77-459: Andrea Marie Truden (July 26, 1943 – November 7, 2011), better known by her pseudonym Andrea True , was an American former pornographic actress and singer from the disco era. In addition to her given name, she had multiple stage names, including Inger Kissin , Singe Low , Sandra Lips , Andrea Travis , and Catherine Warren . As a singer, she is best known for the 1976 pop-disco hit " More, More, More " (performed as part of her recording project
154-477: A "vote online" that makes up 50% of the judging criteria. The other 50% came from different music critics where in addition, ASCAP inducts jazz greats to its Jazz Wall of Fame in an annual ceremony held at ASCAP's New York City offices and honors PRS members that license their works through ASCAP at an annual awards gala in London, England. ASCAP also gives annually the special accolades Vanguard Award , Songwriter of
231-424: A busy and sometimes pressuring film set, maintain that erection while performing on camera, and then ejaculate on cue. However, the majority of on-screen ejaculations, semen , and "money shots" are artificial. In the past, an actor's inability to maintain an erection or being subject to premature ejaculation could make the difference between a film turning a profit or a loss. If an actor loses his erection, filming
308-561: A composer. Beginning in 1986, ASCAP created the Golden Soundtrack Award to honor composers for "outstanding achievements and contributions to the world of film and television music." In 1996, it was renamed the Henry Mancini Award to pay tribute to the late composer's history of achievements in the field. ASCAP also bestows the near-annual Deems Taylor Awards to writers and music journalists. Named after
385-434: A compromise: when a song is played, the user does not have to pay the copyright holder directly, nor does the music creator have to bill a radio station for use of a song. In 2021, ASCAP collected over US$ 1.335 billion in revenue, distributed $ 1.254 billion in royalties to rights-holders, and maintained a registry of over 16 million works. ASCAP membership surpassed 900,000 and revenues exceeded $ 1.5 billion in 2022. ASCAP
462-618: A congressional investigation into the practice of payola in 1959. In the 1950s and 1960s, television was introduced as a new revenue stream for ASCAP, one that maintains its importance today. With the birth of FM radio , new ASCAP members, including John Denver , Jimi Hendrix , Quincy Jones , Janis Joplin , and Carly Simon scored massive hits. Many Motown hits were written by ASCAP members Ashford & Simpson , Marvin Gaye , Smokey Robinson , and Stevie Wonder . Both The Beatles and The Rolling Stones licensed their works through ASCAP, and
539-619: A favorite in nightclubs. It reached no. 4 on the U.S. Billboard Hot 100 , no. 1 on the U.S. disco chart, and no. 1 on the national singles chart in Canada. It also peaked at no. 5 in the UK and no. 9 in Germany. A full album with the same title followed, which performed moderately in North America and spawned the second single, " Party Line ", a minor chart hit. "Forget Donna Summer —this
616-410: A foothold in that genre. At the same time, ASCAP member Shapiro, Bernstein & Co. started having country hits for ASCAP. By 1970, a new generation of ASCAP board members decided to launch a campaign to attract more songwriters and music publishers away from BMI. The campaign led to Motown Records switching most of its music publishing from BMI to ASCAP in 1971. During the last three decades of
693-751: A fresh face any more. Her price slips and she stops getting phone calls. Then it's, 'Okay, will you do anal? Will you do gangbangs ?' Then they're used up. They can't even get a phone call. The market forces of this industry use them up. Some performers note that "a performer's pleasure is not of primary importance" and that "porn sex is not the same as private sex". According to a study investigating health risks for industry performers, female performers experience significantly higher risk within their job role than male performers. The study reported: Performers engaged in risky health behaviors that included high-risk sexual acts that are unprotected, substance abuse, and body enhancement. They are exposed to physical trauma on
770-744: A growth developed on her vocal cords that required surgery, essentially ending her singing ability. She did, however, perform two sold-out shows at the Paramount Theater in New York City in 1994, and worked on new music, which eventually never materialised. True received a renewed burst of publicity in 1999 when the Canadian group Len sampled the instrumental break from "More, More, More" in their single " Steal My Sunshine ". Subsequently, True appeared on several VH1 specials including 100 Greatest Dance Songs in 2000 ("More, More, More"
847-585: A junior at St. Cecilia, True participated in Junior Achievement , serving as vice-president of a TV production enterprise. In 1960, she received an award for her work from the Radio and Television Council of Middle Tennessee. In a recorded interview published by The Rialto Report , True stated that she married David L. Wolfe at age 19, leaving college to follow her husband for his academic career, first to Oklahoma and then eventually to New York City in
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#1732791123893924-828: A letter to Facebook saying that their Instagram accounts were closed unfairly. Many say that they are being held to a different standard than mainstream celebrities. More than 1,300 performers claimed that their accounts have been deleted by Instagram's content moderators for violations of the site's community standards, despite not showing any nudity or sex. They claim that famous celebrities are allowed to be much more explicit on their accounts than porn stars or sex workers without getting sanctioned. Over 100 platforms, including banks, payment processors, social media websites and hotels have been accused of discriminating against sex workers. American Society of Composers, Authors and Publishers The American Society of Composers, Authors, and Publishers ( ASCAP ) ( / ˈ æ s k æ p / )
1001-434: A license, being considered a promotional vehicle for song sales. In 2009, Mike Masnick , the founder and CEO of Floor64 , accused ASCAP of keeping some royalties instead of passing them on to artists. He claimed ASCAP collects royalties from all sizes of live performance on behalf of all the artists it represents but passes on the royalties only to artists whose music is represented in one of "the top 200 grossing US tours of
1078-511: A popular song on television and in movies, and True was eventually able to claim outstanding royalties from the track's usage and sales. She spent her final years living in Woodstock, New York , suffering from declining health. True died on November 7, 2011, at a hospital in Kingston, New York . She was 68 years old. The cause was given as heart failure . In line with her wishes, True's body
1155-706: A regulated set since 2004. Exceptional performance of pornographic actors and actresses is recognized in the AVN Awards , XRCO Awards and XBIZ Awards . The AVN Awards are film awards sponsored and presented by the American adult video industry trade magazine AVN ( Adult Video News ). They are called the " Oscars of porn". The AVN Awards are divided into nearly 100 categories, some of which are analogous to industry awards offered in other film and video genres, and others that are specific to pornographic / erotic film and video. The XRCO Awards are given by
1232-872: A ringtone public performance. In statements to the press, ASCAP noted the following: On October 14, 2009, a federal court ruled that "when a ringtone plays on a cellular telephone, even when that occurs in public, the user is exempt from copyright liability, and [the cellular carrier] is not liable either secondarily or directly." The ruling made clear that playing music in public, when done without any commercial purpose, does not infringe copyright. (US v. ASCAP, US District Court, Southern District of New York). Further controversies arose involving ASCAP in 2009 and 2010. The organization requested that some websites pay licensing fees on embedded YouTube videos, even though YouTube already pays licensing fees, and demanded payment from Amazon.com and iTunes for 30-second streaming previews of music tracks, which traditionally does not require
1309-419: A scene, or $ 100 to $ 200 if he's new." According to producer Seymore Butts in 2007, who runs his own sex-film recruitment agency as well as producing sex films, "depending on draw, female performers who perform in both straight and lesbian porn earn more than those who do just heterosexual scenes [and] usually make about US$ 200–800 while those who only do oral sex (blow job) usually only make about US$ 100–300 for
1386-666: A year for hepatitis , syphilis and HSV . AIM closed all its operations in May 2011. Since 2011, STI testing for pornographic performers is being monitored by Free Speech Coalition , which set up the Adult Production Health and Safety Services (APHSS) system, now known as Performer Availability Screening Services (PASS). Performers are tested every fourteen days for HIV , syphilis , gonorrhea , chlamydia , hepatitis B and C and trichomoniasis . According to PASS, there has not been an on-set transmission of HIV on
1463-412: Is an American not-for-profit performance-rights organization (PRO) that collectively licenses the public performance rights of its members' musical works to venues, broadcasters, and digital streaming services (music stores). ASCAP collects licensing fees from users of music created by ASCAP members, then distributes them back to its members as royalties . In effect, the arrangement is the product of
1540-446: Is forced to stop. This problem has been addressed with the use of Viagra , although Viagra can make the actor's face noticeably flushed, give him a headache, make it difficult to ejaculate, and can take about 45 minutes to take effect. According to director John Stagliano , using Viagra means "You also lose a dimension. The guy's fucking without being aroused." Ron Jeremy , John Holmes , and Rocco Siffredi are considered by AVN as
1617-494: Is mainly determined by demand. Depending on the genre of the film, the on-screen appearance, age, and physical features of the actors and their ability to create the sexual mood of the video is of critical importance. Most actors specialize in certain genres, such as straight , bisexual , gay , lesbian , bondage , strap-on , anal , double penetration , semen swallowing , teenage, orgy , age roleplay , fauxcest , interracial or MILFs and more. The pornography industry in
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#17327911238931694-402: Is not necessarily unethical or degrading. According to Lynn Comella, a women's studies professor at UNLV , presenting demeaning practices as representative of the entire porn industry is "akin to talking about Hollywood while only referencing Spaghetti Westerns ". A 2012 study titled, "Why Become a Pornography Actress?" analyzed female performers in pornography, and their reasons for choosing
1771-532: Is the chick on the boxcover. She has the power. So she'll show up late or not at all. 99.9% of them do that. Less desirable actresses are more likely to agree to perform more extreme and high-risk sexual acts such as " double-anal " in order to get work. According to Morgan: Some girls are used up in nine months or a year. An 18-year-old, sweet young thing, signs with an agency, makes five films in her first week. Five directors, five actors, five times five: she gets phone calls. A hundred movies in four months. She's not
1848-496: Is the real disco porn. She's covered on the cover right up to the clavicle, her rhythms sound more binary than her producer's, and she can't sing a lick. But even if you haven't seen her movies, she projects an exhibitionistic suck-and-fuck tractability that links the two pervasive fantasy media of our time, and from such conjunctions Great Art arises." — More, More, More , reviewed in Christgau's Record Guide: Rock Albums of
1925-641: Is unable to negotiate satisfactory terms with ASCAP, or is otherwise unable to get a license, may go to the court in the Southern District of New York overseeing the consent decree and litigate the terms they find objectionable, and the terms set by the court will be binding upon the licensee and ASCAP. BMI also signed a consent decree in 1941. ASCAP's membership diversified further in the 1940s, bringing along jazz and swing greats, including Duke Ellington , Count Basie , Benny Goodman , and Fletcher Henderson . The movies also soared in popularity during
2002-475: The Journal of Sex Research found in a survey that the majority of male pornography consumers disliked seeing "acts that were more clearly unpleasant/painful for female performers, such as forced gagging or forceful anal penetration." The study concluded that despite the oversaturation of extreme and kinky content in the industry, most consumers are not interested in kinky, fetish or degrading pornography. While
2079-494: The Electronic Frontier Foundation , and Creative Commons , creating notable controversy as many argued that these licenses are a form of copyright and offer the artist an extra choice. Lawrence Lessig , a co-founder of Creative Commons, responded stating that they are not aiming to undermine copyright, and invited ASCAP for a public debate. The offer was turned down by ASCAP's Paul Williams . It
2156-474: The Sherman Anti-Trust Act . The Justice Department sued ASCAP in 1937 but abandoned the case. The Justice Department sued again in 1941, and the case was settled with a consent decree in which the most important points were that ASCAP must fairly set rates and not discriminate between customers who have basically the same requirements to license music, or "similar standing". Also, anyone who
2233-658: The X-Rated Critics Organization annually. The Venus Awards are presented each year in Berlin as part of the Venus Berlin trade fair . With some notable or occasional exceptions, pornographic actors are not generally reported on by mainstream media . As a result, specialized publications (or trade journals ) emerged to serve as a source of information about the industry, its business dealings, trends and forecasts, as well as its personnel. Two of
2310-414: The 1920s brought an important new source of income for ASCAP. Radio stations originally only broadcast performers live, the performers working for free. Later, performers wanted to be paid, and recorded performances became more prevalent. ASCAP started collecting license fees from the broadcasters. Between 1931 and 1939, ASCAP increased royalty rates charged to broadcasters by more than 400%. In 2010, ASCAP
2387-550: The 1930s and 1940s, and with them came classic scores and songs by new ASCAP members like Harold Arlen , Dee Libbey , Johnny Mercer , Cole Porter , Morton Gould , and Jule Styne . Classical-music composers Aaron Copland , Igor Stravinsky , Florence Price , and Leonard Bernstein brought their compositions into the ASCAP repertory in the 1940s. In the 1940s, it was common for ASCAP and BMI to send out field representatives to sign new songwriters and music publishing companies, as
Andrea True - Misplaced Pages Continue
2464-537: The 1970s and early to mid-1980s in the early New York adult film industry. During her heyday as a porn actress, around 1975, True was hired by a real estate business in Jamaica to appear in their commercials. While she was working there, the Jamaican government banned asset transfers in response to sanctions imposed by the U.S. after the election of Michael Manley , a supporter of Fidel Castro . In order to return to
2541-551: The 1972 feature Deep Throat . The film grossed millions of dollars worldwide, a success that was echoed by similar stars and productions such as Marilyn Chambers ( Behind the Green Door ), Gloria Leonard ( The Opening of Misty Beethoven ), Georgina Spelvin ( The Devil in Miss Jones ), and Bambi Woods ( Debbie Does Dallas ). The period from the early 1970s through the late 1970s or early 1980s has been called
2618-479: The 20th century, ASCAP's membership grew to reflect every new development in music, including the funk , punk rock , heavy metal , hip-hop , techno , and grunge music genres. Creators ranging from Lauryn Hill and Dr. Dre to the Ramones , Slayer , and John Zorn joined. ASCAP launched a Latin membership department to serve ASCAP Latin writers— Marc Anthony , Joan Sebastian , and Olga Tañon among them–with
2695-678: The Andrea True Connection), which peaked at no. 4 on the US Billboard Hot 100 and no. 5 on the UK Singles Chart . Andrea Marie Truden was born in Nashville, Tennessee , where she attended St. Cecilia Academy , a Catholic school for girls dedicated to the performing arts. She studied music at George Peabody College at Vanderbilt University . Her father, Frank, was an engineer, and he died when True
2772-452: The French productions. Performers in these early productions were usually uncredited or used pseudonyms to avoid legal sanction and social disapprobation. The use of pseudonyms was the norm in the industry; pornographic film actors maintained a low profile, using pseudonyms to maintain a level of anonymity, while others performed uncredited. The use of pseudonyms has remained a tradition in
2849-766: The Golden Age of Porn , when erotic films were produced in the United States with narratives, backed by movie-style promotional budgets, and were shown in public theaters and accepted (or at least tolerated) for public consumption. Performers in these productions became celebrities including Peter Berlin , John Holmes , Ginger Lynn Allen , Porsche Lynn , Desireé Cousteau , Juliet Anderson (Aunt Peg), Lisa De Leeuw , Veronica Hart , Nina Hartley , Harry Reems , Seka , Annette Haven and Amber Lynn . Meanwhile, in Europe, many pornographic actresses and actors come from
2926-592: The Seventies (1981) By the time of her singing career, True admitted she was burned out and tired of porn, saying, "I'd rather be a waitress or a typist than make another adult film", and also, "Don't think of me as a porn star any more, think of me as a recording star. I just want to record and perform". She was performing extensively and went on to play around 300 shows within a year from June 1976. Andrea True Connection came fifth in ASCAP 's ranking of disco artists of
3003-588: The Spanish-speaking world as their audience. In 1981, ASCAP prevailed against CBS in an eleven-year-old court case challenging the ASCAP blanket license. ASCAP licenses over 11,500 local commercial radio stations, more than 2500 non-commercial radio broadcasters and hundreds of thousands of "general" licensees (bars, restaurants, theme parks, etc.). It maintains reciprocal relationships with nearly 40 foreign PROs across six continents, and licenses billions of public performances worldwide each year. ASCAP
3080-435: The U.S., True would have had to either forfeit her pay or spend the money before she went home. True, who by this time was trying to break into the music industry, chose to invest the money in recording a demo of " More, More, More ", a song she had been working on with record producer Gregg Diamond , her partner in a project called The Andrea True Connection. Remixed by recording engineer Tom Moulton , "More, More, More" became
3157-431: The United States was the first to develop its own movie star system, primarily for commercial reasons. In other countries, the "star" system is not common, with most actors being amateurs. Most performers use a pseudonym and strive to maintain off-screen anonymity. A number of pornographic actors and actresses have written autobiographies. It is very rare for pornographic actors and actresses to successfully cross over to
Andrea True - Misplaced Pages Continue
3234-592: The United States. As of 2011 , it was reported that roughly 1,200–1,500 performers were working in California's " Porn Valley ". Production of risqué films commenced with the start of photography. "Moving pictures" that featured nudity were popular in " penny arcades " of the early 1900s which had hand-cranked films and stereoscope glasses, as well as vitascope theaters. These attractions featured topless women, full frontal nudity, and sexual coupling. Production of erotic films commenced almost immediately after
3311-596: The Year, and Publisher of the Year. In 1979, to honor composers of concert music (Classical) in the early stages of their careers, ASCAP created The ASCAP Foundation Young Composer Awards which, upon the death of ASCAP President Morton Gould in 1996, were renamed the ASCAP Foundation Morton Gould Young Composer Awards to honor Gould's lifelong commitment to encouraging young creators as well as his own early development as
3388-745: The copyrighted musical compositions of its members, who were mostly writers and publishers associated with Tin Pan Alley . ASCAP's earliest members included the era's most active songwriters, George M. Cohan , Rudolf Friml , Otto Harbach , Jerome Kern , John Philip Sousa , Alfred Baldwin Sloane , James Weldon Johnson , Robert Hood Bowers and Harry Tierney . Subsequently, many other prominent songwriters became members. Composers who could not read and write musical notation were ineligible for membership. This requirement, since dropped, excluded many songwriters in such genres as country . However, an exception
3465-439: The female performers is of primary importance. They are typically younger in age than their male counterparts, in their teens, 20s, and 30s. There is a preference in the industry for thinness and large-breasted actresses; some film studios encourage their actresses to have breast implants , and offer to pay for the procedure. According to actor-turned-director Jonathan Morgan : The girls could be graded like A, B and C. The A
3542-405: The film set. Many entered and left the industry with financial insecurity and suffered from mental health problems. Women were more likely than men to be exposed to health risks. Adult film performers, especially women, are exposed to health risks that accumulate over time and that are not limited to sexually transmitted diseases. Furthermore, there is a contrary opinion stating that porn production
3619-425: The firms were not household names; one such ASCAP employee was Loring Buzzell , who later formed the music publishing company Hecht-Lancaster & Buzzell Music . The rise of rock and roll derived from both country music and rhythm and blues music caused airplay of BMI licensed songs to double that of ASCAP licensed songs. ASCAP officials decided that the practice of payola was the reason. So ASCAP spearheaded
3696-723: The first president of ASCAP, Deems Taylor , they were established in 1967 to honor his memory. The Deems Taylor Award "recognizes books, articles, broadcasts and websites on the subject of music selected for their excellence." ASCAP attracted media attention in 1996 when it threatened Girl Scouts of the USA and Boy Scouts of America camps that sang ASCAP's copyrighted works at camps with lawsuits for not paying licensing fees. These threats were later retracted. However, it has drawn negative attention for cracking down on licensing fees on other occasions as well, such as when it demanded that open mic events need to pay licensing (even if most or all of
3773-521: The following: Porn actors have spoken out about discrimination they face due to their work, including being denied banking services and being fired from other jobs. Lana Rhoades and others faced difficulty when renting or buying a home. On numerous occasions, banks closed or refused to open the accounts of porn actors. Chanel Preston was among those whose bank account was closed due to her profession. Porn actors also face discrimination from social media websites. Around 200 performers and models signed
3850-639: The general public; the Los Angeles Times reported that Jesse Jane was paid between $ 5,000 to $ 10,000 for one appearance by a Chicago club. In the 1980s, there was an outbreak of HIV/AIDS in the pornographic film industry which caused many deaths. This led to the creation of the Adult Industry Medical Health Care Foundation (AIM) in 1998, which voluntarily tested the pornographic performers for HIV , chlamydia and gonorrhea every 30 days; and twice
3927-537: The industry (20%). According to a 2013 study in the Journal of Sex Research , female porn performers were reported to have engaged in sexual activity at a younger age, utilized several drugs, identify as bisexual, had more sexual partners, and have better enjoyment of sex compared to their non-porn peers. They were also found to have a good quality of life, social support systems, sexual fulfillment, spirituality, and equal or better levels of self-esteem compared to their non-porn counterparts. A 2018 review published in
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#17327911238934004-498: The industry, and actors would perform under a number of pseudonyms, depending on the genre of film, or changed a pseudonym when the previous one ceased to be a draw card. Casey Donovan starred in the first mainstream pornographic hit, Boys in the Sand , in 1971. However, arguably the first pornstar to become a household name was Linda Lovelace (the pseudonym of Linda Susan Boreman) from New York City , United States, who starred in
4081-587: The invention of the motion picture. The first erotic film was the seven-minute 1896 film Le Coucher de la Mariée directed by Frenchman Albert Kirchner (under the name "Léar") which had Louise Willy performing a bathroom striptease . Other French filmmakers also started making this type of risqué films, showing women disrobing. The Pathé brothers supplied the demand throughout Europe. In Austria , Johann Schwarzer produced 52 erotic productions between 1906 and 1911, each of which contained young local women fully nude, to provide an alternative local source to
4158-521: The late 1960s. True performed in a few pornographic films in Scandinavia in the 1960s and, by the end of the decade, began appearing in American adult films. Her first prominent role was in the film Head Nurse in 1972. She also appeared as an extra in non-adult films The Way We Were and 40 Carats . In 1975, she directed her first pornographic film, Once Over Nightly . Eventually, she performed in more than fifty hardcore porn films throughout
4235-427: The mainstream film industry. Certain pornographic actors have leveraged their success to branch into different entrepreneurial endeavours, such as Jenna Jameson 's ClubJenna. Leaked patient database of Adult Industry Medical Health Care Foundation in 2011 contained details of over 12,000 pornographic actors that it had tested since 1998, providing estimates of the number of pornographic film actors who have worked in
4312-595: The manager of Capri Anderson said, "A contract girl will only shoot for one company, she won't shoot for anyone else. Most actresses in the adult industry are free agents – they'll shoot for anyone. Most contract girls make $ 60,000 a year. In one year, a contract girl will shoot, on average, four movies and each movie takes about two or three weeks to shoot." Besides appearing in films, porn stars often make money from endorsements and appearance fees. For instance, in 2010, some night clubs were paying female porn stars and Playboy Playmates to appear there to act as draws for
4389-462: The occupation; it found that the primary reasons were money (53%), sex (27%), and attention (16%). Respondents also stated the aspects of their work which they disliked. These included industry-associated people, e.g., co-workers, directors, producers, and agents, whose "attitudes, behaviors, and poor hygiene [were] difficult to handle within their work environment" or who were unscrupulous and unprofessional (39%); STIs risk (29%); and exploitation within
4466-409: The predominant media outlets are Adult Video News and XBIZ . Certain performers also have had their public accounts blocked on social media platforms. The Internet Adult Film Database ( IAFD ) lists adult film productions dating back to the 1970s, the performers in those films, and the associated directors. A number of pornographic actors and actresses have written autobiographies, including
4543-467: The primary focus of heterosexual adult films are the women in them, who are mostly selected for their on-screen appearance, there is a definite focus on the male performers who are able to fulfill the desires of the male watching audience as their on-screen proxies. Most male performers in heterosexual pornography are generally selected less for their looks and more for their sexual prowess, namely their ability to do three things: achieve an erection while on
4620-645: The scene". In a 2004 interview conducted by Local10 news of Florida, it was claimed that individuals were offered $ 700 for sexual intercourse while shooting a scene of the popular series Bang Bus . In 2001, actress Chloe said of pay-rates: "In Gonzo , you're paid not by the picture, but by the scene. So it's girl-girl: $ 700, plus $ 100 for an anal toy. Boy-girl: $ 900. Anal: $ 1,100. Solo: $ 500. DP: $ 1,500." Salaries for female actresses typically range from $ 60,000 to $ 400,000, compared with $ 40,000 for male actors. In 2017, The Independent reported that top porn performers' salaries were around $ 300,000 to $ 400,000. In 2011,
4697-566: The sex acts performed. Higher-paid female performers could make around $ 1200 per scene. The Los Angeles Times reported, in 2009, that the pay rates for a female actress performing heterosexual scenes were $ 700 to $ 1,000. According to the porn website Videobox in 2008, actresses make these rates: Blowjobs: $ 200–$ 400; Straight sex: $ 400–$ 1,200; Anal sex: $ 900–$ 1,500; Double Penetration: $ 1,200–$ 1,600; Double anal: $ 2,000. For more unusual fetishes, women generally get 15% extra. Ron Jeremy has commented that in 2008, "The average guy gets $ 300 to $ 400
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#17327911238934774-519: The so-called pornographic bloc countries, such as Russia , Romania , Czech Republic , Slovakia and Hungary . In France, popular female performers have included Brigitte Lahaie , Clara Morgane , Céline Tran (Katsuni), and Yasmine Lafitte . In Italy , the Swedish Marina Lothar rose to prominence in the early 1980s, as well as Moana Pozzi , Ilona Staller (Cicciolina), and Lilli Carati . The on-screen physical appearances of
4851-517: The songs are original). ASCAP has also been criticized for its extremely non-transparent operations, including the refusal to release attendance records for board members, the notes from board meetings, and the reasoning behind their weighting formulas which determine how much money a song or composition earns for use on television or radio. In 2009, an ASCAP rate court case regarding ringtones generated considerable public attention. Critics claimed that ASCAP may seek to hold consumers responsible for
4928-472: The stations played regional music and styles (like rhythm and blues or country) that had been rejected by ASCAP. Upon the conclusion of litigation between broadcasters and ASCAP in October 1941, ASCAP settled for a lower fee than they had initially demanded. In the late 1930s, ASCAP's general control over most music and its membership requirements were considered to be in restraint of trade and illegal under
5005-948: The top male performers of all time. Adding to his fame, Ron Jeremy has been a staple in the industry since the 1970s and has become something of a cultural icon. Ken Shimizu is credited with having had sex with over 8,000 women in the course of making 7,500 films. Payment for pornstars is dependent on the sex acts performed; penetration typically paying highest. In a single scene, female actresses typically make between $ 100 and $ 6,000, while male actors make between $ 100 and $ 400. In 2017, The Independent reported that female performers in scenes with male performers typically earn around $ 1,000, compared with $ 700–800 in scenes with other females. The Independent also claimed that pay rates are subject to variation up or down by around 10–20%, depending on various factors. The Daily Beast claimed in 2019 that female performers could make between $ 300 and $ 2500 per scene, depending on their level of experience and
5082-451: The very first country Grammy Award went to ASCAP writer Bobby Russell for " Little Green Apples ". During this period, ASCAP also initiated a series of lawsuits to recover the position they lost during the boycott of 1941, without success. The early 1960s folk music revival, led by ASCAP member Bob Dylan (later switched to SESAC ) made ASCAP a major player in that genre. Dylan's expansion into rock music later that decade gave ASCAP
5159-399: The year. In early 1977, True released the single " N.Y., You Got Me Dancing ". It became a considerable hit, reaching no. 27 on Billboard ' s pop chart and no. 4 on the disco chart. In early 1978, she had another hit with " What's Your Name, What's Your Number ", which peaked at no. 56 in the U.S. and no. 34 in the UK. Both singles were included in her second album, White Witch . It
5236-427: The year." This is true in accordance with ASCAP's membership agreement, which states that top performing writers and publishers receive, "bonus incentives", which are taken from the untraceable revenue brought in by bars, nightclubs, and similarly situated venues. In June 2010, ASCAP sent letters to its members soliciting donations to fight entities that support weaker copyright restrictions, such as Public Knowledge ,
5313-762: Was cremated . Pornographic film actor A pornographic film actor or actress , pornographic performer , adult entertainer , or porn star is a person who performs sex acts on video that is usually characterized as a pornographic film . Such videos tend to be made in a number of distinct pornographic subgenres and attempt to present a sexual fantasy ; the actors selected for a particular role are primarily selected on their ability to create or fit that fantasy. Pornographic videos are characterized as either softcore , which does not contain depictions of sexual penetration or extreme fetishism , and hardcore , which can contain depictions of penetration or extreme fetishism, or both. The genres and sexual intensity of videos
5390-469: Was 16 years old. Her mother Anne owned a silverplating business and was a professional singer, specializing in polka , who recorded her own record and had performed with Frankie Yankovic 's band. Her parents were immigrants from Slovenia . As a child, True studied classical piano and was given a high rating for her piano audition for St. Cecilia Academy in 1954. At age 15, she hosted her own television program Teen Beat for Nashville station WLAC . While
5467-498: Was a commercial flop and did not chart due to a lack of promotion from Buddah Records as the label was struggling financially at the time. In 1980, she released her third and final album, War Machine , promoted by the anti-war title song. A more rock and new wave -oriented album, it was released only in Europe, but it flopped. True never returned to adult film industry and for some time performed in clubs in Florida. After that,
5544-469: Was founded on February 13, 1914, by Victor Herbert , together with composers George Botsford , Silvio Hein, Irving Berlin , Louis Hirsch , John Raymond Hubbell , Gustave Kerker , and Jean Schwartz ; lyricist Glen MacDonough ; publishers George Maxwell (who served as its first president) and Jay Witmark and copyright attorney Nathan Burkan at the Hotel Claridge in New York City, to protect
5621-506: Was inducted into the American Classical Music Hall of Fame . In 1940, when ASCAP tried to double its license fees again, radio broadcasters formed a boycott of ASCAP and founded a competing royalty agency, Broadcast Music Incorporated (BMI). During a ten-month period lasting from January 1 to October 29, 1941, no music licensed by ASCAP (1,250,000 songs) was broadcast on NBC and CBS radio stations. Instead,
5698-510: Was made to admit Irving Berlin . In 1919, ASCAP and the Performing Rights Society of Great Britain (since 1997 known as PRS for Music ), signed the first reciprocal agreement for the representation of each other's members' works in their respective territories. Today, ASCAP has global reciprocal agreements and licenses the U.S. performances of hundreds of thousands of international music creators. The advent of radio in
5775-508: Was reported in April 2020, that songwriters and composers were facing delays in receiving royalties. This was delivered via a memo to hundreds of thousands of members from CEO Elizabeth Matthews, who said the global disruption of the COVID-19 pandemic was to blame. This raised contention as those critical of the announcement wondered why the pandemic at that time would affect payments related to
5852-471: Was the first U.S. PRO to distribute royalties for performances on the Internet and continues to pursue and secure licenses for websites, digital music providers and other new media. ASCAP honors its top members in a series of annual awards shows in seven different music categories: pop, rhythm and soul , film and television, Latin , country , Christian , and concert music . Awards are presented through
5929-488: Was the no. 45 greatest dance song), Where Are They Now? and 100 Greatest One-Hit Wonders (both in 2002), in which she said she wanted to be remembered as a person who "gave people pleasure" — then emphasized the words — "with my music". She also made an appearance in the 2005 documentary movie Inside Deep Throat . In her later years, she was reported as working as a counselor for people struggling with substance abuse , and as an astrologer . "More, More, More" remained
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