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66-478: The village is located along the northern shore of the upper Lake Zürich ( Obersee ) between Jona and Schmerikon . Bollingen was part of the former municipality of Jona: On 1 January 2007 the former municipalities of Rapperswil and Jona merged to form the new political entity Rapperswil-Jona . Sandstone from Bollingen may have been used even in the Roman Empire era , but presumably Bollinger Sandstein

132-669: A circulation of the water occurs, often a visible lack of oxygen in July below a depth of 30 metres (98 ft) is observable, which lasts for several months. Following a 1978 inventory, in 1988 the University of Geneva took a second inventory of aquatic plants in the riparian zone of the entire lake area. The lake shore in the Canton of St. Gallen was divided into 50 portions of approximately 500 metres (1,640 ft) in length and described by 12 different parameters. The most important are

198-495: A handful of railway stations are present, such as Hurden , Rapperswil , Blumenau and Schmerikon ( Bollingen is closed since 2004). The line along the southern lake shore connecting Pfäffikon SZ , Altendorf , Lachen and Siebnen-Wangen in the canton of Schwyz, is provided by the Zurich S-Bahn lines S2 , S8 and S25 and IR35 . Buses are operated on both sides of the lake by the local Postauto providers and on

264-718: A lesser degree of Sägenbächlein, Wagner and Lehholz in Jona and the Linth with side channels in Schmerikon. Perennial systematic birdwatching and studies illustrate the importance of reed beds as an outstanding habitat for many bird species. Among the 15 most valuable ornithological reeds on Obersee include (Canton St. Gallen) Rapperswil Strandweg (rank 4), Bollingen Unter Stafflen (rank 7), Wurmsbach bay (rank 11), Wurmsbach nunnery (rank 12), and Schmerikoner Allmeind (rank 13). The extensive area of shallow water with its diverse flora and

330-474: A nature reserve. Together with an artificial island made of gravel, they form one of the most important waterfowl breeding areas. For this reason, fishing from the wooden bridge is prohibited, as is swimming and mooring boats in the area. Among the area around the Seedamm lake crossing and between Rapperswil and Busskirch , there are some more protected areas around Obersee. The Frauenwinkel protected area

396-426: A shallow section in the otherwise deep lake. Together these separate Lake Zürich into two parts, the larger lower lake to the north-west, and the smaller upper lake ( Obersee ) to the east. The artificial Seedamm uses a combination of artificial causeways and bridges to cross the shallow water between the tip of the peninsula to Rapperswil on the northern shore of the lake, and carries both road and rail links. To

462-472: A slight recovery. Lily as floating leaf plants covered on Untersee 0.4 ha, with a declining trend; in contrast, a doubling Obersee on 2 ha can be detected. 56 of the 61 species in the entire Zürichsee colonize the upper lake and the lower lake 34. Most frequently represented are the pondweed ( Potamogeton ); 24 species are considered rare, more than 15 very rarely. In fact, there are no more original riverside forests on lake shore, except on steep slopes like

528-459: Is a popular anchoring and bathing place, which represents a potential failure and thus a conflict with the high value of the shore habitats. Disorders also produce sport canoeists, leisure boats and surfboards that circulate too close to the shore. Very vulnerable with respect to disturbances mentioned are the valuable shore sections on both sides of the harbour at the Rapperswil lido. Therefore,

594-554: Is a quarry that mines Bollinger Sandstein . Bollinger Sandstein (German name) or Bollingen Sandstone is a sandstone found on Obersee lake shore, namely between Bollingen and Uznach and the Buechberg area, in the cantons of St. Gallen and Schwyz. Depending on the layer, the appearance and texture of the natural stone also varies, therefore distinct names have developed at the different mining locations: Güntliweid , Buechberg and Uznaberg . Bollinger-Lehholz sandstone

660-787: Is extracted and processed since 1000 AD. Among others it was used for the Grossmünster and Fraumünster churches in Zürich, as well as for the Einsiedeln and St. Gallen abbeys, or the Zunfthaus zur Meisen that was built in 1757 at the Münsterhof plaza in Zürich. In the European Middle Ages, the two settlements named Unterbollingen and Oberbollingen are mentioned as part of the later Herrschaft Rapperswil of

726-542: Is interrupted by settlement patterns and transport systems, the amphibians have declined in these landscapes. With regard to a cross-linking of priority areas by the lake with the backlands, the most important amphibian spawning areas have been identified in 1997. Amphibian spawning areas of national importance are situated at the Allmeind areas in Jona and Schmerikon. At the Joner Allmeind two endangered species on

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792-545: Is known for the " Tower " built there by Carl Gustav Jung . Another remarkable site is the nearby Wurmsbach Abbey . Bollingen was a railway station located about halfway between Bollingen village and the Wurmsbach Abbey , which closed in 2004 for economic reasons. It is located on the Rapperswil–Ziegelbrücke railway line in between Blumenau and Schmerikon stations. The railway building remained, but

858-456: Is larger than those of Frauenwinkel or of the Jona river and Wurmsbach stream. The present marshes only comprise a small fraction of the formerly extensive, extensively used reed and meadows which offered numerous animals and plants a wide habitat. Larger areas of the present nature reserve, such as the so-called Schüttinsel , were created on the deposits of non-recyclable residual material from

924-462: Is located inmidst the protected area Nuoler Ried on the southern shore of the lake. The adjacent nature reserve Wägitaler Aa is a breeding ground paradise for various rare species of birds. In 1949 a private pilot, a flight instructor and the aviation pioneer Alfred Comte entered into a lease agreement with the Genossame (cooperative) Wangen. On 29 June 1950 for the first time a plane landed on

990-654: Is mentioned around 1430, so-called Kilchweg in die Uffnow , meaning chorchgoing to the Ufnau island . During Old Zürich War in 1443 the bridge was set on fire, and as a result of the Second Battle of Villmergen in 1712, Hurden was reigned by the Protestant cantons of Zürich, Bern and Glarus. During the Helvetic Republic , in 1798, Hurden became part of the new established Distrikt Rapperswil in

1056-470: Is mined between Jona and Bollingen . Since the incidence even partly is mined within the Güntliweid–Bätzimatt nature reserve , Bollinger sandstone usually is extracted with wire saws that cut the stone vertically in up to 60 metres (197 ft) deep shafts. For example, the present Lehholz quarry dates back to 1252 AD when Rudolf II von Rapperswil founded the nearby Wurmsbach Abbey in Jona. It

1122-474: Is missing, no data are available. For the inventory of the national fen asset protection zones, the Canton of St. Gallen evaluated and proposed, in accordance with the provisions in the national fen regulation, appropriate buffer zones, among them as fens of national importance : the lakeshore marshes west of Busskirch , Joner Allmeind marshes, the lakeside read area east of Wurmsbach , reed at Schmerikon and

1188-453: Is now at 406 metres above sea level , while Obersee and Untersee differ by only 1 centimetre (0.39 in). The Seedamm between Rapperswil and Hurden was used since about 5,000 years as a historical lake crossing . Since the 1870s a partially artificial road causeway and two bridges were added, to cross the most narrow and flatbedded area of the lake, carrying a railway line and road from Rapperswil to Pfäffikon . Seedamm divides

1254-569: Is situated on the Seedamm area in Hurden . Its reed and marsh belt has a maximal width of about 1 kilometre (0.6 mi) from the west to the east and a length of about 1.5 kilometres (0.9 mi) from the north to the south. The lake area towards Lützelau and Ufenau islands it also part of the protected area of about 3.5 kilometres (2.2 mi). Landward there is reed vegetation with large and small sedge flora, rushes, Iris sibirica , and

1320-707: Is the missing, extensively used transition to riparian vegetation. Geotopes comprise geological outcrops, boulders and river delta formations. Geological rock outcrops, i.e. scenically striking rocky ridges are found in Fuchsberg and Stafflen in Jona, Heilig Hüsli in Rapperswil and the Hörnli glacial erratic in Oberbollingen . Extensive river deltas included that of the Jona and Aabach in Schmerikon , to

1386-550: Is to enforce these rules. Once a section of the Obersee area, the former easterly lake Tuggen was landed in the early 16th century AD and for the last time mentioned in 1535 AD. Parts of the former lake were situated in the Canton of Glarus , the larger western area in the canton of St. Gallen towards Uznach . In much earlier era, Obersee and Tuggenersee also were separated by the Buechberg hill, on those eastern side

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1452-544: The Canton of Linth , and in 1803 it was part of the new established Pfäffikon . In 1873 the Swiss federal parliament approved the construction of the today's stone dam and bridge. Beginning in 1990, luxurious villas were widely built in Hurden, which in part on newly reclaimed area created for and with a private harbour. In 2001 a new wooden footbridge was opened alongside the dam for the first 840 meters (2,760 ft) meters of

1518-634: The Counts of Rapperswil . The earliest document sealed at the Rapperswil Castle was related to the donation of the church of Unterbollingen to the Rüti Abbey , and also mentions among others a civitas of the town of Rapperswil as witnesses of Count Rudolf von Rapperswil in 1229. On the peninsula at Oberbollingen, a St. Nicholas Chapel is mentioned, where around 1229 a small Cistercian nunnery, later Premonstratensian convent associated with

1584-490: The Fuchsberger Horn where a species-rich forest with oak and pine trees breeds. Also worth mentioning is the small wooded area at the far end of the upper Bollingen peninsula. Outside of urban areas, the bank is often planted with different density and broad trees stocks. Extensive shore sections are occupied by large, private gardens and parks. Although often non-native and exotic shrubs and trees species occur and

1650-521: The Grynau Castle is situated. Hurden Hurden is a village in the municipality of Freienbach in the canton of Schwyz in Switzerland . First mentioned in 1217, the name "de Hurden" was used for the peninsula and for the fish traps made of woven work, called "Hürden" or "Hurden", which were used by the locals. The village of Hurden is located on a peninsula protruding from

1716-598: The Seedamm causeway was built in 1878, the Heilig Hüsli chapel was the only remaining structure of the prehistorical and medieval lake crossings. It stood isolated in the lake and was not accessible to visitors until the reconstruction of the former wooden bridge was erected in 2001. The lake and the small islands between the chapel, the timber piles of the Rapperswil–Hurden bridge and the Seedamm are designated as

1782-568: The Zürich S-Bahn line S40 and was served by S-Bahn S5 before the timetable revision of late 2015. In 1943 southern Hurden was divided by the construction of the Hurden ship canal , which connected the upper to the lower Lake Zürich. Now the ships of the Zürichsee-Schifffahrtsgesellschaft (ZSG) were able to pass from Lake Zürich to the upper Lake Zürich, and the peninsula actually was a real island which

1848-407: The bird reserves of national importance Güntliweid up to Bätzimatt at Buechberg . The reserve is located on the south lake shore, at the foothills of Buechberg, and extends from the south of Bätzimatt at Schmerikon to Güntliweid east of Lachen. It is considered as a particularly valuable resting place for waders , and may be obtained as resting place for waders on the train, although there

1914-401: The platforms have been removed. Since railway services were suspended, public transport was reduced to a bus service. Until December 2023, bus line 621 operated between Rapperswil and Buech/St. Dyonis (closest bus stop is Buechstr. West , a ca. 30 minute walk away from Bollingen village). Line 621 was subsumed into line 995, operated by Schneider Busbetriebe . The route was shortened and

1980-622: The Lake Zurich Navigation Company – provides with its 17-passenger ships touristic services on Lake Zurich and also on Obersee , as well as the much smaller Hensa AG, based in Rapperswil . Public transport over the Seedamm is provided by the Zurich S-Bahn lines S5 and S40 , and along the northern shore by St. Gallen S-Bahn services S6 and S17 and the Voralpen-Express , although just

2046-413: The Obersee besides the Linth and the much smaller Jona river . Obersee is characterized by its shallow depth and, compared to its volume, by the very large inflow from the Linth canal. The theoretical residence time of water in the upper lake at medium Linth inflow is thus only around 10 weeks. In the near-surface layers of water, a slight upward trend in average temperature has been observed, resulting in

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2112-581: The Red List ( Yellow-bellied toad and Pelophylax ) can be found in large to very large populations. Schmerikoner Allmeind is home to the same two endangered species. For both areas the preservation and promotion of natural corridors are required, and in Schmerikon along the Linth and the side channels a large-scale networking with Kaltenbrunner Riet and other protected areas in the Linthebene region. The few existing inventory data are compiled by

2178-703: The Rüti Abbey was established by the Counts of Rapperswil; in 1267 it was united with the nearby Mariazell Wurmsbach Abbey . In 1519 a new church in honor of St. Pancras was inaugurated in Unterbollingen. After the Reformation in Zürich the church was acquired by the city of Rapperswil to be united with the Heiliggeistspital , but since 1871 it is a parish church for its own. Bollingen

2244-585: The cantons of St. Gallen and Schwyz . Zürichsee was formed by the Linth river , which rises in the glaciers of the Glarus Alps . In 1811 the Escher canal was completed, which diverted the Linth river into Walensee (Lake Walen) from where its waters are carried to the east end of Obersee by the Linth canal (completed in 1816), and separated by the Buechberg hill. No other streams of importance flow into

2310-434: The city of Zurich therefore regularly examine the quality of these two lakes. The neighboring cantons of Zurich, Schwyz, Glarus and St. Gallen participate in the monitoring costs. Since the early 1970s the water quality has greatly improved thanks to extensive restructuring measures. Almost all residents in the 1,740 square kilometres (672 sq mi) large catchment area are connected to sewage plants. Although every spring

2376-420: The competent fisheries overseer respectively a report in 1993. This is a rough, spatially highly generalized statement to the spawning grounds of Northern pike , Coregonus and Coregonus zugensis (commonly Albeli ). In addition to these specific fishing information, ecological data and studies on the other species of fish and their habitat requirements, but also to other creatures, such as crabs and mussels

2442-631: The crossing. It was built in quite the same place as the original bridge linking Rapperswil with the nearby bridge chapel ( Heilig Hüsli ). Located on Obersee lakeshore in Hurden and situated at the Seedamm isthmus between the Zürichsee and the Obersee lake area, the area was in close vicinity to the prehistoric lake crossings , neighbored by four Prehistoric pile dwelling settlements: Freienbach–Hurden Rosshorn , Freienbach–Hurden Seefeld , Seegubel and Rapperswil-Jona–Technikum . Because

2508-513: The decline of the reed banks and the increase in interference from recovery operations and water sports on the lake shore, the number of breeding pairs is constantly decreasing. Today the Great reed warbler is acutely threatened. According to the Red List of endangered species in Switzerland, it is listed in the top risk category of disappearing birds whose survival in Switzerland is unlikely if

2574-729: The grass runway of the airfield. Since 1957 also seaplanes use the lake shore area, being today – the Ad Astra Aero airport at Zürichhorn was closed around 1931 – the last water airfield in Switzerland. The airfield track has been paved in 1967, and the airport is equipped with a VASI approach aid. The boat density on the lake is by far the highest in Switzerland: around 3,000 private boats (1.44 boats per hectare) according to studies of 1978/79 and 1.21 boats per hectare in 1972 on an area of 20.8 square kilometres (8.0 sq mi) resulting in considerable disturbances to wildlife and

2640-477: The late 2nd century AD when the Roman Empire built 6 meters (20 ft) wide wooden bridge under Empire Marcus Aurelius (161-180). Historians mention a 10th-century ferry station assumably at the so-called Einsiedlerhaus in Rapperswil – in 981 AD as well as the vineyard on the Lindenhof hill – between Kempraten on lake shore, Lützelau and Ufenau island and assumably present Hurden, which allowed

2706-506: The lawns usually are intensively cultivated, the upstream water habitats often form relatively low-noise buffer areas to the underlying recreation, transport and settlement areas. At several banks sections butt agricultural meadows and pastures directly to the water. However, the upper Bollingen peninsula is the only major agricultural area with lake access. All remaining grasslands have less than 50 metres (164 ft) lake access and are usually relatively little interference. A disadvantage often

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2772-401: The lower lake area yet been demonstrated. A comparison of aerial photographs from 1954 and 1987 shows in most shore sections of the machining area a significant decrease in the reed beds. The reed area has increased from 1978 to 1987 in the upper lake from 15 to 16 ha. It can be concluded that the reed banks are mostly declined in the 1960s and 1970s, but that since then at a low level takes place

2838-451: The marinecontrol regulations prohibit to motorboats shore independent movements within the 150 metres (492 ft) zone and slow driving within the 300 metres (984 ft) zone. For sailboats and motorboats a minimum distance of 25 metres (82 ft) from reeds and water lilies when anchoring and sailing. Individual bank sections are marked with yellow buoys, which means that these zones are closed to all vessels. The maritime police's mission

2904-460: The nearby gravel extraction. Schmerikoner Ried is a reed located on the northeastern lake shore in the Linthebene area towards the Grynau Castle . The protected area was set under federal protection as a low-moor bog of national importance (German: Bundesinventar der Flachmoore von nationaler Bedeutung ) in 1994. On the southwestern side, between Grynau and Lachen there is namely

2970-463: The northeastern lake shore. From Tuggen there's also a historical road heading from the former granary at the Grynau Castle over the Buechberg hill towards Siebnen . In general, the southern side of the lake is not as developed for tourism, although the Lachen lido is very popular. Also often frequented is the lido of Schmerikon at the Linth canal's estuary. The private airfield Wangen-Lachen

3036-671: The northeastern shore by the Verkehrsbetriebe Zürichsee und Oberland , respectively, in addition to local buses within Rapperswil-Jona . The pathway between Rapperswil and Schmerikon , and the wooden bridge in the Seedamm area are very popular for hiking, as well as the 'fishing village' Hurden on its southern side is often frequented by tourists. Knie's Kinderzoo situated on lake shore in Rapperswil, Busskirch , Wurmsbach Abbey and Bollingen in Jona towards Schmerikon are other points of interests on

3102-639: The northwestern part of the Seedamm area. The four neighbouring Prehistoric settlements , as well as the early lake crossings, are part of the UNESCO World Heritage Site Prehistoric Pile dwellings around the Alps , including also the settlements Freienbach–Hurden Rosshorn and Freienbach–Hurden Seefeld . Around 1523 BC, also the first lake crossings on Obersee between Rapperswil and Hurden were discovered in 2001, followed by several reconstructions at least until

3168-454: The pilgrims towards Einsiedeln to cross the lake before the prehistoric bridge at the Seedamm isthmus was re-built. By 1358, ferry services between Rapperswil and Hurden are mentioned. Between 1358 and 1360, Rudolf IV, Duke of Austria , built a wooden bridge across the lake that has been used to 1878 – measuring approximately 1,450 meters (4,760 ft) in length and 4 meters (13 ft) wide. A small wooden bridge from Ufenau island to Hurden

3234-400: The plants environmental information on aquatic plants (macrophytes), divided into reeds, floating plants and submerged vegetation (pondweed and stoneworts). The dense vegetation zones are generally between 1 metre (3.3 ft) and 4 metres (13.1 ft) up to 5 metres (16.4 ft) depth. Instead of nutrients there is a high a load with floating mineral particles which prevents colonization of

3300-441: The plumage change frequent disruptions for waterfowl can have deadly consequences. Also important are the widest possible retreat as cover for frightened animals. Many of the most attractive landscapes shore of Zürichsee are located in the section of the Canton of St. Gallen. Accordingly, there is rush of boats from the lower lake area, i.e. west of the Seedamm isthmus, on nice summer days. The environmentally sensitive Wurmsbach bay

3366-482: The rare Gentiana pneumonanthe . In certain places even transition and high marsh occurs. In the nature reserve there are European rarities, among them Phengaris alcon , Eurasian curlew and Gentiana pneumonanthe , as well as Ruspolia nitidula , a small snail. Nuoler Ried is a reed located on the north end of a large plane that was filled by the Wägitaler Aa and Spreitenbach streams. This delta

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3432-458: The reed area in front of HSR area and Knie's Kinderzoo in Rapperswil . Fens of regional and local importance include the reed area east of the Busskirch church, the reed area south of Hessenhof, the small area at the parking side of the Jona mouth ( Stampf ), the embankment and so-called Kormoraninsel at Stampf , as well as the bay to the west of the upper Bollingen peninsula. After

3498-513: The riparian vegetation by the private boat traffic, as well as by the airfield. Disturbance sensitive species are those which have a large flight distance, such as Grebes and Little grebes , Common moorhen , Water rail , Gadwall and Tufted duck . These animals leave in disorders rapidly their habitat, return either not or return with some delay, only after elimination of the fault. The flight distance when passing motor and sailing boats can be up to 500 metres (1,640 ft). During

3564-405: The sea floor in greater depths. The grade of colonization of the shallow water zone has risen again since the last observation in 1978, which is directly related to the increase in the maximum colonization zone. The vegetation consists four-fifths of submerged plants and only about one-fifth of emerging plants. The latter includes the reedbed: In 1850 90 hectares (222 acres) of reed beds were alone in

3630-643: The ship canal. At Hurden also the Frauenwinkel protected area is situated. Its name origins from a donation by the emperor Otto I in 965 AD to the pin Unserer lieben Frau ( Our Lady ) to the Einsiedeln Abbey . The village is transited by the Rapperswil–Pfäffikon railway line and by a major road, both of which cross the Seedamm . Hurden railway station , in the village, is served by

3696-469: The smaller southeastern upper ( Obersee ) lake area measures 20.8 square kilometres (8.0 sq mi), separated by the Seedamm causeway, a Molasse formation connecting Rapperswil with the Hurden peninsula. Before 1951 the annual water level fluctuated more than 1 metre (3.3 ft), but since then the water level is strictly regulated and therefore between summer and winter differs an average of 40 centimetres (15.7 in). The average lake level

3762-405: The southeastern section of lower Zürichsee and Obersee , connected by the Hurden canal at Hurden, where also the Frauenwinkel protected area is situated. That bigger part of the Zürichsee to the west of the Seedamm, is largely situated in the canton of Zurich , smaller parts in the cantons of Schwyz and St. Gallen ( Kempraten and Rapperswil ), whilst the upper lake is shared just between

3828-418: The southern shore of Lake Zürich at its narrowest point. The peninsula has its origin in the retreat of the Linth glacier at the end of the last glacial period when Lake Zürich was formed. This retreat left a moraine across the valley now occupied by Lake Zürich. The higher southern section of this moraine extends above the lake's water level and forms the peninsula, whilst the lower northern section forms

3894-421: The still widespread shore trees play an extremely important role for many bird species, both as food, breeding and resting place. A critical phase in the evolution of birds is the time of moulting , during which they are more or less incapable of flying and depending on quiet water areas. The Reed warblers inhabit the seaward edges of the reed belts and need significantly more space than other reed birds. Due to

3960-419: The temperature stratification of the lake being more stable much longer into late summer. The increasingly warm winters result in incomplete mixing of lake water to the depths. The Walensee and Obersee are the main water suppliers for Zürichsee which is used in turn for more than a million inhabitants as drinking water storage. To ensure the quality of the drinking water supply, the water supply authorities of

4026-415: The threats continue. In Obersee area are three important resting places of waders: Joner Allmeind annually depending on the water level in spring and autumn, Rapperswil in winter and Schmerikoner Allmeind in spring and autumn. Many amphibian species are dependent on both natural waters for spawning, as well as on adjacent food and wintering areas. Because the connection between these two partial habitats

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4092-424: The west of the Seedamm, there is a wooden bridge for pedestrians ( Holzbrücke Rapperswil-Hurden ), which was built in 2001 as a reconstruction of the first bridge between eastern and western lakesides. Since the construction of the Hurden ship canal , across the base of the peninsula, the natural peninsula has been transformed into an artificial island. The Sternenbrücke bridge carries both road and railway across

4158-415: The western terminus became Jona . As of December 2023, the bus route is as follows: Obersee (Z%C3%BCrichsee) The Obersee ("upper lake") is the smaller of the two parts of Zürichsee (Lake Zurich) in the cantons of St. Gallen and Schwyz in Switzerland . Zürichsee is the common name for the lower ( Untersee ) northwestern section of 68.2 square kilometres (26.3 sq mi), while

4224-678: Was built in 1757 with stone from the Buechberg quarry. It was also used for the Fraumünster and Grossmünster churches in Zurich, as well as for the Einsiedeln and St. Gallen abbeys. Almost 2,000 cubic metres (70,629 cu ft) of sandstone still are mined (as of 2004) annually, usually 5 metres (16 ft) wide and about 3.5 metres (11 ft) high blocks weighing approximately 16 tonnes, even up to 25 tonnes. Cantons : SZ , SG . The Zürichsee-Schifffahrtsgesellschaft –

4290-535: Was cut off from the mainland. The Sternenbrücke bridge, across the Hurden ship canal, was renewed between March 15 and November 2010 to allow 40 ton trucks to cross the Seedamm. Archaeological relicts have been found at the Technikum island settlement , and the remains of a first wooden bridge (1523 BC, reconstructed in 2001) to Hurden located on the Obersee lakeshore nearby the so-called Heilig Hüsli at

4356-479: Was transferred with oxen to the lake shore transshipping point to be shipped with so-called Ledi boats towards the present Sechsläutenplatz Zurich far into the 19th century. Particularly the present municipality of Zurich used the Bollingen quarries for the construction of countless public and private buildings, for example, the cathedral towers and the city fortifications, or the Zunfthaus zur Meisen that

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