Asolo ( Italian pronunciation: [ˈaːzolo] ) is a town and comune in the Veneto Region of northern Italy . It is known as "The Pearl of the province of Treviso ", and also as "The City of a Hundred Horizons" for its mountain settings. It is one of I Borghi più belli d'Italia ("The most beautiful villages of Italy").
101-642: The town was originally a settlement of the Veneti , and was mentioned as Acelum in the works of Pliny . Its citizens were inscribed into the Roman tribe Claudia . It was called Acelum in the acts of a synod held in Marano in 588 or 591, since one of the participants was Agnellus episcopus sanctae Acelinae ecclesiae ; the name Asolo was already in use by the time of a synod held in Mantua in 827 (or perhaps 835), at which
202-543: A residentially segregated society in which black people and white people inhabit different neighborhoods of significantly different quality. Many of these neighborhoods are located in Northern and Western cities where African Americans moved during the Great Migration (1914–1970), a period when over a million African-Americans moved out of the rural southern United States to escape the widespread racism of
303-403: A cemetery, from which two ancient tombstones are presented in the local gallery. On November 22, 1547, 10 Jews belonging to the community of Asolo, consisted at the time of 7 families and 2 guests, were killed by a mob led by a man called Antonio Parisotto. Five Jewish families’ houses were destroyed. A number of the attackers were put to justice and sentenced to death or exile. One of the survivors
404-608: A decree ordering the dissolution of all Jüdische Wohnbezirke /ghettos in the East and their transference to Nazi concentration camps or their extermination. The Nazi ghettos were an essentially different institution than the historical ghettos of European society. The historical ghettos were places where Jews lived for many generations and created their own culture – even if they were under social and political conditions of segregation and discrimination. The Nazi ghettos were part of The Final Solution ; they were intended as
505-500: A dramatic decline of manufacturing jobs, which had formerly provided good livings for unionized, working-class blacks and whites. The once thriving northern and western industrial cities survived by a gradual shift to service and financial occupations. Subsidized highways and suburban development in the postwar period had pulled many middle and upper-class families and related businesses to the suburbs . Those who could not afford to move were left with disrupted neighborhoods and economies in
606-411: A growing urban populace, group conflict and competition over limited jobs and space, the inability for many residents to compete for new technology-based jobs, and tensions between the public and private sectors left to the formation and growth of U.S. ghettos. The cumulative economic and social forces in ghettos give way to social, political and economic isolation and inequality, while indirectly defining
707-551: A large increase in the residential racial segregation and urban decay in the United States. The creation of new highways in some cases divided and isolated black neighborhoods from goods and services, many times within industrial corridors. For example, Birmingham, Alabama 's interstate highway system attempted to maintain the racial boundaries that had been established by the city's 1926 racial zoning law. The construction of interstate highways through black neighborhoods in
808-459: A minority making up less than a third of the local population. By 2001, two London boroughs— Newham and Brent —had " minority majority " populations, and most parts of the city tend to have a diverse population. Historically, some parts of London have long been noted for the prevalence of a particular ethnic or religious group (such as the Jewish communities of Golders Green and other parts of
909-476: A particular ethnicity or race, vulnerability to crime, social problems, governmental reliance and political disempowerment. Sharon Zukin explains that through these reasons, society rationalizes the term "bad neighborhoods." Zukin stresses that these circumstances are largely related to "racial concentration, residential abandonment, and de-constitution and reconstitution of communal institutions." Many scholars diagnose this poorly facilitated and fragmented view of
1010-566: A pattern of socioeconomic polarization. Ghettos, in short, instill a cultural adaptation to social and class-based inequalities, reducing the ability of future generations to mobilize or migrate . An alternative theory put forward by Thomas Sowell in Black Rednecks and White Liberals asserts that modern urban black ghetto culture is rooted in the white Cracker culture of the North Britons and Scots-Irish who migrated from
1111-596: A residential bishopric, Acelum is today listed by the Catholic Church as a titular see . In the early Middle Ages Asolo was a possession of the Ezzelini family. Later, it was the capital, and seat of the court, of the fiefdom of Asolo, which was granted by the Republic of Venice (to which it belonged) to Caterina Cornaro , the former Queen of Cyprus ; in 1489 it was granted to her for life, but in 1509 when
SECTION 10
#17327836756471212-470: A separation between superior and inferior status of groups. In response to the influx of black people from the South, banks, insurance companies, and businesses began denying or increasing the cost of services, such as banking , insurance , access to jobs, access to health care , or even supermarkets to residents in certain, often racially determined, areas. The most devastating form of redlining , and
1313-708: A sizable of Jewish minorities fleeing pogroms.), Corsican, Old French , and Latin . During the Holocaust , more than 1,000 Nazi ghettos were established to hold the Jewish populations of Europe , with the goal of exploiting and killing European Jews as part of the Final Solution of Nazi Germany . The term ghetto acquired deep cultural meaning in the United States , especially in the context of segregation and civil rights . It has been widely used in
1414-619: A transitional stage – first confine each city's Jews in one easily accessible and controllable location, then "liquidate" the ghetto and send the Jews to an extermination camp. Most Nazi ghettos were liquidated in 1943; some, such as that of Łódź , persisted until 1944; very few, e.g. the Budapest Ghetto and the Theresienstadt Ghetto , existed until the end of the war in 1945. There are many Roma ghettos in
1515-522: Is white , has been cited as an example of a 'ghetto', but in reality the area is home to a number of different ethnic groups and religious groups . Analysis of data from Census 2001 revealed that only two wards in England and Wales , both in Birmingham , had one dominant non-white ethnic group comprising more than two-thirds of the local population, but there were 20 wards where whites were
1616-408: Is a part of a city in which members of a minority group are concentrated, especially as a result of political, social, legal, religious, environmental or economic pressure. Ghettos are often known for being more impoverished than other areas of the city. Versions of such restricted areas have been found across the world, each with their own names, classifications, and groupings of people. The term
1717-546: Is a suburb of a large city . Banlieues are divided into autonomous administrative entities and do not constitute part of the city proper . For instance, 80% of the inhabitants of the Paris area live outside the city of Paris . Like the city centre, suburbs may be rich, middle-class or poor — Versailles , Le Vésinet , Maisons-Laffitte and Neuilly-sur-Seine are affluent banlieues of Paris , while Clichy-sous-Bois , Bondy and Corbeil-Essonnes are less so. However, since
1818-526: Is dependent upon prejudice and segregationist patterns established in the South prior to World War I, where most African Americans were disenfranchised by the turn of the century and deprived of political power. After the exodus of African Americans to the North during and after World War I, they had to compete with numerous European immigrants; thus, African-Americans were diminished to unskilled jobs. The slow rate of advancement in black communities outlines
1919-466: Is evidenced in approximately 300 short inscriptions dating from the 6th to 1st centuries BC. Venetic appears to share several similarities with Latin and the other Italic languages , but also has some affinities with other Indo-European languages, especially Germanic and Celtic . Venetic should not be confused with Venetian , a Romance language presently spoken in the Veneto region. The extent of
2020-509: Is limited to personal names, nouns, and verbs used in dedicatory formulae. There are even fewer remains of an Illyrian language which have been connected to the region and may indicate an Illyrian. However, this identification of the Adriatic Veneti as Illyrians has been discredited by many linguists. Hans Krahe and later Anton Mayer showed that Herodotus was not referring to the Adriatic Veneti, but to an Illyrian tribe that lived in
2121-796: Is said to imply a link between the Veneti and the Vindelici who are related to Liburnians from the Istrian Coast. However, the reference to the Veneti in Virgil seems to place them in the "innermost realm of the Liburnians" which must have been the goal at which Antenor is said to have arrived. This however implies only that the ancient Liburnians may have once encompassed a wide swath of the Eastern Alps, from Vindelicia, through Noricum, to
SECTION 20
#17327836756472222-523: The Amber Road . There were horsemen and fishermen, and members involved in animal husbandry. In the 7th century BC merchants at Este used bronze coins, while by the 3rd century BC silver money was in use, especially at Padua. Farmers cultivated grain and grapes. Artisans produced ceramic and bronze objects, and wove wool cloth. Artifacts show that among the sports enjoyed were boxing and boat races. Many archaeological excavations are still under way in
2323-731: The Arsia River in the east in what is now Croatia to the Abdua in the current Italian region of Lombardy and from the Alps to the Adriatic Sea . Herodotus (c. 484–425 BC) at one point mentions the Veneti of the Adriatic ( Histories V.9) and at another refers in passing to the "Eneti in Illyria" ( Histories I.196) whose supposed marriage customs, he claims, mirrored those of
2424-842: The Cenomani Celts who had settled in and eventually absorbed the areas of Brescia and Verona . The Veneti seem to have begun contact with Rome in the third century BC. They established amicitia with Rome against the Gauls c. 238 BC. During the Second Punic War , the Veneti were again allied with the Romans against the Celts, Iberians, and the Carthaginian expedition (218–203 BC) led by Hannibal . Livy records that they sent soldiers to fight along with
2525-563: The Euganean Hills ; later they expanded until they reached borders similar to those of the current Veneto region. According to the archaeological finds (which also agree with the written sources), the western borders of their territory ran along Lake Garda, the southern ones followed a line that starts from the Tartaro river , follows the Po and reaches Adria , along the extinct branch of
2626-705: The European Union . The Czech government estimates that there are approximately 830 Roma ghettos in the Czech Republic . During the period 2010–2021, the word ghetto was used officially by the Danish government to describe certain officially designated vulnerable social housing areas in the country. The designation was applied to areas based on the residents' income levels, employment status, education levels, criminal convictions and proportion of non-Western immigrants and their descendants. The term
2727-676: The Jewish area of Venice , the Venetian Ghetto in Cannaregio (1516–1797). By 1899, the term had been extended to crowded urban quarters of other minority groups. The etymology of the word is uncertain, as there is no agreement among etymologists about the origins of the Venetian language term as it pertains to a neighborhood. One theory of the word can be traced to a special use of the Venetian ghèto , meaning ' foundry ' (there
2828-631: The League of Cambrai conquered and ransacked Asolo, Caterina fled to exile and died in Venice a year later. Under her reign, the painter Gentile Bellini , the poet Andrea Navagero , and the humanist Cardinal Pietro Bembo were part of the court. In 1798, the Italian impresario Antonio Locatelli built the Asolo Theatre in the former audience hall of the castle of Caterina Cornaro. The theatre
2929-772: The London Borough of Barnet , and the West Indian community of Notting Hill ), but in each case these populations have been part of a broader multicultural population. In the late 19th and early 20th century, the East End of London was also noted for its Jewish population, but now has a significant British Bangladeshi populace. In Northern Ireland , towns and cities have long been segregated along ethnic, religious and political lines . The two main communities of Northern Ireland are: Ghettos emerged in Belfast during
3030-466: The Nazis established new ghettos in numerous cities of Eastern Europe as a form of concentration camp to confine Jews and Romani into limited areas. The Nazis most often referred to these areas in documents and signage at their entrances as "Jewish quarter." These Nazi camps sometimes coincided with traditional Jewish ghettos and Jewish quarters, but not always. On June 21, 1943, Heinrich Himmler issued
3131-735: The Po of Adria , while the eastern ones reached up to the Tagliamento river . According to Julius Pokorný , the ethnonym Venetī (singular *Venetos ) is derived from Proto Indo-European root *wen- 'to strive, to wish for, to love'. As shown by the comparative material, Germanic languages had two terms of different origin: Old High German Winida 'Wende' points to Pre-Germanic *Wenétos , while Lat.-Germ. Venedi (as attested in Tacitus) and Old English Winedas 'Wends' call for Pre-Germanic *Wenetós . The latter, according to Tacitus, who would have been familiar with Adriatic Veneti, connects
Asolo - Misplaced Pages Continue
3232-474: The Red Summer because of the widespread racial outbreaks and white attacks on mainly African Americans. Two main factors ensured further separation between races and classes, and ultimately the development of contemporary ghettos: the relocation of industrial enterprises, and the movement of middle to upper class residents into suburban neighborhoods. Between 1967 and 1987, economic restructuring resulted in
3333-585: The Veneto today at sites such as Este , Padua , Oderzo , Adria , Vicenza , Verona and Altinum . Studies have explored the vast influence of the Greeks in the Adriatic and their interaction with the Veneti, particularly focusing on the Euboeans , Phocaeans and Corinthians . Furthermore, studies have also been done on Etruscan activity in the region and their strong links to the Veneti. Modern surveys on
3434-557: The Vistula Veneti with the Slavs . Etymologically related words include Latin venus, -eris 'love, passion, grace'; Sanskrit vanas- 'lust, zest', vani- 'wish, desire'; Old Irish fine (< Proto-Celtic *venjā ) 'kinship, kinfolk, alliance, tribe, family'; Old Norse vinr , Old Saxon, Old High German wini , Old Frisian, Old English wine 'friend'. The ancient Veneti spoke Venetic , an extinct Indo-European language which
3535-418: The intergenerational diffusion of status within families and neighborhoods, for instance, prove the rise in socioeconomic polarization between classes to be the creator of American ghetto; not racism . Furthermore, the culture of poverty theory, first developed by Oscar Lewis , states that a prolonged history of poverty can itself become a cultural obstacle to socioeconomic success, and in turn can continue
3636-551: The riots that accompanied the Irish War of Independence . For safety, people fled to areas where their community was the majority. Many more ghettos emerged after the 1969 riots and beginning of the " Troubles ." In August 1969 the British Army was deployed to restore order and separate the two sides. The government built barriers called " peace lines ." Many of the ghettos came under the control of paramilitaries such as
3737-643: The suburbs after World War II. These ethnic ghetto areas included the Lower East Side in Manhattan, New York , which later became notable as predominantly Jewish , and later still as Chinese and Latino. East Harlem was once predominantly Italian and in the 1950s became home to a large Puerto Rican community. Little Italys across the country were predominantly Italian ghettos. Many Polish immigrants settled in areas of other nationals, such as Pilsen of Chicago and Polish Hill of Pittsburgh . Since
3838-600: The "urban crisis" during the 1970s and 1980s, the transition stressed regional divisions according to differences in income and racial lines—white "donuts" around black holes. Hardly coincidental, the steady separation occurred during the period of civil rights laws, urban riots and Black Power . In addition, the International Encyclopedia of Social Sciences stresses the various challenges developed by this "urban crisis", including: [P]oorly underserviced infrastructures, inadequate housing to accommodate
3939-462: The (republican) Provisional Irish Republican Army and the (loyalist terrorist organisation ) Ulster Defence Association . One of the most notable ghettos was Free Derry . The development of ghettos in the United States is closely associated with different waves of immigration and internal urban migration. The Irish and German immigrants of the mid-19th century were the first ethnic groups to form ethnic enclaves in United States cities. This
4040-589: The 1970s, banlieues increasingly means, in French of France , low-income housing projects ( HLMs ) in which mainly foreign immigrants and French of foreign descent reside, often in perceived poverty traps . The existence of ethnic enclaves in the United Kingdom is controversial . Southall Broadway , a predominantly Asian area in Greater London , where less than 12 percent of the population
4141-501: The Adriatic Veneti descended from Celts who in turn were related to later Celtic tribe of the same name who lived on the coast of Brittany and fought against Julius Caesar . He further suggested that the identification of the Adriatic Veneti with the Paphlagonian Enetoi led by Antenor—which he attributes to Sophocles (496–406 BC)—was a mistake due to the similarity of the names. Strabo also gives information on
Asolo - Misplaced Pages Continue
4242-715: The Babylonians. This led early scholars to seek to link the Veneti with the Illyrians . Their Illyrian origin is further strengthened by their close relationship with the inhabitants of the coastal regions of the Adriatic . Karl Pauli, a late 19th-century expert on the Venetic language, declared that the language was more closely related to that of the Illyrians than to any other language, even though knowledge of Venetic
4343-606: The Dalmatian coast before the coming of the Veneti. Pliny the Elder (AD 23–79) mentions that Cornelius Nepos (100–24 BC) implied that the Paphlagonian Eneti ( Heneti ) were ancestors of the Veneti of Italy. He lists the towns of Ateste , Acelum , Patavium, Opitergium , Belunum , and Vicetia as belonging to the Veneti. The Greek historian Strabo (64 BC–AD 24), on the other hand, conjectured that
4444-526: The Lex Pompeia de Transpadanis and Roman citizenship in 49 BC in the Lex Roscia. Roman colonies established at Este , Concordia , and Trieste between 49 BC and 14 AD and at Oderzo and Zuglio during the reign of Claudius further contributed to the absorption of the Veneti into Roman culture. The equivalent of Apollo was Belenus in Veneto and Noricum . He had an oracle in
4545-594: The Romans at the battle of Cannae . With the foundation of the Latin colony of Aquileia by Rome in 181 BC and laying of the Via Postumia in 148 BC followed by the Via Annia in 131 BC, Roman influence among the Veneti increased. The Veneti seem to have voluntarily and gradually adopted the Latin language, Roman architecture, Roman city planning, and Roman religion. Votive offerings sometimes appear in
4646-507: The South; to seek out employment opportunities in industrial cities; and to pursue what was widely perceived to be a better quality of life in the North and West, such as New York City , Detroit , Cleveland , Chicago , Pittsburgh , Los Angeles , Oakland , Portland , and Seattle . African Americans found they had to struggle with white ethnic groups in Northern and Midwestern cities; many of them more recent European immigrants. Often they were restricted to areas of older and poor housing in
4747-504: The United States as the "age of extremes." This term argues that inequalities of wealth and power reinforce spatial separation; for example, the growth of gated communities can be interconnected with the continued "ghettoization" of the poor. Another characteristic to African-American or Black ghettos and spatial separation is the dependence on the state, and lack of communal autonomy ; Sharon Zukin refers to Brownsville, Brooklyn , as an example. This relationship between racial ghettos and
4848-399: The Veneti and other Ancient Italic peoples , including the Venetic inscriptions from Este, were published by A. L. Prosdocimi , A. M. C. Bianchi and L. Capuis . Other tribes originally thought to have been Illyrians and shown to be actually related to the Veneti are: Histri , Carni , Catari , Catali , Liburni , Lopsi , Secusses , Venetulani . Ghetto A ghetto
4949-470: The Venetic language written with the Roman alphabet or in Venetic with a Latin translation. Roman consuls were asked to adjudicate border disputes between Este and Padua in 141 and again in 135 BC and also a border dispute between Este and Vicenza . In 175 BC, Padua requested the aid of Rome in putting down a local civil war. The Veneti were given Latin rights after the Social War in
5050-486: The ability of black people to move from inner cities to the suburbs, even when they were economically able to afford it. In contrast to this, the same period in history marked a massive suburban expansion available primarily to whites of both wealthy and working-class backgrounds, facilitated through highway construction and the availability of federally subsidized home mortgages ( VA , FHA , Home Owners' Loan Corporation ). These made it easier for families to buy new houses in
5151-418: The appointed areas starting age 1, lowering social welfare for residents, incentives for reducing unemployment, demolition and rebuilding of certain tenements, rights for landlords to refuse housing to convicts, etc. The policies have been criticized for undercutting 'equality before law' and for portraying immigrants, especially Muslim immigrants, in a bad light. The term "ghetto" was controversial during
SECTION 50
#17327836756475252-641: The area of a city traditionally inhabited by Jews in the diaspora . Jewish quarters, like the Jewish ghettos in Europe, were often the outgrowths of segregated ghettos instituted by the surrounding authorities. A Yiddish term for a Jewish quarter or neighborhood is Di yidishe gas ( Yiddish : די ייִדישע גאַס ), or 'The Jewish street'. Many European and Middle Eastern cities once had a historical Jewish quarter. Jewish ghettos in Christian Europe existed because of majority discrimination against Jews on
5353-665: The basis of religion, language and dated views on race: They were considered outsiders. As a result, Jews were placed under strict regulations throughout many European cities. In some cases, the ghetto was a Jewish quarter with a relatively affluent population (for instance the Jewish ghetto in Venice). In other cases, ghettos were places of terrible poverty. During periods of population growth, ghettos (as that of Rome ) had narrow streets and tall, crowded houses. Residents generally were allowed to administer their own justice system based on Jewish traditions and elders. During World War II ,
5454-588: The black middle class. Two dominant theories arise pertaining to the production and development of U.S. ghettos: race-based and class-based; as well as an alternative theory put forward by Thomas Sowell . First are the race-based theorists, who argue the importance of race in ghettos. Their analysis consists of the dominant racial group in the U.S. ( White Anglo-Saxon Protestants ) and their use of certain racist tactics in order to maintain their hegemony over black people and lengthen their spatial separation. Race-based theorists offset other arguments that focus on
5555-423: The borderlands of northern historical Macedonia . Later linguistic and paleontological studies further solidified their findings. Roman historian Titus Livius (59 BC–AD 17), himself a native of the Venetic town of Patavium , wrote that after the fall of Troy , the Trojan prince Antenor became the leader of the Paphlagonians after they all had been expelled from their homeland. Together, they migrated to
5656-508: The city led to significant population loss in those neighborhoods and is associated with an increase in neighborhood racial segregation. Residential segregation was further perpetuated because whites were willing to pay more than black people to live in predominantly white areas. Some social scientists suggest that the historical processes of suburbanization and decentralization are instances of white privilege that have contributed to contemporary patterns of environmental racism . Following
5757-466: The city of Aquileia and was worshipped as the divine protector of the town. Belenus was also connected with springs, which may suggest chthonic and medicinal powers. Belenus was most likely of Celtic origin, and the dominant god of the Norici . Information about Venetic society can be deduced from artifacts, tombs, and religious votive objects. There were village heads. Wealthy landowners were buried with amber jewelry. The Veneti traded actively on
5858-417: The constitution of community-established public housing, anti-poverty organizations, and social service facilities—all, in their own way, depend on state resources. However, certain dependence contradicts society's desires to be autonomous actors in the market. Moreover, Zukin implies, "the less 'autonomous' the community—in its dependence on public schools, public housing and various subsidy programs—the greater
5959-497: The country since the 20th century to refer to poor neighborhoods of largely minority populations. It is also used in some European countries, such as Romania and Slovakia , to refer to poor neighborhoods largely inhabited by Romani people . The term slum is usually used to refer to areas in developing countries that suffer from absolute poverty , while the term ghetto is used to refer to areas of developed countries that suffer from relative poverty . The word ghetto comes from
6060-433: The definition and/or terminology in 2013, 2018 and 2021. In 2018, the Danish government at the time, led by Prime Minister Lars Løkke Rasmussen , announced its intention to "end the existence of parallel societies and ghettos by 2030." A number of measures was introduced to solve the issue of integration , including policies like 25 hours of obligatory daycare or corresponding parent supervision per week for children in
6161-427: The demographics of American ghettos is the prevalence of poverty. Poverty constitutes the separation of ghettos from other, suburbanized or private neighborhoods. The high percentage of poverty partly justifies the difficulty of emigration , which tends to reproduce constraining social opportunities and inequalities in society. The term ghettos has been commonly used for some time, but ghettos were around long before
SECTION 60
#17327836756476262-408: The designated stratum of African-Americans in the labor force was placed even below the working class; low-skill urban jobs were now given to incoming immigrants from Mexico or the Caribbean . Additionally, Zukin notes, "Not only have social services been drastically reduced, punitive and other social controls over the poor have been increased," such as law enforcement and imprisonment. Described as
6363-457: The emergence of anti-discrimination policies in housing and labor sparked by the civil rights movement , members of the black middle class moved out of the ghetto. The Fair Housing Act was passed in 1968. This was the first federal law that outlawed discrimination in the sale and rental of housing on the basis of race, color, national origin, religion and later sex, familial status, and disability. The Office of Fair Housing and Equal Opportunity
6464-571: The generally lawless border regions of Britain to the American South, where they formed a redneck culture common to both black and white people in the antebellum South . Characteristics of this culture included lively music and dance, violence, unbridled emotions, flamboyant imagery, illegitimacy, religious oratory marked by strident rhetoric, and a lack of emphasis on education and intellectual interests. Because redneck culture proved counterproductive, "that culture long ago died out...among both white and black Southerners, while still surviving today in
6565-451: The inequity between their organizations and the state, and the less willing residents are to organize." This should not, however, undermine local development corporations or social service agencies helping these neighborhoods. The lack of autonomy and growing dependence on the state, especially in a neoliberal economy, remains a key indicator to the production as well as the prevalence of African-American or Black ghettos, particularly due to
6666-484: The influence of the economy on segregation. More contemporary research of race-based theorists is to frame a range of methods conducted by white Americans to "preserve race-based residential inequities" as a function of the dominantly white, state-run government. Involving uneven development, mortgage and business discrimination and disinvestment—U.S. ghettos then, as suggested by race-based theorists, are conserved by distinctly racial reasoning. The more dominant view, on
6767-543: The inner cities. African Americans were disproportionately affected and became either unemployed or underemployed, with little wage and reduced benefits. A concentration of African Americans predominated in some inner city neighborhoods. It is also significant to compare the demographic patterns between black people and European immigrants, according to the labor market . European immigrants and African Americans were both subject to an ethnic division of labor. Because of discrimination, African Americans were often restricted to
6868-532: The lack of opportunities to compete in the global market. The concept of the ghetto and underclass has faced criticism both theoretically and empirically. Research has shown significant differences in resources for neighborhoods with similar populations both across cities and over time. This includes differences in the resources of neighborhoods with predominantly low income or racial minority populations. The cause of these differences in resources across similar neighborhoods has more to do with dynamics outside of
6969-470: The largest companies in the Italian and international technical mountaineering and hiking footwear sector: Scarpa. Casella d'Asolo is home to the headquarters of Fashion Box S.p.a., founded in 1981 by Claudio Buziol. Replay is an Italian denim and smart casualwear brand belonging to the industrial group with exports that account for around 92% of the total turnover. Located along the state road 248 Schiavonesca-Marosticana, between 1914 and 1931 Asolo represented
7070-447: The late 20th century, Brighton Beach in Brooklyn has become the home of predominately Jewish Russian and Ukrainian immigrants, who left after the Soviet Union lifted some migration restrictions and later after its fall. A commonly used definition of a ghetto is a community distinguished by a homogeneous race or ethnicity . Additionally, a key feature that developed throughout the post-industrial era and continues to symbolize
7171-515: The later half of the twentieth century, "eventually expressing this distance by literally moving away." This is followed by the exodus of black working-class families. As a result, the ghetto becomes primarily occupied by what sociologists and journalists of the 1980s and 1990s frequently title the " underclass ." William Julius Wilson suggests this exodus worsened the isolation of the black underclass — not only were they socially and physically distanced from whites, they also became isolated from
7272-477: The least secure division of the labor market. David Ward refers to this stagnant position in African-American or Black ghettos as the 'elevator' model, which implies that each group of immigrants or migrants takes turns in the processes of social mobility and suburbanization; and several groups did not start on the ground floor. The inability of black people to move from the ground floor, as Ward suggests,
7373-454: The modern-day inhabitants of the Veneto region, called Veneti in Italian ) were an Indo-European people who inhabited northeastern Italy , in an area corresponding to the modern-day region of Veneto , from the middle of the 2nd millennium BC and developing their own original civilization along the 1st millennium BC. The Veneti were initially attested in the area between Lake Garda and
7474-486: The most common use of the term, refers to mortgage discrimination . Data on house prices and attitudes toward integration suggest that in the mid-twentieth century, segregation was a product of collective actions taken by non-black people to exclude black people from outside neighborhoods. The "Racial" Provisions of the FHA Underwriting Manual of 1936 included the following guidelines which exacerbated
7575-584: The new cities where they settled. The social disruption and economic competition following World War I, as veterans returned to the US, resulted in an outbreak of racial violence of whites against blacks in many of these Northern cities, such as Chicago, Omaha; Washington, DC, and others. Southern industrial cities were also affected. Such racist attacks were extremely violent, in some cases they included burning or bombing homes of African Americans; many innocent blacks were killed. African-American leaders described 1919 as
7676-531: The northern end of the Adriatic coast where they established a settlement, and conquered and merged with indigenous people known as the Euganei . The story connects the Veneti with the Paphlagonian Eneti , mentioned by Homer (750 BC). Virgil (70-19 BC), in his epic the Aeneid , relates the same tradition. A commentary on Virgil's Aeneid by the grammarian Maurus Servius Honoratus (fl. c. AD 400)
7777-499: The only "'authentic' black culture and even glamorize it" while they "denounce any criticism of the ghetto lifestyle or any attempt to change it." Sowell asserts that white liberal Americans have perpetuated this "counterproductive and self-destructive lifestyle" among black Americans living in urban ghettos through "the welfare state, and look-the-other-way policing, and smiling at 'gangsta rap'." Contemporary African-American or Black ghettos are characterized by an overrepresentation of
7878-440: The other hand, is represented by class-based theorists. Such theories confirm class to be more important than race in the structuring of U.S. ghettos. Although racial concentration is a key signifier for ghettos, class-based theorists emphasize the role and impact of broader societal structures in the creation of African-American or Black ghettos. Dynamics of low-wage service and unemployment triggered from deindustrialization , and
7979-474: The participation of Arthemius episcopus Asolensis is noted. In 969, Emperor Otto I assigned the territory of the diocese of Acelum/Asolo to the diocese of Treviso . This action may be related to the destruction caused by the Hungarian raiders who in 899 defeated Berengar I of Italy near the town. However, one of the bishops at a synod at Rome under Pope Leo IX in 1049 was called Ugo of Asolo. No longer
8080-404: The period of its usage, inhabitants feeling stigmatized by the wording and researchers pointing out that the areas in question were typically inhabited by 20-40 different ethnic minorities, hence being diametrically opposed to the ethnic homogeneity of the original ghettos, so that multi-ethnic residential areas would be a more appropriate term. In June 2019 a new social democratic government
8181-401: The poorest and worst of the urban black ghettos", which Sowell described as being characterized by "brawling, braggadocio, self-indulgence, [and] disregard of the future", and where "belligerence is considered being manly and crudity is considered cool, while being civilized is regarded as 'acting white'." Sowell blames liberal Americans who since the 1960s have embraced black ghetto culture as
8282-544: The rigidity of the labor market, competition and conflict, adding another dimension to the prevalence of poverty and social instability in African-American or Black ghettos. In the years following World War II, many white Americans began to move away from inner cities to newer suburban communities, a process known as white flight . White flight occurred, in part, as a response to black people moving into white urban neighborhoods. Discriminatory practices, especially those intended to "preserve" emerging white suburbs, restricted
8383-433: The segregation issue: Recommended restrictions should include provision for: prohibition of the occupancy of properties except by the race for which they are intended ... Schools should be appropriate to the needs of the new community and they should not be attended in large numbers by inharmonious racial groups. This meant that ethnic minorities could secure mortgage loans only in certain areas, and it resulted in
8484-483: The state is demonstrated through various push and pull features, implemented through government subsidized investments, which certainly assisted the movement of white Americans into the suburbs after World War II . Since the 1960s, after the de-constitution of the inner cities, African-American or Black ghettos have attempted to reorganize or reconstitute; in effect, they are increasingly regarded as public- and state-dependent communities. Brownsville, for instance, initiated
8585-415: The suburbs, but not to rent apartments in cities. The United States began restructuring its economy after World War II, fueled by new globalizing processes, and demonstrated through technological advances and improvements in efficiency. The structural shift of 1973, during the post-Fordist era, became a large component to the racial ghetto and its relationship with the labor market. Sharon Zukin declares
8686-462: The term was coined. Urban areas in the U.S. can often be classified as "black" or "white", with the inhabitants primarily belonging to a homogenous racial grouping. This classification can be traced back as early as the year 1880 as African Americans were living in their own neighborhoods. Sixty years after the American civil rights movement of the 1950s and 1960s, most of the United States remains
8787-547: The territory occupied by the ancient Veneti before their incorporation by the Romans is uncertain. It included cities of the modern Veneto such as Este , Padua , Vicenza , Asolo , Oderzo , Montebelluna , Vittorio Veneto , Cadore , as well as other areas around the Po Delta . Venetic territory was incorporated into Cisalpine Gaul , and under Augustus was organized as the tenth region ( Regio X Venetia et Histria ) of Roman Italy . Regio X stretched geographically from
8888-465: The then-current domains of the Veneti. The territory of the Veneti came to the notice of the Greeks in the 4th c. BC. Strabo records that Dionysius I of Syracuse (c. 432–367 BC), desiring the famed horses of the Veneti, founded trading colonies along the Adriatic coast. The Sicilian tyrant favored the town of Adria as a trading partner, helping it build canals which linked it to the sea and broke
8989-657: The trading monopoly of Spina. In 303/302 BC the Lacedaemonian prince Cleonymus of Sparta led a fleet of mercenaries up the Brenta River intending on sacking Patavium . However, the Veneti fought back and the Spartan ships were captured and destroyed. The Veneti were in recurring conflict with the Celtic peoples who then occupied most of Northwestern Italy, although they maintained peaceful relations with
9090-553: The western terminus of the Montebelluna-Asolo tramway, the first element of a never built rail route between Bassano del Grappa and Susegana, which at the time represented an important development tool for the economy of the area. Since 2014 it has been connected to Montebelluna and Treviso by several bus lines of MOM - Mobilità di Marca. Adriatic Veneti The Veneti (sometimes also referred to as Venetici , Ancient Veneti or Paleoveneti to distinguish them from
9191-454: The world lived, studied, and worked in the converted convent in Asolo while earning their MBA. The CIMBA program has since been relocated to a larger campus in nearby Paderno del Grappa . As of December 31, 2022, foreigners residents in the municipality were 1,169, i.e. 13.1% of the population. The largest groups are shown below: Asolo is best known for its lace production. and also for one of
9292-458: Was Marco Cohen, who founded the Cantarini family, known for several of its members such as Hayyim Moses Cantarini , and others. Other documentations of the Jewish community of Asolo mentions the prohibition of Jews bearing weapons and obligation to wear the yellow badge . There is evidence to Jewish presence after the 1546 attack, dating from the middle of the 17th century. The Jewish quarter
9393-465: Was charged with administering and enforcing the law. Since housing discrimination became illegal, new housing opportunities were made available to the black community and many left the ghetto. Urban sociologists frequently title this historical event as "black middle class exodus", or black flight . Elijah Anderson describes a process by which members of the black middle class begin to distance themselves socially and culturally from ghetto residents during
9494-490: Was controversial during its period of use and was finally removed in 2021. In 2010, the Danish Ministry of Transport, Building and Housing introduced an official listing of vulnerable social housing districts where the inhabitants fulfilled certain criteria. The list has informally and at times formally been called Ghettolisten (the 'List of Ghettos'). Since 2010, the list has been updated annually, with changes in
9595-527: Was followed by large numbers of immigrants from Southern and Eastern Europe, including many Italians and Poles and Russians between 1880 and 1920. Jewish immigrants were part of the earliest German wave, as well as comprising numerous immigrants from Eastern Europe, the Russian Empire at the time. Most remained in their established immigrant communities, but by the second or third generation, many families were able to relocate to newer housing built in
9696-475: Was formed in Denmark, with Kaare Dybvad becoming housing minister. He stated that the new government would stop using the word "ghetto" for vulnerable housing areas, as it was both imprecise and derogatory. In a 2021 reform, the name was finally removed in legal texts by Parliament. Instead, a new category called "parallel societies" was instituted. In France , a banlieue ( French: [bɑ̃ljø] )
9797-512: Was later purchased by Florida , for the John and Mable Ringling Museum of Art . The theatre was disassembled, shipped to Sarasota, Florida , and reassembled in one of the museum's galleries in 1952. It was then decided that the theatre should be reassembled into a usable theatre, on the museum's grounds in the late 1950s. The Historic Asolo Theater opened in 1958, and is now the home of the museum's Art of Performance program. Additionally, this theater
9898-578: Was one near the site of that city's ghetto when it was founded in 1516). According to various other theories it comes from: Another possibility is from the Italian Egitto (' Egypt ', from Latin: Aegyptus ), possibly in memory of the exile of the Israelites in Egypt. The character of ghettos has varied through times. The term was used for an area known as the Jewish quarter, which meant
9999-526: Was originally used for the Venetian Ghetto in Venice, Italy , as early as 1516, to describe the part of the city where Jewish people were restricted to live and thus segregated from other people. However, other early societies may have formed their own versions of the same structure; words resembling ghetto in meaning appear in Hebrew , Yiddish , Italian , Germanic , Polish (since Poland's Warsaw had/has
10100-596: Was situated at the turn of Colmarion street, bounded on the north by the old road Colmarion, on the south by Piazza del Pavion and by the last stretch of via s. Caterina and crossed by the short Belvedere alley - this area was called "the Ghetto ", housing about six houses. For a number of years, the Convento di Santo Pietro (situated just below la Rocca) housed an American university: Consortium International for Management and Business Analysis (CIMBA) . Students from all over
10201-718: Was the birthing ground for the Asolo Repertory Theatre and the Florida State University/Asolo Conservatory for Actor Training . The town was also home to the English poet Robert Browning , the actress Eleonora Duse , the explorer Freya Stark , the violinist Wilma Neruda and the composer Gian Francesco Malipiero . The earliest evidence of Jews in Asolo dates back to the middle of the sixteenth century. At that time, 37 Jews were living in Asolo. The community had owned
#646353