41-469: 52°14′31″N 4°15′33″W / 52.24204°N 4.25921°W / 52.24204; -4.25921 Aberaeron ( Welsh pronunciation: [abɛˈrei̯rɔn] ), previously anglicised as Aberayron , is a town , community and electoral ward in Ceredigion , Wales . Located on the coast between Aberystwyth and Cardigan , its resident population was 1,274 in the 2021 census. The name of
82-443: A Welsh name: Cardiganshire / Sir Aberteifi. The new authority was elected in 1995, but acted as a shadow authority alongside the outgoing district and county councils until the new arrangements took effect the following year. During that time, the shadow authority requested a change of name from Cardiganshire / Sir Aberteifi to Ceredigion for both languages. The government confirmed the change with effect from 2 April 1996, one day after
123-504: A divided linguistic geography, as the people of the countryside continued to use forms of Norman French , and many did not even know English. English became seen in the Channel Islands as "the language of commercial success and moral and intellectual achievement". The growth of English and the decline of French brought about the adoption of more values and social structures from Victorian era England. Eventually, this led to
164-467: A harbour which operated as a port and supported a shipbuilding industry in the 19th century. A group of workmen's houses and a school were built on the harbour's north side, but these were reclaimed by the sea. Steam ships continued to visit the harbour until the 1920s but, in later years, it evolved into a small half-tide harbour for recreational craft. The estuary is also crossed by a wooden pedestrian bridge. Crafts were an important part of village life in
205-595: A large part of the country's population due to language revival measures aimed at countering historical anglicisation measures such as the Welsh not . In the early parts of the 19th century, mostly due to increased immigration from the rest of the British Isles, the town of St Helier in the Channel Islands became a predominantly English-speaking place, though bilingualism was still common. This created
246-428: A shadow authority before coming into its powers on 1 April 1996. Political control of the council since 1996 has been held by the following parties: The leaders of the council since 1996 have been: Following the 2022 election and subsequent by-elections and changes of allegiance up to November 2023, the composition of the council was: The Gwlad councillor and eight of the independent councillors sit together as
287-520: Is a form of cultural assimilation whereby something non-English becomes assimilated into or influenced by the culture of England . It can be sociocultural, in which a non-English or place adopts the English language or culture; institutional, in which institutions are influenced by those of England or the United Kingdom ; or linguistic , in which a non-English term or name is altered due to
328-773: Is visible at low tide levels. Aberaeron South Beach was awarded the Blue Flag rural beach award in 2005. The Harbourmaster Hotel is nearby. The climate is mild and temperate, largely conditioned by the proximity of the relatively shallow sea. However, Aberaeron experiences occasional winter frosts when cold air descends the Aeron valley from the upland parts of Ceredigion. Dylan Thomas 's links with Aberaeron, New Quay and Talsarn have been documented. The Dylan Thomas Trail runs through Ceredigion, passing through Aberaeron and ending in New Quay. There are 248 listed buildings in
369-899: The Danish city København ( Copenhagen ), the Russian city of Moskva ( Moscow ), the Swedish city of Göteborg ( Gothenburg ), the Dutch city of Den Haag ( The Hague ), the Spanish city of Sevilla ( Seville ), the Egyptian city of Al-Qāhira ( Cairo ), and the Italian city of Firenze ( Florence ). The Indian city of Kolkata used to be anglicised as Calcutta , until the city chose to change its official name back to Kolkata in 2001. Anglicisation of words and names from indigenous languages occurred across
410-616: The English-speaking world in former parts of the British Empire . Toponyms in particular have been affected by this process. In the past, the names of people from other language areas were anglicised to a higher extent than today. This was the general rule for names of Latin or (classical) Greek origin. Today, the anglicised name forms are often retained for the more well-known persons, like Aristotle for Aristoteles, and Adrian (or later Hadrian ) for Hadrianus. During
451-812: The Lampeter (16 mi (26 km)), and Carmarthen (33 mi (53 km)) sites of the University of Wales Trinity Saint David . Aberaeron is located between Cardigan and Aberystwyth on the A487 , at a junction with the A482 leading south-east to the university town of Lampeter . It lies on the Ceredigion Coast Path , part of the Wales Coast Path . The shoreline consists of generally steep storm beaches of pebbles, although fine sand
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#1732781101154492-462: The Welsh educational system . English "was perceived as the language of progress, equality, prosperity, mass entertainment and pleasure". This and other administrative reforms resulted in the institutional and cultural dominance of English and marginalisation of Welsh, especially in the more urban south and north-east of Wales. In 2022, the Commission for Welsh-speaking Communities warned that
533-523: The unitary authorities of Wales . The council's main offices are in Aberaeron . The current council was created on 1 April 1996 under the Local Government (Wales) Act 1994 , replacing Ceredigion District Council and also taking over county-level functions in the area from Dyfed County Council, which was abolished. The 1994 act specified that the new authority was to have both an English and
574-453: The "Independents Group". The other independent councillor is unaffiliated to any group. The next election is due in 2027. Elections take place every five years. The last full county election took place on 5 May 2022 . The next election is due in May 2027. Party with the most elected councillors in bold. Coalition agreements in notes column. Since the local government reorganisation in 1996,
615-548: The 19th century. Information recorded in trade directories shows that in 1830, although it was not yet fully developed as a port, in Aberaeron there were one woollen manufacturer , one bootmaker, one baker, one corn miller, one blacksmith, one blacksmith and shovel maker, two shipwrights , one carpenter and one hatmaker. In the late 1890s, a hand-powered cable car , the Aeron Express , was built to ferry workers across
656-548: The Aberaeron and Aberarth ward, electing one councillor to Ceredigion County Council . Since 2008, the ward has been represented by Elizabeth Evans for the Welsh Liberal Democrats . The town and surrounding areas are served by Ysgol Gyfun Aberaeron , a bilingual secondary comprehensive school . Although there is no provision for higher education in the town, three university towns are within easy travelling range: Aberystwyth (13 mi (21 km) away) and
697-611: The Aberaeron community, most in the town itself. An annual festival of Welsh ponies and cobs is held on Alban Square Field every August. A life-sized statue of a Welsh cob stallion, sculpted by David Mayer, was donated to the town in 2005 by the festival. An annual carnival takes place on the Monday bank holiday in August, with a procession of floats and a carnival queen moving from the quay to Alban Square. In 1866, transport in Lampeter
738-564: The British Isles became increasingly anglicised. Firstly, the ruling classes of England, who were of Norman origin after the Norman Conquest of 1066, became anglicised as their separate Norman identity, different from the identity of the native Anglo-Saxons , became replaced with a single English national identity . Secondly, English communities in Wales and Ireland emphasised their English identities, which became established through
779-601: The Channel Islands and Britain, but also provide economic prosperity and improved "general happiness". During the 19th century, there was concern over the practise of sending young Channel Islanders to France for education, as they might have brought back French culture and viewpoints back to the Islands. The upper class in the Channel Islands supported anglicising the Islands, due to the social and economic benefits it would bring. Anglophiles such as John Le Couteur strove to introduce English culture to Jersey . Anglicisation
820-543: The Channel Islands's culture becoming mostly anglicised, which supplanted the traditional Norman-based culture of the Islands. From 1912, the educational system of the Channel Islands was delivered solely in English, following the norms of the English educational system . Anglicisation was supported by the British government , and it was suggested that anglicisation would not only encourage loyalty and congeniality between
861-582: The Queen's Hotel in 1866 and had served as the headquarters of the former Cardiganshire County Council from 1950 until 1974, then served as an area office for Dyfed County Council from 1974 until 1996. The council also inherited Aberystwyth Town Hall , which had been the headquarters of Ceredigion District Council. Both these Aberystwyth offices closed in 2009 when the council opened a new Aberystwyth area office at Canolfan Rheidol in Llanbadarn Fawr on
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#1732781101154902-584: The continued prominence of the Welsh language and customs within them. However, other scholars argue that industrialisation and urbanisation led to economic decline in rural Wales, and given that the country's large towns and cities were anglicised, this led to an overall anglicisation of the nation. The Elementary Education Act 1870 and the Welsh Intermediate Education Act 1889 introduced compulsory English-language education into
943-485: The council has had its meeting place and main offices at Neuadd Cyngor Ceredigion (English: Ceredigion Council Hall ) at Penmorfa in Aberaeron . The building was erected in the early 1990s for the council's predecessor, Ceredigion District Council . When the council was created in 1996 it inherited various offices from its predecessor authorities, including Swyddfa'r Sir in Aberystwyth , which had been built as
984-467: The county. From 1894 until the local government reorganisation of 1974, the town was classified as an urban district . The first representative for Aberayron on Cardiganshire County Council was John Morgan Howell , who became a prominent figure in the political life of the county. Following his election in January 1889, bonfires were lit to celebrate his victory. Since 1995, the town has been part of
1025-529: The cultural influence of the English language. It can also refer to the influence of English soft power , which includes media, cuisine, popular culture, technology, business practices, laws and political systems. Anglicisation first occurred in the British Isles , when Celts under the sovereignty of the king of England underwent a process of anglicisation. The Celtic language decline in England
1066-554: The emigration of Anglophones to Welsh-speaking villages and towns was putting the Welsh language at risk. During the 19th and 20th centuries, there was a nationwide effort in the United States to anglicise all immigrants to the US . This was carried out through methods including (but not limited to) mandating the teaching of American English and having all immigrants change their first names to English-sounding names. This movement
1107-404: The harbour when the bridge was demolished by floods. The structure was recreated in 1988 as a tourist attraction that ran until the end of summer 1994, when it was closed under health and safety regulations. The architecture of Aberaeron is unusual for this part of rural Wales, being constructed around a principal square, Alban Square , of Regency style buildings grouped around the harbour. This
1148-528: The land the English settled was not intensively used or densely populated. The culture of settling English populations in Wales and Ireland remained heavy influenced by that of England. These communities were also socially and culturally segregated from the native Irish and Welsh, a distinction which was reinforced by government legislation such as the Statutes of Kilkenny . During the Middle Ages , Wales
1189-513: The new council came into being. The county had the lowest rates of people infected with or dying from COVID-19 in the British mainland, up to June 2020. The area is naturally rural and holiday attractions and the university were closed down very early. The council set up its own contact tracing system in March 2020. The first election to the new council was held in 1995, initially operating as
1230-687: The power of the Welsh Tudor dynasty in the rest of England. Scholars have argued that industrialisation prevented Wales from being anglicised to the extent of Ireland and Scotland, as the majority of the Welsh people did not move abroad in search of employment during the early modern era, and thus did not have to learn to speak English. Furthermore, migration patterns created a cultural division of labour, with national migrants tending to work in coalfields or remain in rural villages, while non-national migrants were attracted to coastal towns and cities. This preserved monocultural Welsh communities, ensuring
1271-563: The settlement of various parts of Wales and Ireland between the 11th and 17th centuries under the guidance of successive English kings. In Wales, this primarily occurred during the conquest of Wales by Edward I , which involved English and Flemish settlers being "planted" in various newly established settlements in Welsh territory. English settlers in Ireland mostly resided in the Pale , a small area concentrated around Dublin . However, much of
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1312-562: The site: "Near the town are some remains of an ancient fortress called Castell Cadwgan, thought to have been erected by King Cadwgan, about the year 1148." However, Cadwgan is recorded as having been killed in 1111. Welsh Minstrelsy: Containing the Land beneath the Sea (1824) says: "Just where Sarn Ddewi juts out from the shore is an old fort, called Castell Cadwgan." Aberaeron is a relatively new settlement and lacked borough status like other towns in
1353-429: The time in which there were large influxes of immigrants from Europe to the United States and United Kingdom during the 19th and 20th centuries, the names of many immigrants were never changed by immigration officials but only by personal choice. Ceredigion County Council Ceredigion County Council ( Welsh : Cyngor Sir Ceredigion ) is the governing body for the county of Ceredigion , since 1996 one of
1394-624: The town is Welsh for "mouth of the Aeron ". It is derived from the Middle Welsh aer (slaughter), which gave its name to Aeron , believed by some to have been a Welsh god of war. One of the main Ceredigion County Council office sites is located in Aberaeron. In 1800, there was no significant coastal settlement here. The present town was planned and developed from 1805 by the Rev. Alban Thomas Jones Gwynne. He built
1435-401: The war effort. Post-war attempts to reinstate the club failed. Castell Cadwgan, a 12th-century ringwork fortification around a probable wooden structure, was by the shore at Aberaeron, but has long since been claimed by the sea. Traces of the structure remain in mounds of earth and the remains of the enclosure bank. Henry Gastineau 's Wales Illustrated in a Series of Views (1810) mentions
1476-589: Was an essential element in the development of British society and of the development of a unified British polity. Within the British Isles , anglicisation can be defined as influence of English culture in Scotland , Wales , Ireland , the Isle of Man and the Channel Islands . Until the 19th century, most significant period for anglicisation in those regions was the High Middle Ages . Between 1000 and 1300,
1517-700: Was gradually conquered by the English. The institutional anglicisation of Wales was finalised with the Laws in Wales Acts 1535 and 1542 , which fully incorporated Wales into the Kingdom of England . This not only institutionally anglicised Wales, but brought about the anglicisation of the Welsh culture and language. Motives for anglicising Wales included securing Protestant England against incursions from Catholic powers in Continental Europe and promoting
1558-651: Was greatly improved with the opening of the railway linking Carmarthen and Aberystwyth . In 1911, a branch line, the Lampeter, Aberayron and New Quay Light Railway , opened to Aberaeron. Following the nationalisation of the railways, the passenger service to Aberaeron ceased in 1951; the last freight train left the town on 2 April 1965. A regular bus service links the town with Aberystwyth, Lampeter and Carmarthen, with several daily through services to Swansea , Bridgend and Cardiff . Another service connects with New Quay, Aberporth and Cardigan from Monday to Saturday. Anglicisation Anglicisation or Anglicization
1599-713: Was known as Americanization and is considered a subset of Anglicization due to English being the dominant language in the United States. Linguistic anglicisation is the practice of modifying foreign words, names, and phrases to make them easier to spell, pronounce or understand in English . The term commonly refers to the respelling of foreign words, often to a more drastic degree than that implied in, for example, romanisation . Non-English words may be anglicised by changing their form and/or pronunciation to something more familiar to English speakers. Some foreign place names are commonly anglicised in English. Examples include
1640-565: Was mostly complete by 1000 AD, but continued in Cornwall and other regions until the 18th century. In Scotland , the decline of Scottish Gaelic began during the reign of Malcolm III of Scotland to the point where by the mid-14th century the Scots language was the dominant national language among the Scottish people . In Wales , however, the Welsh language has continued to be spoken by
1681-496: Was the work of Edward Haycock Sr. , an architect from Shrewsbury . His designs also included the former Aberaeron Town Hall, which was completed in 1846 and became County Hall, Aberaeron in 1910. Some of the architecture was of sufficient interest to feature on British postage stamps. Aberaeron Golf Club was founded in 1923. It continued until the Second World War , when the course was turned over to agriculture to aid