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57-1065: Adoor is a municipality in the Pathanamthitta district of Kerala , India . It is the headquarters of the Adoor Taluk and Adoor Revenue Division. Adoor is located 18 km (11.2 mi) southwest of the district headquarters Pathanamthitta and 85 km (52.8 mi) north of the state capital Thiruvananthapuram . As per the 2011 Indian Census , Adoor had a population of 29,171. Adoor (Ad-oor) in Malayalam translates as "Ad" means "separated" (adarnu) and "oor" means "place" or "land". So it means "adarnu kittiya ooru" in Malayalam and in English it means "An obtained separated land". Also called as, "Noble" ആഢ്യൻ" and "oor" 'ഊര്" means "place" or "land". So it means "Aadyanmaarude Ooru " "ആഢ്യൻമാരുടെ ഊര് " in Malayalam and in English it means "Land of Noble personnel". The history of Adoor

114-537: A Tropical monsoon climate bordering a Tropical rainforest climate , more or less the same as is prevalent elsewhere in Kerala. Annual temperatures range between 20 °C (68 °F) and 39 °C (102 °F). The district experiences three distinct weather conditions: winter, summer and the monsoon. The winter season is experienced from December to February and summer season from March to May. There are two rainy seasons: The South-West monsoon (June to September) and

171-518: A National Fish Seed Farm. There are 2444 fishermen depending on this sector for their livelihood. Pathanamthitta assembly constituency was part of the Idukki (Lok Sabha constituency) but now Pathanamthitta is a separate Lok Sabha constituency. Pathanamthitta comes under Aranmula Assembly constituency. Earlier, Pathanamthitta itself was an Assembly constituency. But after delimitation, Pathanamthitta lost its named constituency. The district headquarters

228-732: A daily basis. KSRTC bus depots in Pathanamthitta district are Pathanamthitta, Konni, Thiruvalla , Adoor, Mallapally, KSRTC Operating centers are situated in Ranni, Pandalam and a Temporary KSRTC Depot working during Sabarimala season at Pamba. Pathanamthitta district is known as the Headquarters of Pilgrimage Tourism , of the Kerala State. Situated near the Western Ghats and bordered by the hills, Pathanamthitta district

285-529: A distance of 15 km include, Elanthoor , Ranny , Vadaserikara , Kozhencherry , Vechoochira , Kadammanitta , Vazhamuttom , Adoor , Pandalam , Manjinikara, Mathoor , Cheekanal, Omallur , Malayalappuzha , Kodumthara , Elavumthitta-Muloor Smarakam, Kodumon , Kalanjoor, Ayroor Cherukolpuzha, Ulanadu, Kaipattoor , Mylapra , Uthimoodu , Thumpamon , Maroor, Pramadom , Konni , Chengara and Valamchuzhy . The places beyond these are Thiruvalla , Nilackal , Parumala , and Maramon . Pathanamthitta lies on

342-434: A distance of 30 km. Thiruvalla railway station is 30 km via Thiruvalla-Kumbazha highway. The district's name is a combination of two Malayalam words, pathanam and thitta , which together mean 'array of houses on the river side'. The district headquarters is located on the banks of the river Achankovil . The regions that form the town were formerly under the rule of Pandalam , which had connections with

399-510: A population of 11,97,412 (11.97 Lakh) and which was lower than 12.34 lakh of previous Census of 2001. Males constitute 46.9% of the population and females 53.1%. 89% of Total population in Pathanamthitta lives in Rural area and only 11% lives in urban. Pathanamthitta District ranks the 12th place in terms of population size in the state. In total density of the District is 452 Persons per km which

456-404: A population of 29,171 and a population density of 1,401 inhabitants per square kilometre (3,630/sq mi). Of this, 47.1% are males and 52.9% are female. 8.27% of the population is under 6 years of age. Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes constitute 12.41% and 0.13% of the population respectively. The total literacy rate was 96.31% (97.49% for males and 95.27% for females), which is higher than

513-507: A variety of plants including medicinal, spices, tuber crops and those yielding fruits and fiber. Aromatic plants and spices such as pepper , ginger , cardamom and turmeric are cultivated on a large scale. Trees such as timber, teak, rosewood, jack tree, manjakadambu, anjili, pala can be found in abundance. The forests of the district have excellent wild life habitats. A variety of animals and birds can be found. Tigers , elephants , gaur , deer , monkeys and other wild animals are found in

570-693: Is 90 km (56 mi) away. The nearest railway stations are Kayamkulam Junction Railway Station 25 km (16 mi) away, Chengannur Railway Station , Kottarakara Railway Station (21.5 km). A railway station was planned for Adoor but this plan was shifted to Mavelikkara . There are considerations about bringing a major junction railway station to Adoor. The proposed railway station will have railway flyovers and nearly eight tracks with lines Kayamkulam - Punalur via Adoor, Chengannur - Thiruvananthapuram via Adoor. [REDACTED] Media related to Adoor at Wikimedia Commons Municipalities of Kerala The urban councils of Kerala date back to

627-624: Is April. Although summer doesn't end until May, the city often receives locally developed heavy thundershowers in May (although humidity remains high). The monsoon lasts from June to August, with moderate rainfall. Most of the heavy rainfall in the city falls between June and July, and June is the wettest month of the year. The Last weeks of June is also days of floods. The three major rivers viz Pampa, Achankovil and Manimala swell with rainwater. Winter begins in December. December through February are

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684-478: Is Shri Chittayam Gopakumar. Adoor Town consists of 28 wards of Adoor Municipality. Adoor Taluk consists of two municipal towns: Adoor and Pandalam. Adoor is one among the only two revenue divisions of the Pathanamthitta district. The Adoor Revenue Division includes Kozhencherry (Pathanamthitta), Konni , and Adoor Taluks. The revenue division was previously located in the Kollam District . Adoor

741-455: Is a treat to eyes with its vast unending stretches of forests, rivers and rural landscapes. Blessed by nature, the district is famous for its scenic beauty, fairs and festivals. Land of Lord Ayyappa is the tag-line of Pathanamthitta tourism. Pathanamthitta attracts a large number of tourists every year. Pilgrim centres and other eco tourism spots like Gavi and Adavi are most visited in Pathanamthitta. Places around Pathanamthitta city within

798-489: Is at Pathanamthitta town. The district administration is headed by the District Collector Prem Krishnan . He is assisted by five Deputy Collectors holding charges of general matters, revenue recovery, land acquisition, land reforms and election. Under the three tier system of panchayat in rural areas, Pathanamthitta has one district panchayat, 9 block panchayat and 57 grama panchayats . Under

855-783: Is directly connected to the history of Kollam district . During the 1st century A.D., most of the places in Kollam district were ruled by the Ay Kingdom , with their headquarters at south Travancore . It is known that during the rule of the Ay Kings, a Buddhist Monastery existed in Adoor. Some megalithic monuments like dolmens, dating back to the Neolithic period, have been discovered in the Enadimangalam village of Adoor Taluk. Adoor

912-696: Is formed by including all the five Assembly constituencies of the district along with two other Assembly constituencies in the neighboring Kottayam district . Indian National Congress , the CPM / CPI , Bharathiya Janatha party(BJP)and Kerala Congress are the main political parties. The proposed Sabari International Airport, Cheruvally would be the closest airport upon completion, at 28 km away from Pathanamthitta town. Thiruvananthapuram International Airport (113 km), Cochin International Airport, at Nedumbassery , Kochi (142 km) are

969-1148: Is home to many places of worship, including the Mannadi Temple. Adoor is a junction with major roads connecting it to Ernakulam , Trivandrum , Kayankulam , Punalur , Pathanamthitta and Kollam . The only means of transport in Adoor is roadways. There are two bus stands in Adoor. KSRTC bus stand has got 24 hours bus services with daily interstate, interdistrict and town connectivity. The municipal bus stand near bypass stations all private busses. KSRTC provides services to nearby states of Karnataka and Tamil Nadu. Major services include super deluxe, superfast, and fast passengers to Mangalore, Manipal, Marthandam, Thalakkulam, Sulthan Batheri, Perikkalur, Kannur, Udayagiri, Kozhikode, Thrissur, Ernakulam, Trivandrum. Bus services from other depots towards Bangalore (Scania), Sulliya (Super Deluxe), Batheri (Super Deluxe), Thenkasi (Fast Passenger), Pazhani (Super Fast, Fast Passenger) are also available. Private bus services like Kallada, Kerala Lines, and Rukma have daily services towards Bangalore, Chennai, and other destinations from Adoor. Being

1026-435: Is less since sizeable area of the district is reserve forest. Pathanamthitta district has a unique position in the inland fisheries map of Kerala state with its freshwater resources like rivers , reservoirs , streams , ponds , quarries and paddy fields . The fisheries activities in this region started with the establishment of a Fresh Water Survey Station. The district has an Ornamental Fish Breeding resource centre and

1083-460: Is located between the two major cities of Trivandrum and Kochi in south Kerala. With headquarters at Adoor town, the Adoor Thaluk consists of two Municipalities and two Block Panchayats. Pandalam Block Panchayat includes two Panchayats (Thumpamon, Pandalam Thekkekara) from Adoor Thaluk, while the remaining are under Kozhenchery Thaluk. As per the 2011 Indian census , Adoor has

1140-405: Is the executive authority of the municipalities. Elected councillors and officers are the other functionaries. Two types of officers now exist – officers belonging to the municipality as full-time officers and officers transferred to the municipality from the state government. H The Kerala Municipality Act, 1994 mandates the establishment of ward committees in each ward of the municipality. In case

1197-494: Is the first safety road project to be built in Kerala. Adoor bypass starts from Nellimutilpadi in Adoor, passes through Moonnalam , and ends at Karuvatta in Adoor. The Kayamkulam - Punalur (SH8) road also passes through Adoor making it the centre of Kayamkulam and Punalur . KP Road connects Adoor to various places like Charummood , Pathanapuram . People mostly use MC-Road in Adoor for traveling to Trivandrum rather than using National Highway 66 to avoid traffic jams. This makes

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1254-549: Is the only railway station in the District. Mavelikara railway station (Code: MVLK) (32.5 km) is also nearest station after Chengannur and Tiruvalla stations. Kollam Junction Railway Station (Code: QLN) is 62 km away from Pathanamthitta. The location of Chengannur private bus stand in front of the station makes it the most convenient one. Direct Bus services to Pathanamthitta are operated from both Tiruvalla and Chengannur. The proposed Chengannur – Pandalam – Kottarakkara – Thiruvananthapuram railway line passes through

1311-596: The North-East monsoon (October to November). The South-West monsoon is usually very heavy. About 75% of its annual rainfall is received during this season. The town enjoys a tropical climate, the monsoons start in June. The months of April–May can get pretty humid. The best weather is from October to February. Pathanamthitta experiences three distinct seasons: summer , monsoon and winter . Typical summer months are from March to May. The warmest month in Pathanamthitta

1368-674: The Pandya kingdom . It is believed that Hindu God Lord Ayyappa was the King of this region. When Pandalam was added to the princely state of Travancore in 1820, the region came under Travancore administration. Pathanamthitta district , along with most parts of Alappuzha district, was part of the Quilon district of the Travancore Kingdom until the formation of Pathanamthitta district in 1982. Modern day Pathanamthitta District,

1425-483: The 12th in States as per 2011 Census. In Sex-ratio, the District is in the 2nd position with 1132 females per 1,000 males. In Child Sex-ratio, the District has the 1st rank with 976 female children per 1000 male children. The District has the second position in total literacy rate (96.55 per cent) and female literacy rate (95.83 per cent). Agricultural Labourers constitute 14.1 per cent while Cultivators form 10.5 per cent of

1482-671: The 17th century when the Dutch Malabar established the municipality of Fort Kochi . In 1664, the municipality of Fort Kochi was established by Dutch Malabar , making it the first municipality in Indian subcontinent , which got dissolved when the Dutch authority got weaker in 18th century. However, the first modern kind of municipalities were formed in the state in 1866 in Malabar District . In 1866, Fort Kochi municipality

1539-579: The MC-Road the most popular route for traveling to Trivandrum. The National Highway 183 , which Starts from Kollam , passes through Adoor and ends at Theni in Tamil Nadu. There are plans to bring ring roads within Adoor. The upcoming projects of renovating and expanding 110 crores Anayadi- Koodal road and 42crore Ezhamkulam - Kaipattoor road are under process. The nearest airport is at Thiruvananthapuram - Thiruvananthapuram International Airport which

1596-491: The Southern Kerala , India, spread over an area of 23.50 km . It is the administrative capital of Pathanamthitta district . The town has a population of 37,538 (as of 2011 census). The Hindu pilgrim centre Sabarimala is situated in the Pathanamthitta district; as the main transport hub to Sabarimala, the town is known as the 'Pilgrim Capital of Kerala'. Pathanamthitta District, the thirteenth revenue district of

1653-542: The State of Kerala, was formed with effect from 1 November 1982, with headquarters at Pathanamthitta. Forest covers more than half of the total area of the District. Pathanamthitta District ranks the 7th in area in the State. The district has its borders with Allepey, Kottayam, Kollam and Idukki districts of Kerala and Tamil Nadu. Nearest town is Thiruvalla (largest town in Pathanamthitta District), located at

1710-570: The Total Workers in the District. There are five engineering colleges and one medical college in Pathanamthitta District. Hinduism (56%) is the majority faith in Pathanamthitta. Christianity (39%) forms a significant minority. Pathanamthitta has tropical biodiversity with forest, plantations, rivers and fertile land. Fifty percent of the district is covered with forest, providing rich flora and fauna. The district has

1767-427: The area under Adoor municipality is presently known as Adoor Town. Adoor was part of Central Travancore and was never directly under British rule. Adoor was a major town of both wealthy Hindu families and notable Saint Thomas Christian families. Adoor was never captured by King Marthanadavarma. Adoor Dharma Hospital (now known as Adoor General Hospital) was established in the 1880s during Travancore rule. In 1914,

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1824-605: The center of southern Kerala, Adoor has good highways and modern roads for travel and the shipment of goods. Adoor has the MC road (SH1) passing through it until Trivandrum and the National Highway 183A passing through Adoor connecting Pathanamthitta and other major places. Built during the era of the Travancore Dynasty, recently MC road from Kazhakoottam to Adoor was raised to the status of safety road. This

1881-408: The country, and Kerala has been following that pattern since 1994. Consequent to this amendment, several changes have occurred in the functions, powers, and responsibilities of the municipalities, and the states had to make necessary amendments to the legislation on the local governments in the respective states. The Kerala Municipalities Act of 1994, enacted as per the constitutional amendment, governs

1938-478: The country, as they are the level of government that is closest to the citizens. The Kerala Municipality Act 1994 envisage creation of three kinds of urban local governments Kerala has not created any town panchayats so far. The functions of the municipalities are enlisted as schedule appended to Kerala Municipality Act. The functions can be divided into civic functions and development functions in areas of agriculture, industry, health, education etc. Chairperson

1995-474: The database, in Pathanamthitta, the annual mean of PM10 and PM2.5 is recorded at 23 and 10 respectively, which is closer to the recommended level of concentration of particulate matter. While a number of Indian cities are among the world's most polluted, Pathanamthitta's air quality is comparable to some of the cleanest cities in North America, Europe and Australia. Agriculture is the main occupation of

2052-451: The development of Adoor. Adoor is part of the Pathanamthitta district and is one of the two major revenue divisions of Pathanamthitta . Before the formation of the Pathanamthitta district in 1982, Adoor belonged to the Kollam district. Adoor's Assembly Constituency is a part of the newly formed Pathanamthitta Loksabha with the present MP being Shri Anto Antony. The present MLA of Adoor

2109-526: The district. Pathanamthitta is the meeting point of two major State Highways T.K. Road (SH – 07) and Main Eastern Highway (Punalur-Muvattupuzha Road / SH – 08). The town is well connected to major towns and cities inside and outside Kerala by the State run K.S.R.T.C and private buses as well as Luxury Services. Both the KSRTC and private buses play equal roles in satisfying the transportation needs of

2166-493: The first school opened in Adoor: Adoor Malayalam School, known today as Adoor Govt. UP School. In 1934, Mahatma Gandhi visited Adoor and laid the foundation stone of the present SNDP building situated near a private bus stand. The message of khadi and charkha gained more attention during this time. During the 1940s, communism started emerging in Adoor. SNDP and NSS have made great contributions to

2223-527: The forest. Giant squirrel , lion-tailed macaques , barking deer and bear can also be spotted in the reserve. Malabar grey hornbill and great Indian hornbill are found. Pathanamthitta also houses the Indian peacock . Wide variety of other birds such as sunbirds , woodpeckers and kingfishers can also be seen. The existence of the wildlife habitat is under threat from various areas. Pollution from fertilizer and industries and illegal sand mining are

2280-446: The major threats. Issues connected to Sabarimala pilgrimage such as clearing of forest land and large amount of waste discharged also threatens the habitat. Main stadiums in the town are Pathanamthitta K. K. Nair Stadium and Pathanamthitta Indoor Stadium. Other stadiums include Pramadom Rajiv Gandhi Indoor Stadium. These stadiums host sports events in state, district levels and is also used for other purposes. The Aranmula Boat Race

2337-533: The municipality has less than one lakh population, then every person from the ward on the electoral roll becomes a member of the committee. In case the population of the municipality is more than one lakh, then the following become the members of the ward committee: In both cases, the local Councillor is the chairperson of the Ward Committee. The Kerala Municipality (Constitution of Ward Committee and Procedure for Meeting) Rules, 1995 provides further rules for

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2394-521: The nearest airports. Perunad Heliport (helipad) is situated in Kuttikayam estate, Mampara road. Which is known as Sabarimala helipad. Chipsan Aviation Pvt Ltd, having service from various location. Most of the Sabarimala pilgrimages are using this heliport. Chengannur railway station (Code: CNGR) (24 km) is the nearest Railway station. Tiruvalla railway station (Code: TRVL) (30 km)

2451-615: The pattern, functions and services of the municipalities in Kerala. The act, which was integrated for the municipalities and corporations in the state, laid out the constitution of the town panchayats , municipal councils , and municipal corporations . Prior to this, the urban areas of Kerala were governed by the following acts, which were repealed when the Kerala Municipality Act, 1994 was introduced: Hence, instead of having separate acts for municipal corporations and other types of municipal bodies, from 1994 Kerala has

2508-589: The people. About 75% people are dependent on this sector. Rubber is the most important crop, with its plantations covering over 478 square kilometres (185 sq mi). The hilly terrain coupled with high humidity makes the region suitable for rubber plantations. Paddy is the most important crop cultivated in the wet lands. Tapioca and pulses are the important dry land crops. Other major crops are coconut , banana , pepper and ginger . In certain areas cashew , pineapple , sugarcane , cocoa and other tree spices are cultivated. The land available for cultivation

2565-542: The road route to the pilgrim town of Sabarimala , which is 65 km away. The Chettikulangara temple, at Mavelikkara is about 35 km from Pathanamthitta. Padanilam Parabrahma Temple is situated 26 km from Pathanamthitta. Aranmula is around 14 km from Pathanamthitta. Aranmula Temple is one of the biggest temples in South India en route to Sabarimala. See List of people from Pathanamthitta District As per Census of India 2011 Pathanamthitta district had

2622-511: The same act to govern all its municipal bodies. Since then, the structure of municipal bodies has essentially remained the same, even though the urban areas have multiplied. The 74th amendment to the Constitution of India resulted in increased roles for the municipalities in every state in India, where they have been perceived to be great contributors to the social and economic development of

2679-402: The setting up and functioning of these committees. Ward Committees have been set up in Kerala and are regularly cited as a good example of functioning micro level urban governance in India. Ward Committees played an important role in combating the spread of COVID19 in Kerala . Pathanamthitta Pathanamthitta ( IPA: [pɐt̪ːɐnɐn̪d̪iʈːɐ] ), is a municipality situated in

2736-572: The single tier system in urban areas, there are 4 municipalities the district. In addition, there is a census town ( Kozhencherry ). As per the Delimitation of Parliamentary and Assembly Constituencies Order, 2008, Pathanamthitta has five Assembly constituencies , down from eight. However, the district was unified into a single Parliamentary constituency, thus contributing a seat to the Lok Sabha . The Pathanamthitta parliamentary constituency

2793-680: The state average of 94% and the national average of 74.04%. Religion in Adoor (2011) According to the 2011 census, Hindus are the majority with 54% of the population adhering to the religion. Christians form a significant minority, constituting 37% of the population. Muslims constitute 9% of the population. Adoor has at least four medical colleges within 40 km radius or one hour travel proximity. Famous Medical colleges and hospitals include Konni Government Medical College (28 km), Pushpagiri Medical College (31 km), Believers Church Medical College Hospitals (37 km) and Muthootu Medical Centre Pathanamthitta (18 km). Adoor

2850-685: The thirteenth revenue district of the State of Kerala was formed with effect from 1 November 1982, with headquarters at Pathanamthitta. Pathanamthitta has an average elevation of 18 metres (62 ft) above sea level. The main trunk road from south to Sabarimala starts from MC Road at Adoor via NH 183A Pathanamthitta. From The North it Starts from Thiruvalla MC Road and Continues through State Highway 7 (Kerala) , The Main Eastern Highway (Punalur-Muvattupuzha Road/SH-08), Main Central Road (Kesavadasapuram-Angamaly Road/SH-01), NH 183A Kollam -Teni via Adoor- Pathanamthitta. Pathanamthitta has

2907-638: The town. The cities of Kollam , Thiruvananthapuram , Kochi , Thrissur etc. are connected by KSRTC services whereas hi-range townships like Punalur, Kumali, Pala and the Malabar Area of Northern Kerala are connected by private bus services. KSRTC is running chain services that connect Pathanamthitta with the City of Kollam via Adoor , Also to Chengannur railway via Elavumthitta or Kozhencherry . Plenty of A/C Luxury Bus services are operated from Pathanamthitta to Bangalore, Chennai, Mangalore and Mumbai on

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2964-423: The winter months. The lowest temperatures are experienced during January. According to the latest World Health Organization (WHO) study on ambient air quality among 123 Indian cities, Pathanamthitta was found to have the cleanest air in India, in terms of least concentration of dust particles in air. Two out of the three least polluted cities in India are from Kerala, Kollam being the second least polluted. As per

3021-658: Was annexed to the kingdom of Travancore. The Anantharamapuram market situated at Parakkode is known to be one of the oldest, largest and busiest market during the Travancore era. After India got its independence in 1947, the Maharaja of Travancore refused to join Indian Union, but later had to agree. On 1 July 1949, Travancore and Cochin States were integrated and the Maharaja of Travancore became Rajpramukh of Travancore-Cochin State. On 1 November 1956, The State of Kerala

3078-549: Was formed integrating the earlier regions of Travancore, Cochin and Malabar. After that, Adoor was in Kollam district until a new 13th district called, the Pathanamthitta District came into existence as a separate administrative unit on the 1 November 1982. The newly formed Adoor Taluk comprised nine Villages of Kunnathur Taluk and two villages of Mavelikkara Taluk of former Kollam and Alappuzha districts. On 1 April 1990, Adoor municipality came into existence and

3135-468: Was once part of Ilayidathu Dynasty and Pandalam dynasty. In 1741, Venad Maharaja Marthandavarma included Adoor to the Travancore Kingdom. King Marthandavarma once came to Adoor to hide from Ettuvettil Pillai (a wealthy family who tried to capture King Marthandavarma and to get hold of his throne) and sought the help from Chittundayil house but it was refused and then support and shelter

3192-601: Was provided by the grandmother of Nellimuttil family at Adoor, in the later days, after he became the King he then made revenge to the Chittundayil house and granted help to the Nellimuttil house. During the rule of Dharmaraja, a notable event was the battle against Tippu Sultan , where travancore made alliance with the East India Company. During the rule of Rani Gowri Parvathy Bayi, in 1812 A.D., pandalam

3249-687: Was reestablished. Kannur , Thalassery , Kozhikode , Palakkad , and Fort Kochi , which were parts of Malabar District until 1956, were made the first modern municipalities of Kerala on 1 November 1866, according to the Madras Act 10 of 1865 (Amendment of the Improvements in Towns act 1850) of the British Indian Empire . The 74th Constitutional Amendment Act, 1992 provided for a national framework for municipal governance in

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