The south front had five large round-headed windows. The interior was a single space, undivided by piers or columns, with a flat ceiling, coved at the sides, the coving pierced by round-headed windows. The chancel was raised one step above the rest of the church. The church measured about 75 feet (23 m) long and 35 feet (11 m) wide. In 1676-77

1764-411: The plan of its medieval predecessor, which was in the form of an irregular quadrilateral that tapered towards the east. The walls were made from brick and rubble covered with stucco, only the south and east fronts being exposed. The main façade, at the east end, towards Coleman Street, was faced with Portland stone with rusticated corners, and had a circular pediment between two pineapples. Between

1813-399: The plantation of New Haven Colony , Connecticut . Davenport's successor, John Goodwin (instituted 1633), was also a prominent Puritan preacher . Dame Margaret Wroth , a patron sympathetic to his views, who died in 1635 and was buried here beside her husband's parents, left benefactions for sermons to be preached on the anniversaries of her own burial and that of her daughter. Goodwin

1862-533: The running title of Two Italian Gentlemen , that being the second title to Fidele and Fortunatus in the Register. Both copies are without title pages; but to one of them is prefixed a dedication signed A.M., and we may with tolerable certainty conclude that Anthony Munday was the author or translator of it, and that it was printed about the date of its entry on the Stationers' Books. Munday wrote two plays on

1911-428: The south side, and two in 1827, one on the north side and another, for children above the organ gallery. There was a small graveyard to the north of the church and a paved yard to the south. Over the gateway to the latter was a relief depicting the last judgement. It is possible that the explorer William Dampier was buried in the church or churchyard, as he was reported to have died in the parish in 1715. An organ

1960-433: The varying partnerships between writers, in an age when many plays were collaborations. It also shows Henslowe to have been a careful man of business, obtaining security in the form of rights to his authors' works, and holding their manuscripts, while tying them to him with loans and advances. If a play was successful, Henslowe would commission a sequel. Performances of works with titles similar to Shakespearean plays, such as

2009-446: The vicar and 13 parishioners – two of whom had signed the death warrant of Charles I. After its destruction in the Great Fire of London in 1666, the church was rebuilt on its old foundations. Work on the exterior was completed in 1677. In 1691, further funds were provided from the coal tax to build a gallery and a burial vault . The total cost of restoration was £4,517. The walls of the medieval tower quite substantially survived

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2058-485: Was a boar's head, a wooden leg, a golden fleece and the cauldron in which Marlowe's Jew of Malta is boiled to death.' The papers first came to critical attention in 1780, when Edmond Malone requested them from the Dulwich College library; the papers had been misplaced and were not found until 1790. Malone made a transcript of the parts he viewed as relevant to his variorum edition of Shakespeare. The original

2107-477: Was at one time assumed that his wife's inheritance gave Henslowe his start in business, but there is no evidence. His success in business appears to have brought him some social prominence. By the early-17th century, he was a vestryman , churchwarden and overseer of the poor in St Saviour's ward in Southwark . During the reign of Elizabeth I , he was a Groom of the Chamber . Under James I , he served as

2156-424: Was commemorated by a cock in a hoop motif that would decorate the church until 1940 and can still be seen in parish boundary markers. Early in the 17th century, St. Stephen's became a Puritan stronghold. A very prominent vestryman throughout this time was Sir Maurice Abbot . The church was renovated at the cost of the parishioners in 1622, and a gallery was added over the south aisle in 1629. John Davenport ,

2205-532: Was ejected from St Stephen's in 1645 for setting up a covenanted community within his parish and was briefly imprisoned after the Restoration for his political views. The five Members of Parliament impeached by Charles I repaired to Coleman Street in early 1642 when his troops were searching for them, and during the Commonwealth , communion was only allowed to those passed by a committee comprising

2254-448: Was involved in the trade in timber from Ashdown Forest. However, his main activity was as a landlord in Southwark. One of his authors, Henry Chettle , described him as being unscrupulously harsh with his poor tenants, even though Henslowe made many loans to Chettle and they seem to have been on friendly terms. In 1584, Henslowe purchased a property known as The Little Rose, in Southwark, which contained rose gardens and, almost certainly,

2303-408: Was not rebuilt; instead its parish was combined with that of St Margaret Lothbury . 51°30′56″N 0°05′25″W  /  51.5155°N 0.0904°W  / 51.5155; -0.0904 Philip Henslowe Philip Henslowe ( c.  1550 – 6 January 1616) was an Elizabethan theatrical entrepreneur and impresario . Henslowe's modern reputation rests on the survival of his diary,

2352-475: Was probably given to him with reference to the productions of his pen. He probably already had appeared on the stage as an actor when he was bound apprenticed in 1576 for eight years to the stationer John Allde , an apprenticeship from which he was soon released. By 1578 he was in Rome. In the opening lines of his English Romayne Lyfe (1582), he states that he went abroad solely in order to see strange countries and to learn foreign languages; but he may have been

2401-585: Was provided by John Avery in 1775. A notable vicar of St Stephen's was the Rev. Josiah Pratt (1768-1844), for 21 years Secretary of the Church Missionary Society . His son John Henry Pratt was a noted clergyman- geologist . The church suffered slight damage from bombing in 1917. It was destroyed, along with all its fittings, by German bombing in the Blitz on 29 December 1940. The church

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