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44-498: With an estimated 1.6 million visitors per year, the trust operates one of the most visited museums in the United States. The trust also provides grants and training to other museums and cultural institutions. The trust has a library, publications program and visiting scholar program. The trust's conservation program is dedicated to advancing conservation practice through the creation and delivery of knowledge. However, since 2008,

88-422: A 30-year concession in the neutral zone between Saudi Arabia and Kuwait . Gordon Getty and his family inherited a 40% interest in the company when J. Paul Getty died in 1976. In 1984, after entering into a binding agreement to sell Getty and its 2.3-billion-barrel stockpile of proven oil reserves to Pennzoil , Gordon Getty struck a dramatic deal to sell the company to Texaco . On November 19, 1985, in

132-571: A majority stake of ESPN , before Getty's purchase by Texaco which then sold ESPN to ABC in 1984. Deborah Marrow Deborah Marrow (October 18, 1948 – October 1, 2019) was a foundation director and art historian who spent a 36-year career with the J. Paul Getty Trust in Los Angeles, California . She worked at the Trust from 1983 to 2019 including two assignments as interim president and chief executive officer and 30 years as Director of

176-530: A performance art festival, public programming and more than 100 gallery shows. Pacific Standard Time: LA/LA (2017–18) extended that collaborative model to fund exhibitions and scholarly research focused on Latin American and U.S. Latino art in Southern California. In addition to generating attention to a little studied field, PST: LA/LA involved nearly 2.8 million participants. In her work at

220-582: A residential scholars program, publishes books, and maintains electronic databases including a Semantic Web service. The GRI was originally called the "Getty Center for the History of Art and the Humanities", and was conceived as early as 1983. Among other holdings, GRI's research library contains about 900,000 volumes of books, periodicals, and auction catalogs; special collections; and two million photographs of art and architecture. The library also includes

264-919: Is an art museum . It has two locations, one at the Getty Center in Los Angeles, California , and one at the Getty Villa in Pacific Palisades, Los Angeles, California . The museum at the Getty Center contains "Western art from the Middle Ages to the present;" its estimated 1.3 million visitors annually makes it one of the most visited museums in the United States. The museum at the Getty Villa contains art from "ancient Greece , Rome , and Etruria ". The museum started as J. Paul Getty's personal art collection. The Getty Foundation

308-552: Is governed by a 13-member board of trustees . Trustees are elected to serve four-year terms, with a maximum limit of three terms. The board is self-perpetuating with the board electing or re-electing the trustees. The board holds an annual meeting in May or June of each year. Although the board conducts most of its work through committees, a number of important decisions are reserved for the entire board including approval of any art acquisition costing more than $ 1 million. On October 2, 2006,

352-640: The American Council of Learned Societies GII sought to build a broad coalition of non-profits to establish a National Initiative for a Networked Cultural Heritage . Upon the dissolution of the GII, its data bases were transferred to the Getty Research Institute. The trust was established by a Trust Indenture dated December 2, 1953 that created a California charitable trust was "the diffusion of artistic and general knowledge." The trust

396-558: The California Attorney General issued a report following an investigation of the trust and its operations. At the close of the investigation an independent monitor was hired to assure proper governance and expenditures of the trust. On May 7, 2008, the Attorney General closed the monitoring process. The trust was hurt by the economic downturn following 2007 and reduced its annual budget by 14%. In 2007,

440-614: The Getty Villa were raised by 50% to $ 15. Wood died suddenly of natural causes on June 12, 2010. In May 2011 James Cuno , director of the Art Institute of Chicago , was named president and chief executive of the Getty Trust, to take office in August. In April 2022, Katherine Fleming , Provost of New York University , was named president and chief executive of the Trust, to take office in August 2022. The J. Paul Getty Museum

484-604: The University of Pennsylvania in Philadelphia. She graduated cum laude from Penn with a degree in history in 1970. She went on to obtain a master's degree in art history at Johns Hopkins University in Baltimore, Maryland in 1972. She went back to Penn and finished her PhD in art history in 1978. Her major and minor fields were baroque art and modern art, respectively. Marrow met her husband, Michael J. McGuire , at

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528-589: The University of Pennsylvania on the third night of her freshman year (1966). They were married for 48 years and had two children, Anna Marrow McGuire and David Marrow McGuire. She married Michael on June 19, 1971, in a simple ceremony at her parents' house in Scarsdale. Marrow and Michael spent a year in London, Paris and Florence in 1976-77 while she did her thesis research. She moved to California with Michael in 1977. Before, during, and after obtaining her PhD, she

572-930: The 2017 J. Paul Getty Medal at a dinner in New York City on November 13, 2017. In September 2018, the Getty Medal was awarded to Thelma Golden , director and chief curator of The Studio Museum in Harlem , Agnes Gund , president emerita of the Museum of Modern Art , and Richard Serra , minimalist sculptor . The 2019 J. Paul Getty Medal was awarded to classicist Mary Beard and artists Ed Ruscha and Lorna Simpson . The 2020 recipients, announced in February, were Alice Walton , Martin Puryear , and Kwame Anthony Appiah . Getty Oil Getty Oil Company

616-614: The American Alliance of Museums. She was honored by the American Institute for Conservation in 2019 with the President's Award in recognition of her substantial support of research and education in conservation. Marrow received the President's Non-Profit Leadership Award from East Los Angeles College in 2017, which was widely acknowledged by certificates of appreciation from political and cultural leaders throughout

660-630: The GLI was transferred to the Claremont Graduate University in Claremont, California and was renamed "The Getty Leadership Institute at Claremont Graduate University". The Getty Research Institute (GRI), located at the Getty Center in Los Angeles, California , is "dedicated to furthering knowledge and advancing understanding of the visual arts". GRI maintains a research library, organizes exhibitions and other events, sponsors

704-648: The Getty Foundation. She was born in New York City on October 18, 1948, to Adele (Wolin) Marrow and Seymour A. Marrow. She was raised in Scarsdale, New York , attending Quaker Ridge Elementary School and Scarsdale High School . She was an exceptional student and worked on many school activities. She was a devoted camper at Camp Walden in Denmark, Maine, where her daughter, Anna, and her sister, Jane Marrow Bemis, also attended. In 1966, she started college at

748-743: The Getty Grant Program (now the Getty Foundation ) in 1989 where she spent the rest of her career. During her tenure at the Getty she was called upon to become the acting director of the Getty Research Institute (1999–2000), and in 2000, she assumed the additional role of dean for external relations for the Getty. She was asked to step in as interim president and chief executive officer during two periods. During her first assignment as interim CEO in 2006–07, she led

792-617: The Getty Trust was embroiled in numerous controversies relating to the provenance of various antiquities in the Getty Museum's collections and Munitz' expense account. In the midst of an investigation by the California Attorney General, Munitz resigned in 2006 and was forced to "forgo his severance package of more than $ 2 million, and reimburse the Getty Trust for $ 250,000 after alleged improprieties including lavish expense account spending." On December 4, 2006,

836-545: The Getty as it exists today. In November 2014, the Getty Medal was presented to Jacob Rothschild, 4th Baron Rothschild , a volunteer cultural leader known for his dedication to the preservation and public interpretation of Waddesdon Manor . In September 2015, the Getty Medal was awarded to architect Frank Gehry , who has built an architectural career over five decades and produced public and private buildings in America, Europe, and Asia. His work has earned Mr. Gehry several of

880-424: The Getty to overcome difficult governance challenges. As many people have stated, during this period she restored the “trust” in the Getty Trust. Her second stint as interim CEO (2010–11) came about due to the untimely death of James Woods. Marrow was regarded by art history professionals as a leader and consummate art historian who led many international efforts to improve the field. A notable achievement by Marrow

924-666: The Getty, she traveled throughout six of the seven continents. Upon the announcement of her retirement in 2018, the Getty Board of Directors renamed an internship program that she founded in her honor: the Getty Marrow Undergraduate Internship Program. Over 27 years, the Internship Program has funded more than 3,000 students working at local arts institutions including museums throughout the southern California area. She

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968-491: The J. Paul Getty Museum Trust. Legal conflicts over the will took years to resolve, but in 1982, the trust finally received Getty's full bequest . The trust began to add a number of new programs in 1982, and in February 1983, it petitioned the court to change its name to 'The J. Paul Getty Trust'. In 1997, Barry Munitz was named the president and CEO of the trust. He began work in January 1998, succeeding Harold M. Williams ,

1012-869: The National Trust for Historic Preservation in partnership with the White House Millennium Council , the International Committee of the Council on Foundations , the Association of Research Institutes in the History of Art, and the American Association of Museums task force that produced the report Excellence and Equity . In 2019, Marrow received the Award for Distinguished Service to Museums from

1056-404: The case of Texaco, Inc. v. Pennzoil, Co. , Pennzoil won a US$ 10.53 billion verdict against Texaco in the largest civil verdict in U.S. history as a result of the violation of the binding agreement. Following extensive litigation seeking to overturn the verdict, Texaco filed for bankruptcy, after which Pennzoil agreed to settle the case for $ 3 billion. While the reserves were sold, only some of

1100-525: The creation and delivery of knowledge. It "serves the conservation community through scientific research, education and training, model field projects, and the dissemination of the results of both its own work and the work of others in the field" and "adheres to the principles that guide the work of the Getty Trust: service, philanthropy, teaching, and access". GCI has activities in both art conservation and architectural conservation . GCI scientists study

1144-654: The deterioration of objects and buildings, and how to prevent or stop such deterioration. GCI has also been involved with long-term education programs, such as establishing a master's degree program in Archaeological and Ethnographic Conservation in collaboration with the University of California, Los Angeles . From 1983 to June 1999, the Trust ran the Getty Information Institute (GII) which sought to collect electronic information to serve cultural heritage institution and researchers. Together with

1188-610: The fields of art history, museums, preservation, and philanthropy. She served on the board of Town Hall Los Angeles . She was a board member of the Courtauld Institute of Art , the University of California Humanities Research Institute , and Southern California Grantmakers. She was a member of the National and International Committees for the History of Art, the Save America’s Treasures Committee of

1232-662: The first president of the Getty Trust, who oversaw construction of the $ 1 billion Getty Center designed by architect Richard Meier . With an endowment of $ 4.2 billion, in 2009 the Getty Trust was the wealthiest art institution in the world. Early in his tenure, Munitz reorganized the Getty Trust, closing two of the institution's six programs—the Getty Information Institute and the Getty Education Institute. To deal with long-run financial issues, he sought to cultivate relationships with donors and corporate partners. His leadership became increasingly controversial as

1276-485: The intersection of the arts, education, and business. Accomplished painter and sculptor Ellsworth Kelly has supported the conservation of historical and contemporary art at museums and heritage sites in the U.S. and around the world, as well as the preservation of natural environment, through the Ellsworth Kelly Foundation. Artist Anselm Kiefer and writer Mario Vargas Llosa were presented with

1320-402: The late 1970s, she was managing editor and member of the editorial board of the feminist publication Chrysalis . In 1982, she was hired as a consultant by the then nascent J. Paul Getty Trust to help vet senior staff being considered for the growing organization. In 1983, she started work with the Getty as publication coordinator in the new publications program. She was appointed director of

1364-720: The most significant awards in the architectural field, including the Pritzker Architecture Prize . The 2016 Getty Medal was awarded to musician Yo-Yo Ma and, posthumously, to artist Ellsworth Kelly at a celebratory dinner in October. In addition to his accomplished career as a master cellist, Ma founded the Silk Road Ensemble and the nonprofit Silkroad to promote the creation of new music, cross-cultural partnerships, education programs, and cross-disciplinary collaborations to create meaningful change at

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1408-517: The refineries changed hands, and Getty continued to exist as a downstream entity. Getty gas stations in the Northeast were sold off as a condition of the buyout. The company became known as Getty Petroleum Marketing Inc. Getty Petroleum Marketing was sold to Lukoil in 2000, and Lukoil sold it to Cambridge Securities LLC in February 2011. Getty Petroleum filed for bankruptcy protection (Chapter 11) on December 5, 2011. At one point, Getty Oil owned

1452-726: The restoration of the Cosmati Pavement in the floor of Westminster Abbey . For many years, the foundation conducted the Getty Leadership Institute (GLI). The major GLI program is the Museum Leadership Institute (MLI), formerly known as the Museum Management Institute, which "has served close to 1,000 museum professionals from the United States and 30 countries worldwide". However, effective on January 2, 2010,

1496-413: The trust announced the hiring of art historian James N. Wood , the former Director of the Art Institute of Chicago , as the trust's new president and CEO, replacing Barry Munitz, who was forced to step down earlier in the year. In 2009, after a substantial drop in the trust's assets, Wood cut nearly 100 employees at the trust's various operations, most at the Getty Museum. Fees for parking at the museum and

1540-550: The trust had $ 6.4 billion in endowment, but this amount dropped to $ 4.5 billion in 2009. In 2009, the trust had $ 300 million in expenses down from $ 349 million in 2008. For example, GRI co-produced the Avery Index to Architectural Periodicals with the Avery Architectural and Fine Arts Library , but transferred that activity to Columbia University on July 1, 2009. With the recovery of the post-recession economy,

1584-596: The trust has scaled back the scope of its activities in response to financial challenges. The J. Paul Getty Museum Trust was established by business tycoon J. Paul Getty in 1953. Getty had founded the Getty Oil Company in 1942, and Fortune magazine named him the richest living American in 1957. At his death, he was worth more than $ 2 billion. Getty died in 1976 and left the bulk of his estate, including nearly $ 660 million worth of stock in Getty Oil, to

1628-513: The trust rose to $ 6.9 billion by 2018. The J. Paul Getty Medal was established in 2013 by the Trustees of the J. Paul Getty Trust to honor extraordinary contributions to the practice, understanding and support of the arts. The first recipients of the Getty Medal, which was presented in December 2013, were Harold M. Williams and Nancy Englander, who were honored for their leadership in creating

1672-408: The trust's "Institutional Archives" which document the activities of the trust's various programs. The Getty Conservation Institute (GCI), located in Los Angeles, California , is headquartered at the Getty Center but also has facilities at the Getty Villa , and commenced operation in 1985. The GCI is a private international research institution dedicated to advancing conservation practice through

1716-630: Was a dedicated alumna of Penn. In 2001, she served on the committee celebrating 125 years of women at Penn. Marrow joined the Board of Trustees in 2003. Her tenure on the Board included membership on the Executive; Nominating; Local, National, and Global Engagement; Facilities and Campus Planning; and Honorary Degrees and Awards Committees. She also served on the Academic Policy Committee, which she chaired for six years. In 2004, Marrow

1760-493: Was a teacher. In the 1970s, he taught art history at local colleges in the Philadelphia area. In California, she finished her doctoral thesis on the art patronage of Maria de' Medici (1978) after which she taught at colleges and universities in the Los Angeles area. She was an adjunct assistant professor at Occidental College in 1979, 1981 and 1982, and she was a field faculty advisor at Goddard College from 1975 to 1979. In

1804-422: Was an American oil marketing company with its origins as part of the large integrated oil company founded by J. Paul Getty . J. Paul Getty incorporated Getty Oil in 1942. He had previously worked in the oil fields of Oklahoma along with his father George Getty . When George died, he left J. Paul with $ 500,000 and a projection that he would destroy the family business. Starting in 1949, J. Paul Getty negotiated

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1848-451: Was developing the concept for Pacific Standard Time: Art in L.A., 1945–1980 which was celebrated throughout Southern California in 2011-2012. Under her leadership, the foundation awarded $ 28 million in grants to dozens of cultural institutions across Southern California to tell the story of the Los Angeles art scene. Pacific Standard Time highlighted contemporary art in post-World War II Los Angeles and involved dozens of museum exhibitions,

1892-463: Was originally called the "Getty Grant Program," which began in 1984 under the direction of Deborah Marrow . The J. Paul Getty Trust can spend up to 0.75% of its endowment on gifts and grants; by 1990 the Getty Grant Program (then based in Santa Monica ) had made 530 grants totaling $ 20 million to "art historians, conservators and art museums in 18 countries". For example, a foundation grant funded

1936-803: Was part of the consultative committee that recommended to the Trustees Amy Gutmann for election as Penn's eighth president. She was an Overseer at the Weitzman School of Design and she served as a member of the Penn Alumni Board of Directors, the Trustees' Council of Penn Women and the Southern California Regional Advisory Board. In 2013, she was named a Charter Trustee in honor of her contributions. She served as an Emerita Trustee until her death. Marrow served many organizations in

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