45-555: The Tompkins Table is an annual ranking that lists the Colleges of the University of Cambridge in order of their undergraduate students' performances in that year's examinations. Two colleges— Darwin and Clare Hall —do not have undergraduate students and do not feature in the list. It was created in 1981 by Peter Tompkins, then a third-year undergraduate mathematics student at Trinity College , who compiled it for many years. It
90-453: A Master , even when the Master is female. However, there are some exceptions, listed below. Girton College has always had a Mistress, even though male candidates have been able to run for the office since 1976. Also see List of current heads of University of Cambridge colleges . The above list does not include several former colleges that no longer exist. These include: Colleges of
135-424: A Lower Second (a 2.ii), 1 point for a Third and no points for someone only granted an allowance towards an Ordinary Degree. The scores in each subject are then weighted to a common average, to avoid the bias towards colleges with higher proportions of students entered for subjects which receive higher average grades. The result is expressed as a percentage of the total number of points available. The differences between
180-539: A collegiate system, all matriculated students are required to maintain an affiliation with a college or hall which is tasked with offering student support, welfare, and accommodation. Although the University of Oxford is already selective, an additional level of selectivity exists depending on different colleges and halls. Colleges and halls differ in their levels of selectivity, as evidenced by their varying offer rates. Except All Souls College which consists principally of research fellows, Nuffield College consistently possesses
225-574: A degree, or those whose names the Council have determined should be withheld from public display. [2] They are meant for internal use of Colleges but not the University, being distributed to the Senior Tutors of the Colleges [3] , with the full tables not being published publicly or outside of the Colleges, and some students being unaware of their existence. However, the rankings of Colleges in
270-407: A porter's lodge controlling entry from the outside. The first modern merger of colleges was in 2008, with Green College and Templeton College merging to form Green Templeton College . The number of PPHs also reduced when Greyfriars closed in 2008 and when St Benet's Hall closed in 2022. Reuben College , established in 2019, is the first new Oxbridge college since 1990, when Kellogg College
315-500: A range of facilities and services to their members in addition to accommodation, including: catering, library facilities, extracurricular societies, and sporting teams. Much of sporting life at Cambridge is centred around college teams and inter-collegiate competition in Cuppers . Student activity is typically organised through separate common rooms for undergraduate and postgraduate students. Another important element of collegiate life
360-661: A statute to allow private halls which were not run for profit to become permanent private halls and the two halls took their current names. Each college and permanent private hall has its own arms , although in some cases these were assumed rather than granted by the College of Arms . Under King Henry VIII Oxford colleges were granted exemption from having their arms granted by the College of Arms; and some, like Lady Margaret Hall , have chosen to take advantage of this exemption, whilst others, such as Oriel , despite having used
405-405: A top University at an intimate level". Cambridge colleges provide most of the accommodation for undergraduates and postgraduates at the university. At the undergraduate level they have responsibility for admitting students to the university, providing pastoral support, and organising elements of their tuition, though lectures and examinations are organised by the faculties and departments of
450-410: Is formal hall , which range in frequency from weekly to every night of the week during Full Term. Colleges also provide funding, accommodation, or both, for some of the academic posts in the university, with the majority of Cambridge academics being a fellow of a college in addition to their faculty/departmental role. Fellows may therefore hold college positions in addition to their academic posts at
495-502: Is a descendant of the original (1221), and is sometimes described as heir to the oldest tradition of teaching in Oxford. As the university took shape, friction between the hundreds of students living where and how they pleased led to a decree that all undergraduates would have to reside in approved halls. What eventually put an end to the medieval halls was the emergence of colleges. Often generously endowed and with permanent teaching staff,
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#1732782992927540-512: Is an officer known generically as the Head of House . Their specific title varies from college to college as indicated in the list below. While the Head of House will usually be an academic, it is not uncommon for a person to be appointed who has had a distinguished career outside academic circles. For a list of current Heads of Houses, see Heads of Houses . The dean of Christ Church is head of both
585-538: Is intended for "mature students" with a minimum age of 21. The newest college of the University, Reuben College , was established in 2019 as graduate-only, enrolling its first students in 2021 using the premises of the Radcliffe Science Library . Kellogg , Reuben and St Cross are the only Oxford colleges without a royal charter . They are officially societies of the university rather than independent colleges and are considered departments of
630-463: Is some dispute over the exact order and precisely when each began teaching. The fourth oldest college is Exeter , founded in 1314, and the fifth is Oriel , founded in 1326. Women entered the university in 1879, with the opening of Lady Margaret Hall and Somerville College , becoming members of the University (and thus eligible to receive degrees) in 1920. Other women's colleges before integration were St Anne's , St Hilda's and St Hugh's . In 1974
675-582: The Church of England (subject to safeguards for religious instruction and worship), which made it possible for Catholics and Non-conformists to open private halls. The first Catholic private halls were Clarke's Hall (now Campion Hall ), opened by the Jesuit Order in 1896 and Hunter Blair's Hall (later St Benet's Hall ) opened by the Benedictine Order in 1899. In 1918 the university passed
720-538: The Norrington Table , was published annually. As the table only took into account the examination results for the year of publication, college rankings could fluctuate considerably. Beginning in 2005, the University of Oxford started publishing a list of colleges classified by a "Norrington Score", effectively replicating the Norrington Table. The university claims to have published the results "in
765-426: The "old" colleges and 7 of the 15 "new" ones admit both male and female students as both undergraduates and postgraduates, without any age restrictions. Eight colleges restrict entry by sex, or by age of undergraduates, or admit only postgraduates: No colleges are all-male, although most originally were. Darwin , founded in 1964, was the first mixed college, while in 1972 Churchill , Clare and King's colleges were
810-494: The 13th and 20th centuries. No colleges were founded between 1596 ( Sidney Sussex College ) and 1800 ( Downing College ), which allows the colleges to be distinguished into two groups according to foundation date: The oldest college is Peterhouse , founded in 1284, and the newest is Robinson , founded in 1977. Homerton , which was first founded in the eighteenth century as a dissenting academy (and later teacher training college), attained full college status in 2010. All 16 of
855-506: The Baxter Tables are sometimes referred to by Colleges in publicly available literature, [4] [5] and the methodology used to compile the Baxter Tables is also available. There is also a 'value-added' table, which shows how students' results improve over the course of their years at Cambridge, and is intended to give a measure or indication of the quality of teaching at the different Colleges. [6] However, with such small sample sizes,
900-485: The Tompkins Table, but have significantly more graduate students than undergraduate students, so the results here are not representative of the majority of the student population of each of these colleges. Below is the table for 2024, using the following scoring system: five points for a 1st, three for a 2:1, two for 2:2, one for a 3rd. Score shown is a percentage of total points available.: Certain Colleges of
945-581: The University of Cambridge The University of Cambridge is composed of 31 colleges in addition to the academic departments and administration of the central university. Until the mid-19th century, both Cambridge and Oxford comprised a group of colleges with a small central university administration, rather than universities in the common sense. Cambridge's colleges are communities of students, academics and staff – an environment in which generations and academic disciplines are able to mix, with both students and fellows experiencing "the breadth and excellence of
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#1732782992927990-671: The University of Cambridge commission similar tables called Baxter Tables from Martin Baxter who is a financial analyst specialising in mathematical modelling and who developed the Electoral Calculus website. Baxter tables rank colleges' undergraduate students by their year and subject separately and are delivered in July or August. [1] They are compiled using published Class Lists, which do not include students who are not candidates for Honours degrees, or those who have failed to gain
1035-399: The University of Oxford The University of Oxford has 36 colleges , three societies, and four permanent private halls (PPHs) of religious foundation. The colleges and PPHs are autonomous self-governing corporations within the university. These colleges are not only houses of residence, but have substantial responsibility for teaching undergraduate students. Generally tutorials (one of
1080-656: The amount of meaningful information which can be extracted from these tables is questionable. [7] The corresponding ranking for Oxford colleges is the Norrington Table . Since 1986, when the University of Oxford adopted split second-class degrees, the Norrington Table has adopted the same method of scoring as the Tompkins Table, but without the weighting attached to individual subject scores. Starting in 2020, The Telegraph compiled an Oxbridge college league table , drawing on both academic and other factors, including accommodation, lifestyle and wealth. Colleges of
1125-529: The arms for many centuries, have recently elected to have the arms granted officially. The blazons below are taken from the Oxford University Calendar unless otherwise indicated. Shields are emblazoned as commonly drawn, and notable inconsistencies between blazons and emblazons (the shields as drawn) are indicated. Each college also has its own colours used on items such as scarves and rowing blades . The senior member of each college
1170-414: The central university. All degrees are awarded by the university itself, not the colleges, and all students study for the same course regardless of which college they attend. For postgraduate students, research is conducted centrally in the faculties, departments and other university-affiliated research centres, though the colleges provide a central social and intellectual hub for students. Colleges provide
1215-531: The city of Cambridge (for example Ridley Hall , Wesley House , Westcott House and Westminster College ) that are affiliated with the university through the Cambridge Theological Federation . These colleges, while not officially part of the University of Cambridge, operate programmes that are either validated by or are taught on behalf either of the university or of Anglia Ruskin or Durham Universities. Most colleges are led by
1260-501: The college and the cathedral. The president of Kellogg College is also the director of the Department for Continuing Education. As of 2019 the accounts of the Oxford colleges included total assets of £6.6 billion. This figure does not reflect all the assets held by the colleges as their accounts do not include the cost or value of many of their main sites or heritage assets such as works of art or libraries. The total endowments of
1305-487: The college. Murray Edwards does not place this restriction on fellows. The Cambridge and Oxford colleges have served as an architectural inspiration for Collegiate Gothic architecture, used by a number of American universities including Princeton University , Cornell University , University of Chicago , and Washington University in St. Louis since the late nineteenth century. There are also several theological colleges in
1350-473: The colleges were originally the preserve of graduate students. However, once they began accepting fee-paying undergraduates in the 14th century, the halls' days were numbered. Of the hundreds of Aularian houses (from the Latin for "hall") that sprang up, only St Edmund Hall (c. 1225) remains. The oldest colleges are University College , Balliol , and Merton , established between 1249 and 1264, although there
1395-416: The colleges were £5.1 billion as of 2019. Individual college endowments ranged from £1.2m (Green Templeton) to £577.6 million (Christ Church). In contrast to undergraduate programmes where the constituent college or hall handles both admissions and teaching, postgraduate students are admitted through a department, which is responsible for postgraduate education and supervision. As the university operates on
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1440-467: The examination process brought about as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic . Initially, it only included final year exams but since 1997 has covered all exams for which grades are allocated. The table allocates 5 points for a First Class degree, 3 points for an Upper Second (known also as a 2.i), 2.5 points for a Second Undivided (A second class degree that is not divided into Upper or Lower), 2 points for
1485-417: The fields of interest of the fellows of the college. A typical college consists of a hall for dining, a chapel, a library, a college bar, senior , middle (postgraduate), and junior common rooms , rooms for 200–400 undergraduates, and lodgings for the head of the college and other dons . College buildings range from medieval to modern, but most are made up of interlinked quadrangles or courtyards, with
1530-602: The first men's colleges to admit women were Brasenose , Hertford , Jesus , St Catherine's and Wadham . By 2008 all colleges had become co-residential, although one of the Permanent Private Halls, St Benet's Hall , did not start to admit postgraduate women until Michaelmas term 2014 and women undergraduates until Michaelmas 2016. Some colleges, such as Kellogg , Linacre , Nuffield , St Antony's , St Cross and Wolfson only admit postgraduate students. All Souls admits only fellows. Harris Manchester
1575-416: The first previously all-male colleges to admit women, whilst King's formerly only accepted students from Eton College . The last all-male college to become mixed was Magdalene , in 1988. In 1973 Hughes Hall became the first all-female college to admit men, and Girton first admitted men in 1979. Newnham also places restrictions on the admission of staff members, allowing only women to become fellows of
1620-533: The highest places on the table are usually very slight. Christ's College was the top college in 2019, after coming top in 2018 following seven years in which Trinity College came top. The rankings are not officially endorsed by the University. Since Darwin College and Clare Hall admit only graduate students, they do not feature in this undergraduate ranking. Some of the mature colleges, including St. Edmund's College , Hughes Hall , Lucy Cavendish College , and Wolfson College , tend to perform relatively poorly in
1665-608: The interests of openness". Although the university says that the college listings are "not very significant", the 2005 table was the first Norrington Table with official data and also probably the first to be accurate. Dame Fiona Caldicott , the Chairman of the Conference of Colleges, said that in previous years some students had used the Data Protection Act 1998 to ensure their results were not published, rendering
1710-540: The lowest offer rate and is thus considered the most selective college. On the other hand, Kellogg College and St Antony College are among the least selective colleges, typically characterised by higher offer rates. The table below exhibits the offer rates for postgraduate applications across each college over multiple academic years. For some years, an unofficial ranking of undergraduate colleges by performance in Final Honour Schools examinations, known as
1755-682: The main methods of teaching in Oxford) and classes are the responsibility of colleges, while lectures, examinations, laboratories, and the central library are run by the university. Students normally have most of their tutorials in their own college, but often have a couple of modules taught at other colleges or even at faculties and departments. Most colleges take both graduates and undergraduates, but several are for graduates only. Undergraduate and graduate students may name preferred colleges in their applications. For undergraduate students, an increasing number of departments practise reallocation to ensure that
1800-561: The ratios between potential students and subject places available at each college are as uniform as possible. For the Department of Physics, reallocation is done on a random basis after a shortlist of candidates is drawn upon and before candidates are invited for interviews at the university. For graduate students, many colleges express a preference for candidates who plan to undertake research in an area of interest of one of its fellows. St Hugh's College , for example, states that it accepts graduate students in most subjects, principally those in
1845-406: The university for accounting purposes. The Oxford University Act 1854 and the university statute De aulis privatis (On private Halls) of 1855, allowed any Master of Arts aged at least 28 years to open a private hall after obtaining a licence to do so. One such was Charsley's Hall . The Universities Tests Act 1871 opened all university degrees and positions to men who were not members of
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1890-519: The university: these include roles such as Tutor (responsible for pastoral support), Director of Studies (responsible for academic oversight of students taking a particular subject), Dean (responsible for discipline among college members), Senior Tutor (responsible for the college's overall academic provision), or Head of college ('Head of House'). Colleges are self-governed charities in their own right, with their own endowments and possessions. The University of Cambridge has 31 colleges, founded between
1935-496: The unofficial tables inaccurate. A tradition of the university is a friendly rivalry between colleges . Often, two neighbouring colleges will be rivals, and each college will pride itself in its athletic victories over the other one. Examples include: The Oxford and Cambridge colleges have served as an architectural inspiration for Collegiate Gothic Architecture, used by a number of American universities including Princeton University and Washington University in St. Louis since
1980-518: Was established. The collegiate system arose because Oxford University came into existence through the gradual agglomeration of numerous independent institutions. Over the centuries several different types of college have emerged and disappeared. The first academic houses were monastic halls. Of the dozens established during the 12th–15th centuries, none survived the Reformation . The modern Dominican permanent private hall of Blackfriars (1921)
2025-399: Was formerly published by The Independent . Since 2016, it has been published by Varsity , a student newspaper of the University of Cambridge . It is not an official University of Cambridge table. It does not take account of students who are not candidates for Honours degrees, or those who have failed to gain a degree. It was not published in 2020 or 2021 as a result of the restrictions to
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