A national academy is an organizational body, usually operating with state financial support and approval, that co-ordinates scholarly research activities and standards for academic disciplines , and serve as public policy advisors, research institutes , think tanks , and public administration consultants for governments or on issues of public importance, most frequently in the sciences but also in the humanities . Typically the country's learned societies in individual disciplines will liaise with or be coordinated by the national academy. National academies play an important organisational role in academic exchanges and collaborations between countries.
28-556: The British Academy for the Promotion of Historical, Philosophical and Philological Studies is the United Kingdom's national academy for the humanities and the social sciences . It was established in 1902 and received its royal charter in the same year. It is now a fellowship of more than 1,000 leading scholars spanning all disciplines across the humanities and social sciences and a funding body for research projects across
56-502: A forum for examining issues that are important for the society and the economy. The British Academy organises a wide-ranging annual programme of more than 50 public lectures, panel discussions, conferences and seminars showcasing new research and debating topical issues. This includes a number of long-established lecture series, such as the Shakespeare Lecture, first given in 1911. Most events are free and most take place at
84-740: A large house opposite the University of Jordan and established it as the new British Institute at Amman for Archaeology and History (BIAAH) in 1975. Bennett served as both the Director of the BSAJ and the BIAAH until 1978, when she retired from the BSAJ and relocated to Amman full-time. In the same year, the British Academy agreed to register the BIAAH as an official overseas institute. The BIAAH remained an independent institute until 1998, when
112-649: A mandated quota as well as 2,000 Associate Members nationwide. Within most countries, the unqualified phrase "National Academy" will normally refer to that country's academy. For example, within the United States, the plural phrase "National Academies" is widely understood to refer to the U.S. National Academies. British Institute in Amman The British Institute in Amman (BIA, Arabic : المعهد البريطاني في عمّان ), formerly known as
140-524: A network of overseas institutes which provide local expertise, logistical support and often a working base for UK scholars. These include research institutes in Amman , Ankara , Athens , Jerusalem , Nairobi , Rome and Tehran, as well as UK-based specialist learned societies which run strategic research programmes in other parts of the world including Africa, Latin America and South and South East Asia. As
168-711: A review by the British Academy recommended that the BIAAH and BSAJ be combined to form the Council for British Research in the Levant. In 2009 it was renamed the British Institute in Amman, to reflect the wider range of disciplines supported by the institute since the merger. The BIA is currently located in the Tla' Al Ali district of Amman, close to the University of Jordan and the original BIAAH building. It houses
196-589: A special organisation under the Prime Minister's jurisdiction, operating independently from the Government of Japan to promoting and enhancing scientific research in the country. The SCJ represents all Japanese scientists, researchers and engineers from multiple fields from the natural sciences to the humanities, making necessary policy recommendations relating to science and technology to the national government. The SCJ has 210 Council Members stipulated by
224-433: Is expected to continue under the new Department for Business and Trade . The academy states that it has five fundamental purposes: The creation of a "British Academy for the Promotion of Historical, Philosophical and Philological Studies" was first proposed in 1899 in order that Britain could be represented at meetings of European and American academies. The organisation, which has since become simply "the British Academy",
252-448: Is used for academy conferences and events and parts of the building are available on a private hire basis for events. The history, problems and achievements of the academy have been recorded in works by two of its secretaries. Sir Frederic Kenyon's volume of 37 pages covers the years up to 1951; Sir Mortimer Wheeler's volume covers the years 1949 to 1968. Election as a Fellow of the British Academy recognises high scholarly distinction in
280-843: The British Institute at Amman for Archaeology and History (BIAAH), is a research institute in Amman, Jordan . It is part of the Council for British Research in the Levant . The BIA's patron is Prince Hassan bin Talal and its current director is Carol Palmer . After the Six-Day War in 1967, it became increasingly difficult for archaeologists to use the British School of Archaeology in Jerusalem (BSAJ) as base for conducting fieldwork in neighbouring countries. In response,
308-953: The United Kingdom four national academies are the major learned societies of England: the Academy of Medical Sciences , British Academy , the Royal Academy of Engineering and the Royal Society . In addition, there are the Learned Society of Wales in Wales and the Royal Society of Edinburgh in Scotland . The UK Young Academy is for young scientists. Anne, Princess Royal and Prince Edward, Duke of Kent as Royal Fellows Sir James McDonald as President Charles, Prince of Wales as Patron In Japan, all of
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#1732764900930336-672: The United States National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine (NASEM). The affiliated organizations were granted congressional charters to operate under the National Academy of Sciences. In 1916 President Woodrow Wilson reincorporated the organization under the National Research Council to foster scientific research emphasizing American industries. Today NASEM is composed of three non-profit member organizations:
364-569: The Academy's headquarters in Carlton House Terrace The British Academy awards a total of 15 prizes and medals, most of them awarded annually. National academy The extent of official recognition of national academies varies between countries. In some cases they are explicitly or de facto an arm of government; in others, as in the United Kingdom , they are voluntary, non-profit bodies with which
392-414: The Academy's policy work is dedicated to applying that insight to policy issues for public benefit and societal well-being. The goal is to enlighten the context, meaning and practicalities of policy challenges. This work is meant to bring independence, authority and objectivity to complex issues, such as public policy, skills, education and research. From reports to small meetings, the British Academy provides
420-599: The BSAJ established a store of field equipment in Jordan. In the early 1970s the Director of the BSAJ, Crystal Bennett , conducted excavations in southern Jordan using this store and her private flat in Amman. However, the need for a larger and more permanent base became apparent when Bennett was asked by the Jordanian Department of Antiquities to direct major excavations of the Amman Citadel . She rented
448-470: The Department for Business, Innovation and Skills, the academy also draws on private funds arising from gifts, legacies, contributions made by fellows and grants from research foundations to support a further range of research activities. In 2014/15, the academy received around £30m to support research and researchers across the humanities and social sciences. Funds available to the academy were invested in
476-466: The National Academy of Sciences (NAS), the National Academy of Engineering (NAE), and the National Academy of Medicine (NAM) (after 2015; formerly Institute of Medicine (IoM)). The U.S. national academies also serve as public policy advisors, research institutes , think tanks , and public administration consultants on issues of public importance or on request by the government. In
504-694: The UK's national voice for the humanities and social sciences, the British Academy seeks to promote and protect the interests and health of these disciplines and their research base. It makes independent representations to the government and other bodies on relevant higher education and research issues, contributes statements and submissions to formal consultations and organises a range of policy events and discussions, liaising regularly with learned societies, universities, national academies and other relevant organisations. The British Academy's Fellowship represents breadth and excellence of expertise across these disciplines, and
532-549: The United Kingdom. The academy is a self-governing and independent registered charity, based at 10–11 Carlton House Terrace in London . The British Academy is primarily funded with annual government grants. In 2022, £49.3m of its £51.7m of charitable income came from the Department for Business, Energy, and Industrial Strategy – in the same year it took in around £2.0m in trading income and £0.56m in other income. This funding
560-581: The academy embarked on a £2.75m project to renovate and restore the public rooms in No. 11, following the departure of former tenant the Foreign Press Association, and link the two buildings together. The work was completed in January 2011 and the new spaces include a new 150-seat Wolfson Auditorium are available for public hire. In addition to offices for its staff 10 - 11 Carlton House Terrace
588-559: The countries of the former Soviet Union , and in the People's Republic of China , the national academies have considerable power over policy and personnel in their areas. There is, however, a growing consensus among international federations of learned academies that bona fide national (or learned) academies need to adhere to certain criteria: In 1863, President of the United States Abraham Lincoln incorporated
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#1732764900930616-473: The following main areas: research career development; a portfolio of research grant opportunities, and international engagement. The demand and quality of applications submitted for academy funding remains high. This year the academy received around 3,600 applications and made 588 awards to scholars based in around 100 different universities across the UK ;– a success rate of 16 per cent. In order to promote
644-504: The government has agreed to negotiate, and which may receive government financial support while retaining substantial independence. In some countries, a single academy covers all disciplines. In others, there are several academies, which work together more or less closely; for example, France , where the Institut de France groups five self-governing Academies, or Australia . In many states, they are organized in academies of science . In
672-697: The humanities or social sciences, evidenced by published work. Fellows may use the letters FBA after their names. Fellows are elected into one of the following disciplinary sections: The British Academy channels substantial public funding into support for individuals and organisations pursuing humanities and social sciences research and scholarship in the UK and overseas. These funding schemes are designed to aid scholars at different stages of their academic career and include postdoctoral fellowships, Wolfson Research Professorships, Leverhulme Senior Research Fellowships, small research grants and British Academy Research Projects. In addition to its main public funds supported by
700-632: The interests of UK research and learning around the world, the Academy works to create frameworks to support international networking and collaboration and develop the role of humanities and social sciences research in tackling global challenges. It draws on expertise from a wide range of sources from within the fellowship and on specialist advice from its seven Area Panels for Africa, China, the Middle East, Europe, South Asia, and Latin America/Caribbean. The Academy also funds and coordinates
728-654: The national academies were established during the early years of the Showa Era . The two premier national academies in the country are the Science Council of Japan and The Japan Academy . Representing the artistic profession and literature is the Japan Art Academy . The Science Council of Japan (SCJ) was founded by American physicist Harry C. Kelly in 1949 during the Allied occupation of Japan as
756-632: The short distance to Burlington House . It subsequently moved to headquarters near Regent's Park. Then in 1998 the Academy moved to its present headquarters in Carlton House Terrace. Overlooking St James's Park, the terrace was designed by John Nash and built in the 1820s and 1830s. Number 10 was formerly the London residence of the Ridley family and number 11 was from 1856 to 1875 the home of Prime Minister William Gladstone . In March 2010,
784-487: Was initiated as an unincorporated society on 17 December 1901, and received its Royal Charter from King Edward VII on 8 August 1902. Since then, many of Britain's most distinguished scholars in the humanities and social sciences have been involved in the life of the academy, including John Maynard Keynes , Isaiah Berlin , C. S. Lewis and Henry Moore . Until 1927–28 the academy had no premises. Then it moved to some rooms in No. 6 Burlington Gardens . In 1968 it moved
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