61-653: Abel Ferrara ( [ferˈraːra] ; born July 19, 1951) is an American filmmaker, actor, musician, and songwriter. He is best known for the provocative and often controversial content in his movies and his use and redefinition of neo-noir imagery. A long-time independent filmmaker, some of his best known movies include the New York -set, gritty crime thrillers The Driller Killer (1979), Ms .45 (1981), King of New York (1990), Bad Lieutenant (1992), and The Funeral (1996), chronicling violent crime in urban settings with spiritual overtones. Ferrara also worked in
122-630: A comedy with Modine, Bob Hoskins and Willem Dafoe that premiered at the Cannes Film Festival but was not shown in the United States until a special screening at the Anthology Film Archives in 2011. In 2009, Jekyll and Hyde was set to star Forest Whitaker and 50 Cent . After disagreements with Warner Bros., the movie was shelved in 2010. In 2009, Napoli, Napoli, Napoli premiered out of competition at
183-597: A difficult situation and making choices out of desperation or nihilistic moral systems . Visual elements included low-key lighting , striking use of light and shadow , and unusual camera placement. Sound effects helped create the noir mood of paranoia and nostalgia. Few major films in the classic film noir genre have been made since the early 1960s. These films usually incorporated both thematic and visual elements reminiscent of film noir . Both classic and neo-noir films are often produced as independent features . After 1970, film critics took note of "neo-noir" films as
244-455: A hacker who gets released from prison to pursue a cyberterrorist across the globe, was released in January 2015 by Universal. It received mixed reviews and was a commercial disaster, although several critics included it in their year-end "best-of" lists. Mann directed the first episode of the 2022 crime series Tokyo Vice for HBO Max , his first directing work since Blackhat . In August
305-441: A monopoly on the paintings, and they’re powerful images, the whole nine yards of it. But Jesus was a living man, and so were Buddha and Muhammad. These three guys changed the fucking world, with their passion and love of other human beings. All these guys had was their word, and they came from fucking nowhere. I’m not saying Nazareth is nowhere – I’m sure Jesus came from a very cool neighbourhood. Ferrara said in 2020 that Buddhism "is
366-463: A new feature starring Dafoe and set in Rome. The film had its world premiere at the 72nd Cannes Film Festival on 20 May 2019. It was released in the United States by Kino Lorber . The following year, with Siberia (2020), Ferrara and Dafoe collaborated for the sixth time. Inspired by Carl Jung 's The Red Book , the script was written by Ferrara and Chris Zois . The film had its world premiere at
427-480: A philosophy student who succumbs to a vampire as she studies the problem of evil and philosophical pedagogy , represented by the most violent events of the 20th century. The movie also features Christopher Walken , Annabella Sciorra , Edie Falco , Kathryn Erbe and Michael Imperioli . It was co-produced by Russell Simmons . The Funeral (1996), starring Walken, Sciorra, Chris Penn , Isabella Rossellini , Benicio del Toro , Vincent Gallo and Gretchen Mol ,
488-512: A practice for me, not a religion". In 2022, he stated he considered Padre Pio his "spirituality model". Ferrara has said in 2024 that he embraces AI . Influences on Ferrara's work include "the Stones and Dylan … DaVinci , Stanley Kubrick , Woody Allen and all of the great New York film makers". He has also credited Pier Paolo Pasolini and Rainer Werner Fassbinder as influences. Acting roles TV movies Ferrara has recast many of
549-638: A religious-themed multi-plot movie starring Juliette Binoche , Matthew Modine , Forest Whitaker , Heather Graham , Marion Cotillard , and Stefania Rocca . Mary premiered at the Venice Film Festival in 2005. It swept the awards ceremony, garnering the Grand Jury Prize, SIGNIS Award and two others. It was shown at the Toronto International Film Festival . In 2007, Ferrara directed Go Go Tales
610-498: A remake of his TV movie L.A. Takedown , was a critical success with Kenneth Turan of the Los Angeles Times calling the film a "sleek, accomplished piece of work, meticulously controlled and completely involving. The dark end of the street doesn't get much more inviting than this." Todd McCarthy of Variety wrote, "Stunningly made and incisively acted by a large and terrific cast, Michael Mann's ambitious study of
671-533: A second season after the airing of the pilot, it was eventually cancelled due to the death of three horses during production. In February 2013, it was announced that Mann had been developing an untitled thriller film with screenwriter Morgan Davis Foehl for over a year, for Legendary Pictures . In May 2013, Mann started filming the action thriller, named Blackhat , in Los Angeles, Kuala Lumpur, Hong Kong and Jakarta . The film, starring Chris Hemsworth as
SECTION 10
#1732794220194732-562: A seedy Times Square strip club , a disgraced boxer portrayed by Tom Berenger uses his fighting skills to defeat the killer. Ferrara worked on two Michael Mann -produced television series, directing the two-hour pilot for Crime Story (aired September 18, 1986), starring Dennis Farina , and two episodes of the series Miami Vice . King of New York (1990) stars Christopher Walken as gangster Frank White, Laurence Fishburne , Wesley Snipes , David Caruso and Giancarlo Esposito . The movie received overall mixed reviews, but Ferrara
793-606: A separate genre. Noir and post-noir terminology (such as " hard-boiled ", "neo-classic" and the like) are often rejected by both critics and practitioners. Robert Arnett stated, "Neo-noir has become so amorphous as a genre/movement, any film featuring a detective or crime qualifies." Screenwriter and director Larry Gross identifies Jean-Luc Godard 's Alphaville , alongside John Boorman 's Point Blank (1967) and Robert Altman 's The Long Goodbye (1973), based on Raymond Chandler 's 1953 novel, as neo-noir films. Gross believes that they deviate from classic noir in having more of
854-475: A shadowy cinematographic style. Neo-noir has a similar style but with updated themes, content, style, and visual elements. The neologism neo-noir, using the Greek prefix for the word new , is defined by Mark Conard as "any film coming after the classic noir period that contains noir themes and noir sensibility". Another definition describes it as later noir that often synthesizes diverse genres while foregrounding
915-425: A shot and a crash course on television writing and story structure. Mann wrote four episodes of Starsky and Hutch (three in the first season and one in the second) and the pilot episode for Vega$ . Around this time, he worked on a show called Police Story with cop-turned-novelist Joseph Wambaugh . Police Story concentrated on the detailed realism of a real cop's life and taught Mann that first-hand research
976-466: A sociological than a psychological focus. Neo noir features characters who commit violent crimes, but without the motivations and narrative patterns found in film noir . Neo noir assumed global character and impact when filmmakers began drawing elements from films in the global market. For instance, Quentin Tarantino 's works have been influenced by Ringo Lam 's 1987 classic City on Fire . This
1037-714: A wide array of genres, including the sci-fi remake Body Snatchers (1993), cyberpunk thriller New Rose Hotel (1998), the religious drama Mary (2005), the black comedy Go Go Tales (2007), and the biopic Pasolini (2014), as well as in several documentary filmmaking projects. Ferrara was born in the Bronx of Italian and Irish descent. He was raised Catholic , which subsequently influenced much of his work. At 8 years old, he moved to Peekskill in Westchester County, New York and he started making movies at Rockland Community College . Later, he attended
1098-576: Is Jewish and the son of Esther and Jack Mann. His grandfather left the Russian Empire in 1912, and brought his wife and Mann's father over in 1922. Mann graduated from Amundsen High School , also the alma mater of Bob Fosse . He then studied English literature at the University of Wisconsin–Madison . While a student, he saw Stanley Kubrick 's Dr. Strangelove and fell in love with movies. In an LA Weekly interview, he described
1159-593: Is a film genre that adapts the visual style and themes of 1940s and 1950s American film noir for contemporary audiences, often with more graphic depictions of violence and sexuality. During the late 1970s and the early 1980s, the term "neo-noir" surged in popularity, fueled by movies such as Sydney Pollack 's Absence of Malice , Brian De Palma 's Blow Out , and Martin Scorsese 's After Hours . The French term film noir translates literally to English as "black film", indicating sinister stories often presented in
1220-626: Is also a film director and producer. For his work, he has received nominations from international organizations and juries, including the British Academy of Film and Television Arts , Cannes , and the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences . As a producer, Mann has twice received nominations for the Academy Award for Best Picture , first for The Insider and then The Aviator (2004), which Mann had been hired to direct before
1281-409: Is considered to be one of the defining authors of hard-boiled fiction. Both novels were adapted as crime films, the former more than once. Cain is quoted as saying, "I belong to no school, hard-boiled or otherwise, and I believe these so-called schools exist mainly in the imagination of critics, and have little correspondence in reality anywhere else." Neo-noir film directors refer to 'classic noir' in
SECTION 20
#17327942201941342-520: Is set during the French and Indian War . Film critic Owen Gleiberman of Entertainment Weekly described Mann's directorial style, writing that "Mann, at his best, is a master of violence and lyrical anxiety". Peter Travers of Rolling Stone praised Mann's directing, writing that "the action is richly detailed and thrillingly staged." This was followed by crime drama Heat (1995) starring Al Pacino , Robert De Niro , and Val Kilmer . The film,
1403-489: The 66th Venice International Film Festival . The docudrama received little attention and poor reviews but Werner Herzog 's reboot Bad Lieutenant: Port of Call New Orleans was selected for competition at the prestigious festival. Asked about the Herzog film, Ferrara was quoted widely saying "I wish these people die in hell". In September 2011, 4:44 Last Day on Earth , starring Willem Dafoe and Shanyn Leigh, premiered at
1464-470: The 74th Locarno Film Festival , during the festival Ferrara won the Best Direction Award . The film was released in limited theaters and on demand by Lionsgate on November 19, 2021. In 2022, Ferrara's Padre Pio , starring Shia LaBeouf and Asia Argento , premiered at the " Giornate degli Autori " section of the 79th Venice Film Festival on September 2, 2022. The film was released in
1525-488: The 77th Venice Film Festival on 4 September 2020. Since 2020 he has interpreted Gabriele Tinti 's poetry giving voice to the masterpieces in the Galleria Nazionale d'Arte Antica , Pinacoteca di Brera , Museo Nazionale di San Marco , Ca' d'Oro , Musée Jacquemart-André and Museo Nazionale Romano In August 2021, Zeros and Ones , starring Ethan Hawke , had its world premiere at the main competition of
1586-510: The 9/11 attacks because it was easier for him to find financing for his movies in Europe. Raised Catholic, Ferrara started describing himself as Buddhist in 2007. When asked if he had converted, Ferrara responded, It’s not a conversion, you’re not a card-carrying Catholic, you’re brought up Italian, so you’re brought up with those images. All the great art is financed by the Church so they have
1647-661: The Depression -era crime wave, based on Bryan Burrough 's nonfiction book, Public Enemies: America's Greatest Crime Wave and the Birth of the FBI, 1933–34 . It starred Johnny Depp and Christian Bale . Depp played John Dillinger in the film, and Bale played Melvin Purvis , the FBI agent in charge of capturing Dillinger. Mann signed a petition in support of film director Roman Polanski in 2009, calling for his release after Polanski
1708-549: The Manhunter DVD, star William Petersen comments that because Mann is so focused on his creations, it takes several years for him to complete a film; Petersen believes that this is why Mann does not make films very often. Mann gained widespread recognition in 1992 for his film adaptation of James Fenimore Cooper's novel into the epic historical drama The Last of the Mohicans starring Daniel Day-Lewis . The film
1769-602: The Paris student revolt for a documentary, Insurrection , aired on NBC 's First Tuesday news program and he developed his '68 experiences into the short film Jaunpuri which won the Jury Prize at Cannes in 1970 . Mann returned to the United States after divorcing his first wife in 1971. He went on to direct a road trip documentary, 17 Days Down the Line . Three years later, Hawaii Five-O veteran Robert Lewin gave Mann
1830-486: The United States by Gravitas Ventures on June 2, 2023. During the film's production, LeBeouf notably converted to Catholicism . Ferrara is married to Cristina Chiriac and they have a daughter, Anna. He was previously married to Nancy Ferrara. Ferrara has two adopted children: Endira and Lucy. He was also in a romantic relationship with actress Shanyn Leigh. Ferrara lives in Rome, Italy. He moved there following
1891-604: The United States, while under-performing in overseas box office. Mann's trademarks include powerfully-lit nighttime scenes and unusual scores, such as Tangerine Dream in Thief and the new-age score to Manhunter . Dante Spinotti is a frequent cinematographer of Mann's films. F. X. Feeney describes Mann's body of work in DGA Quarterly as "abundantly energetic in its precision and variety" and "psychologically layered". IndieWire ' s 2014 retrospective of
Abel Ferrara - Misplaced Pages Continue
1952-613: The director himself) who goes on a killing spree with a power drill . In the United Kingdom, the movie made it on a list of "video nasties" created by moral crusaders that led to prosecutions under the Obscene Publications Act 1959 and to the passing of new legislation which forced all video releases to appear before the British Board of Film Classification for rating. The director's next feature
2013-427: The director's filmography focused on the intensity of Mann's ongoing interest in "stories pitting criminals against those who seek to put them behind bars ( Heat , Public Enemies , Thief , Collateral , Miami Vice ). His films frequently suggest that in fact, at the top of their respective games, crooks and cops are not so dissimilar as men: they each live and die by their own codes and they each recognize themselves in
2074-599: The fact that Strangelove was a revelation. Mann graduated from the University of Wisconsin with a BA in 1965. In 1967 he earned an MA from the London Film School . Mann later moved to London in the mid-1960s to go to graduate school in cinema. He went on to receive a graduate degree at the London Film School in 1967. He spent seven years in the United Kingdom going to film school and then working on commercials along with contemporaries Alan Parker , Ridley Scott and Adrian Lyne . In 1968, footage he shot of
2135-594: The film conservatory at SUNY Purchase , where he directed several short films . Ferrara studied at the San Francisco Art Institute ; one of his teachers and influences there was the famous avant-garde director Rosa von Praunheim . In the early 1970s, while still in art school, Ferrara directed a number of independently produced short films which included The Hold Up and Could This Be Love . Finding himself out of work after leaving film school in 1976, Ferrara directed his first feature film which
2196-468: The film's impact on him: It said to my whole generation of filmmakers that you could make an individual statement of high integrity and have that film be successfully seen by a mass audience all at the same time. In other words, you didn't have to be making Seven Brides for Seven Brothers if you wanted to work in the mainstream film industry, or be reduced to niche filmmaking if you wanted to be serious about cinema. So that's what Kubrick meant, aside from
2257-480: The films Thief (1981), Manhunter (1986), The Last of the Mohicans (1992), Heat (1995), The Insider (1999), Ali (2001), Collateral (2004), Public Enemies (2009), and Ferrari (2023). He is also known for his role as executive producer on the popular TV series Miami Vice (1984–90), which he adapted into a 2006 feature film . Mann was born February 5, 1943, in Chicago, Illinois. He
2318-456: The form of a film trailer for a purported thriller featuring Benicio del Toro . In the fall of 2007, Mann directed two commercials for Nike . The ad campaign "Leave Nothing" features football action scenes with former NFL players Shawne Merriman and Steven Jackson , as well as using the score "Promontory" from the soundtrack of The Last of the Mohicans . Mann directed the 2008 promotional video for Ferrari 's California sports car. Mann
2379-516: The main competition of the 68th Venice International Film Festival . Ferrara's Welcome to New York , a fictionalized version of the Dominique Strauss-Kahn sexual assault case starring Gérard Depardieu and Jacqueline Bisset , was released on video on demand in 2014. Ferrara's Pasolini (2014) about the titular Italian director stars Willem Dafoe . After a 4-year long hiatus, Ferrara came back in 2019 with Tommaso ,
2440-664: The main competition of the 70th Berlin International Film Festival , on 24 February 2020. It was released in the United States by Lionsgate in 2021. Shortly after Ferrara directed the documentary Sportin' Life , about the beginning of quarantine measures in Europe a few days after the Berlinale premiere of Siberia , during the start of the COVID-19 pandemic . The documentary had its world premiere at
2501-730: The most critical recognition of his career up to this point. The Insider was nominated for seven Academy Awards as a result, including a nomination for Mann's direction. Critic Roger Ebert of the Chicago Sun-Times praised the film writing, " The Insider had a greater impact on me than All the President's Men , because you know what? Watergate didn't kill my parents. Cigarettes did." With his next film, Ali (2001), starring Will Smith , Mann started experimenting with digital cameras. For his action thriller film Collateral , which cast Tom Cruise against type by giving him
Abel Ferrara - Misplaced Pages Continue
2562-571: The movie was lauded by critics. Director Martin Scorsese named it one of his top 10 films of the 1990s. In 1993, Ferrara was hired for two Hollywood studio movies: another remake of Invasion of the Body Snatchers , titled Body Snatchers (1993), for Warner Bros. ; and Dangerous Game (1993), starring Keitel and Madonna , for MGM . In the mid-1990s Ferrara directed two well-received independent movies: The Addiction (1995), photographed in black-and-white, stars Lili Taylor as
2623-456: The other." Mann's films have been noted for their realism when it comes to capturing the sounds of gunfire, with him preferring to use raw audio captured from the scene, rather than a sound mix. Many of his films feature practical effects to produce the action scenes, with actors attending boot camps for weapons handling and firing 'full load' blanks in scenes to accurately represent the sound of live ammunition. Mann's daughter Ami Canaan Mann
2684-506: The relativity of good and evil stands apart from other films of its type by virtue of its extraordinarily rich characterizations and its thoughtful, deeply melancholy take on modern life." In 1999, Mann filmed The Insider about the 60 Minutes segment about Jeffrey Wigand , a whistleblower in the tobacco industry . Russell Crowe portrayed Wigand, with Al Pacino playing Lowell Bergman , and Christopher Plummer as Mike Wallace . The film showcased Mann's cinematic style and garnered
2745-496: The role of a hitman, Mann shot all of the exterior scenes digitally so that he could achieve more depth and detail during the night scenes while shooting most of the interiors on film stock. Jamie Foxx was nominated for an Academy Award for his performance in Collateral . In 2004, Mann produced Martin Scorsese 's The Aviator , based on the life of Howard Hughes , which he had developed with Leonardo DiCaprio . The Aviator
2806-833: The same actors in his movies, most notably Christopher Walken , Harvey Keitel and Willem Dafoe . Other actors he has recast include Annabella Sciorra and Matthew Modine as well as character actors such as Victor Argo , Paul Calderón and Giancarlo Esposito . David Caruso is another one of Ferrara's frequent film collaborators. Ms .45 (1981) star Zoë Lund collaborated with Ferrara again on Bad Lieutenant (1992), which she co-wrote. Gretchen Mol has worked with Ferrara twice. Forest Whitaker starred in Ferrara's movies Mary (2005) and Body Snatchers (1993). Beginning with The Driller Killer in 1979 through The Projectionist in 2019, Ferrara most frequently worked with Ken Kelsch as his cinematographer. Neo-noir Neo-noir
2867-669: The same year, Mann released Heat 2 , a novel he had co-written with Meg Gardiner . The book takes place from 1988 to 2000, covering events that happen before and after the 1995 film. The same month, Mann began shooting Ferrari starring Adam Driver and Penélope Cruz in Modena . The film premiered at the 80th Venice International Film Festival and was released in the US in December 2023. Ferrari received generally positive reviews from critics and attained moderate box office success in
2928-598: The scaffolding of film noir . " Film noir " was coined by critic Nino Frank in 1946 and popularized by French critics Raymond Borde and Etienne Chaumeton in 1955. The term revived in general use beginning in the 1980s, with a revival of the style. The classic film noir era is usually dated from the early 1940s to the late 1950s. The films were often adaptations of American crime novels, which were also described as " hardboiled ". Some authors resisted these terms. For example, James M. Cain , author of The Postman Always Rings Twice (1934) and Double Indemnity (1944),
2989-592: The segment producer had to "run down the street" to catch him and bring him back to the set. Dafoe said to O'Brien, "You did your best … and so did he!" After making The Blackout (1997) with Matthew Modine and Dennis Hopper , he contributed to the omnibus television movie Subway Stories . Ferrara then made New Rose Hotel (1998), which reunited him with Christopher Walken. Ferrara returned three years later with 'R Xmas (2001), which starred Drea de Matteo and Ice-T . He recorded commentaries for Driller Killer and King of New York and made Mary (2005),
3050-431: The use of Dutch angles , interplay of light and shadows, unbalanced framing ; blurring of the lines between good and bad and right and wrong , and thematic motifs including revenge , paranoia , and alienation . Typically American crime dramas or psychological thrillers , films noir had common themes and plot devices, and many distinctive visual elements. Characters were often conflicted antiheroes , trapped in
3111-406: Was Ms .45 (1981), a " rape revenge" movie about a mute garment worker turned murderer ( Zoë Tamerlis ). Reviewers called it "a provocative, disreputable movie, well worth seeing". In 1984, Ferrara was hired to direct Fear City , starring Melanie Griffith , Billy Dee Williams , Rae Dawn Chong and María Conchita Alonso . When a " kung fu slasher" stalks and murders young women who work in
SECTION 50
#17327942201943172-455: Was The Keep (1983), a supernatural thriller set in Nazi -occupied Romania . Though it was a commercial flop, the film has since attained cult status amongst fans. In 1986, Mann was the first to bring Thomas Harris ' character of serial killer Hannibal Lecter to the screen with Manhunter , his adaptation of the novel Red Dragon , which starred Brian Cox as Hannibal. In an interview on
3233-484: Was a pornographic film titled, 9 Lives of a Wet Pussy , using a pseudonym. Starring with his then-girlfriend, he recalled having to step in front of the camera for one scene to perform in a hardcore sex scene: "It's bad enough paying a guy $ 200 to fuck your girlfriend, then he can't get it up." Ferrara first drew a cult following with his second feature film, an exploitation movie titled The Driller Killer (1979), an urban slasher film about an artist (played by
3294-529: Was arrested in Switzerland in relation to his 1977 charge for drugging and raping a 13-year-old girl. In January 2010, it was reported by Variety that Mann, alongside David Milch , would serve as co-executive producer of new TV series Luck starring Dustin Hoffman and Dennis Farina . The series was an hour-long HBO production, and Mann directed the series' pilot. Although initially renewed for
3355-605: Was essential to bring authenticity to his work. Mann also wrote an early draft of the 1978 film Straight Time . His first feature movie was a television special called The Jericho Mile , which was released theatrically in Europe. It won the Emmy for Outstanding Writing in a Limited Series or a Special in 1979 and the DGA Best Director award. His television work also includes being the executive producer on Miami Vice and Crime Story . Contrary to popular belief, he
3416-470: Was nominated for an Academy Award for Best Picture but lost to Million Dollar Baby . After Collateral , Mann directed the film adaptation of Miami Vice which he also executive produced. The film starred Colin Farrell as Don Johnson 's character Sonny Crockett, and Jamie Foxx filling Philip Michael Thomas ' shoes. Mann directed the 2002 " Lucky Star " advertisement for Mercedes-Benz , which took
3477-527: Was nominated for five Independent Spirit Awards including Best Director . Following the success of The Funeral , Ferrara had an infamous interview with Conan O'Brien on October 23, 1996. Ferrara was believed to be intoxicated and struggled through the interview, often slurring and covering his face as well as waving around a cigarette. O'Brien would later state that Ferrara was his "worst guest ever". Eventually, O'Brien revealed to Ferrara's frequent collaborator Willem Dafoe that Ferrara "ran away" and that
3538-485: Was not the creator of these shows, but the executive producer and showrunner , produced by his production company. Mann's debut feature in cinema as director was Thief (1981) starring James Caan , a relatively accurate depiction of thieves that operated in New York City and Chicago at that time. Mann used actual former professional burglars to keep the technical scenes as genuine as possible. His next film
3599-589: Was particularly the case for the noir-inflected Reservoir Dogs , which was instrumental in establishing Tarantino in October 1992. Michael Mann (director) Michael Kenneth Mann (born February 5, 1943) is an American film director, screenwriter, author, and producer, best known for his stylized crime dramas . He has received numerous accolades including a BAFTA Award and two Primetime Emmy Awards as well as nominations for four Academy Awards and two Golden Globe Awards . His most acclaimed works include
3660-555: Was praised for his strong command of mood and style. Critic Roger Ebert wrote, "What Ferrara needs for his next film is a sound screenplay." Bad Lieutenant (1992) credits Ferrara and actress Zoë Tamerlis , who plays the woman who helps the Lieutenant freebase heroin in the movie, as co-writers of the script, but Tamerlis claimed that she wrote it alone. Bad Lieutenant received Spirit Awards nominations for Best Director and Best Actor, and despite its controversial content,
3721-484: Was producer with Peter Berg as director for The Kingdom and Hancock . Hancock stars Will Smith as a hard-drinking superhero who has fallen out of favor with the public and who begins to have a relationship with the wife ( Charlize Theron ) of a public relations expert ( Jason Bateman ), who is helping him to repair his image. Mann makes a cameo appearance in the film as an executive. In 2009, Mann wrote and directed Public Enemies for Universal Pictures , about
SECTION 60
#1732794220194#193806