42-1048: [REDACTED] Look up विधान in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. Bidhan may refer to: Given name Bidhan Chandra Roy (1882–1962), Chief Minister of West Bengal, India Bidhan Lama , Olympic taekwondo practitioner from Nepal Middle name Kalyan Bidhan Sinha (born 1944), Indian mathematician Places Bidhan Sarani , street in Kolkata, India Others Bidhan Chandra Krishi Viswavidyalaya , university in West Bengal, India Bidhan Chandra College, Asansol , West Bengal, India Bidhan Chandra College, Rishra , West Bengal, India See also [ edit ] Vidhāna , Vedic texts of Hinduism Vidhan Sabha , state legislative assemblies in India Vidhan Bhavan (disambiguation) ,
84-560: A crucial role in safeguarding vital trade routes and asserting dominance over the Bay of Bengal. The large number of warships ensured that Jessore's maritime interests were well-protected and allowed for effective control of regional waters. In addition to his naval forces, Pratapaditya's cavalry was renowned for its mobility and effectiveness in combat. With 10,000 cavalrymen, his forces were well-equipped with armor and weaponry influenced by various regional styles and practices. This cavalry played
126-532: A dream unless the people were healthy and strong in mind and body. He made contributions to the organisation of medical education. He played an important role in the establishment of the Jadavpur T.B. Hospital, Chittaranjan Seva Sadan, Kamala Nehru Memorial Hospital , Victoria Institution (college) , and Chittaranjan Cancer Hospital . In 1926, the Chittaranjan Seva Sadan for women and children
168-664: A firm grasp of our problems. On 26 January 1950, Roy took oath as the first Chief Minister of West Bengal in Independent India . Under his leadership, the Congress party won the legislative assembly elections in West Bengal in 1952 and 1957 . The 22-member Sarkar Committee, headed by industrialist Nalini Ranjan Sarkar , recommended the formation of technical institutions for higher education in India. Roy successfully petitioned then Prime Minister Jawaharlal Nehru to setup
210-462: A history of Bengal by Mirza Nathan; and, travelogues of Abdul Latif. Pratapaditya's ancestors were likely based in Satgaon , having migrated from Bakla . His father Shrihari Guha was an influential officer in the service of Daud Khan Karrani and succeeded Ludi Khan as the wazir c. early 1573; he had been conferred with the title of Raja Vikramaditya by Daud Khan. Upon Daud Khan's defeat by
252-639: A keen interest in local history and naturally, Pratapaditya. In 1857, Smyth was the first colonial official to chronicle our subject — he came upon certain ruins in Sunderban, which local legends had attributed to Pratapaditya. 11 years later, Rainey read a paper on Pratapaditya in The Asiatic Society: the contents were borrowed from Tarkalankar's work and Pratapaditya was a hero. The first critical evaluation came in 1874 in Westland's Report of
294-505: A lifelong source of inspiration for him. Intending to enroll at St Bartholomew's Hospital to complete further studies in medicine, Roy left for Britain in February 1909 with ₹ 1,200. The then dean of St. Bartholomew's Hospital was reluctant to accept an Asian student and rejected his application. Roy submitted several additional applications until the dean, after 30 admission requests, admitted him. Upon returning to India, Roy joined
336-467: A makeshift fort. The defence hold for days before felling to a sudden attack, forcing him to retreat to Jessore and concede defeat. Paratapaditya was treated with respect and taken as a war-prisoner to Dhaka, where Islam Khan had him imprisoned along with his sons. Whereas his sons were released soon, what happened to Pratapaditya is not known; his territory was distributed as jagirs. The earliest extant mention of Pratapaditya in vernacular literature
378-539: A moderate salary for most part of Roy's childhood, but he and Aghorkamini supported the education and upbringing of both their own children and a number of other poor children, mostly orphans. Roy left Patna in June 1901 to study at the Medical College and Hospital, Kolkata . While at medical school, he came upon an inscription which read, "Whatever thy hands findeth to do, do it with thy might." These words became
420-543: A resistor against Mughal in Jessore but the statements are still debated. During the reign of Pratapaditya, the ruler of Jessore in the early 17th century, the Portuguese played a significant role in the local economy through their trade activities. Jessore, located in present-day Bangladesh, became a crucial hub for Portuguese merchants due to its strategic position along the trade routes. The Portuguese established
462-712: A resolution recommending a study of the causes of pollution in Hooghly and suggested measures to prevent pollution in the future. Roy was elected to the All India Congress Committee in 1928. Roy conducted Civil Disobedience in Bengal in 1929 and prompted Pandit Motilal Nehru to nominate him as a member of the Congress Working Committee (CWC) in 1930. The CWC was declared an unlawful assembly and Roy along with other members of
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#1732764801057504-558: A secret treaty with the Arakans to save his own territory; Aniruddha Ray speculates that pleasing the Mughals, who were on the ascendancy, might have been an additional factor. Carvalho's arrest empowered the local Afghans to loot and massacre the Portuguese the same night; even the church was not spared. The next day, Pratapaditya destroyed Carvalho's fleet, arrested the surviving Portuguese, and confiscated all of their properties; after
546-504: A significant role in defending his territory from external threats and in maintaining order within his domain. The combination of a powerful navy and a well-trained cavalry under Pratapaditya's command ensured both the security and expansion of Jessore's influence during his reign. Three contemporary sources remain — letters of Portuguese Jesuit priests collated in Histoire des lndes Orientales by Father Du Jarric; Baharistan-i-Ghaibi ,
588-549: A summary trial, four were put to death and a ransom of eleven thousand rupees was fixed for the rest. The initial reluctance from the Portuguese to pay the ransom caused consternation in local Hindus who raided the church suspecting the missionaries of Machiavellian tactics. Eventually, once the ransom was paid, Pratapaditya had the Portuguese as well as the Missionaries leave Jessore permanently. However, by 1612 they were again parts of Jessore army and must have entered into
630-401: A thriving trade network in the region, exchanging goods such as textiles, spices, and precious metals. Their presence bolstered the local economy, as they facilitated the flow of these commodities between South Asia and Europe. Additionally, the Portuguese influence contributed to the cultural and economic integration of Jessore into the global trading system of the time. Pratapaditya, recognizing
672-459: A time when it was ravaged by the ill consequences of partition . Bidhan Chandra Roy passed away on 1 July 1962, coincidentally on his 80th birthday. His house was later converted into a nursing home named after his mother, Aghorkamini Devi. He had also constituted a trust for his properties at Patna to carry out social service, with eminent nationalist Ganga Sharan Singh (Sinha) being its first trustee. The Indian Government honoured Roy with
714-461: A truce sometime in-between. In 1609, Islam Khan was appointed as the Subehdar of Bengal. Pratap sent his son Sangramaditya to greet Khan, who was inducted into imperial service; it was suggested that Pratap follow suit. In 1609, Pratap met Khan with fifty thousand rupees and other presents, accepting Mughal vassalage and promising military assistance in subduing Musa Khan and other Zamindars in
756-473: Is Annada Mangal , a mid-18th c. historical epic by Raygunakar Bharatchandra . Pratap was a hero, blessed by Kali but vanity and pride hastened his end. This would influence the first historical prose on the subject by Ramram Basu — Pratapaditya Charita . Written as a historical romance novel c. 1800, Basu claimed to be among the heirs of Pratapaditya and used family letters and a Persian manuscript among sources. Both of these works significantly influenced
798-485: Is different from Wikidata All article disambiguation pages All disambiguation pages Bidhan Chandra Roy Bidhan Chandra Roy (1 July 1882 – 1 July 1962) was an Indian physician and politician who served as Chief Minister of West Bengal from 1950 until his death in 1962. He played a key role in the founding of several institutions and cities like Salt Lake (now a part of Bidhannagar Municipal Corporation ), Kalyani , and Durgapur . In India,
840-553: The Bharat Ratna on 4 February 1961. The B.C. Roy National Award was instituted in 1962 in his memory and has been awarded annually since 1976. The award recognizes excellent contributions in the areas of medicine, politics, science, philosophy, literature and arts. The Dr. B. C. Roy Memorial Library and Reading Room for Children in the Children's Book Trust, New Delhi, was opened in 1967. Today, his private papers are part of
882-533: The Mughals in the Battle of Rajmahal , Shrihari fled to the marshes of Khulna and styled himself as "Vikramaditya"— probably with his brother, Janakiballav, who had been awarded the title of "Basanta Ray"— and refused to submit to the Mughals for a while; their capital was at Dhumghat. Popular tradition asserts that eventually Todar Mal would confirm their possessions. Sources do not mention Shirhari except in
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#1732764801057924-632: The National Doctors' Day is celebrated in his memory every year on 1 July. He was awarded the Bharat Ratna , India's highest civilian honour in 1961. Bidhan Chandra Roy was born on 1 July 1882 to a Bengali Kayastha family in Bankipore in Patna , where his father, Prakash Chandra Roy coming from a wealthy family of Satkhira , Khulna district, Bengal Presidency (now in Bangladesh ),
966-709: The Provincial Health Service . In addition to a private practice, he served as a nurse when necessary. He taught at the Medical College and Hospital, Kolkata and later at the Campbell Medical School (now NRS Medical College ) and the Carmichael Medical College (now R. G. Kar Medical College ). He served as the first president of Cardiological Society of India from 1948 to 1950. Roy believed that swaraj (the call to action for India's freedom) would remain
1008-608: The Archives at the Nehru Memorial Museum & Library , at Teen Murti House , Delhi. India celebrates National Doctors' Day on July 1 every year to honour his birth and death anniversary. Pratapaditya Pratapaditya Guha was a rebellious Kayashtha king of Jessore of lower Bengal, before being defeated by the Mughal Empire . He was eulogized by 19th and 20th century Bengali historians as
1050-924: The Corporation expanded schemes for free education, free medical aid, improved roads and lighting, and water supply. He set up a framework for dispensing grant-in-aid to hospitals and charitable dispensaries . In 1942, Rangoon fell to the Japanese bombing and caused an exodus from Calcutta fearing a Japanese invasion. Roy, then serving as the Vice-Chancellor of the University of Calcutta , acquired air-raid shelters for schools and college students to have their classes in, and provided relief for students, teachers and employees alike. The Congress Party proposed Roy's name for Premier of West Bengal. Although Roy sought to continue with his profession, he accepted
1092-506: The District of Jessore — in the words of Ray, it was an attempt to "cut Pratap's heroism to size". The same year, were published, three "pioneering essays" by Blochman. By mid-1870s, Pratapaditya was no longer a unanimous hero — the colonial administration was pushing back against panegyrics. Beveridge's report in 1876 portrayed him to be a "cruel monster" for murdering Carvalho. Falkner deemed him to be an adventurer, not worth more than
1134-491: The East — found themselves embroiled in a regional conflict that spanned for a couple of years. In the end, the Mughals having killed Ray and the Arakans having chased the Portuguese out made the most significant gains. Pratapaditya appears to have attempted in leveraging this multipolarity to his advantage. In 1605, he invited Carvalho to his kingdom only to have him arrested. Du Jarric accuses Pratapadiya of having entered into
1176-432: The Mughals were trying to control the entire span of Hooghly — whose hinterlands were vital from an economic as well as a military perspective — and hence, scoped for opportunities. Pratapaditya requested for a pardon and dispatched 80 war-boats under Sangramaditya but in vain; Sangramaditya was captured, and the fleet destroyed. This encounter led Pratapaditya to start preparing for the inevitable. Udayaditya along with
1218-463: The buildings housing these Topics referred to by the same term [REDACTED] This disambiguation page lists articles associated with the title Bidhan . If an internal link led you here, you may wish to change the link to point directly to the intended article. Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Bidhan&oldid=1196011097 " Category : Disambiguation pages Hidden categories: Short description
1260-635: The committee were arrested on 26 August 1930 and detained at Alipore Central Jail . During the Dandi March in 1931, many members of the Calcutta Corporation were imprisoned. Congress requested Roy to remain out of prison and discharge the duties of the Corporation. He served as the Alderman of the Corporation from 1930 to 1931 and as the Mayor of Calcutta from 1931 to 1933. Under him,
1302-529: The first institute in West Bengal, on the grounds that the state had the highest concentration of industries at that time. The Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur was thus established in May 1950, with Roy serving as the first Chairman of the Board of Governors. He was credited for the development of cities like Bidhannagar , Kalyani , and Durgapur , which were crucial for the growth of West Bengal's economy at
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1344-463: The immediate aftermath of the Battle of Rajmahal; so, it is difficult to speculate about Shrihari's reign but a non-extant inscription imposes a terminus ante quem of c. 1590 for the end of his rule. For about the first decade, Pratapaditya likely ruled in a dyarchy with Basanta Ray. It is believed that c. 1598 - 1600, Pratapaditya had his uncle murdered with support from the Portuguese and ascended to
1386-434: The majority of his force was sent away to take a defensive stance on the banks of one Salka river, north of the capital, where a fort was rapidly constructed; a well-equipped navy was put under the command of Khwaja Kamal while the infantry unit was put under Jamal Khan. Despite strategically sound warfare on Udayaditya's part, the face-off ended in a devastating defeat — he, alongside Jamal Khan, barely escaped to Jessore where
1428-571: The position and took office on 23 January 1948 upon Gandhi's advice. Bengal at the time had been torn by communal violence , shortage of food, unemployment and a large flow of refugees in the wake of the creation of East Pakistan . In an address to the people of West Bengal, Roy said: We have the ability and if, with faith in our future, we exert ourselves with determination, nothing, I am sure, no obstacles, however formidable or insurmountable they may appear at present, can stop our progress... (if we) all work unitedly, keeping our vision clear and with
1470-464: The production of future literature on Pratapaditya; notably, it was caste that played a defining role in the rise and fall of Pratapaditya in these narratives, and communalism was largely absent. In 1856, Harish Chandra Tarkalankar published The History of Raja Pratapaditya: "The Last King of Sagar lsland" , a modernized retelling of Basu's novel. Soon, the British administrators would start taking
1512-479: The rear-guard was being mounted. The Mughals continued in their advance and camped at Buranhatty, not far from Jessore. Soon enough, Bakla fell. With Jessore being opened up from all sides, Paratapaditya left for the Mughal camp to offer his submission. However, for reasons unknown, he ditched the plan and the conflict continued. Pratapaditya took, what would be his last stand, about 5 miles north of his capital, in
1554-401: The region. The deals was struck at a time when the Mughals were fighting multiple forces in Bengal and in a desperate need for allies. By 1612, most of the rebel Zamindars were subdued and Mughal ascendancy in the region was established. However, citing that Pratap did not help the Mughals in their expeditions, Islam Khan decided to seize Jessore alongside adjacent Bakla; Ray hypothesizes that
1596-519: The salt-rich port of Sandip which had been seized by the Mughals from the Rays, two years before. However, the inhabitants did not take kindly to Carvalho and rebelled; soon, multiple parties — the Arakans , who helped Carvalho to subdue the rebellion; the Portuguese, who constructed a fort without consent of the Arkakans; the Rays, who felt usurped by the Portuguese; the Mughals, who wished to expand into
1638-590: The throne. In return, he allowed the Portuguese Missionaries to settle in his territories; the first Church in Bengal was opened at Dhumghat c. 1600. His rule over Jessore coincided with multiple foreign powers — the Portuguese, the Arakanese, and the Mughals — vying for the control of the Bengal delta and entering into fragile alliances with local rulers. In 1602, Dominique Carvalho, a Portuguese war-master in service of Kedar Ray , had occupied
1680-526: The value of this relationship, engaged with the Portuguese to enhance the prosperity of his domain, thereby creating a mutually beneficial economic partnership. Under the rule of Pratapaditya, Jessore not only thrived economically but also fortified its military capabilities. Pratapaditya, known for his strategic acumen, commanded a formidable fleet of approximately 700 warships and a cavalry force of 10,000 men. His naval fleet, bolstered by Portuguese military assistance and advanced shipbuilding techniques, played
1722-748: Was opened by Roy. Roy was also Mahatma Gandhi 's personal doctor and friend. In 1925, Roy ran for elections from the Barrackpore constituency as an independent candidate for the Bengal Legislative Council and defeated the "Grand Old Man of Bengal", Surendranath Banerjee . Though an independent, he voted with the Swaraj Party (the Parliamentary wing of the Congress party in the 1920s). As early as 1925, Roy tabled
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1764-448: Was serving as an excise inspector. His mother, Aghorkamini Devi, was religious and a devoted social worker. Roy was the youngest of five siblings, with 2 sisters (Susharbashini and Sarojini) and 2 brothers(Subodh and Sadhan). His parents were ardent Brahmo Samajists . Prakash Chandra was a descendant of the family of Maharaja Pradapaditya , the rebel Hindu king of Jessore , but did not inherit much wealth from his ancestors . He earned
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