Misplaced Pages

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38-634: The British Transport Police Authority is the police authority that oversees the British Transport Police . A police authority is a governmental body in the United Kingdom that defines strategic plans for a police force and provides accountability so that the police function "efficiently and effectively", and the British Transport Police patrol the railways in England , Wales , and Scotland . The chair, appointed by

76-446: A " watch committee " and thus appoint constables to "preserve the peace". Before the advent of police authorities, the regulatory bodies for police forces confined to a single borough were these watch committees, whilst those for counties from 1889 had been "standing joint committees" (after 1889 some control passed to the elected county council ; the joint committee also had magistrates). The Police Act 1964 introduced major reforms to

114-572: A further compensation scheme for those affected, and a wider debate on the Home Office hostile environment policy . Aderonke Apata , a Nigerian LGBT activist , made two asylum claims that were both rejected by the Home Office in 2014 and on 1 April 2015 respectively, due to her previously having been in a relationship with a man and having children with that man. In 2014, Apata said that she would send an explicit video of herself to

152-683: A joint board: The various special police forces in the United Kingdom each have different oversight arrangements. The British Transport Police , a privately funded police force responsible for policing the railways of Great Britain , is overseen by the British Transport Police Authority . The Authority was created in 2004 by the Railways and Transport Safety Act 2003 and is made up of approximately 12-15 members, each of whom represents groups concerned with

190-505: A single force, overseen by an independent "police authority". The new police authorities would consist of two-thirds elected members of county or borough councils, and one-third magistrates. Under the Local Government Act 1972 the remaining borough police forces were abolished, and police authorities consisted of county councillors and magistrates in a ratio of two to one. The Police and Magistrates' Courts Act 1994 altered

228-674: A value for money statement and to outline planned efficiency savings. Her Majesty's Inspectorate of Constabulary and the Audit Commission (or the Welsh Audit Commission in Wales) began a programme of inspection for police authorities in September 2009. Inspection scores four areas of police authority capability: Each theme was scored from one to four: The police authority was also given an overall score using

266-661: Is overseen by the Northern Ireland Policing Board , and two of the three UK-wide special police forces continue to be overseen by individual police authorities. The oversight of the two police forces serving London continues to be implemented via unique arrangements. The introduction of police forces on a national scale in England and Wales began with the Municipal Corporations Act 1835 , which required each borough to establish

304-734: Is overseen by the Scottish Police Authority , an independent public body that reports to the Scottish Parliament . The SPA also incorporated the Scottish Police Services Authority , which was the police authority for the Scottish Crime and Drug Enforcement Agency (itself merged into Police Scotland). The following police forces were supervised by one single local authority: The following police forces were supervised by

342-569: Is responsible for policing in England and Wales, fire and rescue services in England, Border Force , visas and immigration , and the Security Service (MI5) . It is also in charge of government policy on security-related issues such as drugs , counterterrorism , and immigration . It was formerly responsible for His Majesty's Prison Service and the National Probation Service , but these have been transferred to

380-650: Is still in the hands of the Home Secretary (and constitutionally made by the Monarch), although they must "have regard to any recommendations made" by the Mayor of London since the introduction of that position in 2000. The City of London Corporation has been the police authority for the City of London Police since their formal establishment in 1839. Despite the introduction of police and crime commissioners in 2012,

418-561: The Home Affairs Select Committee . The Home Office is headed by the Home Secretary , a Cabinet minister, supported by the department's senior civil servant, the permanent secretary . The Home Office comprises eleven directorates that help fulfil the department's responsibilities. As of April 2024, the Home Office works with the following agencies and public bodies: In the financial year 2022-2023,

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456-460: The Home Office in the form of an annual grant (calculated on a proportionate basis by the Home Office to take into account the differences between the 43 forces in England and Wales, which vary significantly in terms of population, geographical size and crime levels and trends), though police authorities could also set a precept on the Council Tax to raise additional funds. The Home Office had

494-620: The Ministry of Justice . The Cabinet minister responsible for the department is the Home Secretary , a post considered one of the Great Offices of State ; it has been held by Yvette Cooper since July 2024. The Home Office is managed from day to day by a civil servant , the Permanent Under-Secretary of State of the Home Office . The expenditure, administration, and policy of the Home Office are scrutinised by

532-489: The Police Reform and Social Responsibility Act 2011 police authorities were abolished and replaced with directly elected police and crime commissioners on 22 November 2012. Many of the outgoing members of police authorities stood for the role of PCC, highlighting their successive experience in the field, and many were elected. The Metropolitan Police and City of London Police have historically been exceptions to

570-554: The Secretary of State for Transport , was Alistair Graham from its founding in 2004 until the end of 2011, Millie Banerjee from 2011 to 2015. Esther McVey served as chair from 2015 to 2017. Ron Barclay-Smith was appointed as chair in 2018. This article related to government in the United Kingdom or its constituent countries is a stub . You can help Misplaced Pages by expanding it . Police authority Until 2012/13, individual police authorities were maintained for each of

608-686: The 43 territorial police forces in England and Wales , and for the 8 territorial police forces in Scotland . Police authorities in England and Wales were abolished in November 2012, and replaced with directly elected police and crime commissioners , and those in Scotland were merged in April 2013 to form the Scottish Police Authority as part of the creation of Police Scotland , the single police force for Scotland. The Police Service of Northern Ireland

646-676: The Home Office had a total budget of £20.3 billion. The Home Office ministers are as follows, with cabinet ministers in bold. King Charles III [REDACTED] William, Prince of Wales [REDACTED] Charles III ( King-in-Council ) [REDACTED] Starmer ministry ( L ) Keir Starmer ( L ) Angela Rayner ( L ) ( King-in-Parliament ) [REDACTED] Charles III [REDACTED] [REDACTED] [REDACTED] The Lord Reed The Lord Hodge Andrew Bailey Monetary Policy Committee The Department outlined its aims for this Parliament in its Business Plan, which

684-584: The Home Office had its offices in what is now the Foreign and Commonwealth Office Main Building on King Charles Street, off Whitehall . From 1978 to 2004, the Home Office was then located at 50 Queen Anne's Gate , a Brutalist office block in Westminster designed by Sir Basil Spence , close to St James's Park tube station . Many functions, however, were devolved to offices in other parts of London, and

722-411: The Home Office to prove her sexuality. This resulted in her asylum bid gaining widespread support, with multiple petitions created in response, which gained hundreds of thousands of signatures combined. On 8 August 2017, after a thirteen-year legal battle and after a new appeal from Apata was scheduled for late July, she was granted refugee status in the United Kingdom by the Home Office. Until 1978,

760-567: The Home Office. The initial responsibilities were: Responsibilities were subsequently changed over the years that followed: The Home Office retains a variety of functions that have not found a home elsewhere and sit oddly with the main law-and-order focus of the department, such as regulation of British Summer Time . On 18 July 2012, the Public and Commercial Services Union announced that thousands of Home Office employees would go on strike over jobs, pay and other issues. The union called off

798-695: The Ministry of Defence Police. The Committee (or its members) also has various functions in determining police misconduct and appeals cases. Home Office The Home Office ( HO ), also known (especially in official papers and when referred to in Parliament) as the Home Department , is a ministerial department of the Government of the United Kingdom . It is responsible for immigration , security , and law and order . As such, it

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836-443: The composition of the authorities with independent members being added. Typically, a police authority was made up of seventeen members – nine elected members (who were drawn from the local authority or authorities for the force area, and would be reflective of the political makeup of those authorities). The remaining eight members were called independent members, and were appointed from the local community for fixed terms of four years by

874-725: The control of the Mayor of London , and reporting to the Police and Crime Committee of the London Assembly . Unlike the other police forces in England and Wales, where the chief officer is appointed by the locally elected police and crime commissioner, the national and international importance of the work of the Metropolitan Police means the appointment of the Metropolitan Police Commissioner

912-523: The control, operation or use of the railways. They include representatives of the railway operators, railway users (freight and passenger), employees and the appropriate government departments dealing with transport in England, Scotland and Wales. The Civil Nuclear Constabulary , which polices nuclear power-related facilities and shipments in the United Kingdom, is overseen by the Civil Nuclear Police Authority . The Authority

950-696: The country, notably the headquarters of the Immigration and Nationality Directorate in Croydon. In 2005, the Home Office moved to a new main office designed by Sir Terry Farrell at 2 Marsham Street , Westminster, on the site of the demolished Marsham Towers building of the Department of the Environment . For external shots of its fictional Home Office, the TV series Spooks uses an aerial shot of

988-710: The function of the Corporation as the police authority was retained by the Police Reform and Social Responsibility Act 2011 . This function is currently exercised by the Police Authority Board of the Court of Common Council , the elected body that runs the Corporation. Eleven of the members of the Board — including the chair and their deputy — are elected members of the Common Council, and

1026-632: The national rule. The Metropolitan Police were under the direct control of the Home Secretary from their establishment in 1829 until 2000, when the Metropolitan Police Authority (MPA) was established under the Greater London Authority to oversee the force. The MPA was replaced in January 2012, alongside the introduction of police and crime commissioners, by the Mayor's Office for Policing and Crime , under

1064-536: The organisation and oversight of the police in England and Wales, following the report of the Royal Commission on the Police in 1962. The 1964 act abolished the old watch committee system which had come under severe criticism following several high-profile corruption scandals. The act introduced police areas , which would be administrative counties, county boroughs or "combined police areas", consisting of combinations of counties and county boroughs, served by

1102-650: The other three are appointed independent members. The appointment of the Commissioner of the City of London Police is now made by the Common Council (although technically by the Monarch). The Police Service of Northern Ireland (PSNI) is supervised by the Northern Ireland Policing Board , of which ten are members of the Northern Ireland Assembly and nine are independent. The Board and the PSNI are

1140-469: The perceived lack of accountability of police authorities to the communities they served. The Conservatives proposed to replace them with a single elected individual (a 'police and crime commissioner', criticised as a model by some in policing), whilst the Liberal Democrats proposed to introduce direct elections to police authorities, whilst strengthening their powers. Following Royal Assent of

1178-590: The police authority itself - a long list, from applications received, was submitted by a committee of elected members and magistrates to the Home Office . That committee then appointed the independent members from a shortlist returned by the Home Office. At least three of the police authority's independent members were magistrates. There was no difference in power or responsibility between the different types of member – there were examples of elected, independent and magistrate members chairing police authorities throughout England and Wales. The bulk of police funding came from

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1216-400: The power to prevent any precept increases deemed to be excessive. It was the police authority's responsibility to set the budget for the force area, which included allocating itself enough money from the overall policing budget to ensure that it can discharge its own functions effectively. In its annual Policing Plan, a police authority was obliged to publish its budget for the year, as well as

1254-751: The same 1-4 system. Ten inspection reports were published, with the majority of inspected authorities scoring 2. The inspectorates published "Learning Lessons: An overview of the first ten joint inspections of police authorities by HMIC and the Audit Commission", outlining their findings from the first ten inspections, in March 2010. In the 2010 British general election campaign , both the Conservative Party and Liberal Democrats ' manifestos outlined plans, respectively, to replace or reform police authorities, both parties raising concerns about

1292-494: The strike; it claimed the department had, consequent to the threat of actions, announced 1,100 new border jobs. The first allegations about the targeting of pre-1973 Caribbean migrants started in 2013. In 2018, the allegations were put to the Home Secretary in the House of Commons , and resulted in the resignation of the then Home Secretary. The Windrush scandal resulted in some British citizens being wrongly deported, along with

1330-648: The successors to the Police Authority for Northern Ireland and Royal Ulster Constabulary respectively, who they replaced on 4 November 2001. In Scotland , supervision of the police was historically the responsibility of the elected local authority which either directly supervised the local police force where its border was conterminous with the force, or through joint boards with neighbouring local authorities where one forces covered more than one council area. The eight territorial police forces in Scotland were replaced in April 2013 by Police Scotland , which

1368-533: Was created in 2004 by the Energy Act 2004 ; it is made up of eight members; four are nominated by the nuclear industry, while the remaining four include the Chairman. The Ministry of Defence Police does not have a police authority; however, the Ministry of Defence Police Committee , established by the Ministry of Defence Police Act 1987 , advises the Secretary of State for Defence on matters concerning

1406-542: Was published in May 2011, and superseded its Structural Reform Plan. The plan said the department will: The Home Office publishes progress against the plan on the 10 Downing Street website. On 27 March 1782 ; 242 years ago  ( 1782-03-27 ) , the Home Office was formed by renaming the existing Southern Department , with all existing staff transferring. On the same day, the Northern Department

1444-740: Was renamed the Foreign Office . To match the new names, there was a transferring of responsibilities between the two Departments of State. All domestic responsibilities (including colonies, previously administered under the Board of Trade ) were moved to the Home Office, and all foreign matters (including the administration of British protectorates ) became the concern of the Foreign Office. Most subsequently created domestic departments (excluding, for instance, those dealing with education) have been formed by splitting responsibilities away from

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