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90-585: The Annual Survey of American Law was founded in 1942, making it the second-oldest law journal at NYU. The journal formally added New York University to the title in 1999. Originally, it was compiled by members of the NYU faculty as a comprehensive annual reference to developments in American law. The Annual Survey is now a quarterly publication that, in addition to publishing generalist legal scholarship, continues to dedicate itself to exploring legal developments from

180-429: A dual-core Apple A5 chip consisting of a twice-as-fast CPU and a nine-times-faster GPU. It has one camera each on the front and the back, both of which support Apple's video-telephony service, FaceTime . Apple slimmed the iPad by eliminating the display's stamped-sheet-metal frame, using thinner glass for the screen overlay, and eliminating some space between the display and battery. The third generation of iPad

270-550: A "pioneer" manual. According to Harvard, the origin of The Bluebook was a pamphlet for proper citation forms for articles in the Harvard Law Review written by its editor, Erwin Griswold . However, according to a 2016 study by two Yale librarians, Harvard's claim is incorrect. They trace the origin of The Bluebook to a 1920 publication by Karl N. Llewellyn at Yale on how to write law journal materials for

360-715: A "public-domain implementation of the Bluebook 's Uniform System of Citation," which his group calls BabyBlue . However, a law firm (Ropes & Gray) representing the Harvard Law Review Association (HLRA) sent him a letter stating: [W]e believe that BabyBlue may include content identical or substantially similar to content or other aspects of The Bluebook that constitute original works of authorship protected by copyright, and which are covered by various United States copyright registrations. ... [M]y client has been and remains concerned that

450-441: A 1 GHz Apple A4 CPU with 256 MB of RAM and a PowerVR SGX535 GPU . It has four buttons; a home button that directs the user to its homepage , a wake-and-sleep button, and two volume-control buttons. Its multi-touch -based display has a resolution of 1,024 by 768 pixels. The second generation of iPad was announced on March 2, 2011, and released on March 11. It is 33% thinner and 15% lighter than its predecessor, and uses

540-539: A 1.8× faster CPU than its predecessor. Its audio system consisted of 4 audio ports and its volume were more 3× more efficient than the second generation of iPad Air, and its 12-inch screen display had a resolution of 2732 by 2043 pixels. The second generation of iPad Pro was announced on June 5, 2017, and was released on June 13. It used an Apple A10X chip, with a 6-core CPU and 12-core GPU. It can process 120 Hz HDR quality medias, 2× higher quality than its predecessor. Its ultra-low reflective Retina Display featured

630-551: A 40 percent faster 6-core CPU and a 2-times faster 4-core GPU than its predecessor. The Apple A12 also included an embedded Neural Engine, and is capable of processing 5 trillion operations per second. The ninth generation of iPad was announced and released on September 14, 2021. It uses an Apple A13 Bionic chip, which has a 20% faster CPU and GPU and an embedded, artificial intelligence–immersed Neural Engine. Its 12-megapixel ultra wide front camera adds support for Apple's "Center Stage Mode" technology, which locates people in

720-547: A 40% faster 6-core CPU and 80% faster 5-core GPU. Its 16-core Neural Engine and AI accelerators within the CPU delivers a 2× boost of AI performance. Its 12-megapixel Ultra Wide front camera featured Apple's "Center Stage Mode" technology, while its 12-megapixel back camera had larger apertures, True Tone flash, and Smart HDR automatic shadow and highlight recovery. It includes a USB-C port, capable of transferring up to 5 gigabits per second of data; improved landscape stereo speakers; and

810-437: A 40% faster 6-core CPU, a 30% faster 4-core GPU, and an embedded Neural Engine that can process 11 trillion operations per second. Its 10.9-inch Liquid Retina Screen display has a resolution of 2360 by 1640 pixels (3.8 million pixels). Its front 7-megapixel Facetime Camera is of 1080p and 60 fps, while its 12-megapixel webcam featured 8 aperture, 4K, 60fps, and video stabilization. The fourth generation iPad Air replaces

900-401: A 40% faster 8-core CPU, a 4× faster 8-core GPU, and a 4× higher bandwidth. It featured a ƒ/1.8 aperture 12-megapixel wide-angle pro camera (captures high quality shots) and a ƒ/2.4 aperture 10-megapixel ultrawide camera (captures enhanced Augmented Reality interactive experience). It debuted Apple's "Center Stage mode" technology, which pinpoints the positions of the users and automatically tracks

990-445: A 50% optimized True Tone technology (which automatically adjust the screen accordingly to its ambient color and brightness rates), Wide Color Integration, and up to 500 nit brightness rates. It also had a 12-megapixel rear-facing camera and a 7-megapixel front-facing camera. The third generation of iPad Pro was announced on October 30, 2018, and released on November 7, and it is the first iPad to support 1   TB of storage. It used

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1080-455: A 50-page patent application that includes an illustration of hands touching and gesturing on a tablet computer. In September 2009, Taiwan Economic News , citing "industry sources", reported the tablet computer Apple was working on would be announced in February 2010, although the announcement was made in that year's January. The iPad's concept predates that of the iPhone, although the iPhone

1170-554: A 7 nm Apple A12X Bionic chip, which comprised 11 billion transistors, an 8-core CPU, 7-core GPU and an embedded Neural Engine capable of processing 5 trillion operations per second. Apple replaced the Touch ID fingerprint recognition biometric authentication with its facial counterpart, Face ID. The fourth generation of iPad Pro was announced and released on March 18, 2020. It used an Apple A12Z chip, with an 8-core CPU and 8-core GPU. Its Gbit-class Wi-Fi connectivity

1260-413: A 720p front-facing FaceTime HD camera. Its display has a resolution of 2,048 by 1,536 pixels. The fifth generation of iPad was announced on March 21, 2017, and released on March 24. It uses an Apple A9 chip with an accompanying M9 motion coprocessor, and its cameras can capture low-light and HD-quality shots. Despite using the same Apple A9 and M9 processors as the 2015 iPhone 6S, it lacks support of

1350-509: A 802.11a/b/g/n standard Wifi connectivity. It targets the emerging sector of mini tablets , such as Kindle Fire and Nexus 7 . The second generation of iPad Mini was announced on October 22, 2013, and released on November 12. Its hardware resembles that of the first generation of iPad Air. The third generation of iPad Mini was announced on October 16, 2014, and released on October 22. It uses an Apple A7 chip with an embedded M7 motion coprocessor, and its 7.9-inch Retina screen display has

1440-461: A Retina Display. The second generation of iPad Air was announced on October 16, 2014, and released on October 22. It used an Apple A8X chip with a 2.5× faster CPU. Its 8MP iSight Camera had 1.12-micron pixels and a f/2.4 aperture, while its FaceTime Camera had f/2.2 aperture and 81% light capacity. Its display had a revised 56% lower reflective rate. It also had an extended range of LTE telecommunication service. The third generation of iPad Air

1530-410: A brighter Liquid Retina Display. The seventh generation of iPad Mini was announced on October 15, 2024. It is powered by an Apple A17 Pro chip, which Apple says has 30 percent faster CPU, 25 percent faster GPU and a neural engine twice as fast as the previous generation. This model is marketed by Apple as built for Apple Intelligence , its upcoming artificial intelligence features. The storage on

1620-466: A design trademark patent in Europe for a handheld computer, hypothetically referencing the iPad, beginning a new round of speculation that led to a 2003 report of Apple-affiliated manufacturer Quanta leaking Apple's orders for wireless displays. In May 2005, Apple filed US Design Patent No. D504,889 that included an illustration depicting a man touching and using a tablet device. In August 2008, Apple filed

1710-570: A far simpler citation system based largely on the First Edition of the Bluebook . This system, which he includes in a manual he provides for his law clerks, was reprinted in the aforementioned Yale Law Journal article. At the time of the article, his citation system was 885 words long, or about two printed pages—far shorter than the 511 pages of the Nineteenth Edition, the 640 pages of the then-current ALWD Citation Manual , or

1800-686: A majority of U.S. law schools and is also used in a majority of federal courts . Legal publishers also use several "house" citation styles in their works. The Bluebook is compiled by the Harvard Law Review Association, the Columbia Law Review , the Yale Law Journal , and the University of Pennsylvania Law Review . Currently, it is in its 21st edition (published July   2020). Its name

1890-639: A petition supporting BabyBlue . Yale and NYU students added their separate petitions supporting BabyBlue . A posting in the Harvard Law Record commented: The intellectual property claims that the HLR Association made may or may not be spurious. But independent of that, the tactics employed by the HLR Association's counsel in dealing with Mr. Malamud and Prof. Sprigman are deplorable. The Harvard Law Review claims to be an organization that promotes knowledge and access to legal scholarship. It

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1980-405: A practice-oriented perspective. The Annual Survey publishes four issues each year. Two are general issues containing legal scholarship on current issues in American law. The Annual Survey each year sponsors a symposium, bringing scholars, advocates, and members of the judiciary to NYU to discuss a topic of interest, and publishes a symposium issue of the journal with articles arising out of

2070-401: A resolution of 2048 by 1536 pixels. It includes a 1080p HD camera, a FaceTime HD camera, and a 5-megapixel iSight camera. The fourth generation of iPad Mini was announced and released on September 9, 2015. It uses a dual-core Apple A8 chip with an embedded Apple M8 motion coprocessor. Its headphone jack was re-positioned with the removal of a mute switch. The fifth generation of iPad Mini

2160-415: A style guide that is designed to supplement The Bluebook . This guide focuses on citation for practitioners, so as an example, only two typefaces are used for law reviews, normal and italics. Other changes are also minor, such as moving supra from before the page referenced to after the page number. The guide does state that unless explicitly specified otherwise, The Bluebook rule takes precedence in

2250-470: Is 60% faster than that of its predecessor. It introduced a 10-megapixel ultra-wide camera, alongside its 12-megapixel wide camera, capable of capturing 4k video. These cameras allow it to capture medias with wider visibility, and its audio system automatically detects and attracts any orientation nearby. The fifth generation of iPad Pro was announced on April 20, 2021, and released on May 21. It used an innovative desktop-class Apple M1 chip, which comprised

2340-587: Is a venerated part of the traditions of Harvard Law School. But these actions by the Harvard Law Review speak of competition and not of justice. The posting also suggested that HLRA should "redirect the money it spends on legal fees ($ 185,664 in 2013)" to a more worthy purpose. David Post commented: "It's copyright nonsense, and Harvard should be ashamed of itself for loosing its legal hounds to dispense it in order to protect its (apparently fairly lucrative) publication monopoly." On March 31, 2016, it

2430-450: Is followed in the legal citation as the most widely accepted citation style, called the "Bible", the "final arbiter", even the legal citation " Kama Sutra ". Some states have adopted The Bluebook in full, while others have partially adopted The Bluebook . States such as Texas have supplements, such as The Greenbook , that merely address citation issues unique to Texas and otherwise follow The Bluebook . The Solicitor General issues

2520-729: Is intended for a federal or state court. California has allowed citations in Bluebook as well as the state's own style manual, but many practitioners and courts continue recommending the California Style Manual . An online-subscription version of The Bluebook was launched in 2008. A mobile version was launched in 2012 within the Rulebook app, which enables access for legal professionals to federal or state court rules, codes, and style manuals on iPad , and other mobile devices. The 21st edition of The Bluebook governs

2610-580: Is not compatible with the Magic Keyboard for iPad and Smart Keyboard Folio due to its smaller form factor. The first generation of iPad Air was announced on October 22, 2013, and released on November 1. It used an Apple A7 chip with an embedded Apple M7 Motion coprocessor; the chip included over a billion transistors and comprised a 2× faster CPU and GPU. It debuted the 802.11n-based MINO technology used in its Wi-Fi connectivity, and it had an extended range of LTE telecommunication. It also came with

2700-417: Is switching between portrait and landscape mode). Various accessibility described in § Accessibility functions enable users with vision and hearing disabilities to properly use iOS. iOS devices boot to the homescreen, the primary navigation and information "hub" on iOS devices, analogous to the desktop found on personal computers. iOS homescreens are typically made up of app icons and widgets; app icons launch

2790-509: Is used for academic articles. By 2011, The Bluebook was "the main guide and source of authority" on legal references for the past 90 years. It is recognized as the "gold standard" for legal references in the United States, even though it was originally designed only to help teach law students how to cite cases and other legal material. Although other citation systems exist, they have limited acceptance, and in general, The Bluebook

NYU Annual Survey of American Law - Misplaced Pages Continue

2880-479: The Yale Law Journal . The authors point out that some of the material in the 1926 first edition of The Bluebook (as well as that in a 1922 Harvard precursor to it published as Instructions for Editorial Work ) duplicate material in the 1920 Llewellen booklet and its 1921 successor, a blue pamphlet that the Yale Law Journal published as Abbreviations and Form of Citation . For several years before

2970-521: The Annual Survey : program participants agree to a rigorous writing schedule but are afforded an exemption from most journal production assignments. Bluebook The Bluebook: A Uniform System of Citation (commonly known as the Blue Book or Harvard Citator ) is a style guide that prescribes the most widely used legal citation system in the United States. It is taught and used at

3060-517: The Apple Pencil ― a wireless stylus pen, Smart Cover ― a magnetic screen protector that align to the face of an iPad with three folds that is convertible into a stand, Smart Case ― a fine case combining the functions of a Smart Cover and a back-protection case, Smart Keyboard Folio ― an externally-paired keyboard and a combination of a Smart Case and its predecessor, a Smart Keyboard , Magic Keyboard , ― an externally-paired keyboard similar to

3150-536: The BLUEBOOK Marks as to be likely, to cause confusion, mistake, and/or deception…Accordingly, and to avoid any risk of consumer confusion, my client respectfully demands that you agree (i) not to use the title or name BabyBlue , or any other title or name including the word "blue", for your work. In response to the HLRA letter to Sprigman, over 150 students, faculty, staff, and alumni of Harvard Law School signed

3240-475: The Lightning connector with USB-C . The fifth generation of iPad Air was announced on March 8, 2022, and released on March 18. It used an Apple M1 chip. The sixth generation of iPad Air was announced on May 7, 2024, with the general availability on May 15, 2024. It used an Apple M2 chip. It is the first iPad Air to have the available two display size options including 11-inch and 13-inch. It features

3330-437: The Lightning connector with USB-C . Unlike all previous models in the iPad range, as well as the sixth-generation iPad Pro announced the same day, this model's front-facing camera is placed along the device's long edge, making it more suitable for video calling applications. Despite having a USB-C connector, it is not compatible with the second-generation Apple Pencil that can be used with all other USB-C iPads, instead using

3420-569: The Newton MessagePad , a tablet-like personal digital assistant (PDA). John Sculley, Apple's chief executive officer, led the development. The MessagePad was poorly received for its indecipherable handwriting recognition feature and was discontinued at the direction of Jobs, who returned to Apple in 1998 after an internal power struggle. Apple also prototyped a PowerBook Duo –based tablet computer but decided not to release it to avoid hurting MessagePad sales. In May 2004, Apple filed

3510-474: The iPad Pro (7th generation) , it is only compatible with the Magic Keyboard that was designed for the iPad Pro 3rd , 4th , 5th and 6th generations. The first generation of the high-end and professional flagship iPad Pro was announced on September 9, 2015, and released on November 11, (12.9-inch version) and March 31 (9.7-inch). It used an Apple A9X chip, with a 2× higher memory bandwidth and

3600-513: The 19th edition, The Bluebook is significantly more complicated than the citation systems used by most other fields. Legal scholars have called for its replacement with a simpler system. The University of Chicago uses the simplified " Maroonbook ", and even simpler systems are in use by other parties. Judge Richard Posner is "one of the founding fathers of Bluebook abolitionism, having advocated it for almost twenty-five years, ever since his 1986 University of Chicago Law Review article on

3690-535: The Apple Pencil hover which is previously featured on the iPad Pro (6th generation) and the landscape oriented front-facing camera which is previously used on the tenth-generation iPad. Like the iPad Pro (7th generation) , it is only compatible with the Apple Pencil Pro alongside the lower-entry Apple Pencil with USB-C port, making it incompatible with the Apple Pencil (2nd generation) . Unlike

NYU Annual Survey of American Law - Misplaced Pages Continue

3780-571: The Michigan Supreme Court. The primary difference is that the Michigan system "omits all periods in citations, uses italics somewhat differently, and does not use 'small caps.'" As noted, Texas merely supplements The Bluebook with items that are unique to Texas courts, such as citing cases when Texas was an independent republic, petition and writ history, Attorney General Opinions, and similar issues. At over 500 pages for

3870-567: The U.S. AT&T network), and the other supports LTE bands 1, 3, 5, 13, 25 and CDMA EV-DO Rev. A and Rev. B. Apple extended the range of cellular compatibilities worldwide with the release of the fifth generation of iPad and the second generation of iPad Mini, worldwide and all major carriers across North America. The iPad Air and iPad Mini come in two cellular sub-variants, all of which featured nano-SIMs, quad-band GSM, penta-band UMTS, and dual-band CDMA EV-DO Rev. A and B. One supports LTE bands 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 7, 8, 13, 17, 18, 19, 20, 25 and 26, and

3960-641: The University of Pennsylvania Law Review, the law review's endowments total $ 59.4 million. The Bluebook has also been affected by the disruptions to the legal industry due to legal technology . In 2017, the startup company LegalEase launched a legal citation generator that enables its users to create citations in the Bluebook format. LawStar.io offers a similar product with the addition of 1-click citations. Bluebook 1 (1926) has approximately 30 sentences in common with Yale Law Journal ’s Abbreviations and Form of Citation (1921), as well as many of

4050-563: The Yale precursors back to Llewellyn-Field is the basic case example used in Bluebook 1. The Haines Yale Law Journal citation that is the basic periodical citation example used by the Yale precursors back to Llewellyn-Field is the basic periodical example used in Bluebook 1. Most of the section on treatises is identical between 1921 and 1926. IPad The iPad is a brand of iOS - and iPadOS -based tablet computers that are developed and marketed by Apple . The first-generation iPad

4140-542: The always-on " Hey Siri " voice recognition, a feature advertised as being made possible by low-power processing in those chips. The sixth generation of iPad was announced and released on March 27, 2018. It uses a dual-core Apple A10 Fusion chip and feature a 1080p and 30fps rear mounted 8-megapixel iSight camera, and a 720p Facetime HD camera. It was the first non-Pro iPad to support the Apple Pencil . It also had faster FaceTime HD, LTE connectivity, Touch ID, and multitask functionalities. The seventh generation of iPad

4230-550: The associated app, whereas widgets display live, auto-updating content, such as a weather forecast, the user's email inbox, or a news ticker directly on the homescreen. Along the top of the screen is a status bar, showing information about the device and its connectivity. The status bar itself contains two elements, the Control Center and the Notification Center. iOS' Control Center can be "pulled" down from

4320-505: The background as long as it is playing audio or video content, voice over IP – application is suspended when a phone call is not in progress, Push notification, Local notifications – application schedules local notifications to be delivered at a predetermined time, Task completion – application asks the system for extra time to complete a given task, Fast app switching – application does not execute any code and may be removed from memory at any time, Newsstand – applications can download content in

4410-413: The camera view accordingly to perspectivally centralize them. The 12.9-inch version had a mini LED-based Liquid Retina XDR display, compared to the 11-inch model's lesser IPS LCD-based Liquid Retina display. The sixth generation of iPad Pro was announced on October 18, 2022, and released on October 26. It used an Apple M2 chip, with an 8-core CPU and 10-core GPU. The seventh generation of iPad Pro

4500-470: The cover of the book was changed from brown to a "more patriotic blue", allegedly to avoid comparison with a color associated with Nazi Germany . The eleventh edition, published in 1967, was actually white with a blue border. The cover color returned to blue in the twelfth edition of 1976. The full text of the first (1926) through the fifteenth (1991) editions is available on the official website. The Bluebook uses two different styles. Practitioners use

4590-611: The event of conflict. California used to require use of the California Style Manual . In 2008, the California Supreme Court issued a rule giving an option of using either the California Style Manual or The Bluebook . The two styles are significantly different in citing cases, in use of ibid. or id. (for idem ), and in citing books and journals. Michigan uses a separate official citation system issued as an administrative order of

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4680-525: The first edition of The Bluebook appeared, Yale, Columbia, and several other law journals "worked out a tentative citation plan", but Harvard initially opposed it "because of skepticism as to the results to be attained and in part because of a desire not to deviate from our forms especially at the solicitation of other Reviews". Eventually, Harvard "reversed course" and joined the coalition by 1926. According to Judge Henry J. Friendly , "Attorney General [Herbert] Brownell, whom I had known ever since law school—he

4770-422: The first eleven editions, estimated to total $ 20,000 per year. After they threatened to sue, and considerable wrangling, Harvard agreed with them to split the revenue: 40 percent for Harvard, 20 percent each for Columbia, Pennsylvania, and Yale; Harvard would continue to provide the production and distribution services. The law reviews have not disclosed the revenues of the Bluebook themselves, but revenues from

4860-443: The first in preparing court documents and memoranda, while the second is used primarily in academic settings, such as law reviews and journals. The latter uses specific formatting to identify types of references, such as the use of small caps for books, newspapers, and law reviews. A rule of thumb used by many is to see if the formatting can be reproduced on a typewriter —if so, practitioners use it, if it requires typesetting, it

4950-513: The first-generation Pencil with a USB-C-to-Lightning adapter, which will be included with new Pencil purchases. While lacking the Smart Connector of the Pro and Air lines, it is compatible with a new Magic Keyboard Folio announced alongside the device. This model did not immediately replace the 9th-generation iPad; Apple continued to sell the older model at the same price, while the price for

5040-647: The formers but with integrated trackpads which the Smart Keyboard Folio and Smart Keyboard lack. Since its introduction in 2010, the iPad runs on the iPhone 's iOS mobile operating system , but it was later replaced with an optimized derivation, iPadOS, in September 2019. It shares the former's development environment and many of its applications and features. The iPad is compatible with nearly every iPhone application through iOS, and developers can optimize these applications to take full advantage of

5130-560: The frame and tracks the camera view to keep them centered. Its Retina Display added support for the True Tone technology, which automatically adjusts the screen color temperature according to the ambient lighting. The 10th-generation iPad was announced on October 18, 2022, with pre-orders starting immediately and availability set for October 26. It uses the Apple A14 Bionic chip, has a larger 10.9-inch screen, and replaces

5220-665: The guide for documents filed with those courts. Some of the local rules are simple modifications to The Bluebook system. Delaware 's Supreme Court has promulgated rules of citation for unreported cases markedly different from its standards, and custom in that state as to the citation format of the Delaware Uniform Citation code also differs from it. In other states, the local rules differ from The Bluebook in that they use their own style guides. Attorneys in those states must be able to switch seamlessly between citation styles depending upon whether their work product

5310-560: The iPad include the Apple Pencil , Smart Case , Smart Keyboard , Smart Keyboard Folio , Magic Keyboard , and several adapters. Apple co-founder and CEO Steve Jobs said in a 1983 speech: "What we want to do is we want to put an incredibly great computer in a book that you can carry around with you and learn how to use in 20 minutes   ... and we really want to do it with a radio link in it so you don't have to hook up to anything and you're in communication with all of these larger databases and other computers". In 1993, Apple worked on

5400-452: The iPad's software. They used iOS SDK , a software development kit. The iOS user interface is based upon direct manipulation, using multi-touch gestures such as swipe, tap, pinch, and reverse pinch. Interface control elements include sliders, switches, and buttons. Internal accelerometers are used by some applications to respond to shaking the device (one common result is the undo command) or rotating it in three dimensions (one common result

5490-451: The iPhone, the cellular variant did not support voice calls and text messages, but only data connectivity; it also had an additional micro-SIM circuit slot attached on the side. The 3G-based iPad is compatible with any GSM carrier, unlike the iPhone which is usually sold 'locked' to specific carriers . For the first generation of iPad, cellular access from T-Mobile was limited to slower EDGE cellular speeds because T-Mobile's network at

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5580-476: The lowest priced variant has increased from 64GB of previous generation to 128GB. The new Wi-Fi 6E chip is faster, the USB-C port is faster compared to previous generations. Like the iPad Pro (7th generation) and the iPad Air (6th generation) , it is only compatible with the Apple Pencil Pro alongside the lower-entry Apple Pencil with USB-C port, making it incompatible with the Apple Pencil (2nd generation) . It

5670-438: The newer 10th-generation model was increased. The first generation of the flagship, smaller iPad Mini was announced on October 23, 2012, and released on November 2. The 7.9-inch display has a resolution of 1024 by 768 pixels. The tablet uses a dual-core Apple A5 chip, and has hardware resembling that of the second generation of iPad. It has a FaceTime HD camera, a 5-megapixel iSight camera, an ultrafast wireless LTE range, and

5760-541: The other supports LTE bands 1, 2, 3, 5, 7, 8, 18, 19, 20 and TD-LTE bands 38, 39 and 40. Apple offers many accessories for its iPad models, ranging from keyboards, styluses, cases, to adapters; a 10 W power adapter is bundled with the device. In addition to a camera connection kit which consists of two adapters for the iPad's dock connector, one of USB Type A and one of SD card reader; these adapters can transfer photographs and videos and connect USB audio card and MIDI keyboard . Apple's list of accessories included

5850-574: The over 1,000 pages of the Chicago Manual of Style . Another dispute is over the copyright status of The Bluebook . Open-source advocates claim that The Bluebook is not protected under copyright because it is a critical piece of legal infrastructure. Lawyers who represent the Bluebook publishing consortium claim that the "carefully curated examples, explanations and other textual materials" are protected by copyright. A group led by Professor Christopher J. Sprigman at NYU Law School prepared

5940-544: The publication and promotion of such a work may infringe the Reviews' copyright rights in The Bluebook and The Bluebook Online, and may cause substantial, irreparable harm to the Reviews and their rights and interests in those works. ... [I]t is our client's position that the title BabyBlue , or any title consisting of or comprising the word "Blue", when used on or in connection with your work, would so resemble

6030-530: The right of the last page, the App Library lists and categorizes apps installed on the device. Apps within each category are arranged based on the frequency of their usage. In addition to a category for suggested apps, a "recent" category lists apps recently installed alongside App Clips recently accessed. Users can search for the app they want or browse them in alphabetical order. iOS' multitasking API included Background audio – application continues to run in

6120-406: The rising 2L class on the basis of writing competition entries, bluebooking , grades, resumes, and personal statements. Soon after selection to the Annual Survey , rising 2L Staff Editors are invited to participate in a special competition for the journal's Note Writing program. The writing program allows 2L Staff Editors to focus exclusively on the development of a student note for publication in

6210-441: The sale of the Bluebook have been estimated "in the millions of dollars". A 2022 review of the Harvard Law Review's non-profit disclosures found that the Bluebook had made $ 1.2 million in profits in 2020, with The Harvard Law Review taking an 8.5% cut of profits for administrative services and the remainder split equally among the four law reviews. Profits from the Bluebook totaled $ 16 million between 2011 and 2020. Excluding

6300-435: The sample citations, all of the proofreading signs, and virtually all of the items in the long list of abbreviations. They both begin with the same sentence: “This pamphlet does not pretend to include a complete list of abbreviations or all the necessary data as to form.” The subtitle of the Bluebook is “Abbreviations and Form of Citation.” The Jones v. Smith Connecticut citation that is the basic case citation example used by

6390-591: The style and formatting of various references and elements of a legal publication, including: While the legal citation manuals go as far back as 15th century ( Modus Legendi Abbreviaturas in Utroque Iure , c.  1475 ), there were very few examples prior to the 20th century; law professor Byron D. Cooper mentions only few short articles "Rules for Citation" ( The American Law Review , 1896) and "Methods of Citing Statute Law" (Ruppenthal, Law Library Journal , 1919). The Uniform System of Citations thus became

6480-558: The subject." In a 2011 Yale Law Journal article, he wrote: The Bluebook: A Uniform System of Citation exemplifies hypertrophy in the anthropological sense. It is a monstrous growth, remote from the functional need for legal citation forms, that serves obscure needs of the legal culture and its student subculture. He wrote that a cursory look at the Nineteenth Edition "put [him] in mind of Mr. Kurtz 's dying words in Heart of Darkness —'The horror! The horror!'" Posner personally uses

6570-487: The symposium. A dedication is held each year to honor an important figure in the legal community at which scholars and peers honor that figure. This event leads to a dedication issue focused on the life and work of that author. The journal also fosters student scholarship through a note-writing program, and frequently publishes the work of NYU students. Each year the Annual Survey selects 50 new Staff Editors from

6660-517: The time used different frequencies. The second generation of iPad introduced a third tier of CDMA support from Verizon , which is available separately from the AT&;T -based version. The fifth generation of iPad used a nano-SIM circuit slot, while its predecessors used micro-SIM. The iPads used two frequency bands; both support the same quad-band GSM and quad-band UMTS frequencies. One supports LTE bands 4 and 17 (principally intended for use on

6750-473: The top right of the notch, giving access to various toggles to manage the device more quickly without having to open the Settings. It is possible to manage brightness, volume, wireless connections, music player, etc. A homescreen may be made up of several pages, between which the user can swipe back and forth, one of the ways to do this is to hold down on the "dots" shown on each page and swipe left or right. To

6840-488: The ultra-wide camera lens), and a landscape oriented front-facing camera, previously used in the iPad (10th generation) . It is only compatible with the Apple Pencil Pro , the lower-entry Apple Pencil with USB-C port and the new, thinner Magic Keyboard , making it incompatible with the Apple Pencil (2nd generation) and the Magic Keyboard that was designed for the 3rd through 6th generations. The iPad comes in two variants: Wi-Fi only and Wi-Fi with cellular support. Unlike

6930-402: The upside-down orientation of the device. Consequently, the device has no "native" orientation; only the relative position of the home button changes. The fourth generation of iPad was announced on October 23, 2012, and released on November 2. It has an Apple A6 X chip, improved LTE and WiFi connectivity, a five-megapixel, rear-facing camera that is capable of recording 1080p videos, and

7020-502: Was Editor-in-Chief of the Yale Law Journal the year I was at the Harvard Law Review and he and I and two others [from Columbia and Pennsylvania] were the authors of the first edition of the Bluebook ." The cover of the 1926 A Uniform System of Citation was green. The color was "brown from the second (1928) edition through the fifth (1936) edition. It was only with the sixth (1939) edition that it became blue." In 1939,

7110-426: Was announced and released on March 18, 2019. It uses an Apple A12 Bionic chip, with a 3-times faster CPU and a 9-times faster GPU than its predecessor. It features a Truetone-based Retina screen display with 25% wider Color and higher pixel density. The sixth generation of iPad Mini was announced and released on September 24, 2021. The display size was increased to 8.3 inches. It uses an Apple A15 Bionic chip, with

7200-460: Was announced on January 27, 2010, and pre-ordering began on March 12. Initial reaction to the product name, which struck some women as a menstrual pun "indicative of a male-helmed team oblivious" to the connotations, was negative. A Wi-Fi-capable version was released in the United States on April 3 and a 3G -capable version was released on April 30. Apple released iPad models internationally on May 28, July 23, and September 17. The first iPad has

7290-431: Was announced on March 18, 2019, and released on March 25. It used an Apple A12 Bionic with an embedded Neural Engine, 6-core CPU and 4-core GPU. Its 866 Mbit/s WiFi connectivity are LTE-based, and it is equipped with a 1080p HD video camera. The fourth generation of iPad Air was announced on September 15, 2020, and released on October 23. It used an Apple A14 Bionic chip, which comprised 11.9 billion transistors,

7380-416: Was announced on March 7, 2012, and released on March 16. It uses a dual-core Apple A5X chip embedded with quad-core graphics. Its Retina Display is 2,048 by 1,536 pixels and its pixels are 50% denser than those of standard displays. Unlike the iPhone and iPod Touch 's built-in applications, which work in portrait, landscape-left and landscape-right orientations , the iPad's built-in applications support

7470-412: Was announced on May 7, 2024, an release on May 15, 2024. It uses an Apple M4 , making it the first Apple device to use this chip. It is the first iPad Pro to use OLED display, called Ultra XDR Retina Display . The chassis design is about 5.3mm thin on the 11-inch model and 5.1mm thin on the 13-inch model, thinner than previous models. It features a Tandem OLED display, an updated Pro Cameras (which lacks

7560-508: Was announced on September 10, 2019, and released on September 25. It uses a 64-bit Apple A10 Fusion chip, with a 4-core CPU and 6-core GPU. Its slightly larger 10.2" Retina Display has a resolution of 2,160 × 1,620 (3.5 million pixels). It added support for the Smart Keyboard accessory. The eighth generation of iPad was announced on September 15, 2020, and released on September 18. It uses an Apple A12 Bionic chip, which has

7650-538: Was announced that the project had changed its name to the Indigo Book . For the first 50 years of the Bluebook 's history, the Harvard Law Review kept 100 percent of the revenues. In 1974, the editors of the Columbia and University of Pennsylvania Law Reviews and the Yale Law Journal apparently discovered this, due to an indiscretion. They complained that Harvard was illegally keeping all profits from

7740-511: Was developed and released before the iPad. In 1991, Apple's chief design officer Jonathan Ive devised an industrial design of a stylus-based tablet, the Macintosh Folio, which led to the development of a larger tablet prototype project codenamed K48 that Apple began in 2004. Ive sought to develop the tablet first but came to an agreement with Jobs the iPhone was more important and should be prioritized. The first generation of iPad

7830-454: Was first used for the 6th edition (1939). Opinions have differed regarding its origins at Yale and Harvard Law Schools, with the latter long claiming credit. The Supreme Court uses its own unique citation style in its opinions, even though most of the justices and their law clerks obtained their legal education at law schools that use The Bluebook . Furthermore, many state courts have their own citation rules that take precedence over

7920-475: Was initially used for the iPad, but in September 2019, its OS was switched to a fork of iOS called iPadOS that has better support for the device's hardware and a user interface tailored to the tablets' larger screens. Since then, major versions of iPadOS have been released annually. The iPad's App Store is subject to application and content approval . Many older devices are susceptible to jailbreaking , which circumvents these restrictions. The original iPad

8010-447: Was introduced on January 27, 2010. Since then, the iPad product line has been expanded to include the smaller iPad Mini , the lighter and thinner iPad Air , and the flagship iPad Pro models. As of 2022, over 670 million iPads have been sold, making Apple the largest vendor of tablet computers . Due to its popularity, the term "iPad" is sometimes used as a generic name for tablet computers. The iPhone 's iOS operating system (OS)

8100-433: Was well-received for its software and was recognized as one of the most-influential inventions of 2010. As of the third quarter of 2021, the iPad had a market share of 34.6% among tablets. Beside personal use, the iPad is used in the business, education, healthcare, and technology sectors. There are two connectivity variants of iPad; one has only Wi-Fi , and one has additional support for cellular networks . Accessories for

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