79-528: GPD Win is a Windows -based palmtop computer equipped with a keyboard and video game controls, designed by GamePad Digital (GPD) of China. It is an x86 -based computer that runs Windows 10 and so is able to run x86 applications within the confines of the computer's hardware. First announced in October 2015, it was crowdfunded via Indiegogo and two other crowdfunding sites in Japan and China. The GPD Win
158-587: A handheld . GamePad Digital first explored the idea of GPD Win in October 2015. In December 2015, the physical design and hardware specifications were determined. In March 2016, initial prototypes were finished, debugged, and shipped. GPD started accepting pre-orders in June 2016 through several online retailers, including the Indiegogo page. Pre-order backers were offered units for a discounted price of $ 330, with an estimated final retail price of $ 499, but settling on
237-741: A web browser . The new service is an attempt at capitalizing on the growing trend, fostered during the COVID-19 pandemic , for businesses to adopt a hybrid remote work environment, in which "employees split their time between the office and home". As the service will be accessible through web browsers, Microsoft will be able to bypass the need to publish the service through Google Play or the Apple App Store . Microsoft announced Windows 365 availability to business and enterprise customers on August 2, 2021. Multilingual support has been built into Windows since Windows 3.0. The language for both
316-608: A 5.5-inch 1280×720 (720p) H-IPS multi-directional touch screen in a 16:9 ratio, reinforced by Gorilla Glass 3. The audio system consists of a built-in speaker using the Realtek ALC5645 driver, and a microphone jack. It supports typical audio/video/image formats, such as MP3, MP4, JPG, PNG, and GIF. The system has a 6700mAh polymer lithium-ion battery with a USB-C charging interface (5 V/2.5 A). It has support for Bluetooth 4.0 and 802.11 b/g/n/ac (5 GHz and 2.4 GHz) WiFi. GamePad Digital began shipping
395-586: A base clock speed of 1.0 GHz, and a max of 2.6 GHz with Turbo Boost . This gives a single and multi-core performance with four and two times the benchmark points respectively, as the Intel Atom x7-Z8750 CPU found in the GPD Win. The 9th generation Intel HD Graphics 615 integrated card has 24 EU , up 8 more from the 405 card in the Win, and has a max dynamic frequency of 900 MHz, up from 600 MHz on
474-550: A change which Microsoft promised would provide better performance over its DOS-based predecessors. Windows XP would also introduce a redesigned user interface (including an updated Start menu and a "task-oriented" Windows Explorer ), streamlined multimedia and networking features, Internet Explorer 6 , integration with Microsoft's .NET Passport services, a " compatibility mode " to help provide backwards compatibility with software designed for previous versions of Windows, and Remote Assistance functionality. At retail, Windows XP
553-513: A large number of new features, Windows 7 was intended to be a more focused, incremental upgrade to the Windows line, with the goal of being compatible with applications and hardware with which Windows Vista was already compatible. Windows 7 has multi-touch support, a redesigned Windows shell with an updated taskbar with revealable jump lists that contain shortcuts to files frequently used with specific applications and shortcuts to tasks within
632-420: A lightweight distribution for maximum multitasking performance. The GPD Win 2 frame is made of magnesium alloy, with a replaceable black ABS cover. The main shell is made of ABS to reduce weight. It has an 80-key QWERTY keyboard that extends across the body of the device. This differs from the GPD Win, which had a column of keys on the right side. The game controller has the same dual analog sticks flanking
711-610: A modular, portable kernel with preemptive multitasking and support for multiple processor architectures. However, following the successful release of Windows 3.0 , the NT development team decided to rework the project to use an extended 32-bit port of the Windows API known as Win32 instead of those of OS/2. Win32 maintained a similar structure to the Windows APIs (allowing existing Windows applications to easily be ported to
790-400: A new Windows 365 service in the following month. The new service will allow for cross-platform usage , aiming to make the operating system available for both Apple and Android users. It is a separate service and offers several variations including Windows 365 Frontline, Windows 365 Boot, and the Windows 365 app. The subscription service will be accessible through any operating system with
869-495: A price of $ 330 after release. The initially stated goal was $ 100,000. In August 2016, a small batch shipment to industry personnel was shipped. GPD started shipping the final product by October 2016. The GPD Win runs Windows 11 Home and is able to run most x86 Windows applications that can be run on desktops and laptops. As of April 2017, several patches are available for the Linux kernel that allows mostly complete functionality of
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#1732797337044948-579: A program called "Interface Manager". The name "Windows" comes from the fact that the system was one of the first to use graphical boxes to represent programs; in the industry, at the time, these were called "windows" and the underlying software was called "windowing software." It was announced in November 1983 (after the Apple Lisa , but before the Macintosh ) under the name "Windows", but Windows 1.0
1027-510: A redesigned, object oriented user interface, replacing the previous Program Manager with the Start menu , taskbar , and Windows Explorer shell . Windows 95 was a major commercial success for Microsoft; Ina Fried of CNET remarked that "by the time Windows 95 was finally ushered off the market in 2001, it had become a fixture on computer desktops around the world." Microsoft published four OEM Service Releases (OSR) of Windows 95, each of which
1106-465: A special version with integrated peer-to-peer networking features and a version number of 3.11, was released. It was sold along with Windows 3.1. Support for Windows 3.1 ended on December 31, 2001. Windows 3.2, released in 1994, is an updated version of the Chinese version of Windows 3.1. The update was limited to this language version, as it fixed only issues related to the complex writing system of
1185-543: A specific base language and are commonly used for more popular languages such as French or Chinese. These languages cannot be downloaded through the Download Center, but are available as optional updates through the Windows Update service (except Windows 8). The interface language of installed applications is not affected by changes in the Windows interface language. The availability of languages depends on
1264-416: A successor to NT 4.0. The Windows NT name was dropped at this point in order to put a greater focus on the Windows brand. The next major version of Windows NT, Windows XP , was released to manufacturing (RTM) on August 24, 2001, and to the general public on October 25, 2001. The introduction of Windows XP aimed to unify the consumer-oriented Windows 9x series with the architecture introduced by Windows NT,
1343-458: A video review of the GPD Win on his YouTube channel Linus Tech Tips and stated that it handles gaming and multitasking capabilities and was happy with the hardware specifications, hardware design, and features overall. He stated that deciding whether it was worth the price was up to the user and that Win made him excited about the prospect of what UMPCs will be capable of in the near future as the hardware progresses further. GamePad Digital announced
1422-549: Is a product line of proprietary graphical operating systems developed and marketed by Microsoft . It is grouped into families and sub-families that cater to particular sectors of the computing industry – Windows (unqualified) for a consumer or corporate workstation , Windows Server for a server and Windows IoT for an embedded system . Windows is sold as either a consumer retail product or licensed to third-party hardware manufacturers who sell products bundled with Windows. The first version of Windows, Windows 1.0 ,
1501-749: Is a claimed 49% increase of battery capacity over the GPD Win. The battery has been rated for a maximum of 6 hours of gameplay battery life. GamePad Digital claims the Win 2 to be the first device to support PD 2.0 fast charge via the USB-C cable, and that it can go from half-full battery to full charge within 45 minutes. 12v 2a Quick Charge 5v 3a or 12v 2a Quick Charge The GPD Win 2 has been tested to run various modern games on low settings. Grand Theft Auto V has run at 38 FPS . Overwatch runs at 50–70 FPS, and The Elder Scrolls V: Skyrim runs at an average of 53 FPS. Street Fighter IV for instance can be seen running at three times faster frame rate than on
1580-435: Is an edition of Windows that runs on minimalistic computers , like satellite navigation systems and some mobile phones. Windows Embedded Compact is based on its own dedicated kernel, dubbed Windows CE kernel. Microsoft licenses Windows CE to OEMs and device makers. The OEMs and device makers can modify and create their own user interfaces and experiences, while Windows CE provides the technical foundation to do so. Windows CE
1659-450: Is an unofficial name given to the version of Windows that runs on Xbox consoles. From Xbox One onwards it is an implementation with an emphasis on virtualization (using Hyper-V ) as it is three operating systems running at once, consisting of the core operating system , a second implemented for games and a more Windows-like environment for applications. Microsoft updates Xbox One's OS every month, and these updates can be downloaded from
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#17327973370441738-529: Is said to be available to update from qualified Windows 7 with SP1, Windows 8.1 and Windows Phone 8.1 devices from the Get Windows 10 Application (for Windows 7 , Windows 8.1 ) or Windows Update ( Windows 7 ). In February 2017, Microsoft announced the migration of its Windows source code repository from Perforce to Git . This migration involved 3.5 million separate files in a 300-gigabyte repository. By May 2017, 90 percent of its engineering team
1817-573: Is the most popular desktop operating system in the world, with a 70% market share as of March 2023 , according to StatCounter ; however when including mobile OS es, it is not the most used, in favor of Android . As of today, the most recent version of Windows is Windows 11 for consumer PCs and tablets , Windows 11 Enterprise for corporations, and Windows Server 2025 for servers. Still supported are some editions of Windows 10 , Windows Server 2016 or later (and exceptionally with paid support down to Windows Server 2008 ). As of today,
1896-447: Is the last Windows client operating system to support Itanium. Windows Server line continues to support this platform until Windows Server 2012 ; Windows Server 2008 R2 is the last Windows operating system to support Itanium architecture. On April 25, 2005, Microsoft released Windows XP Professional x64 Edition and Windows Server 2003 x64 editions to support x86-64 (or simply x64), the 64-bit version of x86 architecture. Windows Vista
1975-722: The GPD Win 2 in early 2017. It has a few external hardware changes, including moving the analog knobs outwards from the frame, the removal of the D-pad, and an additional shoulder button on each side, for a total of six. XGP Windows 24H2 (10.0.26100.2454) (November 21, 2024 ; 6 days ago ( 2024-11-21 ) ) [±] 23H2 (10.0.22635.4515) (November 22, 2024 ; 5 days ago ( 2024-11-22 ) ) [±] 24H2 (10.0.26120.2415) (November 22, 2024 ; 5 days ago ( 2024-11-22 ) ) [±] Microsoft Windows
2054-585: The Start screen , which uses large tiles that are more convenient for touch interactions and allow for the display of continually updated information, and a new class of apps which are designed primarily for use on touch-based devices. The new Windows version required a minimum resolution of 1024×768 pixels, effectively making it unfit for netbooks with 800×600-pixel screens. Other changes include increased integration with cloud services and other online platforms (such as social networks and Microsoft's own OneDrive (formerly SkyDrive) and Xbox Live services),
2133-974: The Windows Driver Model , support for USB composite devices , support for ACPI , hibernation , and support for multi-monitor configurations. Windows 98 also included integration with Internet Explorer 4 through Active Desktop and other aspects of the Windows Desktop Update (a series of enhancements to the Explorer shell which was also made available for Windows 95). In May 1999, Microsoft released Windows 98 Second Edition , an updated version of Windows 98. Windows 98 SE added Internet Explorer 5.0 and Windows Media Player 6.2 amongst other upgrades. Mainstream support for Windows 98 ended on June 30, 2002, and extended support for Windows 98 ended on July 11, 2006. On September 14, 2000, Microsoft released Windows Me (Millennium Edition),
2212-505: The Windows Image Acquisition framework for retrieving images from scanners and digital cameras), additional system utilities such as System File Protection and System Restore , and updated home networking tools. However, Windows Me was faced with criticism for its speed and instability, along with hardware compatibility issues and its removal of real mode DOS support. PC World considered Windows Me to be one of
2291-578: The Windows Store service for software distribution, and a new variant known as Windows RT for use on devices that utilize the ARM architecture , and a new keyboard shortcut for screenshots . An update to Windows 8, called Windows 8.1 , was released on October 17, 2013, and includes features such as new live tile sizes, deeper OneDrive integration, and many other revisions. Windows 8 and Windows 8.1 have been subject to some criticism, such as
2370-451: The x86 -based personal computer became dominant in the professional world. Windows NT 4.0 and its predecessors supported PowerPC , DEC Alpha and MIPS R4000 (although some of the platforms implement 64-bit computing , the OS treated them as 32-bit). Windows 2000 dropped support for all platforms, except the third generation x86 (known as IA-32 ) or newer in 32-bit mode. The client line of
2449-446: The "Tablet PC" edition (designed for mobile devices meeting its specifications for a tablet computer , with support for stylus pen input and additional pen-enabled applications). Mainstream support for Windows XP ended on April 14, 2009. Extended support ended on April 8, 2014. After Windows 2000, Microsoft also changed its release schedules for server operating systems; the server counterpart of Windows XP, Windows Server 2003 ,
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2528-736: The C development environment, which included numerous windows samples. Windows 2.0 was released in December 1987, and was more popular than its predecessor. It features several improvements to the user interface and memory management. Windows 2.03 changed the OS from tiled windows to overlapping windows. The result of this change led to Apple Computer filing a suit against Microsoft alleging infringement on Apple's copyrights (eventually settled in court in Microsoft's favor in 1993). Windows 2.0 also introduced more sophisticated keyboard shortcuts and could make use of expanded memory . Windows 2.1
2607-589: The Chinese language. Windows 3.2 was generally sold by computer manufacturers with a ten-disk version of MS-DOS that also had Simplified Chinese characters in basic output and some translated utilities. The next major consumer-oriented release of Windows, Windows 95 , was released on August 24, 1995. While still remaining MS-DOS-based, Windows 95 introduced support for native 32-bit applications , plug and play hardware, preemptive multitasking , long file names of up to 255 characters, and provided increased stability over its predecessors. Windows 95 also introduced
2686-463: The GPD Win to backers in October 2016. JC Torres of Slashgear gave the Win a 7/10, stating that it is "Well-rounded and has solid technical specs per expected needs, it is ambitious for being a Windows 10-based handheld console in an industry dominated by Linux-based handhelds," but he also noted an inconsistent build quality among models, and mediocre sound quality ("loud, but low"). Ultimately, he called it an "exceptional device". Linus Sebastian made
2765-513: The GPD Win. Aside from improved frame rates than its predecessor, game loading times have also decreased considerably. GamePad Digital started shipping units to pre-order backers in May 2018. Linus Sebastian reviewed a pre-release version in January 2018. He said that he did not think that the speakers were great, but acknowledged that he was reviewing a pre-production version. He spoke positively on
2844-565: The L3/R3 buttons have been moved to the shoulders from the keyboard as on the original GPD Win, for a total of six shoulder buttons. The top of the device has various I/O ports: USB-C, USB-A (3.0), MicroSD card slot, 3.5mm headphone jack, and a Micro HDMI port, a change from the Mini HDMI port featured on the Win. An AHCI M.2 SSD slot is present on the back of the device, underneath a removable cover. The GPD Win 2 has dual speakers on either side
2923-675: The MicroSD slot due to popular demand, also having no capacity ceiling. Despite the slightly larger display, the touch screen retains the 1280x720 resolution of its predecessor; however, the device is 4K capable, and supports wireless display options. The max supported resolution using the HDMI 1.4 protocol is 4096x2304 at 24 Hz refresh rate. The device supports both Miracast and Intel WiDi wireless display technologies. The GPD Win 2 has two 4900mAh polymer lithium batteries with 7.6V output, 37.24 Wh of power, and 600Wh/L energy density. This
3002-483: The Win 2 was a success, and surpassed its stated $ 100,000 goal by roughly 1800% at almost $ 1.8 million with over 2,200 pre-order backers. By the end of the campaign, the project received $ 2,700,000 of backing. Like its predecessor, the GPD Win 2 runs 64-bit Windows 10 Home . The system is also capable of running Linux operating systems. It has DirectX 12 and OpenGL 4.4 support. Pre-release testers have said that Linux "works perfectly", but that it's still best to use
3081-472: The Win with a full desktop Linux distribution like Ubuntu. The computer has a full typical QWERTY keyboard , which includes 67 standard keys and 10 expanded function keys. For gaming, the controller has a stylized similarly to the OpenPandora and DragonBox Pyra style keyboard and controller layout of one D-pad, two analog sticks, four face buttons, and four shoulder buttons (two on each shoulder). It
3160-461: The Win. The cooling system for the GPD Win 2 was overhauled to meet the needs of the upgraded CPU, the M3's thermal design point having increased over threefold, to 15 Watts. It contains an auto controlled fan and a heat sink. The turbofan has a dynamic range of 2000 to 8800RPM, with a reported increase of eightfold over its predecessor. GamePad Digital has changed the motherboard design to accommodate
3239-588: The Windows NT family still ran on IA-32 up to Windows 10 (the server line of the Windows NT family still ran on IA-32 up to Windows Server 2008 ). With the introduction of the Intel Itanium architecture ( IA-64 ), Microsoft released new versions of Windows to support it. Itanium versions of Windows XP and Windows Server 2003 were released at the same time as their mainstream x86 counterparts. Windows XP 64-Bit Edition (Version 2003), released in 2003,
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3318-430: The Windows interface, and require a certain base language (the language which Windows originally shipped with). This is used for most languages in emerging markets. Full Language Packs, which translate the complete operating system, are only available for specific editions of Windows (Ultimate and Enterprise editions of Windows Vista and 7, and all editions of Windows 8, 8.1 and RT except Single Language). They do not require
3397-620: The Xbox 360's system is backwards compatible with the original Xbox. Up to and including every version before Windows 2000 , Microsoft used an in-house version control system named Source Library Manager (SLM). Shortly after Windows 2000 was released, Microsoft switched to a fork of Perforce named Source Depot. This system was used up until 2017 once the system could not keep up with the size of Windows. Microsoft had begun to integrate Git into Team Foundation Server in 2013, but Windows (and Office) continued to rely on Source Depot. The Windows code
3476-527: The Xbox Live service to the Xbox and subsequently installed, or by using offline recovery images downloaded via a PC. It was originally based on NT 6.2 (Windows 8) kernel, and the latest version runs on an NT 10.0 base. This system is sometimes referred to as "Windows 10 on Xbox One". Xbox One and Xbox Series operating systems also allow limited (due to licensing restrictions and testing resources) backward compatibility with previous generation hardware, and
3555-457: The application developers themselves. Windows 8 and Windows Server 2012 introduce a new Language Control Panel where both the interface and input languages can be simultaneously changed, and language packs, regardless of type, can be downloaded from a central location. The PC Settings app in Windows 8.1 and Windows Server 2012 R2 also includes a counterpart settings page for this. Changing
3634-437: The application, a home networking system called HomeGroup , and performance improvements. Windows 8 , the successor to Windows 7, was released generally on October 26, 2012. A number of significant changes were made on Windows 8, including the introduction of a user interface based around Microsoft's Metro design language with optimizations for touch-based devices such as tablets and all-in-one PCs. These changes include
3713-462: The cooling system. The GPD Win used an L-type motherboard, and the Win 2 uses a dual motherboard design. The RAM has been doubled to 8 GB of LPDDR3, the same memory type as the GPD Win. Foregoing the eMMC storage of the GPD Win, the GPD Win 2 has a 128 GB M.2 2242 solid state drive . The drive is also user-replaceable, with no capacity ceiling. It has a max theoretical transfer speed of up to 600 MB/s. GamePad Digital also has retained
3792-409: The design, mostly because of virtual memory and loadable virtual device drivers ( VxDs ) that allow Windows to share arbitrary devices between multi-tasked DOS applications. Windows 3.0 applications can run in protected mode , which gives them access to several megabytes of memory without the obligation to participate in the software virtual memory scheme. They run inside the same address space, where
3871-401: The face just under each analog stick. The top and back of the device have cooling fan grates. The screen has been increased from 5.5" to 6", and is an H-IPS capacitive 10-point touch screen that is reinforced with Gorilla Glass 4. To facilitate the desired improved performance over the GPD Win, GamePad Digital upgraded the original model's Intel Atom CPU to an Intel Core M 3-7Y30 CPU, with
3950-402: The face of the device, moved outboard from their position on the original GPD Win. The ABXY keys have remained, but likewise moved inboard. The D-pad has been brought back as well. The mouse switch has removed D-input, only having an X-input and a mouse function (although software exists to use D-input games properly with an X-input). The shoulders have the standard L1/R1 and L2/R2 buttons, however
4029-516: The full Windows feature set. The early versions of Windows are often thought of as graphical shells, mostly because they ran on top of MS-DOS and used it for file system services. However, even the earliest Windows versions already assumed many typical operating system functions; notably, having their own executable file format and providing their own device drivers (timer, graphics, printer, mouse, keyboard and sound). Unlike MS-DOS, Windows allowed users to execute multiple graphical applications at
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#17327973370444108-436: The interface language also changes the language of preinstalled Windows Store apps (such as Mail, Maps and News) and certain other Microsoft-developed apps (such as Remote Desktop). The above limitations for language packs are however still in effect, except that full language packs can be installed for any edition except Single Language, which caters to emerging markets. Windows NT included support for several platforms before
4187-515: The keyboard and the interface can be changed through the Region and Language Control Panel. Components for all supported input languages, such as Input Method Editors , are automatically installed during Windows installation (in Windows XP and earlier, files for East Asian languages, such as Chinese, and files for right-to-left scripts, such as Arabic, may need to be installed separately, also from
4266-812: The keyboard, noting that it was already a significant improvement over its predecessor. Also saying that the shoulder buttons have improved in quality, with a more firm clicking feeling. He praised the ease of access of making configuration changes on the Win 2 as opposed to other portable devices. As far as performance, he noted that integrated graphics leave a lot to be desired, and that newer games will still have stutter, and mediocre frame rates. But that older games are generally fine. He did note an increase in emulation performance, testing games like Star Fox: Assault in Dolphin and Grand Theft Auto III in PCSX2 . He noted that there may be some slowdown in some games, but that
4345-433: The last DOS-based version of Windows. Windows Me incorporated visual interface enhancements from its Windows NT-based counterpart Windows 2000 , had faster boot times than previous versions (which however, required the removal of the ability to access a real mode DOS environment, removing compatibility with some older programs), expanded multimedia functionality (including Windows Media Player 7, Windows Movie Maker , and
4424-622: The only active top-level family is Windows NT . The first version, Windows NT 3.1 , was intended for server computing and corporate workstations . It grew into a product line of its own and now consists of four sub-families that tend to be released almost simultaneously and share the same kernel. These top-level Windows families are no longer actively developed: The term Windows collectively describes any or all of several generations of Microsoft operating system products. These products are generally categorized as follows: The history of Windows dates back to 1981 when Microsoft started work on
4503-403: The platform), but also supported the capabilities of the existing NT kernel . Following its approval by Microsoft's staff, development continued on what was now Windows NT, the first 32-bit version of Windows. However, IBM objected to the changes, and ultimately continued OS/2 development on its own. Windows NT was the first Windows operating system based on a hybrid kernel . The hybrid kernel
4582-495: The removal of the Start menu . On September 30, 2014, Microsoft announced Windows 10 as the successor to Windows 8.1. It was released on July 29, 2015, and addresses shortcomings in the user interface first introduced with Windows 8. Changes on PC include the return of the Start Menu, a virtual desktop system, and the ability to run Windows Store apps within windows on the desktop rather than in full-screen mode. Windows 10
4661-754: The said Control Panel). Third-party IMEs may also be installed if a user feels that the provided one is insufficient for their needs. Since Windows 2000, English editions of Windows NT have East Asian IMEs (such as Microsoft Pinyin IME and Microsoft Japanese IME) bundled, but files for East Asian languages may be manually installed on Control Panel. Interface languages for the operating system are free for download, but some languages are limited to certain editions of Windows. Language Interface Packs (LIPs) are redistributable and may be downloaded from Microsoft's Download Center and installed for any edition of Windows (XP or later) – they translate most, but not all, of
4740-420: The same time, through cooperative multitasking . Windows implemented an elaborate, segment-based, software virtual memory scheme, which allows it to run applications larger than available memory: code segments and resources are swapped in and thrown away when memory became scarce; data segments moved in memory when a given application had relinquished processor control. Windows 3.0 , released in 1990, improved
4819-439: The segmented memory provides a degree of protection. Windows 3.0 also featured improvements to the user interface. Microsoft rewrote critical operations from C into assembly . Windows 3.0 was the first version of Windows to achieve broad commercial success, selling 2 million copies in the first six months. Windows 3.1, made generally available on March 1, 1992, featured a facelift. In August 1993, Windows for Workgroups,
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#17327973370444898-465: The worst operating systems Microsoft had ever released, and the fourth worst tech product of all time. In November 1988, a new development team within Microsoft (which included former Digital Equipment Corporation developers Dave Cutler and Mark Lucovsky ) began work on a revamped version of IBM and Microsoft's OS/2 operating system known as "NT OS/2". NT OS/2 was intended to be a secure, multi-user operating system with POSIX compatibility and
4977-407: Was announced as the successor to Windows 10 during a livestream. The new operating system was designed to be more user-friendly and understandable. It was released on October 5, 2021. As of May 2022, Windows 11 is a free upgrade to Windows 10 users who meet the system requirements. In July 2021, Microsoft announced it will start selling subscriptions to virtualized Windows desktops as part of
5056-492: Was available in a number of different editions , and has been subject to some criticism , such as drop of performance, longer boot time, criticism of new UAC, and stricter license agreement. Vista's server counterpart, Windows Server 2008 was released in early 2008. On July 22, 2009, Windows 7 and Windows Server 2008 R2 were released to manufacturing (RTM) and released to the public three months later on October 22, 2009. Unlike its predecessor, Windows Vista, which introduced
5135-517: Was designed as a modified microkernel , influenced by the Mach microkernel developed by Richard Rashid at Carnegie Mellon University, but without meeting all of the criteria of a pure microkernel. The first release of the resulting operating system, Windows NT 3.1 (named to associate it with Windows 3.1 ) was released in July 1993, with versions for desktop workstations and servers . Windows NT 3.5
5214-460: Was divided among 65 different repositories with a kind of virtualization layer to produce unified view of all of the code. GPD Win 2 www .gpd .hk (English) The GPD Win 2 is a Windows -based palmtop computer that is the successor to the GPD Win . It is manufactured by Chinese company GamePad Digital and was crowdfunded . Announced in first-quarter 2017, the crowdfunding campaign officially kicked off on January 15, 2018, and it
5293-465: Was initially intended to use the Intel Atom x5-Z8500 Cherry Trail CPU. The graphics processor is an Intel HD Graphics integrated GPU with a base clock speed of 200 MHz and a turbo boost of up to 600 MHz. It uses 4GB of LPDDR3-1600 RAM, with 64GB of eMMC 4.51 ROM. It has a single microSD slot that can support storage cards up to 256GB. The chassis is 15.5×9.7 cm in size. It has
5372-462: Was marketed in two main editions : the "Home" edition was targeted towards consumers, while the "Professional" edition was targeted towards business environments and power users , and included additional security and networking features. Home and Professional were later accompanied by the "Media Center" edition (designed for home theater PCs , with an emphasis on support for DVD playback, TV tuner cards , DVR functionality, and remote controls), and
5451-698: Was not released until November 1985. Windows 1.0 was to compete with Apple 's operating system, but achieved little popularity. Windows 1.0 is not a complete operating system; rather, it extends MS-DOS . The shell of Windows 1.0 is a program known as the MS-DOS Executive . Components included Calculator , Calendar, Cardfile , Clipboard Viewer , Clock, Control Panel , Notepad , Paint , Reversi , Terminal and Write . Windows 1.0 does not allow overlapping windows. Instead, all windows are tiled . Only modal dialog boxes may appear over other windows. Microsoft sold as included Windows Development libraries with
5530-462: Was released in April 2003. It was followed in December 2005, by Windows Server 2003 R2. After a lengthy development process , Windows Vista was released on November 30, 2006, for volume licensing and January 30, 2007, for consumers. It contained a number of new features , from a redesigned shell and user interface to significant technical changes , with a particular focus on security features . It
5609-510: Was released in May 2018. GamePad Digital released the GPD Win in October 2016. This was meant to be an answer to the lack of x86 Windows-based mobile gaming devices. The Win met with success, surpassing its target funding. Building upon this success, they announced the GPD Win 2 in 2017. By December 2017, tech media outlets such as TechRadar , The Verge , Slash Gear, ExtremeTech , and more were providing write ups and technical specs of pre-production units. The Indiegogo campaign for
5688-456: Was released in October 2016. GamePad Digital (GPD) is a technology company based in Shenzhen, China . Among other products, they have created several handheld video game consoles which run Android on ARM architecture ; for instance, GPD XD . GPD Win was meant to be a way to play PC games, PC-based video game console emulators, and hypervisors (such as VMware and VirtualBox clients) on
5767-526: Was released in September 1994, focusing on performance improvements and support for Novell 's NetWare , and was followed up by Windows NT 3.51 in May 1995, which included additional improvements and support for the PowerPC architecture. Windows NT 4.0 was released in June 1996, introducing the redesigned interface of Windows 95 to the NT series. On February 17, 2000, Microsoft released Windows 2000 ,
5846-675: Was released in two different versions: Windows/286 and Windows/386 . Windows/386 uses the virtual 8086 mode of the Intel 80386 to multitask several DOS programs and the paged memory model to emulate expanded memory using available extended memory . Windows/286, in spite of its name, runs on both Intel 8086 and Intel 80286 processors. It runs in real mode but can make use of the high memory area . In addition to full Windows packages, there were runtime-only versions that shipped with early Windows software from third parties and made it possible to run their Windows software on MS-DOS and without
5925-509: Was released on November 20, 1985, as a graphical operating system shell for MS-DOS in response to the growing interest in graphical user interfaces (GUIs). The name "Windows" is a reference to the windowing system in GUIs. The 1990 release of Windows 3.0 catapulted its market success and led to various other product families, including the now-defunct Windows 9x , Windows Mobile , Windows Phone , and Windows CE/Embedded Compact . Windows
6004-401: Was roughly equivalent to a service pack . The first OSR of Windows 95 was also the first version of Windows to be bundled with Microsoft's web browser , Internet Explorer . Mainstream support for Windows 95 ended on December 31, 2000, and extended support for Windows 95 ended on December 31, 2001. Windows 95 was followed up with the release of Windows 98 on June 25, 1998, which introduced
6083-586: Was the first client version of Windows NT to be released simultaneously in IA-32 and x64 editions. As of 2024, x64 is still supported. An edition of Windows 8 known as Windows RT was specifically created for computers with ARM architecture , and while ARM is still used for Windows smartphones with Windows 10, tablets with Windows RT will not be updated. Starting from Windows 10 Fall Creators Update (version 1709) and later includes support for ARM-based PCs. Windows CE (officially known as Windows Embedded Compact ),
6162-556: Was used in the Dreamcast along with Sega's own proprietary OS for the console. Windows CE was the core from which Windows Mobile was derived. Its successor, Windows Phone 7 , was based on components from both Windows CE 6.0 R3 and Windows CE 7.0 . Windows Phone 8 however, is based on the same NT-kernel as Windows 8. Windows Embedded Compact is not to be confused with Windows XP Embedded or Windows NT 4.0 Embedded , modular editions of Windows based on Windows NT kernel. Xbox OS
6241-420: Was using Git, in about 8500 commits and 1760 Windows builds per day. In June 2021, shortly before Microsoft's announcement of Windows 11, Microsoft updated their lifecycle policy pages for Windows 10, revealing that support for their last release of Windows 10 will end on October 14, 2025. On April 27, 2023, Microsoft announced that version 22H2 would be the last of Windows 10. On June 24, 2021, Windows 11
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