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107-591: The entire ZVV S-Bahn network went into operation in May 1990, although many of the lines were already in operation. Unusual among rapid transit services, the Zurich S-Bahn provides first class commuter travel ; about a quarter of seats on each train are first class. Before the construction of the Zurich S-Bahn, most trains to Zurich terminated at Zürich Hauptbahnhof (literally Zurich Main Station ), apart from

214-603: A 380 kilometres (236 miles) rail network, and peak hour express trains were added. The first stage of the expansion addressed the chronic overcrowding of trains on the S12 route between Dietikon and Zurich, requiring improvements in the Limmat valley. The widening of the railway to four tracks between Dietikon and Killwangen allowed the separation of the S-Bahn from the long-distance and freight services. The new S3 service introduced as

321-530: A chosen number of zones can be used freely with a ticket that is valid for a certain amount of time (one hour, 24 hours, 1 month, 1 year).   The system was established in May 1990 as a unified fare system with a coordinated local train network. Local train lines were prefixed with the letter S ( S-Bahn ) to form the Zurich S-Bahn network. A proof-of-payment fare system is in force on all ZVV vehicles. Fare gates are not used, but those caught without

428-413: A company to build and operate a Zurich U-Bahn . The city had already considered such a proposal and opposed it, on the basis that Zurich was not big enough for an underground railway, and it would cost too much. In a referendum on 14 February 1960, 69.8% of voters voted "no" to the proposal. Following further work and the enactment of a new transport act, the regional public transport authorities presented

535-478: A holding exceeding 3%. Flughafen Zürich AG used the brand name Unique from 2000 until 2010. The company has stakes in various other airports around the world. The airport has three airside piers, which are known as terminals A, B , and E (also signposted as Gates A, B/D , and E ). These are linked to a central air-side building called Airside Centre , built-in 2003. Alongside the Airside Centre ,

642-457: A letter to his counterparts, as did the governments of the cantons of Eastern and Central Switzerland and Ticino a month later. The National Council and Council of States followed this view and on 22 June 1945 approved the "Federal Decree on the Expansion of Civil Airports". Basel , Bern and Geneva were to receive smaller continental airports and be supported with a 30 percent share of

749-442: A new proposal for a combined regional U-Bahn and S-Bahn system, with the latter being a railway network centred on a tunnel under the city centre, which would connect to existing suburban railway lines. From Zurich Airport , an U-Bahn line would run via Glattbrugg , Oerlikon , Hirschenwiesen, Central, Zürich Hauptbahnhof , Stauffacher and Altstetten to Dietikon . Much of the line would have run above ground. The second part of

856-532: A new route between the Hauptbahnhof and Oerlikon station . Unlike the existing two routes between the stations, the Weinberg tunnel would approach the Hauptbahnhof from the east, allowing trains to run between the western and northern lines without bypassing the central station. This route was known as Durchmesserlinie Zürich , and was for use of both long-distance and S-Bahn trains. The project also included

963-497: A new station at Mellingen . On 10 December 2006, S15 was opened between Rapperswil and Birmensdorf following line improvements. It was extended from Birmensdorf to Affoltern am Albis on 9 December 2007. South of Zurich sections of the Sihltalbahn were doubled. On the rural feeder lines around Winterthur ( S33 to Schaffhausen , S35 to Wil and S41 to Bülach ) services were increased to run every half hour. The S8

1070-468: A purely grass airfield with a four-runway system without taxiways to a three-runway system with paved taxiways. The staggered design meant that it was possible to react to changes without having to impose a complete halt to construction. Construction works finally began on 5 May 1946 with the diversion of the Altbach stream. The 1,900 m (6,234 ft) long West Runway 10/28 was the first runway which

1177-434: A redimensioned expansion project. The blind runway was to be only 3700 m long, the western runway 2500 m; the construction of the finger docks was abandoned. Thus the canton's share of the project to be approved was only CHF 49.1 million. The government paid far more attention to the aircraft noise. On 6 July 1958, voters approved the project by 107,050 votes to 56,872 (yes share 65.3%), with a 65.6% share. Due to time pressure -

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1284-526: A reduction in travel time. On 30 May 1959 some voters put two proposals to the Zurich ciry council. The first would have allocated CHF 200,000 for a study on the construction of a two-line U-bahn (underground railway) with lines from Enge to Kloten and from Altstetten to Tiefenbrunnen ; but it was opposed by the majority of the City Council and failed. The second motion proposed the establishment of

1391-676: A referendum at the same time as the expansion bill. After the Cantonal Council had approved both bills in July 1970, the referendum was held on 27 September 1970. The proposal for expansion was approved by 103,867 votes to 64,192 (61.8% yes), and the Aircraft Noise Act by 134,501 votes to 32,590 (80.5% yes). The following year, the Federal Assembly approved a federal contribution of 240.3 million. Construction work on

1498-519: A result complemented the S12 service, to provide a train every 15 minutes on the route. At the same time the sections of the S9 route via Knonau were upgraded to allow services to be increased to each half hour. Services on the north side of Lake Zurich were increased with trains provided every 15 minutes by S6 , S7 and S16 services. A new station was opened at Glanzberg between Dietikon and Schlieren. Under

1605-542: A separate civil airport in the partially forested moorland area of the armoury situated between Kloten and Oberglatt . In August 1943, the Federal Military Department declared its agreement to abandon the armoury as a matter of principle "in the higher national interest". Locher & Cie submitted "Project I" to the Government on 31 December 1943. Four runways were planned and together with

1712-445: A substantial upgrade of commuter services. On the other hand, the canton of Zurich could not fund an alternative transport network. The first step towards cooperation came in 1978 with the establishment of a Transport Fund providing CHF 40 million annually for urban transport. The routes of today's S-Bahn were established in a debate in the cantonal Council on 19 June 1978. Alternative "eastern" and "western" options were discussed. Under

1819-569: A third set of underground platforms under Zürich Hauptbahnhof , a new elevated route through the western approaches and two extra platforms at Oerlikon. Breakthrough of the new Weinberg Tunnel was achieved in November 2010, and it was opened to traffic on the 14 June 2014. On the same date, the new platforms, also known as the Löwenstrasse station, were opened. Whilst the other works are still outstanding and expected to be completed in 2015,

1926-684: A total of 157 were found. The costs for "Project IV", estimated at CHF 59.5 million in 1946, had risen to CHF 106 million by the time the civil engineering works under "Project VII" were completed in July 1949. Both chambers of the Federal Assembly concluded the political review with the "Federal Decree on the Payment of Additional Federal Contributions to the Construction of Zürich-Kloten Airport" of 29 September 1949. The Federation contributed CHF 27.1 million and doubled its contribution to

2033-433: A two-storey transverse hall on the landside of the airport, on the two main floors of which arriving and departing passengers were functionally separated. For cost reasons, the federal government demanded considerable redimensioning, which led to an open dispute about the preferred design. When the conflict, described by the media as a "war of experts", threatened to escalate, President Willy Spühler invited representatives of

2140-544: A valid ticket during a random inspection face a minimum fine of CHF 100. The ZVV system uses an integrated a ticket network. The zones are numbered 110–184; the numbers 180–184 designates zones outside of the canton's border. Passengers purchase a base ticket for particular zones. Upgrades and extension tickets are available as supplements. Trips by fast trains and regional trains by any operator, such as ICN , InterCity (IC), InterRegio (IR), RegioExpress (RE), regional (R) lines, and even international railways are part of

2247-496: Is 2033. The replacement will be built largely of sustainable wood and be used for photovoltaics, thus making a major contribution to the airport's CO2 reduction strategy. The airport is owned by Flughafen Zürich AG , a company quoted on the SIX Swiss Exchange . Major shareholders include the canton of Zürich , with 33.33% plus one of the shares, and the city of Zürich , with 5% of the shares. No other shareholder has

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2354-669: Is also known as the midfield terminal or Dock E. It is a stand-alone satellite terminal located on the opposite side of runway 10/28 from the Airside Centre , and is situated between runways 16/34 and 14/32. It is entirely used by non-Schengen international flights and became operational on 1 September 2003. It is connected to the Airside Centre by the Skymetro , an automated underground people mover . Zurich Airport has three runways: 16/34 of 3,700 m (12,100 ft) in length, 14/32 of 3,300 m (10,800 ft) in length, and 10/28 of 2,500 m (8,200 ft) in length. For most of

2461-486: Is currently used by service S6. [REDACTED] Media related to S-Bahn Zürich at Wikimedia Commons ZVV The Zürcher Verkehrsverbund ( ZVV , Zurich Transport Network ) is the largest public transportation network in Switzerland. It covers the canton of Zurich and adjacent areas. All modes of public transportation ( rail , light rail , bus , trolleybus , lake passenger liner , funicular ) within

2568-699: Is supported by the government of Zurich and the majority of political parties. The following airlines offer regular scheduled and charter flights at Zurich Airport: Zürich Flughafen railway station is located underneath the Airport Centre . The station has frequent Zürich S-Bahn services, plus direct InterRegio , InterCity , and Eurocity services, to many places including Basel , Bern , Biel/Bienne , Brig , Geneva , Konstanz , Lausanne , Lucerne , Munich , Romanshorn , St. Gallen , and Winterthur . There are some 13 trains per hour to Zürich HB (Hauptbahnhof), Zürich's main city centre station, with

2675-694: The Schengen Area , including Switzerland domestic flight to Geneva. Since its expansion in 1982–1985, it takes the form of a finger pier, directly connected at one end to the Airside Centre . Terminal A was scheduled to be torn down and replaced by an entirely new facility from 2021. However, in the wake of the COVID-19 pandemic the start of the project has been postponed for at least three years. Terminal B contains gates prefixed B and D. It opened in 1975 and reopened in November 2011 after an extensive three-year reconstruction. Like terminal A, it takes

2782-695: The Sihltal Zürich Uetliberg Bahn lines which terminated at Zürich Selnau . Originally built as a west-facing terminus, the Hauptbahnhof acted as a terminus for trains coming from all directions. It was connected to lines to the north and northeast via the Wipkingen Tunnel and Zürich Oerlikon railway station . The Hauptbahnhof was also connected via the Letten Tunnel to the Lake Zurich right-bank railway line to

2889-553: The Federation 33% and the canton of Zürich 7%. The project comprised the Zürich Flughafen railway station under Terminal B (on which construction had been underway since 1971) and a new line between Bassersdorf and Glattbrugg . After nine years of construction, the ceremonial opening of the airport line took place on 29 May 1980. In the second half of the 1970s, the volume of traffic continued to rise sharply, so

2996-473: The Federation and the cantons to a conference on 9 December 1963. During the conference, FIG's airport planners and the canton of Zürich prevailed against the federal government. The canton only had to make concessions for the commercial parts of the project, such as the restaurant wing. The dispatch of the Federal Council, submitted on 1 March 1965, requested a federal contribution of 23.1 million to

3103-594: The Liberation of Palestine (PFLP) attacked El Al flight 432 , firing Kalashnikov assault rifles at the Boeing 720 B whilst it prepared for takeoff. The Shin Bet employee Mordechai Rachamim fired back with his pistol and killed the terrorist Abdel Mohsen Hassan. The three remaining assassins were each sentenced to twelve years in prison. The aircraft's co-pilot subsequently died of his injuries. The attack marked

3210-516: The PFLP obtained the release of the three terrorists convicted in Switzerland and other comrades-in-arms imprisoned abroad through coordinated hijackings. Flights affected were SR 100 (Zurich– New York ), TWA flight TW741, Pan Am flight PA93 and BOAC flight BA775. In January 1969, the Zürich's Cantonal Council approved a loan for preparatory work for the third stage of expansion. The project that

3317-419: The S-Bahn. In the longer term, a vision for 2030 named Projekt S-Bahn 2G includes the development of two types of S-Bahn services and trains. Inner services will operate every 15 minutes, and will be provided by single-deck trains, so that passengers can embark and disembark quickly. Outer express services will operate every half-hour, stopping at all stations in the outer area but only at principal stations in

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3424-470: The air traffic control building and railway station). Since this project was hardly different from the "super airport" rejected in 1957, criticism was immediately voiced again by the "Protection Association of the Population around Zurich Airport" (SBFZ) and the community of Höri , which was located directly in the approach corridor. The SBFZ even demanded the resumption of the central airport concept that

3531-520: The air traffic control facilities. For its part, the Cantonal Council granted a supplementary credit on 13 February 1950. This was accepted by the voters on 7 May 1950 with 73,551 votes to 59,088 (yes share of 55.45%). The new terminal opened in 1953 with a large air show that ran for three days. In 1947, the airport handled 133,638 passengers on 12,766 airline flights; in 1952, 372,832 passengers on 24,728 airline flights. Locher & Cie

3638-438: The airline's assets were subsequently sold to become Swiss International Air Lines , the airport lost a large volume of traffic. After Lufthansa took control of Swiss International Air Lines in 2005, traffic began to grow again. On 18 October 2001, Germany and Switzerland signed a treaty regarding the limitation of flights over Germany. Under the terms of this treaty, any incoming aircraft after 22:00 had to approach Zurich from

3745-589: The beginning of a discussion about airport security that had never been raised until then in Switzerland. On 21 February 1970, a parcel bomb exploded in Swissair's Convair CV-990 on the flight SR330 (Zurich– Tel Aviv ). In the crash near Würenlingen all 47 people on board were killed. Investigations revealed that a PFLP terrorist group had carried out the bomb attack. The actual target, however, had been an El Al flight from Munich to Tel Aviv, whose mail had been sent with Swissair to Zurich due to long delays. In 1970,

3852-503: The buildings the required area was 472 hectares (1,170 acres). Without the purchase of land, the project would have cost CHF 87 million. The government found the costs too high and ordered a revision. The "Project II" of 29 April 1944 still provided for an area of 290 hectares (720 acres) at a cost of CHF 65 million, but the government council demanded a further reduction. For "Project III" of 31 July 1944, CHF 54.4 million and 215 hectares (530 acres) were required. The project nevertheless met

3959-573: The buildings to the newly founded "Flughafen-Immobilien-Gesellschaft" (FIG), a mixed-economy public limited company in which the public sector held half of the shares (canton of Zürich 22.5%, city of Zürich 18%, " Zürcher Kantonalbank " 5%, city of Winterthur 3.6% and municipality of Kloten 0.9%). The FIG took over projects that had been started and was thus able to hand over the completed "shipyard I" to Swissair for use as early as late autumn 1948, followed by offices for Swissair's technical departments, which were finally able to leave Dübendorf by

4066-627: The canton control of the new airfield. Construction of the airport began the following year. Initial plans for the airport, as laid out in the Federal Government's scheme of 1945, were centred on facilities capable of handling international airline traffic. Aircraft of up to 80 tonnes were envisaged. The primary runway was to be designed for use in all weather conditions and at night, with a 400-metre (1,300 ft)-wide hard surface running to 3,000 metres (9,800 ft) in length. Additional 100-metre (330 ft) areas were to be provided on

4173-529: The canton of Zürich, the FIG and Swissair worked out a project for the fourth construction phase. On 28 September 1980, with 142,240 to 104,775 votes (57.6%), Zürich voters accepted a loan of CHF 48 million for civil engineering works, which were part of the forthcoming construction work. Also in 1980, the Federal Office of Civil Aviation published a new airport concept, which replaced that of 1945. The focus

4280-410: The construction of the airport according to plans by Alfred and Heinrich Oeschger in November 1950. At the beginning of 1951, the piling work for the terminal building began, the construction work took about two years. With the opening on 9 April 1953, the shanty town could be abandoned. The new building consisted of a central passenger wing, flanked by a restaurant and an office wing. In addition there

4387-567: The construction of the core of the S-Bahn. The following changes were made: On 27 May 1990, the S-Bahn was brought into operation and the Zürcher Verkehrsverbund (Zurich Transport Network) began operations. For the first time, one could travel on trains, buses and trams with just one ticket. Despite "teething problems", passenger numbers increased rapidly. Since the opening of the S-Bahn, travel volumes have increased by about 60%. In several stages, S-Bahn services were expanded to

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4494-417: The construction project. The additional credit of 25.8 million was accepted by Zurich voters on 7 December 1975 with 178,723 to 87,303 votes (67.2% yes). The canton supplemented this credit with ordinary and extraordinary budget credits from the building department. In March 1976 the Federal Assembly approved an additional federal contribution of 39.7 million. As the centrepiece of the third stage, runway 14/32

4601-488: The costs. The Zurich project was granted the status of an intercontinental airport and the highest possible subsidy rate of 35 percent. Switzerland's federal parliament decided in 1945 that Zürich was to be the site of a major airport, and sold 655 hectares (1,620 acres) of the Kloten-Bülach Artillery Garrison ( German : Artillerie-Waffenplatz Kloten-Bülach ) to the canton of Zurich, giving

4708-464: The damaged western runway, which had to be closed for two and a half months in the summer of 1985 for this purpose. Fingerdock A was put into operation on 1 November 1985, and the new 41 m high control tower on 29 April 1986. There were also plans to expand the airport's cargo facilities. However, a corresponding loan of CHF 57 million was narrowly rejected in the referendum of 6 September 1987 by 106,722 to 98,663 votes (52.0% against). The project, which

4815-548: The day and follow a strict, regular timetable. This is known in the German speaking world as a Taktfahrplan , or clock-face scheduling in English. There may be additional trains during peak periods, and a reduced frequency in the evenings and/or at weekends. Timely connecting services often exist at junction stations . Non-stop between Stadelhofen and Uster, Uster and Wetzikon, Rapperswil and Pfäffikon SZ. During weekends, in

4922-463: The day and in most conditions, runway 14 is used for landings and runways 16 and 28 are used for takeoffs, although different patterns are used early morning and in the evenings. Zurich voters approved the extension of two runways at Zurich Airport on March 3, 2024. The extension of runway 28 by 400 metres (1,300 ft) to the west and runway 32 by 280 metres (920 ft) to the north is expected to increase safety and reduce noise pollution. The project

5029-500: The distance of 36 kilometres (22 miles) reduced from the previous 60 to 40 minutes. The most striking feature of the improved railway was the three-car claret-coloured RABDe 12/12 electric multiple units . These had good acceleration and braking performance and immediately became known as "Mirages", after the jet fighters . The modern features of the Mirages included automatically closing doors, which allowed short stops at stations and

5136-560: The domestic service to Geneva . Etihad Regional blamed the failure of its expansion on the behavior of competitors, especially Swiss International Air Lines , as well as the Swiss aviation authorities. Following the demolition of some office buildings, the construction of the new baggage sorting facilities between the Operations Center and Terminal 1 began in spring 2018 with a total investment of CHF 500 million. As of 2020,

5243-554: The early years of aviation, the Dübendorf Air Base, located around 9 km (5.6 mi) southeast of Zurich Airport, also served as the city's commercial airfield. The need for a dedicated commercial facility led to the search for a location to build a replacement airport. In 1939, civil air traffic had to be suspended at the outbreak of the Second World War for military strategic reasons. Although Swissair

5350-441: The east to land on runway 28, which, unlike the airport's other runways, was not equipped with an instrument landing system . A month later, at 22:06 on 24 November, an inbound Crossair Avro RJ100 using this approach in conditions of poor visibility crashed into a range of hills near Bassersdorf and exploded, killing 24 of the 33 people on board. The flight had originally been scheduled to land on runway 14 before 22:00, but it

5457-399: The end of April 1949. Further workshops, the striking arched hangar and the "Heating Centre I" for the heat supply were completed by the end of 1949. Based on "Project V", the terminal building had already been designed as a convex building at the airport head in mid-1946. In the following four years, a total of 24 feasible airport project designs were submitted, before the FIG commissioned

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5564-582: The end of its journey, in order to terminate at Waldshut station in Germany. [REDACTED] Further improvements are envisaged, including two additional tracks at Oerlikon railway station, a passing loop in Pfäffikon and adjustments at various stations. Further improvements in the corridor between the airport and Winterthur are being developed as part of the second stage of Rail 2000 for long-distance trains, which would require further adjustments for

5671-492: The establishment of the S-Bahn was the establishment of the so-called Gold Coast Express (German: Goldküstenexpress ) on 26 May 1968 between Zurich Stadelhofen and Rapperswil via Meilen along the wealthy north shore of Lake Zurich , popularly known as the Gold Coast . This development came about because, after World War II , there was a rapid expansion of commuting to Zurich from the former wine-growing villages along

5778-543: The extension of the blind runway to 4000 m and the western runway to 3150 m, as well as the extension of the buildings. Opponents described the "super airport Kloten" as a "luxury" and criticised that the canton had "lost every measure". Another issue that planners had completely neglected until then was the aircraft noise. With a high turnout of 72.3%, the expansion project failed in the cantonal referendum of 23 June 1957 with 97,603 votes to 83,196 (no vote of 54.0%). Just four days later, Zürich's cantonal government commissioned

5885-457: The fare network as long as they stop within the fare network's borders. The zone system approach has been adopted by many other fare networks in Switzerland, such as libero (fare network) in cantons of Bern and Solothurn , and OSTWIND in Thurgau , St. Gallen , Glarus , both Appenzells ( AI and AR ), and Fürstentum Liechtenstein . For journeys just beyond ZVV's borders, some zones of

5992-471: The following nighttime S-Bahn services existed: Two Zurich S-Bahn services cross the international border into Germany . Service S9 crosses German territory between Rafz and Schaffhausen (both in Switzerland), calling at the German stations of Lottstetten and Jestetten . These two stations are located entirely on German soil, but all the infrastructure belongs to SBB. Service S36 crosses the border at

6099-405: The form of a finger pier directly connected at one end to the Airside Centre . Since reconstruction, it can accommodate both Schengen and non-Schengen flights at the same gates. Each gate has two numbers, one prefixed B and the other D, but with different passenger routes to and from the gates to separate the flows of Schengen and non-Schengen passengers. Terminal E contains gates prefixed E and

6206-545: The former Glarner Sprinter , a two-hourly train service from Zürich Hauptbahnhof to Linthal , was replaced with a new hourly S-Bahn service, the S25 . These major changes resulted in a number of other changes, with service to various stations being provided by different lines. As of the December 2021 timetable change, 32 services comprise the Zurich S-Bahn network. The lines are numbered (2‒21, 23‒26, 29‒30, 33, 35‒36, 40‒42) using

6313-459: The ground-side terminal complex named Airport Centre comprises several buildings, and includes airline check-in areas, a shopping mall, a railway station, car parks, and a bus and tram terminal. All departing passengers access the same departure level of the Airside Centre , which includes duty-free shopping and various bars and restaurants, via airport security. They are then segregated between passengers for Schengen and non-Schengen destinations on

6420-452: The hangar area. The canton of Zürich acquired a further 135 hectares of land for the expansion of the civil engineering works, which lasted until the beginning of 1961 in parallel with the construction of the buildings. The apron areas were enlarged, particularly at the airport head and in the hangar area; the pier was also extended from 16 to 28 aircraft parking spaces, and buses were purchased to provide access to them. The west runway 10/28

6527-413: The heart of the project was the construction of a third terminal, Dock E "Midfield", located between the three runways. The Skymetro aerial tramway , a road tunnel and underground baggage conveyors were necessary for its development. Also part of the fifth stage was the construction of the new passenger hub "Airside Center". The Cantonal Council approved the project at the end of February 1995. It cleared

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6634-445: The infrastructure. In the vote of 26 September 1993, however, it did not stand a chance and was rejected by 235,531 votes to 112,476 (67.6%). Nine months later, Zürich's cantonal government submitted a proposal for a loan of CHF 873 million to the cantonal council. The fifth construction phase, known as "Airport 2000" and costing a total of CHF 2.4 billion, was intended to replace outdated systems and further expand existing facilities. At

6741-503: The inner area, and will be formed of double-deck stock in order to provide more seating for longer journeys. In September 2014 a study was published for the construction of a new rail tunnel and underground station serving the ETH Hönggerberg "Science City". The new tunnel would run directly between Hardbrücke and Regensdorf stations, as opposed to the indirect route via the existing Käferberg Tunnel and Oerlikon station that

6848-589: The landing of the first jet aircraft was planned for the following year - construction work began without waiting for approval of federal funding. In December 1958 and March 1959 respectively, the National Council and the Council of States granted subsidies of 55.6 million. In 1959, BOAC started regular flight connections to Zurich with the revised "Comet IV" , while the airport was still a construction site. The first buildings were completed in 1960, and

6955-471: The last hurdle in the referendum of 25 June 1995, when it was approved by 224,668 votes to 105,859 (68.0% Yes). After almost nine years of construction, the project was completed in 2004. The next major event for the airport was in 1999 when the Parliament of the canton of Zürich approved the privatization of Zurich Airport. The following year, Flughafen Zürich AG, trading under the brand Unique , became

7062-596: The main building. In the hangar area in the southwest, Heating Station II was put into operation and the Hangar II, which was designed for jet aircraft, was handed over to Swissair, shortly after the arrival of the Sud Aviation "Caravelle III" and the Douglas DC-8-32 in May 1960. Finally, in the summer of 1961, Swissair's in-flight catering service was given a new building between the head of the airport and

7169-490: The marketing of all advertising space at the airport was transferred from Clear Channel to APG. Terminal A has reached the end of its life cycle and will be completely rebuilt – including the tower of the Skyguide Air Traffic Control . The project was originally put on hold due to the COVID-19 pandemic , but was restarted in 2023 with construction to begin in 2030. The earliest expected completion

7276-494: The municipalities of Kloten , Rümlang , Oberglatt , Winkel , and Opfikon , all of which are within the canton of Zurich . In the Zurich area, mixed civil and military air traffic developed from 1909 onwards at Dübendorf airfield , northeast of the city. From 1919, the airport was home to Swissair 's predecessor Ad Astra Aero , and from 1932 also to Swissair. The first regular international flight service began on 1 June 1922 with an Ad Astra route to Fürth , Germany. In

7383-651: The neighboring cantons' fare networks are combined within the extended fare network Z-Pass : The operators that make up the ZVV are: The current director of the ZVV is Dominik Brühwiler, appointed 1. January 2021. Dominik Brühwiler was Head of the Traffic Planning Department and Deputy Director for 13 years. Over 60 people applied for the position of Director and the Swiss Department for Transport picked him because of his past experience in

7490-529: The new Zurich Airport. The 1,535 m (5,036 ft) long Bisen runway 02/20, which belonged to the three-runway system of 1948, was of little importance. Due to the applicable crosswind regulations at that time, the runway was designed to face the Bise to guarantee the airport's all-weather capability. However, the ICAO increased the crosswind tolerances for aircraft in subsequent revisions to such an extent that

7597-468: The new airport operator. The company dropped the brand Unique in favour of Zurich Airport and Flughafen Zürich in 2010. On 2 October 2001, a major cash-flow crisis at Swissair , exacerbated by the global downturn in air travel caused by the September 11 attacks , caused the airline to ground all its flights. Although a government rescue plan permitted some flights to restart a few days later, and

7704-434: The night from Friday to Saturday and from Saturday to Sunday, there are nighttime S-Bahn services (designated SN followed by the route number) and nighttime bus services (designated N followed by the line number). Nighttime services operate from 1 o'clock until the early morning hours. The nighttime S-Bahn and bus routes form a network, which is different from the daytime network. Most SN services run hourly. As of December 2022,

7811-468: The opening of the last new hall wing on 1 April 1971, the extension of the terminal building was completed. The first signs of noise mitigation for the airport were in 1972, when a night-time curfew was enacted, as well as in 1974 when new approach routes were introduced. Runway 14/32 was opened in 1976, and 16/34 began renovation. On 18 February 1969, four armed members of the Popular Front for

7918-467: The partial completion resulted in significant changes to the Zurich S-Bahn. These changes included the diversion of lines S2 , S8 and S14 through the Weinberg Tunnel. These lines previously ran via Zürich Wipkingen station , and in order to prevent that station losing service, S24 was extended from Zürich Hauptbahnhof station via Wipkingen to Zürich Oerlikon station . At the same time,

8025-521: The prefix "S", which is typical for S-Bahn systems. With the exception of lines S13 , S17 , S18 , S26 , S29 , S30 , S33 , S35 , S36 , S40 , and S41 , all routes run through or terminate at Zurich main station . The S27 service between Siebnen-Wangen and Ziegelbrücke , operated by SOB during peak-hours, is neither part of the Zurich S-Bahn nor the St. Gallen S-Bahn network. Unless noted otherwise, all services operate every 30 minutes throughout

8132-531: The proposal was the " Zürichberg network", a line from Zürich Hauptbahnhof via a new tunnel under the Zürichberg to Dietlikon to the northeast (not to be confused with Dietikon , which lies to the west of Zurich). The proposed construction of an underground station in Museumstrasse on the north side of the Hauptbahnhof was intended to ease the pressure on the Hauptbahnhof. On 20 May 1973 this proposal

8239-501: The railway line, which originally opened in 1894. As a result, commuters complained that the trains were overcrowded, slow and often delayed. The canton of Zurich began to develop a project to improve the railway in the 1950s. Because it was not used by either long-distance passenger or freight trains, improvements in local services were possible. Double track sections were built between Kuesnacht and Herrliberg and between Stäfa and Uerikon , along with new stations. The main problem

8346-418: The requirements of an intercontinental airport . The Government formally approved it and submitted it to the Federal Government, strongly emphasising that the Zurich project was "far superior" to the also planned (and ultimately abandoned) Swiss Central Airport Utzenstorf , near Bern . In December 1944, the responsible Federal Councillor , Enrico Celio , explicitly spoke out in favour of Zurich-Kloten, in

8453-399: The runway was decommissioned after just over ten years. The character of a provisional solution was supported – despite full operation – by the lack of buildings, especially the "Flughof", which had been planned since 1946. Instead, a growing shanty town stood to the east of the reserved building site. On 27 October 1948, the canton outsourced the development, construction and operation of

8560-550: The second stage of expansion in December 2002, night trains were added to the S-Bahn. Since 2007, night trains provide a continuous 24-hour service from Friday morning until Sunday evening on some lines. The third stage expansion was completed in 2007. On 12 December 2004 (coinciding with the completion of the first stage of Rail 2000 ), the S3 service was extended from Dietikon through the Heitersberg Tunnel to Aarau with

8667-408: The service. Zurich Airport Zurich Airport ( IATA : ZRH , ICAO : LSZH ) is the largest international airport of Switzerland and the principal hub of Swiss International Air Lines . It serves Zurich , the largest city in Switzerland, and, with its surface transport links, much of the rest of the country. The airport is located 13 kilometres (8 mi) north of central Zurich, in

8774-451: The shoulders for lateral protection in case of runway excursions . Additional domestic runways, between 1,000 and 1,400 metres (3,281 and 4,593 ft) in length, were also to be built. On 25 February 1946, the Cantonal Council of Zürich approved a building loan of CHF 36.8 million. The cantonal referendum of 5 May 1946 resulted in a clear approval with 105,705 votes in favour and 29,372 against. "Project IV" never came to fruition, as it

8881-519: The situation. On 12 October 1956, the Federal Council recommended that Parliament approve the bill. On 19 December 1956, the Council of States approved the federal contribution of CHF 54.8 million (at a total cost of 181.8 million), and the National Council followed suit on 7 March 1957. The contribution of the canton of Zürich of CHF 74.3 million was still outstanding, the rest was to be raised by FIG and Swissair. The concrete expansion project included

8988-405: The southeast. This line also stopped at Stadelhofen station at the opposite side of the city centre, before passing through the single track tunnel to Letten station , then turning 180 degrees to reach the Hauptbahnhof. This line travelled 5 km to cover the 1.5 km distance between Stadelhofen and the Hauptbahnhof. The first step in developing Zurich's rail system which eventually led to

9095-404: The terminal building, which had been considered an attractive design, lost its symmetrical appearance. To the east, towards the former shanty town, office wing A1, office wing B and the air traffic control building were added with a connecting structure. The "Fracht West" building, which had been extended at short notice during construction to provide additional office space, was located somewhat off

9202-602: The third stage also began in 1971. In 1973, Hangar III, Cargo Hall East, Car Park F and the General Aviation Centre were completed. In 1974 the "Werkhof" (work yard), an office building and multistorey car park E were added, in 1975 the apron, multi-storey car park B and Terminal B with finger dock, and in 1976 the Airport Plaza shopping and service centre located in multi-storey car park B. Additional costs were incurred due to numerous adjustments to

9309-478: The total costs of 129.4 million. Of this, 2.1 million was earmarked for the connection of the airport to the national road network and the preparation of a connection to the planned (but never built) Zürich underground railway . The National Council and Council of States adopted the bill in October 1965, allowing construction work to begin the following year. The motorway loop was in operation from 1968. Finally, with

9416-456: The way to the gate lounges, with the latter first passing through emigration controls. Arriving Schengen and non-Schengen passengers are handled in separate areas of the Airside Centre and reach it by different routes, with non-Schengen passengers first passing through immigration controls. The three airside terminals are: Terminal A contains gates prefixed A. It opened in 1971, and it is used exclusively by flights to and from destinations inside

9523-401: The western option the northern end of the central tunnel from the Hauptbahnhof would have connected with Oerlikon , while in the eastern option it would have tunneled under the Zürichberg and ended near Dietlikon . The cantonal Council chose the eastern option by 85 votes to 36. At a referendum on 29 November 1981, Zurich's voters approved by a two-thirds majority a loan of CHF 520 million for

9630-476: Was a spectator terrace of 200 m (656 ft) length. As had been expected the construction costs had been significantly exceeded. Several metres of raised bog were removed and backfilled with material from the Holberg; the concrete area had also increased from the originally planned 420,000 m to a good 611,000 m . In addition, the former weapons range area had to be searched for unexploded bombs , of which

9737-489: Was allowed to resume scheduled air traffic in September 1940, this remained on a modest scale during the conflict. In March 1943, the government of the canton of Zurich commissioned a study to identify possible locations to construct a major airport. In its report, a consortium of engineers and architects led by Locher & Cie advised against the previously discussed expansion options at Dübendorf and instead recommended

9844-428: Was commissioned in 1954 to design various project options for the second construction phase. In March 1956, the canton submitted an extended project to the Federal Council. In addition to mandatory runway extensions for the incipient "jet age", the project also provided for the extension of the public facilities, which were already overused and dominated by various provisional arrangements; two finger docks were to defuse

9951-421: Was dropped in 1945 – instead of Utzenstorf this time in the "Grosse Moos" , with two runways jutting into Lake Neuchâtel . The supporters of the Zurich airport expansion argued primarily for the economic benefit. To take the wind out of the sails of aircraft noise criticism, the government and cantonal council are drafting an aircraft noise law (including a ban on night flights ), which should be submitted to

10058-410: Was extended by 600 metres (2,000 ft) to the west, towards Rümlang , and opened on 1 January 1961 with its new operating length of 2,500 metres (8,200 ft). Blind runway 16/34 was extended 400 metres (1,312 ft) to the south in the direction of Opfikon and 700 metres (2,300 ft) to the north in the direction of Oberglatt . At its new operating length of 3,700 metres (12,100 ft), it

10165-470: Was extended from Winterthur to Weinfelden , providing with the existing S30 services two trains an hour on the line. In addition, the S16 was extended every hour to Schaffhausen, stopping after Winterthur only at Andelfingen and Neuhausen am Rheinfall . Moreover, on the line from Winterthur to Wil a new station opened at Winterthur Hegi . Following a successful referendum, a project was established to create

10272-399: Was finance. Development of the line would only serve local interests and would not lead to increased revenue for Swiss Federal Railways (SFR). At the time the canton and cities affected could not fund improvements to an SFR line, so the law was changed to allow local contributions. The new Gold Coast Express service operated a regular schedule every half-hour, with the total journey time for

10379-469: Was further developed by adapting it to the ICAO standards which were changing rapidly at the time. Instead of four runways, the new "Project V" of 20 May 1946 provided only three. Project VI" of 9 October 1946 increased the dimensions of all three runways. Finally, the slightly modified "Project VII" of 20 December 1947 was realised. Within three years, the design on the drawing board had completely changed from

10486-456: Was justified by the catch-up demand of the two other major Swiss airports. The central element of the fourth stage was the finger dock in Terminal A with 13 docking positions. Also planned were a new control tower , a baggage sorting system , an additional multi-storey car park, waiting rooms and an operations centre for aircraft crews. Later, Zürich's cantonal government also decided to renew

10593-521: Was now on qualitative expansion, taking into account spatial planning and environmental protection considerations. Based on this concept, the Federal Assembly approved the "Building Programme 1981–1985". This programme provided for investments of CHF 393.3 million in Zürich-Kloten, but the subsidy contribution of 10.3% was significantly lower than for the Geneva and Basel-Mulhouse airports . This

10700-407: Was opened for operation, which was attended by the seven members of the cantonal government. In the presence of guests from politics and the media as well as representatives of the construction companies and airlines, the new airport was inaugurated, which meant that the relocation of the entire civil flight operations from Dübendorf to Kloten had already been completed and full operation could begin at

10807-529: Was opened on 1 April 1976, increasing capacity by a third. In the early days, the new runway served exclusively for landing traffic. The rail link, which had been approved by parliament in 1975 in a separate federal decree, was still outstanding. As this was a project of the Swiss Federal Railways (SBB), the cost allocation differed greatly. Of the total costs of 285 million, the SBB contributed 60%,

10914-410: Was opened on 14 June 1948, and on which the first Swissair Douglas DC-4 took off for London . On behalf of the canton as airport owner, Cantonal Councillor Jakob Kägi gave a speech to mark the inauguration of the new runway and the start of provisional flight operations. Shortly after, on 17 November 1948, the 2,600 m (8,530 ft) long blind runway 16/34 (runway with instrument landing system )

11021-441: Was rejected in a referendum, with the "no" vote as high as in the previous referendum. At the referendum, little opposition had been expressed against the proposed S-Bahn lines. Rail is a major element in Zurich's public transport system, and its upgrade required close collaboration between the canton of Zurich and Swiss Federal Railways (SBB CFF FFS), the owner of most of the railways. The SBB CFF FFS had insufficient resources for

11128-439: Was released on 15 March 1961. By the time work was completed, the paved area at the airport covered 1,013,000 m . Although virtually all the buildings of the second phase had been completed by the end of 1961, the extension of the terminal building was still at the design stage. After the passenger terminal with two finger docks had failed in the cantonal referendum , the FIG had worked out a new project until 1958. This envisaged

11235-767: Was subject to delay and was therefore diverted to runway 28. Zurich Airport completed a major expansion project in 2003, in which it built a new parking garage, a new midfield terminal, and an automated underground people mover to link the midfield terminal to the main terminal. In November 2008 a complete renovation and rebuild of the old terminal B structure was announced. The new terminal B opened in November 2011 and provides segregated access to and from aircraft for Schengen and non-Schengen passengers. Zurich Airport handled 25.5 million passengers in 2014, up 2.5 percent from 2013. Etihad Regional ceased on 18 February 2015 to fly two-thirds of its scheduled routes without further notice, amongst them all its services from Zurich except

11342-510: Was subsequently drawn up exceeded the previous dimensions. The plans included the extension of the existing runways, a 3,300 metres (10,800 ft) long runway, additional taxiways, the enlargement of the pier to 47 stands, a new terminal with finger dock, two multi-storey car parks , additional technical buildings, an airport railway station and a new hangar . In addition, there were various extensions and conversions of existing buildings. The costs were estimated at CHF 777.6 million (not including

11449-469: Was subsequently revised and approved by Zürich's Cantonal Council in 1989, focused on more efficient use of the existing facilities, thereby enabling the handling of an additional 100,000 tonnes of freight annually. The cantonal popular initiative "for moderate air traffic" submitted in January 1991 intended to limit the airport to its then status, i.e. neither to allow more aircraft movements nor to expand

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