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63-557: Bulawayo Railway Museum (established 1972) is a railway museum located at Bulawayo railway station in Zimbabwe that houses several exhibitions on the history of the railway system in Zimbabwe, formerly Rhodesia . Its oldest exhibits date back to 1897, and include Cecil Rhodes ' personal railway coach. The museum is owned by National Railways of Zimbabwe (NRZ). Due to the severe shortage of rolling stock, some steam locomotives from

126-521: A state-owned daily newspaper, and its Sunday edition, The Sunday News , are published in Bulawayo. The Chronicle is the second-oldest newspaper in Zimbabwe, and along with The Herald , published in Harare, it is one of two major state-owned newspapers in the country. UMthunywa , a state-owned Ndebele -language newspaper, is also published in Bulawayo, where the majority of the population belongs to

189-590: A 'heritage city', with its wide main streets refurbished and its Victorian architecture and industrial heritage preserved. Institutions such as the Bulawayo Railway Museum and Nesbitt Castle were restored. The city was also recognised as a centre of excellence in tertiary education and research, as the National University of Science and Technology, Zimbabwe was formed and expanded and other colleges growth also accelerated. Since

252-717: A hot dry period in early summer from late August to early November; and a warm wet period in the rest of the summer, early November to April. The hottest month is October, which is usually the height of the dry season. The average maximum temperature ranges from 21 °C (70 °F) in July to 30 °C (86 °F) in October. During the rainy season, daytime maxima are around 26 °C (79 °F). Nights are always cool, ranging from 8 °C (46 °F) in July to 16 °C (61 °F) in January. The city's average annual rainfall

315-660: A plain that marks the Highveld of Zimbabwe and is close to the watershed between the Zambezi and Limpopo drainage basins. The land slopes gently downwards to the north and northwest. The southern side is hillier, and the land becomes more broken in the direction of the Matobo Hills to the south. Under the Köppen climate classification , Bulawayo features a hot semi-arid climate ( BSh ). Due to its relatively high altitude,

378-408: A public hospital network , operates Bulawayo Central Hospital , Richard Morris Hospital, Lady Rodwell Maternity Hospital, and Robbie Gibson Infectious Diseases Hospital. Mpilo Central Hospital , is the largest hospital in Bulawayo, and the second-largest in Zimbabwe, and features a nursing school and midwifery school on its campus. Bulawayo is also home to Ingutsheni Hospital , which at 700 beds

441-457: A railway station was expected to have during Rhodesian Railway times. This hall was once the mechanical workshop of the Bulawayo station. In it can be found much of the mechanical equipment used there and at the station. There is also a wall of fame of Chief Mechanical Engineers since the start of Rhodesia Railways until 2013. This hall houses the most important exhibits at the Museum. The Museum

504-537: A significant attack against Bulawayo, although over 10,000 Ndebele warriors gathered to surround the town. Rather than wait passively for attack, the settlers mounted patrols, called the Bulawayo Field Force, under Frederick Selous and Frederick Russell Burnham . These patrols rode out to rescue any surviving settlers in the countryside and attacked the Ndebele. In the first week of fighting, 20 men of

567-436: A small number of expats, mostly from neighbouring countries. The Central Business District has the widest roads. These were designed to accommodate the ox-drawn carts, and to allow them to make a turn in the street, that were used as a primary means of transport when the town was planned and erected. Bulawayo is nicknamed the "City of Kings" or "kontuthu ziyathunqa"—a Ndebele phrase for "smoke arising". This name arose from

630-573: A total road network of about 2,100 kilometres; 70 percent was declared in 2017 in a poor condition. The R2 road links Bulawayo with the Capital Harare, and the Cape to Cairo Road links with the Gaborone and Lusaka . The Bulawayo railway station is the central point of the railway line that connects the cities of Lusaka and Gaborone (part of the Cape to Cairo Railway ), as well as being

693-552: Is 594 mm ( 23 + 3 ⁄ 8  in), which supports a natural vegetation of open woodland, dominated by Combretum and Terminalia trees. Most rain falls in the December to February period, while June to August is usually rainless. Being close to the Kalahari Desert , Bulawayo is vulnerable to droughts and rainfall tends to vary sharply from one year to another. In 1978, 888 mm (35 in) of rain fell in

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756-501: Is also involved in inter university games, which are held at a national level. On 19 May 1991, Professor P.M. Makhurane was appointed as the inaugural Vice-Chancellor of the University and soon after that Mr Lameck Sithole and Mr Michael Kariwo were appointed as the first Bursar and first Registrar respectively. By 1 October 1991, there were 270 students, 28 academic staff, 41 administrators, and 11 support staff. On 28 October 1991,

819-575: Is disputed; the 2022 census listed it at 665,940, while the Bulawayo City Council claimed it to be about 1.2 million. Bulawayo covers an area of 546 square kilometres (211 square miles) in the western part of the country, along the Matsheumhlope River. Along with the capital Harare , Bulawayo is one of two cities in Zimbabwe that are also provinces . Bulawayo was founded by a group led by Gundwane Ndiweni around 1840 as

882-660: Is seen by investors in the city who admire the already-available infrastructure; the huge workforce; and Bulawayo as a potential business hub. It is set to once again contribute greatly to the economy of Zimbabwe. These include: Bulawayo is governed by the Bulawayo City Council , which is headed by the Mayor of Bulawayo . Bulawayo has museums of national importance, including the Natural History Museum of Zimbabwe , National Gallery, Bulawayo and

945-528: Is the largest psychiatric hospital in Zimbabwe. Other hospitals in Bulawayo include All Saints Children's Hospital, Hillside Hospital, Mater Dei Hospital , the Nervous Disorders Hospital, St Francis Hospital and Thorngrove Isolation Hospital. In Bulawayo, there are 128 primary and 48 secondary schools. Bulawayo is home to a number of colleges and universities . The National University of Science and Technology, Zimbabwe, ( NUST ),

1008-572: The Bulawayo Railway Museum . Bulawayo also hosts an arts and culture festival annually in September, the Intwasa Arts Festival. There are a number of parks in Bulawayo, including: Bulawayo is located in the south west of Zimbabwe. It is in the middle of the savanna country. It has four seasons, with rains starting in late October to about March. Coldest months being May and June with July being cold and windy. The city sits on

1071-475: The Matobo Hills near Bulawayo. Not until October 1896 did the Ndebele finally surrender their arms to the invaders. By the late 1930s, Bulawayo was no longer the country's biggest city. Influence and activity moved eastwards to the other cities, especially Salisbury, a trend which continues up to the present day. Despite this, after the Second World War , prosperity and population growth revived, as

1134-552: The Ndebele word bulala and it translates to "the one to be killed". It is thought that at the time of the formation of the city there was a civil war. Mbiko ka Madlenya Masuku, a trusted confidant of King Mzilikazi and leader of the Zwangendaba regiment, fought Prince Lobhengula as he did not believe that he was the legitimate heir to the throne. This was because Lobhengula was born to a Swazi mother, and Masuku felt that she

1197-438: The Ndebele people . Private online publications like Bulawayo24 News and B-Metro are also based in Bulawayo. National University of Science and Technology, Zimbabwe The university has established its own radio station known as nustFM NUST has 7 faculties. Each faculty consists of a number of related departments, each offering a degree program. The faculty of Engineering offers Bachelor of Engineering Honors degrees in

1260-645: The Second Matabele War . Bulawayo attained municipality status in 1897, and city status in 1943. Historically, Bulawayo has been the principal industrial centre of Zimbabwe; its factories produce cars and car products, building materials, electronic products, textiles, furniture, and food products. Bulawayo is also the hub of Zimbabwe's rail network and the headquarters of the National Railways of Zimbabwe . Bulawayo's central business district (CBD) covers 5.4 km (2.1 sq mi) in

1323-550: The United Kingdom , Canada and Australia . Public service concerns have become steadily more acute, with particular concern in the health sector from a growing shortage of experienced doctors and nurses. As a result, the city faced an avoidable cholera outbreak in 2008. Though the city is the centre of the southern population generally categorized as the Matebele, the population includes various ethnicities, as well as

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1386-487: The kraal of Mzilikazi , the Ndebele king and was known as Gibixhegu. His son, Lobengula , succeeded him in the 1860s, and changed the name to koBulawayo and ruled from Bulawayo until 1893, when the settlement was captured by British South Africa Company soldiers during the First Matabele War . That year, the first white settlers arrived and rebuilt the town. The town was besieged by Ndebele warriors during

1449-654: The 1860s, the city was influenced by European intrigue. Many colonial powers cast covetous eyes on Bulawayo and the land surrounding it because of its strategic location. Britain made skilful use of private initiative in the shape of Cecil Rhodes and the Chartered Company to disarm the suspicion of her rivals. Lobengula once described Britain as a chameleon and himself as the fly. During the 1893 First Matabele War , British South Africa Company (BSAC) troops invaded and forced King Lobengula to evacuate his followers, after first detonating munitions and setting fire to

1512-554: The 1970s and the Matabeleland Zambezi Water Project which would put an end to the water issue in Matabeleland was drafted; however, this project was put on hold soon after independence. These allegations have all been refuted by national authorities. The city still contains the bulk of Zimbabwe's heavy industry and food processing capability. Like many parts of the country, Bulawayo has for

1575-467: The 2013 intake and as of today is currently running. NUST offers degrees in partnerships with other institutions. In 2015, it was announced that the university inked a partnership with TelOne's technical institute. Time and again there has been calls to whether or not the NUST is fulfilling its mandate. One such call assumes the university is drifting away from why it was initially founded. The university

1638-568: The Bachelor of Medicine, Bachelor of Surgery (MBBS) degree whose duration is 6½years Offers degree programs in the following areas: The newly formed faculty consists of the following departments: The main campus is located on the A6 highway in Ascot, Bulawayo. The Faculty of Medicine is located at Mpilo Hospital, and the library in the city center. This block holds the main administration offices of

1701-639: The British colonial system, and Lt. Col. Harry White was appointed as one of the first mayors. At the outbreak of the Second Matabele War , in March 1896, Bulawayo was besieged by Ndebele forces. The settlers established a laager here for defensive purposes. The Ndebele had experienced the brutal effectiveness of the Maxim guns employed by BSAC troops in the First Matabele War, so they never mounted

1764-449: The Bulawayo Field Force were killed and 50 were wounded. An unknown number of Ndebele were killed and wounded. During the siege, conditions in Bulawayo quickly deteriorated. By day, settlers could go to homes and buildings in the town, but at night they were forced to seek shelter in the much smaller laager. Nearly 1,000 women and children were crowded into the small area and false alarms of attacks were common. The Ndebele neglected to cut

1827-613: The Bulawayo Railway Museum. The first one, right by the entrance, is the Shamva Station and the other is the Main Hall which houses many of the special exhibits. This is a typical Rhodesian Railways station building, dismantled and moved from Shamva to the museum to serve as the main reception. It consists of a ticketing office with most of the notice boards and equipment (rain gauge, fire extinguishers, etc)

1890-508: The Faculty of Commerce Building on 17 August 1998. In 2011, NUST faculty of Medicine was closed because it was unable to comply with medical council requirements. The Zimbabwean government went even further by declaring that any diplomas, degrees, or certificates received from the medical school through government funding would be withdrawn until these graduates served the government for the years they received funding. The faculty reopened for

1953-464: The Faculty of Industrial Technology and the Department of Computer Science were conferred with degrees on that occasion. A donation by the Bulawayo City Council of a site 160 hectares in size and the provision of a capital budget by the government has enabled the first construction phase to begin. Work started in March 1992 when the first contract valued at Z$ 4,6m was awarded to A. P. Gledinning for

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2016-553: The National Museum, is located in Bulawayo. The city is close to tourist sites such as Matobo National Park and the Khami World Heritage Site . The city was founded by the Ndebele king Lobengula , the son of King Mzilikazi, born of Matshobana, who settled in modern-day Zimbabwe around the 1840s. This followed the Ndebele people's great trek from northern Kwazulu . The name Bulawayo comes from

2079-599: The Pumula and Robert Sinyoka suburbs show that well water maintain levels of coliform higher than the Standards Association of Zimbabwe and World Health Organization give. Bulawayo is home to the Queens Sports Club and Bulawayo Athletic Club , two of the three grounds in Zimbabwe where test match cricket has been played. Bulawayo Golf Club, the first golf club in the city and country,

2142-721: The United College of Education for primary education. Bulawayo is home to a number of institutes of technology and vocational colleges , including Zimbabwe School of Mines , Westgate Industrial Training College, and the Zimbabwe Theological College. In addition companies such as the National Railways of Zimbabwe NRZ and Zimbabwe Electricity and Supply Authority ZESA offer apprenticeship training for qualifying students who then become certified artisans upon completion. The Chronicle ,

2205-668: The ZANU PF government in Harare and the MDC run Bulawayo council, for instance, the National railways of Zimbabwe (headquarters in Bulawayo) is a government owned entity and, as such, should have been thriving had it not been for embezzlement of funds by company executives who are believed to be Shona. The water issue is not new and had brought about the "help a thirsty Matabele" initiative of

2268-498: The Zimbabwe International Trade Fair being hosted in Bulawayo. It had a large manufacturing presence with large industries based here before Zimbabwe's economic decline. However, some of these companies have either moved operations to Harare or have closed down — which has crippled Bulawayo's economy. Most factories are deserted and the infrastructure has since been left to deteriorate. The reason for

2331-570: The bulk earth works and civil engineering construction for roads. Briefs for the building were completed in May 1992. In July 1993, the construction programme started with the award of the first contract to Belmont Construction for the Administration Block. A year later, in September 1994 the second contractor, International Construction Zimbabwe started work on the Faculty of Commerce block. In November and December 1994 work also started on

2394-576: The city became an industrial powerhouse, peaking during the Federal years as new markets opened in Malawi and Zambia . However, Bulawayo trailed the development of other cities notably, Johannesburg , Harare and Cape Town during the same period. In 1943, Bulawayo received city status. By 1992, population decline and slow growth were beginning to occur which disproportionately affected heavy industry. In response, Bulawayo sought to re-invent itself as

2457-436: The city has fairly moderate temperatures despite lying in the tropics. The mean annual temperature is 19.16 °C (66.49 °F), similar to Pretoria at a similar altitude but almost 600 kilometres or 370 miles further south. As with much of southern and eastern Zimbabwe, Bulawayo is cooled by a prevailing southeasterly airflow most of the year and experiences three broad seasons: a dry, cool winter season from May to August;

2520-509: The city's historically large industrial base. The large cooling towers of the coal-powered electricity generating plant situated in the city centre once used to exhaust steam and smoke over the city. The population of Bulawayo, according to the 2012 national census, stood at 653,337; however, this figure has been rejected by the Bulawayo City Council authority with Councillor Martin Moyo claiming an anti-Bulawayo conspiracy to under-fund projects in

2583-419: The city. The vast majority of Bulawayo City residents were Black African with 97.96%. Other ethnic groups in the city were Coloured (0.9%), White (0.75%), Asian (0.22%). Members of other ethnic groups comprised 0.02%, and 0.14% of the city did not state their ethnic group. There were 4,926 White Zimbabweans living in Bulawayo in 2012. Bulawayo was known as the industrial hub of Zimbabwe, leading to

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2646-498: The de-industrialization has largely been political, with some factories like Goldstar Sugars removing machinery to open new factories in Harare. When the Zimbabwean government passed indigenisation laws, some successful businesses were taken over by ZANU–PF supporters, only to close down a few years later. Many locals argue that it is because of marginalisation they experience against the government due to political tensions with

2709-689: The departments of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering respectively. Construction of the first student hostel began a year later, in September 1995. Work on the library began in April 1998, followed by the Ceremonial Hall and the Student Services Centre in November of the same year. The university moved to campus on 1 August 1998, to occupy the Faculty of Commerce and Administration Buildings. The first lectures on campus took place in

2772-465: The engineering departments, Chemical, Civil and Electronic. Construction never completed on the buildings, as such there was no official handover of the building. The ceremonial hall is where graduation takes place. This is the same building where the students write their exams. Any other functions that attract attentions of the whole university all take place in the same hall. There are other buildings that are still under construction. The buildings are

2835-462: The following programs: The programs take a 5-year course, The Faculty offers four year Bachelor of Commerce Honors Degrees in seven specialized disciplines. Programs are offered for full-time. The third year is Industrial Attachment. The Faculty of Applied Sciences offers Four Year Bachelor of Science Honors Degrees for full-time students. MPhil and DPhil programs are also available as either part or full-time courses. The Faculty of Medicine offers

2898-479: The heart of the city and is surrounded by numerous suburbs. The majority of the city's population belongs to the Ndebele people , with minorities of Shona and other groups. Bulawayo is home to over a dozen colleges and universities, most notably the National University of Science and Technology , Bulawayo Polytechnic College, Zimbabwe School of Mines , Hillside Teachers College, and the United College of Education. The Natural History Museum of Zimbabwe , formerly

2961-410: The late 20th century, Bulawayo has suffered a sharp fall in living standards coinciding with the protracted economic crisis affecting the country. The main challenges the city faces include underinvestment, declining infrastructure , de-industrialisation and the effects of corruption and nepotism. Much of the city's educated workers have migrated south to neighbouring South Africa or further afield to

3024-431: The main library and a shopping mall. Construction is currently on hold, and has been so for several years now. NUST has a small facility in Harare. The facility offers seven post graduate degrees, although it is mainly administrative. The offices streamline the payment of fees and registration for residents of Harare. Student residence is offered as on campus residence, as well as city center residence. The conditions at

3087-693: The museum have, in the past, been refurbished and returned to service. Main exhibits are grouped into seven different classes namely: There are also a number of items and pieces of art related to the railway industry at the museum. These include pictures of the day the Queen of the United Kingdom visited Rhodesia, pictures of the "white train", a chronicle of Rhodes ' death with his furniture in his coach, typewriters, train ticketing machines, train tickets, train passes, train destination boards, models of locomotives and coaches. There are two key buildings at

3150-499: The overwhelming increase in population versus the static and sometimes decreasing capacity of the reserve dams. The geographical factors causing water scarcity are rising temperatures, the area's high elevation and the arid environment of Matabeleland . Environmental and sanitation circumstances have detrimental effects on water quality. Sources such as groundwater and tap water are subject to pollution due to waste from burst sewers contaminating them. Samples taken from well water from

3213-456: The past ten years seen a huge drop in service delivery and an increase in unemployment, with many who can opting to seek better prospects abroad. Many people resorted to farming, mining, and the black market for sustenance, while others depended on the little foreign currency that would be sent by family in other countries. However, with inauguration of the Mnangagwa government, a new approach

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3276-608: The same period academic staff grew to 85. On 27 May 1995 the university held its first graduation ceremony at which the Doctor of Technology honorary degree was conferred upon the President and Chancellor Cde R.G. Mugabe. Some graduates from the Faculties of Commerce and Applied Sciences were capped. On 20 July 1995, the university held its second graduation ceremony, where 281 graduands were capped. The first cohort of graduates from

3339-540: The second largest university in Zimbabwe, was established in Bulawayo in 1991. Solusi University , a Seventh-day Adventist institution established in Bulawayo in 1894, gained university status in 1994. The Bulawayo Polytechnic College offers tertiary training for students who have completed GCE O Level and A Level education. It issues national certificates NC , diplomas and higher national diplomas HND certificates. Bulawayo has two specialist teacher training colleges: Hillside Teachers College for secondary education and

3402-513: The telegraph lines connecting Bulawayo to Mafikeng . The settlers and forces appealed for relief, and the BSAC sent additional troops from Salisbury and Fort Victoria (now Harare and Masvingo respectively) 500 kilometres (300 miles) to the north, and from Kimberley and Mafeking 1,000 km (600 mi) to the south. Once the relief forces arrived in late May 1896, the siege was broken. An estimated 50,000 Ndebele retreated into their stronghold of

3465-616: The terminal of the Beira–Bulawayo railway , which connects with the cities of Gweru , Harare , Mutare and Beira . Through the station in the outskirts of Umzingwane , the city of Bulawayo is connected to the Beitbridge Bulawayo Railway . On 1 November 2013, a new terminal of Joshua Mqabuko Nkomo International Airport , formerly known as Bulawayo Airport, was opened. Bulawayo is home to many hospitals and other medical facilities. The United Bulawayo Hospitals,

3528-565: The three months up to February (February 1944 is the wettest month on record with 368 millimetres or 14 + 1 ⁄ 2 inches) while in the three months ending in February 1983, only 84 mm ( 3 + 1 ⁄ 4  in) fell. Bulawayo has good-quality tap water owing to the management of the water authorities, meeting international standards. Bulawayo does not recycle waste water but uses treated waste water for irrigation. Bulawayo experiences water shortages in drought seasons due to

3591-480: The town. BSAC troops and white settlers occupied the ruins. On 4 November 1893, Leander Starr Jameson declared Bulawayo a settlement under the rule of the BSAC. Cecil Rhodes ordered the new settlement to be founded on the ruins of Lobengula's royal kraal, a typical action by a conquering power. This is where the State House stands today. In 1897, the new town of Bulawayo acquired the status of municipality in

3654-489: The two locations are generally the same. NUST offers very limited accommodation for students. As a result, most students rely on accommodation as tenants in the nearby suburbs. The accommodation is readily available, but sometimes it costs a fortune to stay close to the campus. NUST offers several sporting activities. The most notable on campus activities are Inter-Faculty games and the Vice Chancellor's games. NUST

3717-453: The university organized a public ceremony to install its first Chancellor Cde R. G. Mugabe, President of Zimbabwe and its first Vice-Chancellor, Professor Phinias Makhurane, and to lay the institution's foundation stone. For the 1992/93 academic year, the university admitted an additional 300 students into the first year in the three faculties (Commerce, Applied Science and Industrial Technology). Student numbers grew to over 1200 by 1995. During

3780-567: The university. The burser's department, registrar et al. are found in this block. Every academic department has an office in this block to facilitate registration and other issues. The Administration block was the first to be constructed on the campus. The commerce block was the second building on the campus. The first lecture on campus was in this building. It holds the faculty of Commerce. The building boasts lecture theatres that can contain whole faculties. This makes it ideal for meetings and other activities that require dialogue. This block holds

3843-411: Was created by Rhodesia Railways and is now owned by National Railways of Zimbabwe . It is managed by Gordon Murray, a retired member of the company. Bulawayo Bulawayo ( / b ʊ l ə ˈ w ɑː j oʊ / , /- ˈ w eɪ oʊ / ; Northern Ndebele : Bulawayo ) is the second largest city in Zimbabwe , and the largest city in the country's Matabeleland region. The city's population

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3906-610: Was established in 1895. The Matsheumhlope Stream cuts through the 18 hole course in the suburbs. It is home to Hartsfield Rugby grounds where many international Test matches have been played. Hartsfield was developed by Reg Hart, after whom the grounds were named and on which field many of southern Africa's greatest rugby players have competed. It is home to two large football teams: Highlanders and Zimbabwe Saints . Other football teams include Bantu Rovers , Chicken Inn , How Mine , Quelaton, and Bulawayo City (R). Other important sporting and recreational facilities include: The city has

3969-528: Was of a lesser class. At the time Lobengula was a prince fighting to ascend his father's throne. It was common at the time for people to refer to Bulawayo as Bulawayo UmntwaneNkosi , "a place where they are fighting or rising against the prince". The city of Bulawayo coincidentally has a similar name to the capital of the great Zulu warrior king Shaka ka Senzangakhona in Kwazulu , where Mzilikazi and his Khumalo clan and other Nguni people came from. In

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