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18-486: The governorate has the fourth largest population of the 12 governorates of Jordan, and is ranked 10th by area. It has the third highest population density in the kingdom after Irbid Governorate and Jerash Governorate . The " Balqa " historically referred to the entire area of the eastern plateau of the Jordan Valley as early as the 7th century when Heraclius ' brother Theodore fought an early campaign against

36-688: Is located in the far north west of Jordan in the Yarmouk River basin and Jordan Valley. Most of the governorate is part of the Hawran plateau, which covers northern Jordan, and south-west Syria, Irbid located about 80 Km away from Amman the capital. The governorate is bordered by Syria (the Golan Heights) from the north, the Jordan River from the west, Mafraq Governorate from the east, and Jerash , Ajloun and Balqa Governorates from

54-631: Is the plural of liwaa . Many of these departments are within the sphere of influence (and constitute districts) of metropolitan Irbid Irbid , the "Bride of the North," is considered one of the most beautiful Jordanian cities. Its population reaches about 650,000 (2008) and is situated on a plain land, 65 km. to the north of the capital, Amman . It is situated in the north west of the Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan, surrounded by fertile agricultural lands from north, east, west and south. Irbid

72-723: The Arabs on the approaches to southern Syria. During biblical times, the southern part of Balqa was known as the Plains of Moab . During World War I , the British army led by General Edmund Allenby entered Salt on 24 March 1918, in the Battles for Amman campaign, marking the end of a 500-year Ottoman rule. On March 21, 1968, the town of Karameh near Shouna al-Janubiyya was the site of Battle of Karameh , between Israel on one side, and Jordan and Palestinian forces ( Fatah , PLO ) on

90-569: The Islamic soldiers’ supplies. Christianity spread out there in the second and the third century CE. With the conversion work of Islam, the Islamic opening armies achieved an advance. As a result, Sharhabeel Bin Hasnaa made an Islamic victory in 634 CE (13 AH). He opened Irbid, Beit-Ras and Umm Qais. The Islamic leader Abu Obideh Amer Bin Al-Jarrah was able to open Pella. In 636 CE (15 AH) and in

108-535: The Roman artificial hill and small Roman lake (water reservoir), Gadara (Umm Qais), Pella (Tabeqt Fahel) and Abila (Qwailbeh) were established. They were members of the Decapolis : a pact that consists of the ten Roman cities in the area . Ghassanids had established their country in the north of Jordan covering Irbid, Golan and Horan plains. It was described as the most beautiful Syrian countries. Also it had

126-449: The cultural and scientific movement of Irbid, as referred by historical writings. In addition to the spread of a number of scientists and Islamic jurisprudence scholars, the Islamic expansion left many graves of the companions of Muhammad , many mosques and Islamic buildings such as Dar Assaraya (the former prison) which has been converted into a museum, Hibras Mamluk Mosque, Irbid Mamluke Mosque and Saham Umayyed Mosque. Irbid Governorate

144-603: The governorate's economy is based on agriculture, as well as industry, such as the cement factory in Fuheis , run by Jordan Cement Factories Ltd - Lafarge, and pharmaceutical companies including the Arab Pharmaceutical Manufacturing company. There are two universities in the governorate: Balqa Applied University (BAU), located near the Salt ring road, and Al-Ahliyya Amman University (AAU) located on

162-762: The highest population density in the country. During the Iron Age , the region around Irbid, known then as Gilead , was settled by the Israelites . Ar-Ramtha , the second largest city in the Irbid Governorate, is commonly identified with the Israelite city of Ramoth-Gilead , a Levitical city and city of refuge east of the Jordan River, mentioned several times in the Hebrew Bible . By

180-646: The late Iron Age, Gilead became the focus of a power struggle between the Kingdom of Israel and the Aramean kingdom of Aram-Damascus. According to the Books of Kings , Ramoth-Gilead was the location of a battle between Kingdom of Israel and Aram Damascus . During the battle, King Ahab of Israel joined King Jehoshaphat of Judah to fights the Aramaeans but was hit by an arrow and died from his wounds. Later on, it

198-604: The main highway between Amman and Salt . It is also home to the SESAME facility, the first research facility of its type in the Middle East. Irbid Governorate Irbid or Irbed ( Arabic : إربد ) is a governorate in Jordan , located north of Amman , the country's capital. The capital of the governorate is the city of Irbid . The governorate has the second largest population in Jordan after Amman Governorate , and

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216-680: The other side. It was one of the largest military confrontations of the War of Attrition , in the period between the Six-Day War of 1967 and the Yom Kippur War of 1973. The capital of the Balqa' Governorate is Salt . Other cities and towns in the governorate are Mahis , Fuhais and Ain Al-Basha. The population of districts according to census results: Due to its fertile mountains,

234-518: The prime of these victories, Khalid Bin Al-Walid managed to crush out the Roman armies in the long Battle of Yarmouk . Consequently, he managed to put an end to the Roman presence in the area. In 1187 CE (583 AH) Saladin 's armies advanced to Hittin in which the most ferocious battle in the history of the Crusades took place, This battle was followed by recapturing Jerusalem and the whole region

252-436: The south. The Jordan national census of 2004 demographic data indicate that Irbid Governorate had a population of 928,292. Estimates put the population slightly over one million for the year 2009. The next census was scheduled to be held in 2014. The population of districts according to census results: Irbid Governorate is named after its capital and largest city. It is divided into nine departments called alweya which

270-614: The town of Malka . there are many other towns and villages in the governorate such as Der Abi Saeed , Kufr 'Awan , and Kufr Rakeb . There are three Qualified Industrial Zones (QIZ) in Irbid Governorate: Prince Hasan Industrial City, Cyber City, and Jordan River Crossing City. The net exports value of Prince Hasan Industrial City reached US$ 274 million in 2001 benefiting from its status as a Qualified Industrial Zone (QIZ). Clothing, chemicals and electronics constituted its main exports. Irbid

288-865: Was also the location of a battle where Ahaziah of Israel and Jehoram of Judah fought against Hazael , king of Aram Damascus, and Jehoram was wounded. In this city, Jehu , the son of Jehoshaphat, was anointed by Elisha . In the 8th century BCE, the Assyrians gained control of the area, followed by the Babylonian and the Achaemenid Empire . The region was later distinguished by the Hellenistic , Roman and Byzantine civilizations , leaving behind them historical and archaeological sites. Roman and Greek cities such as Arabella (Irbid), Capitolias (Beit–Ras), Dion ( Al Hisn ) that contains

306-510: Was gradually taken by the Ayyubids . During the Mamluk period, Irbid played an important role as a stopping point for the pilgrims’ caravans coming from Turkey , north of Iraq and south of Russia . It was an important communication hub and a gateway to Egypt , Hijaz and Palestine coast, especially during the time in which Irbid was linked with Damascus , which had a positive effect on

324-1012: Was named “The Daisy” after the daisy flower, which grows in its plains. Irbid witnessed human settlements starting by 5000 BCE, such as settlements of the Canaanites, Israelites, Ghassanids and Arab civilizations. Shatana ( شطنا ), Hartha ( حرثا ), Ham ( هام ) Kufr-Soum (كفرسوم), Al-Rafeed ( الرفيد ), Hibras ( حبراص ), Yubla ( يبلا ), Al-Taybeh (الطيبة), Habaka , Kufr-Rahta (كفر رحتا), Al-Mazar Al-Shamali , Bushra or Bishra , Hareema ( حريما ), Kufrasad, Kufraan (كفر عان), Jumha, Kufryuba (كفر يوبا), Zahar, Qum, Sammou', Izmal, Kufrelma, Soum ( سوم ), Saydoor, Samma , Marou , Ibser Abu Ali, Assarieh, Aidoon , Al Hisn , Kitim, Beit Ras , Dowgarah, En-Nu'aymeh , Houfa Al-Westiyyah, Al-Turrah , Qumaim, Huwwarah , Imrawah, Sal, Samad, AshShajarah , Turrah ( الطرة ), Hatim, Melka, Foauta, Zoubia , Rehaba , Kharja, Dair Yousef, Kufor Kefia, Summer, E'nbeh (عنبة), Dair Esse'neh ( دير السعنة ), Mandah, Zabda, as well as

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